Radiation protection dosimetry最新文献

{"title":"Occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in diagnostic radiology in Côte d'Ivoire: an analysis based on spatial, collective, and individual dosimetric indicators (2018-2024).","authors":"Omer Kouakou, Guy Léopold Oka N'Guessan, Georges Alain Monnehan, Aka Antonin Koua, Brou Mathurin Kouakou, Josué Patricia Akissi Kouadio Epse Kokora","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents a comprehensive assessment of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation in diagnostic radiology in Côte d'Ivoire over the period 2018-2024. Based on spatial, collective, and individual dosimetric indicators, this analysis aims to quantify exposure levels and evaluate the effectiveness of radiological protection measures implemented nationally. A total of 78 facilities were monitored, over 90% of which were located in urban areas, particularly in Abidjan, the economic capital, which alone accounted for nearly 70% of the distributed thermoluminescent dosemeters (TLDs). This uneven distribution highlights disparities in access to dosimetric surveillance across the country. The annual collective dose (S) showed a significant increase from 94.54 man·mSv in 2018 to 1075.19 man·mSv in 2024 an increase of 1037.3%. The number of monitored workers rose from 187 to 595 over the same period, indicating expanded surveillance coverage. The average annual individual effective dose increased from 0.47 mSv in 2018 to 1.54 mSv in 2021 (a relative increase of 227.6%), before declining to 0.93 mSv in 2024 (a 39.6% decrease), reflecting the impact of corrective measures recommended by the national regulatory authority. Between 2018 and 2021, the proportion of workers exposed to doses exceeding 1 mSv/y rose sharply from 7.5% to over 90%, and continued to increase slightly, reaching 93.29% in 2024. These findings underscore the critical importance of maintaining regular monitoring and continuously improving radiological protection strategies. The study provides essential data to inform national policy and strengthen radiation safety in the medical sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of primary and secondary low-energy electron impacts on atomistic DNA strand breaks using Monte Carlo simulations.","authors":"Jaouad Farhan, Youssef Lamghari, M'hamed Bentourkia","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In radiotherapy, the primary goal is to eliminate cancer cells while minimizing damage to healthy cells. The low-energy electrons generated by radiation beams interact with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), causing double-strand breaks that are challenging to repair, ultimately leading to tumor cell death, since the radiation provokes a clustered damage and the tumor cells have defective or dysregulated DNA repair pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed Monte Carlo simulations using standard GEANT4 classes, employing an atomistic model of DNA composed of 1122 base pairs, with each atom represented by a sphere corresponding to its van der Waals radius. DNA samples were exposed to mono-energetic electrons between 1 and 30 eV. The simulations incorporated the cross-sections of DNA strands and bases, and we ran 10 million electrons for each simulation. Three types of electron interactions with their positions x, y, z within the DNA volume were recorded: dissociative electron attachment (DEA), excitation, and ionization. Using the number and type of interactions at the atomic level caused by primary and secondary electrons, the number of single (SSB) and double (DSB) strand breaks in DNA was determined based on energy-deposition thresholds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that at energies <10 eV, DEA plays a more dominant role in DNA strand breaks than excitation and ionization, which are effective only when the deposited energy exceeds 8.22 eV for excitation and 17.5 eV for ionization. We observed that the DNA side exposed to the incident electrons was more subject to electron interactions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results show good agreement with experimental results in its global SSB and DSB, and our simulation accurately distinguished the breaks based on the type of interactions and the energy of the incident electrons. However, the absolute yields and the relative contribution of the different interaction types remain dependent on the modeled DNA geometry and irradiation conditions. Such a simulation reports DNA radiosensitivity at the atomic level and significantly contributes to the selection of radiopharmaceuticals targeting tumor cell nuclei such as those incorporating Auger electron emitters which are more effective than alpha and beta emitters.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147779243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"External clinical audits in clinical radiology in Finland.","authors":"Petro Julkunen, Nina Heinola, Taina Autti, Ritva Bly","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf182","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clinical audits have been implemented in Finland to healthcare organizations over 20 years. We introduce the outcomes of fourth round external clinical audits on medical radiological procedures following the implementation of the EU Directive (Basic Safety Standards). We analyzed 31 external clinical audits on radiological practices in 2018-2022. The summarized strengths and recommendations from the audits were collected from the main auditing organization's database. 306 recommendations were given, 18% related to definitions of responsibilities, 16% to internal procedural guidelines, 16% to personnel education, and 25% to quality assurance and utilization of self-assessments of radiological procedures. Private and small organizations received less recommendations than large and public operators. Moreover, 215 strengths were reported, focusing on the clarity of responsibilities (21%) and excellence in quality assurance (15%). Reaching and maintaining feasible radiological diagnostic accuracy by consideration of radiation safety requires continuous quality assurance and development facilitated, and monitored by clinical audits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"538-545"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092513/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and characterization of a compressible breast phantom to simulate adipose, glandular, and mixed tissue in diagnostic mammography.","authors":"Rosana Pirchio, Marcela Alejandra Roldan, Amalia María Stefanic","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to design and characterize a compressible phantom that simulates adipose, glandular, and mixed breast tissues for mammography applications. Samples were prepared using paraffin gel wax, silicone oil, glass microspheres, and silicone. The linear attenuation coefficients and effective atomic numbers calculated at 15 keV were 0.986 cm-1 and 5.97 for adipose tissue, 1.381 cm-1 and 7.81 for glandular tissue, and 1.772 cm-1 and 6.91 for the mixed sample. Densities and Young's modulus values obtained from computed tomography and compression tests were 0.89 g·cm-3 and 24.75 kPa for adipose, 0.98 g·cm-3 and 31.26 kPa for glandular, and 0.95 g·cm-3 and 26.27 kPa for the mixed composition. Mammographic images were satisfactory, and the calculated mean glandular dose values closely matched those extracted from Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) headers, with mixed and glandular samples showing similar values to patient data. Slight deviations from previously published results suggest potential areas for further refinement of phantom properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"511-528"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145912845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational radiation exposure to UK orthopaedic surgeons: a dose monitoring exercise.","authors":"Hannah Mancey, Kinga Zmijewska, Deborah M Eastwood, Lynn Hutchings, Nicky Gibbens, Charlotte Lewis, Stephen Barnard","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf180","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Limited data exists on radiation exposure to trauma and orthopaedic (T&O) surgeons using modern imaging equipment and personal protective equipment (PPE) in theatre. This study investigated radiation doses to the chest and axilla during routine orthopaedic trauma practice by issuing 189 T&O surgeons with two thermoluminescent dosemeters each (worn on chest and axilla) for a continuous 3-month period. Surgeons also completed a survey on demographics, radiation safety training, PPE type and availability to assess links with radiation doses. No surgeon received a total dose resulting in them exceeding the 20 mSv/year dose limit set by the UK Health and Safety Executive's Ionizing Radiation Regulations 2017. Radiation exposure was not significantly linked to demographics or training. 58.8% of surgeons had not received formal radiation safety training within the past 3 years, and 90% were not routinely dose monitored. National guidance on radiation safety training and behaviours would reduce variability and ensure workplace safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"529-537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145934390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of regulatory identification of radon priority areas in Italy.","authors":"Francesco Salvi","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf168","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf168","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2020, Italy transposed Council Directive 2013/59/Euratom, establishing national criteria for identifying radon priority areas. In 2024, further guidance was provided by the adoption of the national radon action plan. Between 2022 and 2025, priority areas were identified in a part of the country where adequate radon measurement surveys had been carried out. The main choices applied are outlined, and the current situation is presented for the first time, allowing parameters to be quantified, including the number of buildings involved and the expected number of buildings above the reference level within priority areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"501-510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145834622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural radionuclide activity and ingestion dose assessment in thermal springs of Northeastern Algeria.","authors":"Abdelfettah Belafrites","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf170","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study assesses natural radionuclide activity concentrations and their associated ingestion doses in thermal spring waters from Hammam Debagh (Guelma) and Hammam Salhin (Khenchela), northeastern Algeria. High-purity germanium gamma-ray spectrometry was employed to quantify radionuclides from the 238U, 235U, and 232Th decay series, and 40K. All measured activities in Hammam Salhin were below detection limits. In Hammam Debagh showed detectable concentrations of 226Ra (4.53 ± 0.86 Bq l-1), 214Bi (4.89 ± 0.66 Bq l-1), 214Pb (4.27 ± 0.56 Bq l-1), and 212Pb (0.46 ± 0.26 Bq l-1), while 40K was below the minimum detectable activity. The estimated annual committed effective ingestion dose ranged from 58 to 926 μSv y-1 depending on water intake, with 226Ra contributing ~99 per cent of the total. Doses exceeded the WHO reference level of 0.1 mSv y-1 but remained below the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) dose limit of 1 mSv y-1. These results provide a preliminary radiological characterisation of Algerian thermal waters.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"491-500"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An adapted methodology to characterize the neutron emission of californium neutron sources.","authors":"Alberto Stabilini, Federico A Geser, Malgorzata Kasprzak, Sabine Mayer","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf176","DOIUrl":"10.1093/rpd/ncaf176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Californium neutron sources are fairly common and appreciated in ionizing radiation metrology. Due to the concomitant presence of different neutron-emitting radionuclides, the isotopic composition of the source ought to be known for an accurate estimation of neutrons emitted by the source in time. This becomes more important with the ageing of the source, because the 252Cf predominant contribution reduces in favour of other neutron-emitting radionuclides. This work illustrates a methodology to estimate the relative neutron emission of the most important nuclides. The advantage of the suggested approach lies in the use of a set of dose-rate measurements spanning several years, typically available at laboratories, since periodical checks of the field are performed. The method illustrated was applied to a californium source present at Paul Scherrer Institute calibration laboratory, yielding an estimation of the ratio of the neutrons emitted by 252Cf and 250Cf. Since for calibration laboratories any alteration of the neutron energy distribution emitted by the source could influence the response of detectors, available data on neutron spectra emitted by these nuclides have also been compared.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":"546-553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145952857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photon-counting CT vs. energy-integrating detector CT: image quality and radiation dose in multi-phase abdominopelvic imaging.","authors":"Yu-Fen Huang, Jian-Feng Yang, Li Zhao, Wei-Li Ma, Yu Wang, Xue-Li Liu, Zhen-Hua Zhao","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare photon-counting detector CT (PCCT) and energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT) for abdominopelvic imaging regarding radiation dose and image quality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study enrolled 94 adults undergoing abdominopelvic CT. Objective image quality was assessed by measuring hepatic noise, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). Two blinded radiologists independently scored subjective image quality using a 5-point Likert scale. Radiation exposure was evaluated via CTDIvol, dose-length product (DLP), and scan length-normalized DLP (nDLP).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PCCT significantly reduced radiation dose: CTDIvol by 57%, DLP by 62%, and nDLP by 57% (all P < .001). Concurrently, image quality improved:hepatic noise decreasing by 31% (P < .001), and SNR increased by 40-70% (P < .001); CNR increased 22-45% (P < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PCCT achieves substantial radiation dose reduction while improving objective image quality compared with EID-CT in abdominopelvic imaging. These findings support PCCT as a valuable tool for dose-optimised abdominal protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147691921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thorium lung burdens of NORM workers revisited.","authors":"Gregory Stanley Hewson, Martin I Ralph, Marcus Cattani","doi":"10.1093/rpd/ncag035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncag035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Historical thorium bioassay data collected from Australian mine workers in the 1990s, including in vivo lung counting and thoron-in-breath (TIB) measurements, were re-evaluated using current dosimetric and biokinetic models. Revised daily thorium intakes from bioassay were compared with previous estimates to assess changes in the dose profile and potential implications for contemporary operations. Reanalysis revealed lower estimates of annual dose, including the number of workers assessed as exceeding 20 mSv. However, it was found that intakes derived from industry personal air sampling (PAS) underestimated intake by up to three-fold. This study determined that sensitive bioassay techniques, such as TIB using an electrostatic collection chamber, are feasible for detecting low thorium lung burdens in longer-term workers at current mineral processing operations involving naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM). This study improves the accuracy of historical exposures and highlights that PAS protocols require improvement to enhance radiation protection practices in industries handling NORM.</p>","PeriodicalId":20795,"journal":{"name":"Radiation protection dosimetry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147676163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}