Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparative efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy and antidepressant medication for adult depression: a systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis.","authors":"Zachary D Cohen, Jasmijn Breunese, John C Markowitz, Erica S Weitz, Steven D Hollon, Dillon T Browne, Paola Rucci, Carolina Corda, Marco Menchetti, Myrna M Weissman, R Michael Bagby, Lena C Quilty, Marc B J Blom, Mario Altamura, Ingo Zobel, Elisabeth Schramm, Carlos Gois, Jos W R Twisk, Frederik J Wienicke, Pim Cuijpers, Ellen Driessen","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724001788","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724001788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) and antidepressant medications are both first-line interventions for adult depression, but their relative efficacy in the long term and on outcome measures other than depressive symptomatology is unknown. Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analyses can provide more precise effect estimates than conventional meta-analyses. This IPD meta-analysis compared the efficacy of IPT and antidepressants on various outcomes at post-treatment and follow-up (PROSPERO: CRD42020219891). A systematic literature search conducted May 1st, 2023 identified randomized trials comparing IPT and antidepressants in acute-phase treatment of adults with depression. Anonymized IPD were requested and analyzed using mixed-effects models. The prespecified primary outcome was post-treatment depression symptom severity. Secondary outcomes were all post-treatment and follow-up measures assessed in at least two studies. IPD were obtained from 9 of 15 studies identified (<i>N</i> = 1536/1948, 78.9%). No significant comparative treatment effects were found on post-treatment measures of depression (<i>d</i> = 0.088, <i>p</i> = 0.103, N = 1530) and social functioning (<i>d</i> = 0.026, <i>p</i> = 0.624, <i>N</i> = 1213). In smaller samples, antidepressants performed slightly better than IPT on post-treatment measures of general psychopathology (<i>d</i> = 0.276, <i>p</i> = 0.023, <i>N</i> = 307) and dysfunctional attitudes (<i>d</i> = 0.249, <i>p</i> = 0.029, <i>N</i> = 231), but not on any other secondary outcomes, nor at follow-up. This IPD meta-analysis is the first to examine the acute and longer-term efficacy of IPT <i>v</i>. antidepressants on a broad range of outcomes. Depression treatment trials should routinely include multiple outcome measures and follow-up assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the severity of core symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in females and males.","authors":"Susan Young, Omer Uysal, Jennifer Kahle, Gisli H Gudjonsson, Jack Hollingdale, Samuele Cortese, Ayse Sakalli-Kani, Ben Greer, Kelly Cocallis, Nicole Sylver, Ugur Eser Yilmaz, Bengi Semerci, Ozge Kilic","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724001600","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724001600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the past decade, there have been substantial changes in diagnostic nomenclature. This study investigated sex differences in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptom severity based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-IV, DSM-IV(TR), and DSM-5 criteria, separating rating scale and clinical interview data in children and adults with ADHD. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for published studies (1996-2021) reporting severity of attention, and hyperactivity/impulsivity in males and females. We compared data: (1) across the entire lifespan aggregating rating scale and clinical interview data (51 studies), (2) drawing solely on rating scale data (18 studies), and (3) drawing solely on clinical interview data (33 studies). Fifty-two studies met inclusion criteria comparing data for females (<i>n</i> = 8423) and males (<i>n</i> = 9985) with ADHD across childhood and/or adulthood. In total, 15 meta-analyses were conducted. Pooled data across the lifespan aggregating both rating scale and clinical diagnostic interview data, showed males had significantly more severe hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms than females. Rating scale data were similar; boys had significantly more severe hyperactivity/impulsivity than girls. In adulthood, men were rated to have significantly more severe inattention than women with no difference in the hyperactivity/impulsivity dimension. All significant differences were of small effect size. No significant sex differences in the severity of symptoms emerged for clinical interview data for children or adults, in contrast. Possible reasons for the discrepancy in findings between rating scales and clinical diagnostic interviews are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578919/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in inhibitory neuron subtype-selective transcripts in the prefrontal cortex: comparisons across schizophrenia and mood disorders.","authors":"Takeshi Okuda, Sohei Kimoto, Rika Kawabata, Yufan Bian, Makoto Tsubomoto, Kazuya Okamura, John F Enwright, Mitsuru Kikuchi, David A Lewis, Takanori Hashimoto","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002344","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002344","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In schizophrenia (SZ), impairments in cognitive functions, such as working memory, have been associated with alterations in certain types of inhibitory neurons that utilize the neurotransmitter <i>γ</i>-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). For example, GABA neurons that express parvalbumin (PV) or somatostatin (SST) have more prominent gene expression alterations than those that express vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). In bipolar disorder (BD) and major depression (MD), which exhibit similar, but less severe, cognitive impairments than SZ, alterations of transcript levels in GABA neurons have also been reported. However, the extent to which GABA neuron subtype-selective transcripts in the DLPFC are affected, and the relative magnitudes of the diagnosis-associated effects, have not been directly compared across SZ, BD, and MD in the same study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used quantitative polymerase chain reaction to examine levels of GABA neuron subtype-selective transcripts (PV, potassium voltage-gated channel modifier subfamily-S member-3, SST, VIP, and calretinin mRNAs), as well as the pan-GABA neuron marker 67 kDa glutamate decarboxylase mRNA, in DLPFC total gray matter of 160 individuals, including those with SZ, BD, or MD and unaffected comparison (UC) individuals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to UC individuals, individuals with SZ exhibited large deficits in levels of all transcripts except for calretinin mRNA, whereas individuals with BD or MD showed a marked deficit only for PV or SST mRNAs, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that broader and more severe alterations in DLPFC GABA neurons might contribute to the greater cognitive impairments in SZ relative to BD and MD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring loneliness: a head-to-head psychometric comparison of the 3- and 20-item UCLA Loneliness Scales.","authors":"Corentin J Gosling, Romain Colle, Ariane Cartigny, Fabrice Jollant, Emmanuelle Corruble, Ariel Frajerman","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002083","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the growing interest in the prevalence and consequences of loneliness, the way it is measured still raises a number of questions. In particular, few studies have directly compared the psychometric properties of very short measures of loneliness to standard measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a large epidemiological study of midwife students (<i>n</i> = 1742) and performed a head-to-head comparison of the psychometric properties of the standard (20 items) and short version (3 items) of the UCLA Loneliness Scales (UCLA-LS). All participants completed the UCLA-LS-20, UCLA-LS-3, as well as other measures of mental health, including anxiety and depression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>First, as predicted, we found that the two loneliness scales were strongly associated with each other. Second, when using the dimensional scores of the scales, we showed that the internal reliability, convergent-, discriminant-, and known-groups validities were high and of similar magnitude between the UCLA-LS-20 and the UCLA-LS-3. Third, when the scales were dichotomized, the results were more mixed. The sensitivity and/or specificity of the UCLA-LS-3 against the UCLA-LS-20 were systematically below acceptable thresholds, regardless of the dichotomizing process used. In addition, the prevalence of loneliness was strikingly variable as a function of the cut-offs used.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, we showed that the UCLA-LS-3 provided an adequate dimensional measure of loneliness that is very similar to the UCLA-LS-20. On the other hand, we were able to highlight more marked differences between the scales when their scores were dichotomized, which has important consequences for studies estimating, for example, the prevalence of loneliness.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578901/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harsh parenting, amygdala functional connectivity changes across childhood, and behavioral problems.","authors":"Yuna Koyama, Henning Tiemeier, Pei Huang, Shi Yu Chan, Mioko Sudo, Yena Kyeong, Michael Meaney, Peipei Setoh, Ai Peng Tan","doi":"10.1017/S003329172400196X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S003329172400196X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Harsh parenting in early childhood is related to offspring's adverse behavioral outcomes. Due to the scarcity of longitudinal neuroimaging data, few studies have explored the neurobiological underpinnings of this association, focusing on within-person variability. This study examined the temporal associations among harsh parenting, later behavioral problems, and the developmental trajectories of amygdala volume and amygdala resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) profiles, using longitudinal neuroimaging data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was embedded in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort. T1-weighted (296 children, 642 scans) and resting-state functional scans (256 children, 509 scans) were collected at ages 4.5, 6, 7.5, and 10.5 years. Amygdala volume and RSFC between the amygdala and six brain regions that have leading roles in emotional regulation were extracted. Harsh parenting at 4.5 years and child behavioral problems at 10.5 years were assessed via parent-report questionnaires. Linear regression and linear mixed models were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Harsh parenting was associated with more severe externalizing problems in girls (<i>β</i> = 0.24, 95% CI 0.08-0.40) but not boys (<i>p</i>_int = 0.07). In the overall sample, harsh parenting was associated with the developmental trajectories of amygdala-ACC, amygdala-OFC, and amygdala-DLPFC RSFC. In addition, the developmental trajectory of amygdala-ACC RSFC mediated the harsh parenting-externalizing problems association in girls (indirect effect = 0.06, 95% CI 0.01-0.14).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Harsh parenting in early childhood was associated with amygdala neurocircuitry development and behavioral problems. The developmental trajectory of amygdala-ACC RSFC is a potential neural mechanism linking harsh parenting and externalizing problems in girls.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delirium risk and mortality in people with pre-existing severe mental illness: a retrospective cohort study using linked datasets in England.","authors":"Yehudit Bauernfreund, Naomi Launders, Graziella Favarato, Joseph F Hayes, David Osborn, Elizabeth L Sampson","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002484","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002484","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Delirium is a severe neuropsychiatric syndrome caused by physical illness, associated with high mortality. Understanding risk factors for delirium is key to targeting prevention and screening. Whether severe mental illness (SMI) predisposes people to delirium is not known. We aimed to establish whether pre-existing SMI diagnosis is associated with higher risk of delirium diagnosis and mortality following delirium diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort and nested case-control study using linked primary and secondary healthcare databases from 2000-2017. We identified people diagnosed with SMI, matched to non-SMI comparators. We compared incidence of delirium diagnoses between people with SMI diagnoses and comparators, and between SMI subtypes; schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and 'other psychosis'. We compared 30-day mortality following a hospitalisation involving delirium between people with SMI diagnoses and comparators, and between SMI subtypes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 20 566 people with SMI diagnoses, matched to 71 374 comparators. Risk of delirium diagnosis was higher for all SMI subtypes, with a higher risk conferred by SMI in the under 65-year group, (aHR:7.65, 95% CI 5.45-10.7, ⩾65-year group: aHR:3.35, 95% CI 2.77-4.05). Compared to people without SMI, people with an SMI diagnosis overall had no difference in 30-day mortality following a hospitalisation involving delirium (OR:0.66, 95% CI 0.38-1.14).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found an association between SMI and delirium diagnoses. People with SMI may be more vulnerable to delirium when in hospital than people without SMI. There are limitations to using electronic healthcare records and further prospective study is needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Affective disorders: eliminate WArning signs And REstore functioning: AWARE. Results from a randomized controlled multimodular intervention study targeting functioning in patients with affective disorders.","authors":"Rasmus Schwarz, Kamilla Woznica Miskowiak, Mie Skovmand Christensen, Lars Vedel Kessing, Maj Vinberg","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002526","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a compelling need for innovative intervention strategies for patients with affective disorders, given their increasing global prevalence and significant associated disability and impaired functioning. This study aimed to investigate whether a comprehensive multimodule individualized intervention (AWARE), targeting known mediators of functioning, improves functioning in affective disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>AWARE was a randomized, controlled, rater-blind clinical trial conducted at two centers in the Capital Region of Denmark (Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT04701827). Participants were adults with bipolar disorder or major depressive disorder and impaired functioning. Participants were randomized to the six-month AWARE intervention or treatment as usual (TAU). The AWARE intervention is based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) Brief Core Set for Bipolar and Unipolar Disorder.The primary outcome was observation-based functioning using the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS). Secondary outcomes were functioning, QoL, stress, and cognition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between February 2021 and January 2023, 103 patients were enrolled; 50 allocated to AWARE treatment and 53 to TAU (96 included in the full analysis set). There was no statistically significant differential change over time between groups in the primary outcome (AMPS), however, both groups showed a statistically significant improvement at endpoint. The AWARE intervention had a statistically significant effect compared with TAU on secondary outcomes of patient-reported functioning, stress and cognition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared with TAU, the AWARE intervention was ineffective at improving overall functioning on the primary outcome, presumably due to the short duration of the intervention. Further development of effective treatments targeting functioning is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic and molecular correlates of cortical thickness alterations in adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a transcription-neuroimaging association analysis - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Da Zhang, Changjun Teng, Yinhao Xu, Lei Tian, Ping Cao, Xiao Wang, Zonghong Li, Chengbin Guan, Xiao Hu","doi":"10.1017/S003329172400271X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S003329172400271X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578907/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142547059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality changes during adolescence predict young adult psychosis proneness and mediate gene-environment interplays of schizophrenia risk.","authors":"Linda A Antonucci, Alessandra Raio, Gianluca Christos Kikidis, Alessandro Bertolino, Antonio Rampino, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L W Bokde, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Andreas Heinz, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot, Eric Artiges, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Juliane H Fröhner, Michael N Smolka, Nilakshi Vaidya, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Catharina A Hartman, Giulio Pergola","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002198","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002198","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychotic symptoms in adolescence are associated with social adversity and genetic risk for schizophrenia. This gene-environment interplay may be mediated by personality, which also develops during adolescence. We hypothesized that (i) personality development predicts later Psychosis Proneness Signs (PPS), and (ii) personality traits mediate the association between genetic risk for schizophrenia, social adversities, and psychosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 784 individuals were selected within the IMAGEN cohort (Discovery Sample-DS: 526; Validation Sample-VS: 258); personality was assessed at baseline (13-15 years), follow-up-1 (FU1, 16-17 years), and FU2 (18-20 years). Latent growth curve models served to compute coefficients of individual change across 14 personality variables. A support vector machine algorithm employed these coefficients to predict PPS at FU3 (21-24 years). We computed mediation analyses, including personality-based predictions and self-reported bullying victimization as serial mediators along the pathway between polygenic risk score (PRS) for schizophrenia and FU3 PPS. We replicated the main findings also on 1132 adolescents recruited within the TRAILS cohort.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Growth scores in neuroticism and openness predicted PPS with 65.6% balanced accuracy in the DS, and 69.5% in the <i>VS</i> Mediations revealed a significant positive direct effect of PRS on PPS (confidence interval [CI] 0.01-0.15), and an indirect effect, serially mediated by personality-based predictions and victimization (CI 0.006-0.01), replicated in the TRAILS cohort (CI 0.0004-0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescent personality changes may predate future experiences associated with psychosis susceptibility. PPS personality-based predictions mediate the relationship between PRS and victimization toward adult PPS, suggesting that gene-environment correlations proposed for psychosis are partly mediated by personality.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood neglect is associated with alterations in neural prediction error signaling and the response to novelty.","authors":"Joseph Aloi, Kathleen I Crum, Karina S Blair, Ru Zhang, Johannah Bashford-Largo, Sahil Bajaj, Soonjo Hwang, Bruno B Averbeck, Nim Tottenham, Matthew Dobbertin, R James R Blair","doi":"10.1017/S0033291724002411","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0033291724002411","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>One in eight children experience early life stress (ELS), which increases risk for psychopathology. ELS, particularly neglect, has been associated with reduced responsivity to reward. However, little work has investigated the computational specifics of this disrupted reward response - particularly with respect to the neural response to Reward Prediction Errors (RPE) - a critical signal for successful instrumental learning - and the extent to which they are augmented to novel stimuli. The goal of the current study was to investigate the associations of abuse and neglect, and neural representation of RPE to novel and non-novel stimuli.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and seventy-eight participants (aged 10-18, <i>M</i> = 14.9, s.d. = 2.38) engaged in the Novelty task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. In this task, participants learn to choose novel or non-novel stimuli to win monetary rewards varying from $0 to $0.30 per trial. Levels of abuse and neglect were measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescents exposed to high levels of neglect showed reduced RPE-modulated blood oxygenation level dependent response within medial and lateral frontal cortices particularly when exploring novel stimuli (<i>p</i> < 0.05, corrected for multiple comparisons) relative to adolescents exposed to lower levels of neglect.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data expand on previous work by indicating that neglect, but not abuse, is associated with impairments in neural RPE representation within medial and lateral frontal cortices. However, there was no association between neglect and behavioral impairments on the Novelty task, suggesting that these neural differences do not necessarily translate into behavioral differences within the context of the Novelty task.</p>","PeriodicalId":20891,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11578899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}