Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Tracking Liver Fibrosis with Photoacoustic Microscopy.","authors":"Daiwei Li, Junjie Yao","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243855","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e243855"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Deep Learning-Based Detection and Segmentation of Lung Tumors at CT.","authors":"Mehr Kashyap, Xi Wang, Neil Panjwani, Mohammad Hasan, Qin Zhang, Charles Huang, Karl Bush, Alexander Chin, Lucas K Vitzthum, Peng Dong, Sandra Zaky, Billy W Loo, Maximilian Diehn, Lei Xing, Ruijiang Li, Michael F Gensheimer","doi":"10.1148/radiol.233029","DOIUrl":"10.1148/radiol.233029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>\"Just Accepted\" papers have undergone full peer review and have been accepted for publication in <i>Radiology: Artificial Intelligence</i>. This article will undergo copyediting, layout, and proof review before it is published in its final version. Please note that during production of the final copyedited article, errors may be discovered which could affect the content.</i> Background Detection and segmentation of lung tumors on CT scans are critical for monitoring cancer progression, evaluating treatment responses, and planning radiation therapy; however, manual delineation is labor-intensive and subject to physician variability. Purpose To develop and evaluate an ensemble deep learning model for automating identification and segmentation of lung tumors on CT scans. Materials and Methods A retrospective study was conducted between July 2019 and November 2024 using a large dataset of CT simulation scans and clinical lung tumor segmentations from radiotherapy plans. This dataset was used to train a 3D U-Net-based, image-multiresolution ensemble model to detect and segment lung tumors on CT scans. Model performance was evaluated on internal and external test sets composed of CT simulation scans and lung tumor segmentations from two affiliated medical centers, including single primary and metastatic lung tumors. Performance metrics included sensitivity, specificity, false positive rate, and Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). Model-predicted tumor volumes were compared with physician-delineated volumes. Group comparisons were made with Wilcoxon signed-rank test or one-way ANOVA. P < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results The model, trained on 1,504 CT scans with clinical lung tumor segmentations, achieved 92% sensitivity (92/100) and 82% specificity (41/50) in detecting lung tumors on the combined 150-CT scan test set. For a subset of 100 CT scans with a single lung tumor each, the model achieved a median model-physician DSC of 0.77 (IQR: 0.65-0.83) and an interphysician DSC of 0.80 (IQR: 0.72-0.86). Segmentation time was shorter for the model than for physicians (mean 76.6 vs. 166.1-187.7 seconds; p<0.001). Conclusion Routinely collected radiotherapy data were useful for model training. The key strengths of the model include a 3D U-Net ensemble approach for balancing volumetric context with resolution, robust tumor detection and segmentation performance, and the ability to generalize to an external site.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e233029"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"US-Guided Thermal Ablation for Secondary Hyperparathyroidism: A Prospective Multicenter Study.","authors":"Yang Liu, Cheng-Zhong Peng, Hui-Hui Chai, Lin-Xue Qian, Song-Song Wu, Ming-An Yu, Shui-Ping Li, Jian-Tang Zhang, Yue Shan, Fang-Yi Liu, Chong-Bing Sun, Zhi-Wei Yang, Rui Zhang, Ying Che, Shu-Hang Gao, Jie Yu, Ping Liang","doi":"10.1148/radiol.233104","DOIUrl":"10.1148/radiol.233104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Interest in microwave ablation (MWA) and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) use for treating secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is rising; however, ablation outcomes in patients with SHPT are not well characterized. Purpose To assess the response of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels to US-guided parathyroid MWA and RFA and the safety of these treatments in participants with SHPT. Materials and Methods This prospective multicenter cohort study, conducted from September 2017 to March 2022, included participants with SHPT. The primary end point was the proportion of participants achieving the target PTH level (≤585 pg/mL). The secondary end points included PTH, calcium, phosphorus, and ALP levels before ablation and time points for follow-up assessments after ablation (2 hours, 1 day, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months, and then every 6 months) and complications and technical success rates. Mixed-effects logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with treatment failure. Results A total of 215 participants (median age, 53 years [IQR, 43-60 years]; 109 [50.7%] male participants) were evaluated, and 183 (85.1%) achieved target PTH levels. Compared with baseline levels, there was an 85.9%, 6.3%, 15.3%, and 37.4% reduction in PTH, calcium, phosphorus, and ALP levels at 24 months after ablation, respectively. For major complications, one (0.5%) participant experienced persistent hoarseness, and severe hypocalcemia (<1.87 mmol/L) was present in 74 (34.4%) participants. After adjustments, predictors associated with treatment failure included the preablation PTH level (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.78; 95% CI: 1.19, 12.04; <i>P</i> = .03), maximum tumor volume (adjusted OR, 5.02; 95% CI: 1.74, 14.53; <i>P</i> = .003), and number of glands ablated (adjusted OR, 0.32; 95% CI: 0.11, 0.98; <i>P</i> = .046). The prediction model showed good discrimination ability in the development and validation cohorts (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve, 0.78 [95% CI: 0.66, 0.90] and 0.73 [95% CI: 0.55, 0.91], respectively). Conclusion US-guided thermal ablation techniques were effective and safe treatments in participants with SHPT because they effectively reduced PTH, calcium, phosphorus, and ALP levels. © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Gemmete in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e233104"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granular Insights into Myocardial Scarring: Advancing Risk Stratification in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy.","authors":"João A C Lima, Elnaz Ebrahimihoor","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e243672"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of Vascular Remodeling and Sinusoidal Capillarization to Assess Liver Fibrosis with Photoacoustic Imaging.","authors":"Wenya Li, Jing Lv, Honghui Li, Liwen Song, Rui Zhang, Xingyang Zhao, Feichao Xuan, Tong Sun, Kai Long, Yinghua Zhao, Liming Nie","doi":"10.1148/radiol.241275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.241275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) can be used to detect strong absorption from endogenous and exogenous contrast material, making it promising for detailed structural and functional imaging of hepatic sinusoids, including dynamic visualization of permeability. Purpose To evaluate whether PAM-based quantitative parameters of liver function and integrity (lacunarity, blood oxygen saturation [Sao₂], and Evans blue [EB] permeability) are associated with histopathologic indexes of fibrosis in a mouse model. Materials and Methods Between October 2022 and July 2023, a total of 35 male C57BL/6 mice were included in this study and received intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride to establish mouse models of progressive liver fibrosis, with seven mice in each group. PAM was performed to visualize vascular structure, Sao₂ distribution, and EB penetration within the hepatic lobule. Histologic findings were used as the reference standard. Associations between the PAM parameters and the pathologic results were evaluated with Spearman rank correlation. Results Mean lacunarity, a PAM parameter, gradually increased with liver fibrosis stage (control: 0.018 arbitrary units [au] ± 0.004 [SD]; fibrosis: 1 week, 0.024 au ± 0.002; 2 weeks, 0.028 au ± 0.003; 4 weeks, 0.034 au ± 0.002; 10 weeks, 0.040 au ± 0.005; <i>P</i> < .001) and was positively correlated with collagen-positive area (Spearman <i>r</i> = 0.88-0.90; <i>P</i> < .001). PAM revealed that Sao₂ decreased with disease progression (control, 0.921 au ± 0.017; 1 week, 0.875 au ± 0.019; 2 weeks, 0.846 au ± 0.020; 4 weeks, 0.802 au ± 0.025; 10 weeks, 0.732 au ± 0.036; <i>P</i> < .001) and was inversely related to hypoxia-inducible factor 1α expression (Spearman <i>r</i> = -0.83; <i>P</i> < .001). EB permeability, indicative of hepatic sinusoid capillarization, was reduced at advanced stages of fibrosis (control: 11.6% [IQR, 11.2%-11.8%]; fibrosis: 1 week, 24.8% [IQR, 23.3%-25.8%]; 2 weeks, 18.4% [IQR, 18.4%-20.0%]; 4 weeks, 5.1% [IQR, 4.9%-6.2%]; 10 weeks, 3.7% [IQR, 3.4%-4.5%]; <i>P</i> < .001). Conclusion PAM-based structural and functional parameters were associated with liver fibrosis severity, and PAM imaging of EB dynamics helped detect sinusoidal capillarization. © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Li and Yao in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e241275"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging GPT-4 as a Proofreader: Addressing the Growing Workload of Radiologists.","authors":"Yangsean Choi","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243859","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e243859"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance Tests for Automation Routines in Radiology.","authors":"Mark P Langer","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250043","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e250043"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Superresolution for Simultaneous Multislice Parallel Imaging-Accelerated Knee MRI Using Arthroscopy Validation.","authors":"Sven S Walter, Jan Vosshenrich, Tatiane Cantarelli Rodrigues, Danoob Dalili, Benjamin Fritz, Richard Kijowski, Eun Hae Park, Aline Serfaty, Steven E Stern, Inge Brinkmann, Gregor Koerzdoerfer, Jan Fritz","doi":"10.1148/radiol.241249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.241249","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Deep learning (DL) methods can improve accelerated MRI but require validation against an independent reference standard to ensure robustness and accuracy. Purpose To validate the diagnostic performance of twofold-simultaneous-multislice (SMSx2) twofold-parallel-imaging (PIx2)-accelerated DL superresolution MRI in the knee against conventional SMSx2-PIx2-accelerated MRI using arthroscopy as the reference standard. Materials and Methods Adults with painful knee conditions were prospectively enrolled from December 2021 to October 2022. Participants underwent fourfold SMSx2-PIx2-accelerated standard-of-care and investigational DL superresolution MRI at 3 T. Seven radiologists independently evaluated the MRI examinations for overall image quality (using Likert scale scores: 1, very bad, to 5, very good) and the presence or absence of meniscus and ligament tears. Articular cartilage was categorized as intact, or partial or full-thickness defects. Statistical analyses included interreader agreements (Cohen κ and Gwet AC2) and diagnostic performance testing used area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) values. Results A total of 116 adults (mean age, 45 years ± 15 [SD]; 74 men) who underwent arthroscopic surgery within 38 days ± 22 were evaluated. Overall image quality was better for DL superresolution MRI (median Likert score, 5; range, 3-5) than conventional MRI (median Likert score, 4; range, 3-5) (<i>P</i> < .001). Diagnostic performances of conventional versus DL superresolution MRI were similar for medial meniscus tears (AUC, 0.94 [95% CI: 0.89, 0.97] vs 0.94 [95% CI: 0.90, 0.98], respectively; <i>P</i> > .99), lateral meniscus tears (AUC, 0.85 [95% CI: 0.78, 0.91] vs 0.87 [95% CI: 0.81, 0.94], respectively; <i>P</i> = .96), and anterior cruciate ligament tears (AUC, 0.98 [95% CI: 0.93, >0.99] vs 0.98 [95% CI: 0.93, >0.99], respectively; <i>P</i> > .99). DL superresolution MRI (AUC, 0.78; 95% CI: 0.75, 0.81) had higher diagnostic performance than conventional MRI (AUC, 0.71; 95% CI: 0.67, 0.74; <i>P</i> = .002) for articular cartilage lesions. DL superresolution MRI did not introduce hallucinations or erroneously omit abnormalities. Conclusion Compared with conventional SMSx2-PIx2-accelerated MRI, fourfold SMSx2-PIx2-accelerated DL superresolution MRI in the knee provided better image quality, similar performance for detecting meniscus and ligament tears, and improved performance for depicting articular cartilage lesions. © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Nevalainen in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e241249"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor's Recognition Awards.","authors":"Linda Moy","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243298","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e243298"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Advances in Management of Acute Isolated Extracranial Internal Carotid Artery Occlusions.","authors":"Badih Junior Daou, Neeraj Chaudhary","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243753","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e243753"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}