Psychological Services最新文献

{"title":"Organizational caring as a predictor of good mental health in an operational naval environment.","authors":"Adam T Biggs, Todd R Seech, Dale W Russell","doi":"10.1037/ser0000820","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000820","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Military service members encounter numerous stressors that adversely affect their mental health. These pervasive stressors emphasize the need to continually surveil, identify, and mitigate negative factors before they can produce cascading consequences for the individual. The present study utilized a large sample (<i>N</i> = 13,666) to identify several factors that might lead individuals to have poor mental health days in an austere naval operating environment. One quarter of respondents (<i>N</i> = 3,484; 25.49%) indicated that they had 0 poor mental health days in the preceding month, whereas one in eight (<i>N</i> = 1,868; 13.57%) indicated experiencing poor mental health every day in the preceding month. This bimodal distribution allowed for binary logistic regression to determine the relative influence of various factors in identifying individuals who reported significant mental health concerns versus those who did not. Split-half analyses also permitted replication of the data through randomized sampling and dividing data by ship class. Gender emerged as the most prominent predictor of mental health quality with females reporting poorer mental health. Meanwhile, organizational caring (a service member's belief that higher organizational levels cared about them) emerged as a protective factor. Perceptions of caring among the organizational hierarchy depended upon organizational tier; that is, a connection to the larger organization functioned as an even more robust predictor than perceptions that their local and more salient organizational structure (e.g., direct supervisor) cared about them. Taken together, this evidence helps identify factors related to mental health issues that may negatively impact military personnel on active duty. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient experiences in making PTSD treatment decisions.","authors":"Sadie E Larsen, Katinka Hooyer, Shannon M Kehle-Forbes, Jessica Hamblen","doi":"10.1037/ser0000817","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although there is a range of effective posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) treatments, the number of patients who receive those treatments is disappointingly low (Finley et al., 2015; Maguen et al., 2018). Very little research has examined the patient experience of deciding on a PTSD treatment option and how that experience influences treatment preference and selection. In a sample of 12 veterans and 10 providers, we recorded the sessions in which providers discussed PTSD treatment options with their patients and then interviewed patients to ask their impressions of those same sessions. Specifically, using qualitative analysis, we sought to understand (a) patient preferences and experiences of choosing a PTSD treatment option, (b) what information patients retain from treatment planning sessions, and (c) why patients chose a given treatment. Almost all the patients in this sample chose an evidence-based psychotherapy but could remember little about the options afterward. Patients reported that providers presented options neutrally and that they made shared decisions with their providers. Most could talk through their reasons for coming to a decision and felt comfortable with the decision, but decisions were often made heuristically rather than deliberatively. Surprisingly, a few patients had a hard time explaining why they chose a specific treatment, were not conscious of their exact reasons for choosing a treatment, or seemed unable to remember why they chose a treatment. We also noticed subtle ways in which providers' discussions influenced treatment choice. Implications for practice are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11026293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49681641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trajectories of adolescent suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms during partial hospitalization: Clinical and demographic characteristics as predictors of change.","authors":"Roberto López, Katherine M Harris, Lauren Seibel, Sonia C Thomas, Rick N Leichtweis, Christianne Esposito-Smythers","doi":"10.1037/ser0000796","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Partial hospital programs (PHPs) are a vital mental health service for youth at risk for suicide. Yet, few studies have examined trajectories of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms, two important risk factors for suicidal behavior, over the course of care. Moreover, little is known about factors that may impact these trajectories among youth in PHPs. The present study examined trajectories of suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms, as well as clinical and demographic predictors of these changes, among youth enrolled in two PHPs. A sample of 253 youth (<i>M</i>_age = 15.3; SD = 1.4; range = 12-18; 68.8% female; 63.2% White; 75.1% non-Hispanic/Latino/a/x) completed repeated measures of suicidal ideation severity and depressive symptoms during treatment. Trajectories of these outcomes were examined using two separate latent growth models. Recent history of self-injurious behaviors and demographics were tested as predictors of trajectories using a taxonomic approach. Overall, suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms declined over the course of care. Sex, history of self-injury, and sexual identity were associated with variability in one or both trajectories of change. Results suggest individual variability in the rate of change among youth in PHPs. Such information may be used to aid in treatment planning and quality improvement efforts within PHPs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10032502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical documentation of patient identities in the electronic health record: Ethical principles to consider.","authors":"Suzanne E Decker, Minnah W Farook, Sarah Meshberg-Cohen, Taiki Matsuura, Maggie Manning, Erica A Abel, Laura Blakley, Faith Prelli","doi":"10.1037/ser0000816","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The American Psychological Association's multicultural guidelines encourage psychologists to use language sensitive to the lived experiences of the individuals they serve. In organized care settings, psychologists have important decisions to make about the language they use in the electronic health record (EHR), which may be accessible to both the patient and other health care providers. Language about patient identities (including but not limited to race, ethnicity, gender, and sexual orientation) is especially important, but little guidance exists for psychologists on how and when to document these identities in the EHR. Moreover, organizational mandates, patient preferences, fluid identities, and shifting language may suggest different documentation approaches, posing ethical dilemmas for psychologists to navigate. In this article, we review the purposes of documentation in organized care settings, review how each of the five American Psychological Association Code of Ethics' General Principles relates to identity language in EHR documentation, and propose a set of questions for psychologists to ask themselves and their patients when making choices about documenting identity variables in the EHR. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71426301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the massed delivery of unified protocol for emotional disorders within an intensive outpatient program for military service members and veterans.","authors":"Andrew M Sherrill, Mansi Mehta, Samantha C Patton, Kelsey Sprang Jones, Natalie Hellman, Julie Chrysosferidis, Carly W Yasinski, Barbara O Rothbaum, Sheila A M Rauch","doi":"10.1037/ser0000833","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000833","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent evidence supports the implementation of massed delivery of disorder-specific treatments in the military service member and veteran population. However, many treatment settings serve patients with a wide range of diagnoses, and often patients present with comorbid conditions. Growing evidence suggests transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral treatments are effective for a wide range of emotional disorders and may reduce barriers to access. Little is known about the feasibility and outcomes of the massed delivery of transdiagnostic treatments. The present study examined real-world outcomes of a 2-week intensive outpatient program using the Unified Protocol for emotional disorders (UP-IOP). The sample included military service members and veterans diagnosed with a range of emotional disorders, namely trauma- and stressor-related disorders, unipolar depressive disorders, and anxiety disorders. The present study examined outcomes of UP-IOP (depression, trauma-related symptom severity, and emotion dysregulation). Participants included all patients who sought UP-IOP in its first 15 months of operation (<i>N</i> = 117). A diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was an exclusion criterion because the site had an established PTSD-specific IOP treatment option. Findings indicate UP-IOP was feasible, had 94% patient retention, and was effective in reducing symptom severity (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.76 for depression symptom severity, Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.80 for trauma-related symptom severity). There was no observed reduction in emotion dysregulation over the 2-week course of treatment. The intensive transdiagnostic approach resulted in effective symptom reduction in an accelerated timeframe while minimizing patient attrition. These findings indicate massed delivery of transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatments should continue to be explored, especially for this population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139425399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moral injury among first responders: Experience, effects, and advice in their own words.","authors":"Leanne K Knobloch, Jenny L Owens","doi":"10.1037/ser0000838","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Moral injury</i> is a serious concern among first responders. Not only does moral injury occur with notable frequency among first response groups such as police, fire safety, and emergency medical personnel, but it also poses considerable mental health challenges. Despite a recent explosion of research on moral injury, the literature would benefit from a systematic investigation of how first responders describe their experiences in their own words. We conducted semistructured interviews with 36 graduates of a first responder trauma healing course. Participants described moral injury as (a) a byproduct of being a first responder, (b) occurring frequently but being difficult to identify, and (c) involving feelings of helplessness and guilt. Effects of moral injury included (a) wide-ranging negative consequences, (b) diminished self-esteem, (c) isolation from and suspicion of others, and (d) spiritual distress. When asked about the advice they would give to other people experiencing moral injury, first responders recommended (a) talking openly about the experience of moral injury, (b) being proactive in seeking help, (c) breaking free from the stigma of needing assistance, and (d) building a network of support. Taken together, these results suggest important guidelines for helping first responders cope with the aftermath of moral injury. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139564730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upstream suicide prevention in the U.S. Army: Noncommissioned officers' perspectives.","authors":"Lynsay Ayer, Stephanie Holliday, Robin Beckman, Lisa H Jaycox, Daniel Elinoff, Rajeev Ramchand, Denis Agniel, Emily Hoch, Lisa Wagner","doi":"10.1037/ser0000788","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of this study was to examine the factors associated with Army noncommissioned officer (NCO) experiences, attitudes, and behaviors in their role of identifying potential suicide risk factors in their fellow soldiers. To better understand the perspectives of NCOs, an anonymous survey was administered to 2,468 Army NCOs. Descriptive statistics and linear regressions were conducted to compare subgroups of NCOs. Most (71%) Army NCOs have received many (11 or more) hours of suicide prevention training, but training in soft skills that may be important for the gatekeeper role was less consistently reported. Active Component soldiers reported greater confidence in their intervention skills (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.25) and fewer logistical barriers (e.g., time and space to talk) to intervening with at-risk soldiers (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.80) compared to Reserve and National Guard soldiers. Formal coursework in mental health areas like psychology or chaplaincy was associated with a greater level of confidence in intervention skills (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.23) and in more frequent intervention behavior (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.13). Army NCO trainings should be modified to better equip soldiers with the soft skills (e.g., active listening skills and verbally and nonverbally conveying nonjudgment/acceptance and empathy) needed to have effective conversations with soldiers about suicide risk factors and other sensitive topics. Strategies used within mental health education, which appears to be a strength for NCO gatekeepers, could be used to achieve this goal. Reserve and Guard NCOs may need additional supports and tailored trainings to better fit their operational context. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9701684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A pilot of couple HOPES within the U.S. Veterans Affairs Healthcare System: PTSD and relationship outcomes in veteran couples.","authors":"Leslie A Morland, Tamara Wachsman, Katelyn Webster, Skye Fitzpatrick, Robert Valela, Alexander O Crenshaw, Candice M Monson, Kayla C Knopp","doi":"10.1037/ser0000773","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Conjoint interventions for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) offer an opportunity to target symptoms' broader social impact, including couples' relationship satisfaction. Technology-assisted interventions may help overcome access to care barriers for couples. Couple Helping Overcome PTSD and Enhance Satisfaction (HOPES) is a coached internet-based couples' intervention for PTSD adapted from cognitive behavioral conjoint therapy, an evidence-based dyadic therapy for PTSD. This pilot study examined the implementation feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of Couple HOPES in a sample of 15 United States veterans with PTSD and their romantic partners within a Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center setting. There were significant improvements in veterans' PTSD symptoms (self- and partner-reported) and both veterans' and partners' relationship satisfaction, though the effect sizes were small (all <i>g</i>'s < .40). Importantly, the 73% retention rate and participant feedback at postassessment suggest this online adaptation may help couples overcome barriers to accessing care. More broadly, this pilot study helps answer questions regarding where digital health interventions fit into the continuum of PTSD care within the VA system. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10037589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Home-based primary care providers' perspectives on the unique challenges of working with late life posttraumatic stress disorder within their population of Veterans.","authors":"Hannah M Bashian, Jennifer S Daks, Lola Baird, Hannah Heintz, Jennifer Moye, Anica Pless Kaiser","doi":"10.1037/ser0000872","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is more prevalent in medically ill older Veterans in Home-Based Primary Care (HBPC) settings than in the general population, raising unique considerations. The aim of this qualitative project was to explore HBPC mental health providers' perceptions of the presentation and treatment of PTSD and trauma-related symptoms in this population of older Veterans, many of whom face additional barriers to treatment due to living in rural settings. Five focus groups and one one-on-one interview were conducted with 23 HBPC mental health providers serving rural or rural/urban mixed communities across the United States. We applied qualitative content analysis to the data. Three themes were found: (1) Presentation of Trauma-Related Symptoms and PTSD in HBPC Population; (2) Treatment Challenges in HBPC; and (3) PTSD Treatment Strategies. Each theme had multiple subthemes which illustrate unique issues in this population. Results of this project contribute to key insights surrounding the unique presentation of PTSD and trauma-related processes and treatment considerations in a medically, cognitively, and psychosocially complex group of veterans. Efforts to improve access to care should consider the specific needs of veterans who are homebound, live in rural settings and identify with rural cultural norms, and have difficulty engaging in specialized PTSD treatment due to the convergence of these factors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in opioid treatment programs and harm reduction provider services during the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from 10 states.","authors":"Omeid Heidari, Hridika Shah, Atharva Bhagwat, N Jia Ahmad, Sara Whaley, Susan G Sherman, Miles Morris, Brendan Saloner","doi":"10.1037/ser0000805","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Harm reduction and opioid treatment programs (OTPs) modified service delivery based on rapid changes to state and federal regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is little evidence on how these regulations changed the delivery of medication for opioid use disorder and harm reduction services and whether certain regulations should be made permanent. This study explores how harm reduction OTPs across the United States leveraged changes in regulations and responded to impacts of COVID-19 to continue providing services and perspectives on future legislation that regulates their practice and practice sites. The COVID Harm Reduction and Treatment programs Survey study administered a survey that included closed-ended and free-response questions to 22 sites between August 2020 and January 2021. Program demographics and responses to survey items pertaining to site and service modifications were tabulated and proportions reported. A qualitative descriptive method was used to analyze free-response questions. All (100%) surveyed providers reported the need to modify their services. The majority (68%) reported an increase or no change in client volume; 68% reported increases in naloxone services and 77% reported increases in syringe services programs. Qualitative themes included (a) flexibility in reaching clients due to regulatory changes, (b) benefits and drawbacks of telehealth, and (c) increased vulnerabilities of their clients during the pandemic. Despite difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic, harm reduction and OTP sites found that regulatory changes provided flexibility in service delivery and that they were better able to serve their clients. Future policies should bolster these sites to continue to provide low-barrier and high-quality services. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11009379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41210624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}