Radiologia Brasileira最新文献

{"title":"Effects of antenatal corticosteroids on fetal hemodynamics: a longitudinal study.","authors":"Maria Claudia Bayão Carelli, Fernando Maia Peixoto-Filho, Luis Guillermo Coca Velarde, Renato Augusto Moreira de Sá, Viviane Monteiro, Edward Araujo Júnior","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0129","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the effect of antenatal corticosteroid administration on fetal hemodynamics using longitudinal analysis of Doppler waveforms in the umbilical artery (UA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective study that included 30 fetuses at risk for preterm birth. Twenty-eight pregnant women were treated with betamethasone for fetal lung maturation. Doppler examinations of the UA and MCA were performed once before and three or eight times after corticosteroid administration. We used a Bayesian hierarchical linear model. Reference ranges were constructed, and associations between variables (gestational age and pre-eclampsia) were tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean maternal age, gestational age at betamethasone administration, and gestational age at delivery were 32.6 ± 5.89 years, 30.2 ± 2.59 weeks, and 32.9 ± 3.42 weeks, respectively. On UA Doppler, there was a significant decrease in the pulsatility index (PI) after corticosteroid administration, with a mean of 0.1147 (credibility interval: 0.03687-0.191) in three observations and a median of 0.1437 (credibility interval: 0.02509-0.2627) in eight observations. However, there was no significant change in the Doppler MCA PI, regardless of gestational age and the presence or absence of pre-eclampsia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although antenatal corticosteroid administration induced a significant decrease in the Doppler UA PI, we observed no change in the cerebral vasculature.</p>","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235072/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy of an artificial intelligence algorithm for detecting moderate-to-severe vertebral compression fractures on abdominal and thoracic computed tomography scans.","authors":"Renata Fernandes Batista Pereira, Paulo Victor Partezani Helito, Renata Vidal Leão, Marcelo Bordalo Rodrigues, Marcos Felippe de Paula Correa, Felipe Veiga Rodrigues","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0102","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the accuracy of HealthVCF, a software product that uses artificial intelligence, in the detection of incidental moderate-to-severe vertebral compression fractures (VCFs) on chest and abdominal computed tomography scans.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We included a consecutive sample of 899 chest and abdominal computed tomography scans of patients 51-99 years of age. Scans were retrospectively evaluated by the software and by two specialists in musculoskeletal imaging for the presence of VCFs with vertebral body height loss > 25%. We compared the software analysis with that of a general radiologist, using the evaluation of the two specialists as the reference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The software showed a diagnostic accuracy of 89.6% (95% CI: 87.4-91.5%) for moderate-to-severe VCFs, with a sensitivity of 73.8%, a specificity of 92.7%, and a negative predictive value of 94.8%. Among the 145 positive scans detected by the software, the general radiologist failed to report the fractures in 62 (42.8%), and the algorithm detected additional fractures in 38 of those scans.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The software has good accuracy for the detection of moderate-to-severe VCFs, with high specificity, and can increase the opportunistic detection rate of VCFs by radiologists who do not specialize in musculoskeletal imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235064/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dark side of T2: central nervous system lesions with low signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging.","authors":"Pedro Carpentieri-Primo, Luiza Nahoum, Louise Almeida, Fernando Nacur, Sérgio Ferreira Alves Júnior, Nina Ventura","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0085-en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0085-en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The majority of central nervous system diseases show high signal intensity on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Diseases of the central nervous system with low signal intensity are less common, which makes it a finding that helps narrow the differential diagnosis. This was a retrospective analysis of brain and spine magnetic resonance imaging examinations in which that finding was helpful in the diagnostic investigation. We selected the cases of patients examined between 2015 and 2022. All diagnoses were confirmed on the basis of the clinical-radiological correlation or the histopathological findings. We obtained images of 14 patients with the following central nervous system diseases: arteriovenous malformation; cavernous malformation; metastasis from lymphoma; medulloblastoma; embryonal tumor; metastasis from melanoma; Rathke's cleft cyst; Erdheim-Chester disease; aspergillosis; paracoccidioidomycosis; tuberculosis; syphilis; immunoglobulin G4-related disease; and metastasis from a pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor. We described lesions of different etiologies in which the T2-weighted imaging profile helped narrow the differential diagnosis and facilitated the definitive diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding dose descriptors for computed tomography.","authors":"Mannudeep K Kalra, Lina Karout, Felipe de Moura Kiipper, Mônica Oliveira Bernardo","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0116","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235067/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Interstitial lung abnormalities\": translation to and use in Portuguese.","authors":"Tassia Regina Yamanari, Ricardo Valarelli Auad, Alexandre Dias Mançano, Marcel Koenigkam-Santos, Pablo Rydz Pinheiro Santana, Arthur Soares Souza Júnior, Rodrigo Caruso Chate, Marcio Valente Yamada Sawamura","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0114-en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0114-en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To conduct a survey on the use of the term \"interstitial lung abnormalities\" in radiology reports in Brazil, propose an appropriate Portuguese-language translation for the term, and provide a brief review of the literature on the topic.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A survey was sent via electronic message to various radiologists in Brazil, asking about their familiarity with the term, which translation of the term they use in Portuguese, and whether they use the criteria proposed by the Fleischner Society.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 163 responses were received, from all regions of Brazil. Although the vast majority (88%) of the respondents stated that they were familiar with the term \"interstitial lung abnormalities\", there was considerable variation regarding the equivalent term they used in Portuguese.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We suggest that the term \"anormalidades pulmonares intersticiais\" be used in order to standardize radiology reports and disseminate knowledge of these findings in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235071/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenges of balancing clinical and research responsibilities.","authors":"Nikolaos-Achilleas Arkoudis, Evgenia Efthymiou, Ornella Moschovaki-Zeiger, Christos Koutserimpas","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0119","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging in Brazil: an epidemiological study on the distribution of equipment and frequency of examinations, with comparisons between the public and private sectors.","authors":"Camila de Almeida Costa Alencar, Dante Claudino de Oliveira, Aylla Batista Moreira Teixeira, Lívia Maria Goes Lemos, Raquel Cristina Saldanha Quesado, Ionara Maria de Almeida Santos, Carolina Freitas Lins","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0094-en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0094-en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare information on highly complex radiological procedures-computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-between the public and private health care systems, across the five regions of Brazil, in terms of the numbers of radiological devices and examinations performed, between 2015 and 2021.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a descriptive time series analysis of secondary data in the public domain, available from the Information Technology Department of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System, an entity of the Brazilian National Ministry of Health (NMH) that is responsible for collecting and storing health-related information in Brazil. The analysis included the numbers of CT and MRI scanners; the volumes and types of examinations; the type of institution (public or private); the regions of the country; and the years (2015 to 2021).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Progressive increases in the numbers of CT and MRI devices, as well as in the volumes of examinations, were observed over the years in all regions of the country. The private sector showed higher rates of equipment acquisition and of growth in the number of examinations. However, the public health care system did not reach the equipment targets set by the NMH, whereas the private health care system surpassed those targets. A greater number of examinations were performed in the private sector than in the public sector.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During the period evaluated, the public health care system did not meet the equipment or examination targets recommended by the NMH, in any of the regions of the country, unlike the private health care system, which exceeded both in all of the regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230094en"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the indications for and results of breast cancer screening by magnetic resonance imaging at a cancer center in Brazil.","authors":"Karina Kuhl Zoghbi, Vinicius Cardona Felipe, Luciana Graziano, Camila Souza Guatelli, Juliana Alves de Souza, Almir Galvão Vieira Bitencourt","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0111-en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0111-en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the indications for and results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations for breast cancer screening at a cancer center in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This was a retrospective observational study, based on electronic medical records, of patients undergoing MRI for breast cancer screening at a cancer center in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 597 patients between 19 and 82 years of age. The main indications for MRI screening were a personal history of breast cancer, in 354 patients (59.3%), a family history of breast cancer, in 102 (17.1%), and a confirmed genetic mutation, in 67 (11.2%). The MRI result was classified, in accordance with the categories defined in the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System, as benign (category 1 or 2), in 425 patients (71.2%), probably benign (category 3), in 143 (24.0%), or suspicious (category 4 or 5), in 29 (4.9%). On MRI, 11 malignant tumors were identified, all of which were invasive carcinomas. Among those 11 carcinomas, six (54.5%) were categorized as minimal cancers (< 1 cm), and the axillary lymph nodes were negative in 10 (90.9%). The cancer detection rate was 18.4/1,000 examinations, and the positive predictive value for suspicious lesions submitted to biopsy was 37.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In our sample, the main indication for breast MRI screening was a personal history of breast cancer. The results indicate that MRI is a highly accurate method for the early detection of breast neoplasms in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230111en"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of ChatGPT on questions from the Brazilian College of Radiology annual resident evaluation test.","authors":"Cleverson Alex Leitão, Gabriel Lucca de Oliveira Salvador, Leda Maria Rabelo, Dante Luiz Escuissato","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0083-en","DOIUrl":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0083-en","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To test the performance of ChatGPT on radiology questions formulated by the Colégio Brasileiro de Radiologia (CBR, Brazilian College of Radiology), evaluating its failures and successes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>165 questions from the CBR annual resident assessment (2018, 2019, and 2022) were presented to ChatGPT. For statistical analysis, the questions were divided by the type of cognitive skills assessed (lower or higher order), by topic (physics or clinical), by subspecialty, by style (description of a clinical finding or sign, clinical management of a case, application of a concept, calculation/classification of findings, correlations between diseases, or anatomy), and by target academic year (all, second/third year, or third year only).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT answered 88 (53.3%) of the questions correctly. It performed significantly better on the questions assessing lower-order cognitive skills than on those assessing higher-order cognitive skills, providing the correct answer on 38 (64.4%) of 59 questions and on only 50 (47.2%) of 106 questions, respectively (<i>p</i> = 0.01). The accuracy rate was significantly higher for physics questions than for clinical questions, correct answers being provided for 18 (90.0%) of 20 physics questions and for 70 (48.3%) of 145 clinical questions (<i>p</i> = 0.02). There was no significant difference in performance among the subspecialties or among the academic years (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even without dedicated training in this field, ChatGPT demonstrates reasonable performance, albeit still insufficient for approval, on radiology questions formulated by the CBR.</p>","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"57 ","pages":"e20230083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11236413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prenatal diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome: current knowledge","authors":"N. Bravo-Valenzuela, E. Araujo Júnior","doi":"10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2023.0073","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is characterized by underdevelopment of the left-sided heart structures. The prenatal diagnosis of this congenital heart disease is crucial because a newborn with undiagnosed HLHS often presents with clinical signs of low cardiac output once the ductus arteriosus begins to close. With that in mind, the aim of this article was to perform a non-systematic review focusing on the key ultrasound features that can be used in the prenatal diagnosis of HLHS. Severe forms of HLHS are characterized by a markedly abnormal four-chamber view of the fetal heart (small left atrium, hypoplastic left ventricle, or abnormal mitral valve). The left ventricular outflow tract view allows the degree of hypoplasia in the tract to be evaluated and the diameter of the ascending aorta to be measured. The Z-scores are intended to aid in the diagnosis and follow-up of HLHS. In mild forms of HLHS, a right ventricle/left ventricle length ratio > 1.28 was the strongest predictor of a univentricular outcome.","PeriodicalId":20842,"journal":{"name":"Radiologia Brasileira","volume":"44 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}