Sultan Sacide Gelen , Ahmet Cifci , Hacer Azak , Esra Evrim Yalcinkaya , Simge Er Zeybekler , Dilek Odaci
{"title":"Electropolymerization of organoclays and usage of synthesized polymer-clay nanocomposite as a matrix for cell adhesion","authors":"Sultan Sacide Gelen , Ahmet Cifci , Hacer Azak , Esra Evrim Yalcinkaya , Simge Er Zeybekler , Dilek Odaci","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the prominent topics in nanobiotechnology is the development of multifunctional biocompatible materials at the nanoscale and the creation of an artificial extracellular matrix (ECM) through the proper design of these material surfaces. In this study, a polymer-clay nanocomposite was synthesized <em>via</em> electropolymerization method to investigate the adhesion of U87-MG glioblastoma cells. Initially, 2-(4H-dithieno [3,2-b:2′,3′-d] pyrrol-4-yl)-3-mercapto propanoic acid (DTP-SH) and 4-(4H-dithieno [3,2-b:2′,3′-d] pyrrole-4-yl) phenethyl) aniline (DTP-NH<sub>2</sub>) monomers were synthesized and characterized. DTP-NH<sub>2</sub> monomer was incorporated between montmorillonite (MMT) clay layers by ion exchange reaction and characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDS), and X-Ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The obtained (DTP-NH<sub>2</sub>)-MMT was polymerized using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) technique on screen-printed gold (Au) electrode surface to form polymer-clay nanocomposite. For the first time in literature, a conductive polymer-based polymer-clay nanocomposite was synthesized using the electrochemical polymerization as an alternative to traditional methods. After the formation of P(DTP-NH₂)-MMT on the DTP-SH-coated Au surface, the GMT8 aptamer was covalently immobilized to generate a biofunctional surface. Electrochemical characterization of the resulting surface was subsequently performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). U87-MG glioblastoma and L929 fibroblast (negative control) cell lines were incubated on the P(DTP-NH<sub>2</sub>)-MMT/GMT8 surface. Finally, cell adhesion was examined using DPV technique and fluorescence imaging. The results demonstrated that the aptamer-functionalized P(DTP-NH₂)-MMT surface supported significantly higher adhesion of U87-MG cells compared to the control, indicating its promising potential as a cell adhesion platform.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 109334"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuting Chen , Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan , Xin Zhang , Yingshan Jin , Myeong-Hyeon Wang
{"title":"Yam mucilage nanocomposite film incorporated silver nanoparticles extend the shelf life and preserve the postharvest quality of Agaricus bisporus","authors":"Yuting Chen , Anbazhagan Sathiyaseelan , Xin Zhang , Yingshan Jin , Myeong-Hyeon Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of antimicrobial food packaging using polymers embedded with metallic nanoparticles has extended the shelf life of fresh foods by preventing food-borne illnesses. This study used yam mucilage extracts to synthesize silver nanoparticles (Yam-AgNPs) and Yam-AgNPs blended with Yam/PVA composite to form films (Yam/PVA-AgNPs). Yam-AgNPs showed maximum absorbance at 414 nm, and TEM confirmed the spherical particles with an average of 16.02 ± 7.39 nm. SEM evidenced that the Yam-AgNPs were dispersed in the Yam/PVA surface. Yam/PVA-AgNPs film (F3) possesses a good UV barrier (T<sub>280</sub> = 80.12 %), transparency (T<sub>660</sub> = 64.54 %), swelling (636.23 %), and water solubility (52.26 %) properties. Furthermore, F3 exhibited good antibacterial activity, with biofilm inhibition exceeding 73.80 % against pathogens. Compared to Yam-AgNPs, the Yam/PVA-AgNPs film had a similar effect on protein leakage in <em>S. aureus</em> (18.42 μg/mL) and <em>E. coli</em> (19.48 μg/mL). In addition, the Yam/PVA-AgNPs film (F3) used for packaging <em>Agaricus bisporus</em> mushrooms demonstrated a strong ability to prevent food pathogen-induced spoilage and maintain the original color and morphology during storage at 4 °C. F3 significantly inhibited the respiration rate and water loss of mushrooms, resulting in a weight loss of 11.48 % and an MDA content of 1.18 nmol/g FW, both of which were lower than those observed with the Yam/PVA film and the control (without packaging) after 12 days. Furthermore, F3 preserved active substances (total sugars and total phenolics) and inhibited the growth of psychrophilic bacteria, with a bacterial count of 4.32 ± 0.23 Log₁₀ CFU/g at 12th day. These results suggest that Yam/PVA-AgNPs film can serve as antimicrobial packaging materials for food preservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 109332"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143876704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dashuai Yan , Zhen Chen , Wenjuan Zhang , Yanli Wang , Liman Chen
{"title":"Multifunctional anti-corrosion coatings based on 2D/3D structure-function integrated nanomaterials for steel protection","authors":"Dashuai Yan , Zhen Chen , Wenjuan Zhang , Yanli Wang , Liman Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109335","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109335","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Most conventional organic anti-corrosion coatings cannot provide long-term protection for metals due to their limited functionality. Here, a smart anti-corrosion coating (ZLIP/EP) is developed by incorporating a 2D/3D structure-function integrated nanomaterial (ZLIP) into the coating matrix. ZLIP consists of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-encapsulated dodecahedral layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocages, which contain corrosion inhibitor imidazoline (IM). Compared to ZIF-67 added to the coating, the 2D LDH layers of ZLIP can effectively extend the electrolyte solution's penetration path within the coating. When the composite coating is damaged, the LDH layers can capture chloride ions in the electrolyte solution, while IM is released to suppress corrosion. Moreover, the IM stored in the unique 3D hollow structure of ZLIP can also be released and subsequently adsorbed onto the steel substrate to further improve the active corrosion protection ability of the coating. The electrochemical test reveal that the |Z|<sub>0.01Hz</sub> of ZLIP/EP remains as high as 68.8 MΩ·cm<sup>2</sup> after long-term immersion (40 days), demonstrating superior corrosion resistance. The ZLIP/EP system developed in this study shows significant promise for practical anti-corrosion applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 109335"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haozhong Ji , Chao Yang , Haoxi Su , Zhengpan Qi , Yao Wang , E. Cheng , Ning Hu
{"title":"Multifunctional superhydrophobic film with comprehensive icing monitoring, anti-icing, and photothermal/electrothermal deicing properties","authors":"Haozhong Ji , Chao Yang , Haoxi Su , Zhengpan Qi , Yao Wang , E. Cheng , Ning Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Superhydrophobic photothermal/electrothermal surfaces have garnered considerable attention on account of the synergistic effect of the superhydrophobic anti-icing and photothermal/electrothermal deicing, which can effectively address the issue of surface icing. However, it lacks the ability to precisely monitor the icing process, a critical component for improving their deicing efficiency. Therefore, a multifunctional superhydrophobic film with comprehensive icing monitoring, anti-icing, and photothermal/electrothermal deicing properties was prepared using the laser ablation method, which consisted of an interdigital patterned laser-ablated graphene (LAG) planar capacitance sensor and a laser-ablated polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) superhydrophobic surface. As a result, it was able to effectively monitor the process of ice growth and detect the thickness of ice by utilizing the differences in dielectric properties of water, ice, and air. In addition, the laser-ablated PTFE superhydrophobic surface processed a contact angle of 159.5° and a sliding angle of 3.5°, which prevented the ice formation for 4.9 min at −20 °C. Meanwhile, by harnessing the photothermal and electrothermal effects of the LAG conductive network, the surface temperature reached 108.4 °C and 43.2 °C with a light irradiance of 2 W/cm<sup>2</sup> and an applied electric power density of 0.135 W/cm<sup>2</sup>, respectively, thereby allowing effective deicing. Consequently, the multifunctional superhydrophobic film, with its comprehensive icing monitoring, anti-icing, and photothermal/electrothermal deicing properties, possesses significant potential for the prevention and removal of ice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 109337"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaozhen Xian, Wentian Wei, Mingmei Jing, Hongbin Zheng, Shengsen Wang, Shaoheng Yang, Yang Hu, Zhuangzhuang Chu, Zhuohong Yang
{"title":"Fluoropolymer covalent grafted vinyl ester resin composite coatings for enhancing mechanical properties, water repellency and corrosion resistance","authors":"Shaozhen Xian, Wentian Wei, Mingmei Jing, Hongbin Zheng, Shengsen Wang, Shaoheng Yang, Yang Hu, Zhuangzhuang Chu, Zhuohong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109346","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109346","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anti-corrosion coatings for metal protection should have good mechanical properties, water repellency and corrosion resistance to deal with the negative effects caused by external impact and corrosive medium erosion. Herein, a novel vinyl ester resin (VER) composite coating was prepared by covalent grafting of reactive fluoropolymer (PF-HDI) with epoxy resin (E-44), and ring-opening reaction of acrylic acid. The covalent introduction of PF-HDI has a significant effect on comprehensive properties of the coating. 0.4 wt% of PF-HDI not only endow coating excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, including 81.64 % increase in tensile strength (80.94 MPa), 3 orders (42 d) and 6 orders (82 d) of magnitude increase in impedance modulus (>10<sup>10</sup> Ω cm<sup>2</sup>), but also significantly improve the water repellency compared with pure VER. This work provides an effective strategy for the preparation of high-performance composite coatings with toughening, water repellency and corrosion resistance enhancement suitable for various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 109346"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Obregón , Antonella Hadzich , Lunjakorn Amornkitbamrung , G. Alexander Groß , Santiago Flores
{"title":"Microwave-assisted modification of a solid epoxy resin with a Peruvian oil","authors":"Daniel Obregón , Antonella Hadzich , Lunjakorn Amornkitbamrung , G. Alexander Groß , Santiago Flores","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A solid epoxy resin was modified with drying vegetable oils via microwave heating to produce one-component epoxy ester resins. These hybrid bio-based resins have an epoxy network that cures at room temperature due to the auto-oxidative capacity of unsaturated fatty acid chains. The influence of the fatty acid source, temperature, and reaction time on viscosity was evaluated using a response surface design. Structure (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup>H NMR)), drying behavior, thermal stability (thermogravimetry/ differential thermal analysis (TG/DTG)), and molecular weight distribution (gel permeation chromatography (GPC)) of selected resins were also studied. Paints prepared with representative epoxy ester resins were analyzed to compare the effect of the fatty acid source on anticorrosive properties by electrochemical impedance and salt spray tests. The design of experiments simplified the selection of synthesis conditions to obtain optimal resin film properties. Microwaved-synthesized epoxy ester resins prepared with Peruvian oil are potential raw materials for developing functional anticorrosive paints, as they provide the best corrosion resistance. Its high unsaturation content gives sacha inchi oil the curing properties needed to replace linseed oil in the coatings industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 109333"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Benzotriazole inbuilt hollow mesoporous CeO2 microsphere encapsuled by polydopamine/polyethyleneimine co-deposition layer for dual active corrosion protection of waterborne epoxy coated steel","authors":"Peng Xu, Tianguan Wang, Jingsha Tan, Wenfeng Ge, Huixuan Qian, Yanwei Zeng, Bing Lei, Honglei Guo, Zhiyuan Feng, Guozhe Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a new type of hollow mesoporous CeO<sub>2</sub> microsphere (HMCM), synthesized through a template-free approach, was utilized as both an inhibitor and a nanocontainer for loading the corrosion inhibitor benzotriazole (BTA). These microspheres were encapsulated with a <em>co</em>-deposition layer composed of polydopamine (PDA) and polyethyleneimine (PEI) to construct smart containers (PDA-PEI@HMCM-BTA) with pH-responsive release properties. The corrosion inhibition effect of PDA-PEI@HMCM-BTA nanocontainers was assessed and the release rate of BTA and Ce ions from the nanocontainers was greatly accelerated in the presence of acidic solutions. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was conducted to evaluate the barrier properties and active anti-corrosion performance of the coatings. The results showed that the integration of nanocontainers within the waterborne epoxy coating significantly improved the corrosion resistance and self-healing capabilities, thereby providing efficient corrosion protection for carbon steels. The method offered a simplified synthesis route for Ce-based nanocontainers and presented a strategy for producing waterborne epoxy coatings with active anticorrosive properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 109331"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Leidlmair , J. Duchoslav , G. Mayr , H. Gsaller , B. Strauß , H. Groiss , D. Stifter
{"title":"Depth profiling of wrinkled coil coatings - new insights into gradient structures and coating degradation","authors":"D. Leidlmair , J. Duchoslav , G. Mayr , H. Gsaller , B. Strauß , H. Groiss , D. Stifter","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For the desired low-gloss appearance of applications such as outdoor roofing systems, organic coatings with a certain degree of surface corrugation are commonly used. Despite various mechanical and chemical mechanisms contributing to wrinkle formation in curing coatings have been extensively discussed in in the past, a comprehensive in-depth characterization of the internal microstructure of textured finishes is yet to be reported. In this work, the interior chemical structure of a state-of-the art wrinkled coil coating system consisting of a polyester-melamine topcoat and a polyester-polyurethane primer applied on a galvanized steel substrate was thoroughly examined by combining advanced surface analysis techniques with cryo-ultra-low-angle microtomy (cryo-ULAM). Plane-view depth-resolved analysis by means of focal-plane-array Fourier-transform infrared (FPA-FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) mappings readily enabled to determine chemical gradients inside the topcoat layer related to the formation of a melamine-enriched and pigment-depleted skin on top of the coating system. Furthermore, correlative depth-resolved analysis additionally allowed to directly assess and compare the degradation of a high-end wrinkle coating system after accelerated artificial ageing as well as after exposure to atmospheric conditions, which consistently showed that the most significant alterations of the coating chemistry induced by progressive weathering particularly occurred at the melamine-enriched coating surface.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"206 ","pages":"Article 109325"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143870789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preparation and investigation of a urethane methacrylate containing a tert-butyl terminal group in urethane/acrylate hybrid latexes","authors":"Yongan Hu, Mark D. Soucek","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A urethane methacrylate with a <em>tert</em>-butyl terminal group, 2-((tert butylcarbamoyl)oxy) ethyl methacrylate (tBEM), was synthesized and incorporated into a series of homogeneous and core-shell model acrylate latexes. Unlike urethane methacrylates with linear or cyclic alkyl terminal groups, the tert-butyl group seems to preclude urethane formation, other than a direct approach of reacting tert-butyl isocyanate with 2-hydroxethyl methacrylate (HEMA) was employed. The effect of tBEM content on latex performance was investigated using minimum film formation temperature (MFFT) tester, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), tensile tests and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Increasing the loading level of tBEM led to an increase in film stiffness and tensile strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 109324"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suzanne Morsch , Yanwen Liu , Stuart B. Lyon , Claudio Di Lullo
{"title":"The persistence of interphase regions in epoxy-amine coatings","authors":"Suzanne Morsch , Yanwen Liu , Stuart B. Lyon , Claudio Di Lullo","doi":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.porgcoat.2025.109327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It has recently been established that interfacial segregation of polymer precursors occurs during the step-growth polymerization of epoxy thermosets. In composite coating formulations, this leads to the establishment of nanoscale, structurally distinct interphase regions around filler or pigment particles. Whilst these under-developed regions are widely considered to be a critical factor in determining corrosion resistant barrier coating performance, the longevity and fate of the interphase, rich in reactive chemical functionality, remains largely unexplored. Here, we investigate the evolution of nanoscale chemical gradients in exemplary systems comprised of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) and triethylenetetraamine (TETA) binder filled with powdered synthetic hematite, (Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>). In these systems, it is known that interphase functionality is primarily dependent on entropic segregation processes, since only weak electrostatic binding occurs between the amine and particle surfaces. Surprisingly, here we demonstrate that rather than exclusively segregating upon mixing, unreacted material continues to accumulate in the interphase throughout the ambient cure (including post-vitrification). Moreover, when a post-cure heating regime known to accelerate molecular diffusion and etherification is applied, it is found that the interphase persists and is remarkably unreactive, yielding relatively soft, partially cured regions 50–100 nm in depth around embedded particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20834,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Organic Coatings","volume":"205 ","pages":"Article 109327"},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}