Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Graded changes in local functional connectivity of the cerebral cortex in young people with depression.","authors":"Alec J Jamieson, Christopher G Davey, Jesus Pujol, Laura Blanco-Hinojo, Ben J Harrison","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is marked by significant changes to the local synchrony of spontaneous neural activity across various brain regions. However, many methods for assessing this local connectivity use fixed or arbitrary neighborhood sizes, resulting in a decreased capacity to capture smooth changes to the spatial gradient of local correlations. A newly developed method sensitive to classical anatomo-functional boundaries, Iso-Distant Average Correlation (IDAC), was therefore used to examine depression associated alterations to the local functional connectivity of the brain.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>One-hundred and forty-seven adolescents and young adults with MDD and 94 healthy controls underwent a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scan. Whole-brain functional connectivity maps of intracortical neural activity within iso-distant local areas (5-10, 15-20, and 25-30 mm) were generated to characterize local fMRI signal similarities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all spatial distances, MDD participants demonstrated greater local functional connectivity of the bilateral posterior hippocampus, retrosplenial cortex, dorsal insula, fusiform gyrus, and supplementary motor area. Local connectivity alterations in short and medium distances (5-10 and 15-20 mm) in the mid insula cortex were additionally associated with expressive suppression use, independent of depressive symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study identified increased synchrony of the neural activity in several regions commonly implicated in the neurobiology of depression. These effects were relatively consistent across the three distances examined. Longitudinal investigation of this altered local connectivity will clarify whether these differences are also found in other age groups and if this relationship is modified by increased disease chronicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e88"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143650035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression in pregnancy and postpartum: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lu Ou, Quan Shen, Meili Xiao, Weihong Wang, Tan He, Binglu Wang","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression varies greatly between research studies, making it difficult to understand and estimate the magnitude of this problem. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide up-to-date information on the global prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression in pregnant and postpartum women and to further investigate the sources of heterogeneity. Systematic searches of eight electronic databases were conducted for original studies published from inception to December 10, 2024. We selected studies that directly reported prevalence data on co-morbid anxiety and depression during the perinatal periods. We extracted data from published study reports and calculated the pooled prevalence of symptoms of co-morbid anxiety and depression. There are 122 articles involving 560,736 women from 43 different countries included in this review. The global prevalence of co-morbid anxiety and depression during the perinatal period was about 9% (95%CI 8%-10%), with approximately 9% (95%CI 8%-11%) in pregnant women and 8% (95%CI 7%-10%) in postpartum women. Prevalence varied significantly by the assessment time points, study country, study design, and the assessment tool used for anxiety and depression, while prevalence was not dependent on publication year, country income level, and COVID-19 context. No publication bias was observed for this prevalence rate. These findings suggest that approximately 1 in 10 women experience co-morbid anxiety and depression during pregnancy and postpartum. Targeted action is needed to reduce this burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e84"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What clinicians should know about the contribution of modern behavioral genetics to psychiatric problems.","authors":"Robert Plomin, Evangelos Vassos","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e83"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testing syndemic models along pathways to psychotic spectrum disorder: implications for population-level preventive interventions.","authors":"Yamin Zhang, Jeremy Coid","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000455","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Population-level preventive interventions are urgently needed and may be effective for psychosis due to social determinants. We tested three syndemic models along pathways from childhood adversity (CA) to psychotic spectrum disorder (PSD) and their implications for prevention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional data from 7461 British men surveyed in 5 population subgroups. We tested interactions on both additive and multiplicative scales for a syndemic of violence/criminality (VC), sexual behavior (SH), and substance misuse (SM) according to the presence of CA and adult traumatic life events; mediation analysis of path models; and partial least squares path modeling, with PSD as outcome.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiplicative synergistic interactions were found between VC, SH, and SM among men, who experienced CA and traumatic adult life events. However, when disaggregated, only SM mediated the pathway from CA to PSD. Path modeling showed traumatic life events acted on PSD through the syndemic and had no direct effect on PSD. Higher syndemic scores and living in areas of deprivation characterized men with PSD and CA.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support a broad division of PSD into cases due to (i) biological/inherent causes, and (ii) social determinants, the latter including a syndemic pathway determined by CA. Preventive strategies should focus primarily on preventing adverse effects of CA on developmental pathways which result in PSD. Single component prevention strategies may prevent triggering effects of SM on PSD during adolescence/early adulthood among vulnerable individuals due to CA. Future research should determine applicability and transferability of interventions based on these findings to different populations, specifically those experiencing syndemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e85"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143616892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between internet-use-disorder symptoms and loneliness: a systematic review and meta-analysis with a categorical approach.","authors":"Gemma Mestre-Bach, Ursula Paiva, Leyre San Martín Iniguez, Marta Beranuy, María Martín-Vivar, Nuria Mallorquí-Bagué, Enrique Normand, María Contreras Chicote, Marc N Potenza, Gonzalo Arrondo","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Loneliness may lead individuals to spend more time on the internet and increase the likelihood of experiencing internet-use disorders. Similarly, individuals with internet-use disorders may feel lonelier. In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, pre-registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023390483), we quantified associations between internet-use-disorder symptoms (e.g. internet gaming disorder and online gambling disorder) and loneliness. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and an institutional database aggregator for references that compared degrees of loneliness in groups of individuals with and without symptoms of internet-use disorder. Means and standard deviations of loneliness, or alternatively, odds ratios, were transformed into Cohen's d for statistical pooling through a random-effects model. After screening 2,369 reports, we extracted data from 23 studies. The total number of individuals across the studies was 36,484. Participants were between 13 and 30 years of age (median 20). The pooled difference between those with and without internet-use-disorder symptoms yielded a standardized effect (Cohen's d) of 0.53 (95% CI 0.35-0.7). While heterogeneity was high, there was no indication of publication or small sample biases. Similar effect sizes were found when limiting to specific types of internet-use disorder symptoms. Moreover, meta-regressions did not show an effect of age, sex, or sample size. Individuals with symptoms of internet-use disorders scored 49.35 (43.84-54.85) points on the UCLA-Loneliness scale on average, compared to 43.78 (37.47-50.08) in individuals without symptoms of internet-use disorders (Standardized Mean Difference: 5.18, 95% CI = 2.05-8.34). Individuals with internet-use-disorder symptoms experience greater loneliness. The effect appears moderately sized.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e77"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterising symptomatic substates in individuals on the psychosis continuum: a hidden Markov modelling approach.","authors":"Isabelle Scott, Emmeke Aarts, Cassandra Wannan, Caroline X Gao, Scott Clark, Simon Hartmann, Josh Nguyen, Blake Cavve, Jessica A Hartmann, Dominic Dwyer, Sara van der Tuin, Esdras Raposo de Almeida, Ashleigh Lin, G Paul Amminger, Andrew Thompson, Stephen J Wood, Alison R Yung, David van den Berg, Patrick D McGorry, Johanna T W Wigman, Barnaby Nelson","doi":"10.1017/S003329172500056X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S003329172500056X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To improve early intervention and personalise treatment for individuals early on the psychosis continuum, a greater understanding of symptom dynamics is required. We address this by identifying and evaluating the movement between empirically derived attenuated psychotic symptomatic substates-clusters of symptoms that occur within individuals over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data came from a 90-day daily diary study evaluating attenuated psychotic and affective symptoms. The sample included 96 individuals aged 18-35 on the psychosis continuum, divided into four subgroups of increasing severity based on their psychometric risk of psychosis, with the fourth meeting ultra-high risk (UHR) criteria. A multilevel hidden Markov modelling (HMM) approach was used to characterise and determine the probability of switching between symptomatic substates. Individual substate trajectories and time spent in each substate were subsequently assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four substates of increasing psychopathological severity were identified: (1) low-grade affective symptoms with negligible psychotic symptoms; (2) low levels of nonbizarre ideas with moderate affective symptoms; (3) low levels of nonbizarre ideas and unusual thought content, with moderate affective symptoms; and (4) moderate levels of nonbizarre ideas, unusual thought content, and affective symptoms. Perceptual disturbances predominantly occurred within the third and fourth substates. UHR individuals had a reduced probability of switching out of the two most severe substates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that individuals reporting unusual thought content, rather than nonbizarre ideas in isolation, may exhibit symptom dynamics with greater psychopathological severity. Individuals at a higher risk of psychosis exhibited persistently severe symptom dynamics, indicating a potential reduction in psychological flexibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e82"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infraslow fluctuations of sustained attention in mood disorders.","authors":"Tommaso Viola, Quoc C Vuong, Stuart Watson, Richard J Porter, Allan H Young, Peter Gallagher","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sustained attention is integral to goal-directed tasks in everyday life. It is a demanding and effortful process prone to failure. Deficits are particularly prevalent in mood disorders. However, conventional methods of assessment, rooted in overall measures of performance, neglect the nuanced temporal dimensions inherent in sustained attention, necessitating alternative analytical approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study investigated sustained attention deficits and temporal patterns of attentional fluctuation in a large clinical cohort of patients with bipolar depression (BPd, <i>n</i> = 33), bipolar euthymia (BPe, <i>n</i> = 84), major depression (MDd, <i>n</i> = 38) and controls (HC, <i>n</i> = 138) using a continuous performance task (CPT). Longitudinal and spectral analyses were employed to examine trial-level reaction time (RT) data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Longitudinal analysis revealed a significant worsening of performance over time (vigilance decrement) in BPd, whilst spectral analysis unveiled attentional fluctuations concentrated in the frequency range of 0.077 Hz (1/12.90 s)-0.049 Hz (1/20.24 s), with BPd and MDd demonstrating greater spectral power compared to BPe and controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although speculative, the increased variability in this frequency range may have an association with the dysfunctional activity of the Default Mode Network, which has been shown to oscillate at a similar timescale. These findings underscore the importance of considering the temporal dimensions of sustained attention and show the potential of spectral analysis of RT in future clinical research.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e81"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic factors associated with self-reported antidepressant response outcomes in the UK Biobank.","authors":"Michelle Kamp, Chris Wai Hang Lo, Grigorios Kokkinidis, Mimansa Chauhan, Alexandra C Gillett, Andrew M McIntosh, Oliver Pain, Cathryn M Lewis","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000388","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In major depressive disorder (MDD), only ~35% achieve remission after first-line antidepressant therapy. Using UK Biobank data, we identify sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic predictors of antidepressant response through self-reported outcomes, aiming to inform personalized treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In UK Biobank Mental Health Questionnaire 2, participants with MDD reported whether specific antidepressants helped them. We tested whether retrospective lifetime response to four selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (<i>N</i> = 19,516) - citalopram (<i>N</i> = 8335), fluoxetine (<i>N</i> = 8476), paroxetine (<i>N</i> = 2297) and sertraline (<i>N</i> = 5883) - was associated with sociodemographic (e.g. age, gender) and clinical factors (e.g. episode duration). Genetic analyses evaluated the association between CYP2C19 variation and self-reported response, while polygenic score (PGS) analysis assessed whether genetic predisposition to psychiatric disorders and antidepressant response predicted self-reported SSRI outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>71%-77% of participants reported positive responses to SSRIs. Non-response was significantly associated with alcohol and illicit drug use (OR = 1.59, <i>p</i> = 2.23 × 10^-20), male gender (OR = 1.25, <i>p</i> = 8.29 × 10^-08), and lower-income (OR = 1.35, <i>p</i> = 4.22 × 10^-07). The worst episode lasting over 2 years (OR = 1.93, <i>p</i> = 3.87 × 10^-16) and no mood improvement from positive events (OR = 1.35, <i>p</i> = 2.37 × 10^-07) were also associated with non-response. CYP2C19 poor metabolizers had nominally higher non-response rates (OR = 1.31, <i>p</i> = 1.77 × 10^-02). Higher PGS for depression (OR = 1.08, <i>p</i> = 3.37 × 10^-05) predicted negative SSRI outcomes after multiple testing corrections.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Self-reported antidepressant response in the UK Biobank is influenced by sociodemographic, clinical, and genetic factors, mirroring clinical response measures. While positive outcomes are more frequent than remission reported in clinical trials, these self-reports replicate known treatment associations, suggesting they capture meaningful aspects of antidepressant effectiveness from the patient's perspective.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e80"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-scale evidence of a general disease ('<i>d</i>') factor accounting for both mental and physical health disorders in different age groups.","authors":"Hongyi Sun, Hannah Carr, Miguel Garcia-Argibay, Samuele Cortese, Marco Solmi, Dennis Golm, Valerie Brandt","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is unknown whether there is a general factor that accounts for the propensity for both physical and mental conditions in different age groups and how it is associated with lifestyle and well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed health conditions data from the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) (age = 17; N = 19,239), the National Child Development Study (NCDS) (age = 44; N = 9293), and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) (age ≥ 50; N = 7585). The fit of three Confirmatory Factor models was used to select the optimal solution by Comparative Fit Index, Tucker-Lewis Index, and Root Mean Square Error of Approximation. The relationship among <i>d</i> factor, lifestyles, and well-being was further explored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Supporting the existence of the <i>d</i> factor, the bi-factor model showed the best model fit in 17-year-olds (MCS:CFI = 0.97, TFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.01), 44-year-olds (NCDS:CFI = 0.96, TFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.02), and 50+ year-olds (ELSA:CFI = 0.97, TFI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.02). The <i>d</i> factor scores significantly correlated with lifestyle and well-being, suggesting healthier lifestyles were associated with a reduced likelihood of physical and mental health comorbidities, which in turn improved well-being.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Contrary to the traditional dichotomy between mental and physical conditions, our study showed a general factor underlying the comorbidity across mental and physical diseases, related to lifestyle and well-being. Our results inform the conceptualization of mental and physical illness as well as future research assessing risk and pathways of disease transmission, intervention, and prevention. Our results also provide a strong rationale for a systematic screening for mental disorders in individuals with physical conditions and vice versa, and for integrated services addressing multimorbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e78"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use and suicide in people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal, case control, and cross-sectional studies.","authors":"Lee D Mulligan, Filippo Varese, Kamelia Harris, Gillian Haddock","doi":"10.1017/S0033291725000236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291725000236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabis use is highly prevalent in people with schizophrenia and is related to adverse clinical outcomes, including relapse and hospitalization. However, the relationship between cannabis and suicide remains inconclusive. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the relationship between cannabis use and suicide-related outcomes in people with schizophrenia. A comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO for cross-sectional, case-control, and longitudinal studies was conducted using search terms from database inception to November 2024 inclusive. Computation of odds ratios (ORs) and hazard ratios (HRs) was performed using random effects models with DerSimonian-Laird estimation. All studies were appraised for quality. We also evaluated heterogeneity, publication bias and performed sub-group analyses and meta-regression. Twenty-nine studies comprising 36 samples met eligibility criteria. Cannabis use was not associated with odds of suicide death or suicidal ideation but was associated with risks of suicide death (HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.04 - 1.40) and odds of attempted suicide (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.16 - 1.68). While between-sample heterogeneity was moderate in analyses of attempted suicide (<i>I</i>² = 39.6%, <i>p</i> = 0.03), there was no publication bias. Summary effects remained significant in most sub-groups, but just failed to reach significance in longitudinal studies of attempted suicide (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 0.97 - 1.68) and studies investigating first episode samples (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.99 - 1.55). Cannabis use is significantly associated with some, but not all, suicide-related outcomes in people with schizophrenia. More work is needed to examine potential mechanisms of significant relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":"55 ","pages":"e79"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143586561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}