{"title":"Waterborne multilayer coatings from cellulose nanocrystals and trimethyl chitosan-based particles for potential protective coating","authors":"Kritsadayut Lekjinda , Pruttipong Pantamanatsopa , Panya Sunintaboon , Sanong Ekgasit , Warunee Ariyawiriyanan","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We demonstrate novel waterborne nanocoatings by combining cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) and trimethyl chitosan (TMC)-based particles for multifunctional paper coating applications. CNCs were prepared through sulfuric acid hydrolysis of water hyacinth cellulose. TMC particles were produced through a green process using visible-light-induced surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. Surface-functionalized TMC particles were obtained through in-situ polymerization. These functionalized TMC particles can be designed with different core types (polymer, oil, and hollow) and shell types (anionic, cationic, and non-ionic polymers), each offering unique properties and functionalities. Notably, these hollow particles exhibited thermoresponsive shells and hollow cores, serving as reservoirs for encapsulating active compounds, such as fullerene C60, a model molecule for UV protection. Additionally, multilayer paper coatings were created using a layer-by-layer brush coating technique, incorporating aqueous dispersions of CNCs, TMC particles, and functionalized particles. A key focus of the study was the multifunctionality of TMC, which serves as a stabilizer for seed particle stabilization, a co-initiator in redox initiator systems (such as riboflavin/tertiary amine and <em>t</em>-butyl hydroperoxide/primary amine), and a cationic template for electrostatically attracting anionic molecules, including anionic monomers, CNCs, and the paper surface. The coated paper exhibited water resistance, enhanced mechanical strength, and UV–visible protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109173"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcel Roy B. Domalanta, Mark Rigel R. Ali, Reymark D. Maalihan, Eugene B. Caldona
{"title":"Accelerated corrosion assessment through the AC/DC/AC electrochemical method","authors":"Marcel Roy B. Domalanta, Mark Rigel R. Ali, Reymark D. Maalihan, Eugene B. Caldona","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corrosion poses a significant threat to global infrastructure and economic stability. Organic coatings are commonly used to protect metallic structures from environmental damage due to their cost-effectiveness. However, these coatings can degrade over time, developing micro-cracks that weaken their protective properties. To assess the effectiveness of organic coatings, various performance tests are conducted to study their properties and protective mechanisms. Among these, the AC/DC/AC or accelerated cyclic electrochemical technique is a promising accelerated electrochemical method for evaluating corrosion resistance. This method offers advantages over traditional techniques by speeding up the degradation more efficiently, providing valuable insights into coating long-term performance. This review explores the intricacies of the aggressive nature of the AC/DC/AC method, how it can be leveraged as an accelerated tool for unraveling the electrochemical behavior of the coating-metal system for corrosion protection evaluation, and how it can be used to study coating degradation, aging, and self-healing capabilities. Further, the review tackles the challenges, limitations, and recent research trends aimed at enhancing the effectiveness and broader applications of the AC/DC/AC method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109166"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Self-healing biobased polybenzoxazine vitrimers for anticorrosion application","authors":"Furong Wang, Xin Lu, Zhong Xin","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biobased polybenzoxazine vitrimers with self-healing and shape memory properties were fabricated based on the dynamic exchange of disulfide bonds. Bis(4-aminophenyl) disulfide (APDS) was used as a curing agent to prepare cardanol/furfurylamine based polybenzoxazine (PC-f/APDS) vitrimers containing dynamic disulfide bonds. The content of disulfide bonds in the PC-f/APDS vitrimers could be adjusted by changing the amount of curing agent. The results of stress relaxation experiments showed that the dynamic exchange activation energies of the polybenzoxazine vitrimers were in the range of 53.9 to 115.7 kJ/mol. In addition, the polybenzoxazine coatings with dynamic disulfide bonds exhibited favorable hydrophobicity, corrosion resistance and self-healing properties. The scratch on the PC-f/APDS coating could disappear by heating at 120 °C. This study provides a design strategy for the development of high-performance polybenzoxazine vitrimers with self-healing properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109168"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liping Yuan , Jiajing Yu , Yong Wang , Shiyan Zhang , Yi Sun , Chengjin Tan , Huaifei Liu , Youhua Fan , Di Kang
{"title":"Synergistic effects of sodium polyacrylate-loaded ammonium polyphosphate in combination with ScYSZ to enhance the flame retardancy and thermal insulation properties of epoxy-polyamide coatings","authors":"Liping Yuan , Jiajing Yu , Yong Wang , Shiyan Zhang , Yi Sun , Chengjin Tan , Huaifei Liu , Youhua Fan , Di Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a “three-source” intumescent flame-retardant SAPP, obtained by the modification of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) with low-crosslinked sodium polyacrylate (SAP), was employed to enhance the fire resistance properties of epoxy-polyamide (EP) coatings. Scandia and yttria-co-stabilized zirconia (ScYSZ) compound, was incorporated into SAPP/EP to enhance the flame retardancy and thermal insulation properties. It was found that, the incorporation of 19.4 wt% SAPP and 3.2 wt% ScYSZ into the EP coating (S-SAPP/EP2), achieved a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 31.3 % and corresponded to a UL-94 V-0 rating. Additionally, use of the cone calorimeter test (CCT) combined with the thermogravimetry test (TG) revealed that the binary intumescent flame-retardant (IFR)–metal oxide system could endow the EP coatings with superior synergistic effects to enhance their flame retardancy, smoke suppression, charring, and thermal insulation properties. Compared with pure EP, the total heat release (THR) and the total smoke production (TSP) of S-SAPP/EP2 were reduced by 61.3 % and 67.8 %, respectively, which are also superior reductions to those achieved for SAPP/EP. Moreover, further analysis of the char residues of S-SAPP/EP2 showed that the binary IFR–metal oxide system endowed the EP coatings with a superior synergistic effect for the generation of crosslinking and P–O–C aromatic structures during combustion, which effectively contributed to the formation of a high-quality char layer and the highest thermal insulation properties reported for EP coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109175"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Afroz Jahan , Fahmina Zafar , Syed Ahmed Rizvi , Anujit Ghosal , Manawwer Alam , Qazi Mohd Rizwanul Haq , Nahid Nishat
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of superhydrophobic ceria doped cardanol polyurea nanocomposite coatings with robust anti-corrosive and antibacterial properties","authors":"Afroz Jahan , Fahmina Zafar , Syed Ahmed Rizvi , Anujit Ghosal , Manawwer Alam , Qazi Mohd Rizwanul Haq , Nahid Nishat","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study reports the synthesis and characterization of superhydrophobic ceria (1–5 %) -doped cardanol polyurea nanocomposite (CP@CeO<sub>2</sub>) coatings with exceptional anti-corrosive and antibacterial properties. The coatings were fabricated by incorporating ceria nanoparticles into a cardanol-based polyurea matrix, resulting in a unique nanomaterial with improved thermal stability, mechanical resistance, and hydrophobicity. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the successful formation of the nanomaterials. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) analyses revealed a uniform distribution of ceria nanoparticles (12 nm to 20 nm) within the polyurea matrix. Atomic force microscope (AFM) shows an approximate roughness of 63.96 nm from the observed root mean square (RMS) value, Skewness value, and Kurtosis value. The coating's contact angle value of 150–155° demonstrates a superhydrophobic surface due to the synergetic nanoparticles distribution, surface composition, and roughness. The coatings exhibited remarkable mechanical properties, including excellent crosshatch adhesion (100 %), bending resistance (passes 1/8 in.), scratch hardness (3.2 kg), pencil hardness (6H), and impact resistance (150 lb./in.). The anti-corrosive stability of the coating was evaluated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), which showed a long-lasting efficiency of 96 % over 18 days. Furthermore, the coatings displayed antimicrobial properties against Gram-positive bacteria, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, making them suitable for various industrial applications requiring corrosion protection and antimicrobial resistance.</div><div>This work highlights the potential of ceria-doped cardanol polyurea nanocomposite coatings as a novel material for diverse applications where both corrosion protection and antimicrobial properties are essential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109167"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liangliang Xiong , Mengxue Wu , Kang Liu , Yuyou Ranliang , Meng Cai , Xiaoqiang Fan , Minhao Zhu
{"title":"Inhibition mechanism and warning performance of corrosion inhibitor and fluorescent indicator combinations on AA2024-T3","authors":"Liangliang Xiong , Mengxue Wu , Kang Liu , Yuyou Ranliang , Meng Cai , Xiaoqiang Fan , Minhao Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To elucidate the inhibition mechanisms and determine the interaction concentration thresholds while ensuring effective corrosion warning, a systematic combination of corrosion inhibitors (BTA, 2-MBT, Ce(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>, Na<sub>3</sub>VO<sub>4</sub>) and fluorescent agents (8-HQ, SA) was conducted at various concentrations. Based on the high-throughput microdroplet array test, contour plots illustrating the corrosion rates for various combinations of inhibitors and indicators were generated. The extensive region in the contour plots depicting a corrosion rates below 2 for BTA and 8-HQ combination highlights a pronounced synergistic corrosion inhibition effect, consistent with the Langmuir isotherm adsorption model and indicative of mixed adsorption behavior. In contrast, the SA and 8-HQ mixture demonstrates a significant antagonistic effect in certain ratios, aligning more closely with the Frumkin adsorption model due to the strong intermolecular interactions facilitated by hydrogen bonding. Across the whole range of concentrations, the combination of 0.8 mM BTA and 2 mM 8-HQ achieves a synergism factor that significantly exceeding 1, along with the exceptional corrosion inhibition efficiency of up to 99.37 %. This remarkable performance is associated with a maximum binding energy of 157.17 kcal/mol, primarily attributed to the enhanced adsorption of 8-HQ facilitated by BTA. Moreover, this combination exhibited a strong fluorescence response and high sensitivity for dipping corrosion monitoring, making it an ideal choice for both corrosion protection and warning in 2024-T3 aluminum alloy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109171"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143520572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaotong Zeng , Hui Guo , Hongliang Liu , Cong Liu , Bo Fang , Yuzhu Li , Zhaoliang Jiang , Jie Liu
{"title":"Self-healing performance and anti-corrosion mechanism of microcapsule-containing epoxy coatings under deep-sea environment","authors":"Xiaotong Zeng , Hui Guo , Hongliang Liu , Cong Liu , Bo Fang , Yuzhu Li , Zhaoliang Jiang , Jie Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The isophorone diisocyanate @ polyurea (IPDI@SPUA) microcapsules were prepared by interfacial polymerization based on the optimal process parameters. Prepared coatings with different microcapsule additions for protective performance comparison. The addition of microcapsules enhanced the protective performance of the coatings. When the IPDI in the microcapsules was in contact with water, the formed polymer could fill the defects in the IPDI@SPUA/EP coatings. After immersion at 15 MPa for 1008 h, the impedance value of the IPDI@SPUA/EP coatings was 6.32 × 10<sup>6</sup> Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>, whereas the EP coatings dropped to 9.88 × 10<sup>3</sup> Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>. The IPDI@SPUA/EP coatings exhibited the wet adhesion loss of 41.3 %, while the EP coatings showed a higher loss of 72.9 %. The high hydrostatic pressure made the corrosive particles diffuse faster into the coatings, leading to the rupture of the microcapsules, suggesting that the high hydrostatic pressure exerted a beneficial influence on the self-healing capabilities of the IPDI@SPUA/EP coatings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109176"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tianlu Xu , Hengyi Zhang , Dennis W. Hess , Xijuan Chai , Kaimeng Xu , Xionghang Yang , Linkun Xie
{"title":"A fluorine-free approach for fabricating superhydrophobic coatings on bamboo using methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) under alkaline conditions","authors":"Tianlu Xu , Hengyi Zhang , Dennis W. Hess , Xijuan Chai , Kaimeng Xu , Xionghang Yang , Linkun Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address growing global concerns about wood safety, a novel strategy has been developed to replace wood with bamboo, taking advantage of its abundant availability and sustainable potential. To reduce the natural hydrophilicity of bamboo, a superhydrophobic material was synthesized through a one-pot sol-gel process using methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS). This method simplifies the preparation of superhydrophobic coatings by eliminating the need for additional micro- and nano-particle additives or modifications with other low surface energy materials. Under alkaline conditions, MTMS promotes the in-situ formation of a three-dimensional micro- and nano-scale structure on the bamboo surface via a straightforward impregnation process that simultaneously imparts low surface energy to the substrate. The chemical reaction between MTMS and the bamboo surface forms strong covalent bonds, resulting in a water contact angle of 155.4° and a sliding angle of 2.3°. Moreover, the NH<sub>4</sub>OH@MTMS@bamboo composite exhibits exceptional durability under harsh conditions, including exposure to moisture, dirt, and intense ultraviolet radiation. This cost-effective, eco-friendly, and efficient preparation method offers significant potential for industrial-scale applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109170"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanhao Tang , Xiaojie Wu , Suchang Zou , Haoyuan Qin , Kaiqu Sun , Lei Sun , Jianhua Hou , Weilong Shi , Chunsheng Li , Feng Guo
{"title":"Resorcinol–formaldehyde resin combining epoxy resin as composite coating with efficient anti-corrosion resistance and anti-biofouling capacity","authors":"Yuanhao Tang , Xiaojie Wu , Suchang Zou , Haoyuan Qin , Kaiqu Sun , Lei Sun , Jianhua Hou , Weilong Shi , Chunsheng Li , Feng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In marine environments, microbial contamination and corrosion have persistently threatened the integrity of ships and marine equipment, driving the demand for high-performance coatings integrating anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling functionalities. Herein, for the first time, resorcinol-formaldehyde resin (RF) was used as the filler to introduce epoxy resin (EP) to form an RF/EP composite coating with dual-function anti-corrosion and anti-biofouling protection. Anti-corrosion resistance tests, including open circuit potential (OCP), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and neutral salt spray (NSS), revealed that the RF/EP-6 composite coating exhibits superior anti-corrosion properties, with an impedance radius of 1.56 × 10<sup>9</sup> Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>, which surpasses the impedance of pure-phase EP (3.64 × 10<sup>6</sup> Ω·cm<sup>2</sup>) by more than two orders of magnitude. In addition, the composite coating reflected significant anti-biofouling effects against bacteria (<em>E. coli</em> and <em>S. aureus</em>) and algae (Chlorella), with only a low amount of microorganisms being able to adhere to the surface, which was mainly attributed to the incorporation of RF resin, producing strong oxidative active species (•OH, •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup> and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>). Our study introduces an innovative design concept aimed at developing multifunctional coatings that provide both anti-biofouling and anti-corrosion capabilities for marine equipment field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 109177"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143511198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}