Radiology最新文献

{"title":"Low-Dose CT of the Chest: Is High-Risk Population Screening for Both Lung Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease Possible?","authors":"Cristina Fuss","doi":"10.1148/radiol.250215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.250215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 2","pages":"e250215"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Care: Managing Small Late-Recurrence Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Image-guided Therapy.","authors":"Maxime Ronot","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243768","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 2","pages":"e243768"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Infection and Coronary Plaque Progression: An Early Warning of a Potential Public Health Crisis.","authors":"Jonathan R Weir-McCall, Jack S Bell","doi":"10.1148/radiol.243767","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.243767","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 2","pages":"e243767"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Leadership Primer.","authors":"Robert I Grossman","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.242560","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 2","pages":"e242560"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Practical Guide for US and MR for Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","authors":"Vincent Mellnick, Katerina S Konstantinoff","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242881","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.242881","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 2","pages":"e242881"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gadoxetic Acid-enhanced MRI Scoring Model to Predict Pathologic Features of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Kun Zhang, Kan He, Lei Zhang, Wen-Cui Li, Shuang-Shuang Xie, Ying-Zhu Cui, Li-Ying Lin, Zhi-Wei Shen, Shuang Xia, Xiao-Min Su, Hui-Mao Zhang, Zhao-Xiang Ye, Wen Shen","doi":"10.1148/radiol.233229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.233229","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Prediction of high-risk pathologic features such as microvascular invasion (MVI), poorly differentiated pathologic grade (poor PG), and satellite nodules (SNs) has significant clinical value, as these features are associated with early recurrence and metastasis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Purpose To develop and validate a preoperative scoring model using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI features for noninvasive prediction of HCC high-risk pathologic features and early recurrence. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included consecutive patients with HCC who underwent preoperative gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI at three centers (one training dataset and two external validation datasets) between January 2014 and January 2021. The preoperative imaging characteristics of each patient were evaluated via multivariable logistic regression, using surgical specimen pathologic evaluation as the reference standard, for prediction of MVI, poor PG, and SNs. In the training dataset, eight intratumoral features, three peritumoral features, and three laboratory indicators were initially evaluated. A scoring model was developed based on the results of the logistic regression, with the following imaging features demonstrating significant independent association with high-risk pathologic features: diameter greater than 4.0 cm, irregular morphology, intratumoral arteries, peritumoral enhancement in the arterial phase, and low peritumoral signal intensity. The resulting score, called the Image score (I-score), to predict early recurrence of HCC in patients was further validated in an outcome dataset. Results A total of 366 patients (median age, 57 years [IQR, 49-64 years]; 314 men, 52 women) from the three centers were included in the training dataset (<i>n</i> = 150), two external validation datasets (<i>n</i> = 73 and 56), and outcome dataset (<i>n</i> = 87). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the I-score for predicting high-risk pathologic features was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.97) in the training dataset and 0.86 (95% CI: 0.76, 0.93) and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.92) in the two external datasets. In the outcome dataset, the I-score was an independent predictor of early recurrence (hazard ratio, 5.2 [95% CI: 1.9, 14.2]; <i>P</i> = .002). A combined model including the I-score and two other predictors demonstrated superior prognostic performance (C index, 0.84 [95% CI: 0.74, 0.91]). Conclusion The developed scoring model based on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI enabled noninvasive preoperative prediction of HCC high-risk pathologic features and early recurrence. © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 2","pages":"e233229"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative Chest CT Myosteatosis Indicates Worse Postoperative Survival in Stage 0-IIB Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.","authors":"Lea Mantz, Nathaniel D Mercaldo, Judit Simon, Philipp Kaess, Kai Yang, Anna-Sophia W Dietrich, P Erik Tonnesen, Amelie S Troschel, J Peter Marquardt, Daniel A Sehi, Cylen Javidan, Jonathan H Chung, Henning A Gaissert, Mark K Ferguson, Florian J Fintelmann","doi":"10.1148/radiol.240282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.240282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Skeletal muscle density (SMD) and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) are myosteatosis markers. The prognostic value of myosteatosis markers in preoperative risk stratification of patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown. Purpose To assess whether increased myosteatosis markers at chest CT before lung resection of early-stage NSCLC are associated with and predictive of worse overall survival (OS). Materials and Methods This retrospective cohort study included patients with stage 0-IIB NSCLC who underwent lobectomy or bilobectomy at three hospitals between 2014 and 2017. The indexes (cross-sectional area [in centimeters squared] divided by height [in meters squared]) and densities (mean attenuation [in Hounsfield units]) of skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and IMAT were assessed at CT at the level of the 12th thoracic vertebral body via semiautomated threshold-based segmentation. Associations of SMD and the IMAT index with OS were evaluated via separate Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for skeletal muscle index, SAT index, SAT density, and relevant confounders. The ability of indexes and densities to predict OS was explored with penalized Cox proportional hazards models and internally validated concordance statistics. Results Among 838 patients (median age, 68 years [IQR, 61-74 years]; 475 [56.7%] female patients), 219 died after a median follow-up of 5.3 years (IQR, 3.0-6.4 years). Increased myosteatosis, represented by decreased SMD and an increased IMAT index, was associated with worse OS (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.87 [95% CI: 0.80, 0.93]; <i>P</i> < .001 and adjusted hazard ratio, 1.24 [95% CI: 1.12, 1.37]; <i>P</i> < .001, respectively). There was no evidence of an association between OS and skeletal muscle index, SAT index, and SAT density. The predictive performance (concordance) increased from 0.723 (95% CI: 0.686, 0.753) to 0.731 (95% CI: 0.692, 0.762) after including myosteatosis markers. Conclusion Increased thoracic myosteatosis markers were associated with worse OS after lobectomy or bilobectomy of stage 0-IIB NSCLC, independent of skeletal muscle index, SAT index, and SAT density, and improved OS prediction. © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i></p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 2","pages":"e240282"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143391640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seven-minute MRI Protocol of the Shoulder: Ready for Routine Use.","authors":"Michael J Tuite","doi":"10.1148/radiol.242895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.242895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 2","pages":"e242895"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143441872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning to Simulate Contrast-Enhanced MRI for Evaluating Suspected Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Hongyan Huang, Junyang Mo, Zhiguang Ding, Xuehua Peng, Ruihao Liu, Danping Zhuang, Yuzhong Zhang, Genwen Hu, Bingsheng Huang, Yingwei Qiu","doi":"10.1148/radiol.240238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.240238","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Multiparametric MRI, including contrast-enhanced sequences, is recommended for evaluating suspected prostate cancer, but concerns have been raised regarding potential contrast agent accumulation and toxicity. Purpose To evaluate the feasibility of generating simulated contrast-enhanced MRI from noncontrast MRI sequences using deep learning and to explore their potential value for assessing clinically significant prostate cancer using Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) version 2.1. Materials and Methods Male patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent multiparametric MRI were retrospectively included from three centers from April 2020 to April 2023. A deep learning model (pix2pix algorithm) was trained to synthesize contrast-enhanced MRI scans from four noncontrast MRI sequences (T1-weighted imaging, T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and apparent diffusion coefficient maps) and then tested on an internal and two external datasets. The reference standard for model training was the second postcontrast phase of the dynamic contrast-enhanced sequence. Similarity between simulated and acquired contrast-enhanced images was evaluated using the multiscale structural similarity index. Three radiologists independently scored T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI with either simulated or acquired contrast-enhanced images using PI-RADS, version 2.1; agreement was assessed with Cohen κ. Results A total of 567 male patients (mean age, 66 years ± 11 [SD]) were divided into a training test set (<i>n</i> = 244), internal test set (<i>n</i> = 104), external test set 1 (<i>n</i> = 143), and external test set 2 (<i>n</i> = 76). Simulated and acquired contrast-enhanced images demonstrated high similarity (multiscale structural similarity index: 0.82, 0.71, and 0.69 for internal test set, external test set 1, and external test set 2, respectively) with excellent reader agreement of PI-RADS scores (Cohen κ, 0.96; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.98). When simulated contrast-enhanced imaging was added to biparametric MRI, 34 of 323 (10.5%) patients were upgraded to PI-RADS 4 from PI-RADS 3. Conclusion It was feasible to generate simulated contrast-enhanced prostate MRI using deep learning. The simulated and acquired contrast-enhanced MRI scans exhibited high similarity and demonstrated excellent agreement in assessing clinically significant prostate cancer based on PI-RADS, version 2.1. © RSNA, 2025 <i>Supplemental material is available for this article.</i> See also the editorial by Neji and Goh in this issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e240238"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142979743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic CT Demonstrates Multiple Enchondromas in Ollier Syndrome.","authors":"Pranjal Rai, Amit Kumar Janu","doi":"10.1148/radiol.241650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.241650","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20896,"journal":{"name":"Radiology","volume":"314 1","pages":"e241650"},"PeriodicalIF":12.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142954072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}