Preparation and characterization of halogen-free flame retardants waterborne polyurethane co-modified with soft and hard segments

IF 6.5 2区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Progress in Organic Coatings Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI:10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109251

Qingqing Shen , Zeng Wang , Haijun Xu , Junmin Wan

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

A novel waterborne polyurethane flame retardant, featuring co-modification with both soft and hard segments, was synthesized utilizing isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), polyethylene glycol (PEG, Mn = 300), phosphorus poly alcohol (Exolit OP550), 2,2-dihydroxymethylpropionic acid (DMPA), phosphinylidynetrimethanol (THPO). The optimal conditions for the reaction were meticulously explored: 60 wt% OP550 in polyol, R = 1.6, 10 wt% THPO, and 5 wt% DMPA in prepolymer. Under these conditions, the flame retardant effect was exceptionally ideal, achieving a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 28 % for the latex film and an even higher LOI of 30 % for the treated polyester fabrics. TG-FTIR analysis demonstrated that FRWPU60 had a positive effect on the flame retardant performance in the gas phase. CONE analysis further revealed that FRWPU60 altered the burning mode of polyester at high temperatures exhibiting both condensed-phase and gas-phase flame retardant mechanisms. Specifically, the total heat release (THR) and peak heat release rate (HRR) values of the FRWPU60-treated polyester fabrics were lower than those of the control samples. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, we proposed the flame retardant mechanism. The mechanisms involved capturing radicals generated by combustion, synergistically promoting charring, and inhibiting heat transfer. These mechanisms collectively contributed to the exceptional flame retardant properties of the FRWPU60-treated polyester fabrics.

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来源期刊

Progress in Organic Coatings 工程技术-材料科学：膜

CiteScore

11.40

自引率

15.20%

发文量

577

审稿时长

48 days

期刊介绍： The aim of this international journal is to analyse and publicise the progress and current state of knowledge in the field of organic coatings and related materials. The Editors and the Editorial Board members will solicit both review and research papers from academic and industrial scientists who are actively engaged in research and development or, in the case of review papers, have extensive experience in the subject to be reviewed. Unsolicited manuscripts will be accepted if they meet the journal''s requirements. The journal publishes papers dealing with such subjects as: • Chemical, physical and technological properties of organic coatings and related materials • Problems and methods of preparation, manufacture and application of these materials • Performance, testing and analysis.