Psychological Services最新文献

{"title":"Patterns of psychosocial functioning of treatment-seeking veterans following military sexual trauma: The differential association of functioning and identity.","authors":"Makenzie Irrgang, Meredith R Boyd, Michelle Fernando, Lisa Valentine, Diana C Bennett, Minden B Sexton","doi":"10.1037/ser0000919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Veterans with a history of military sexual trauma (MST) often experience poorer social, psychological, and physical outcomes compared with civilians and veterans who have experienced sexual assault outside of the military. Studies suggest some differences in endorsement of MST and its symptoms based on ethnoracial, age, sexuality, and gender-related factors. However, investigations into potential diversity-related patterns of functioning are sparse. This study examined the associations between identity factors and psychosocial functioning among veterans seeking mental health treatment following MST. During intake assessments, veterans (<i>n</i> = 144) completed semistructured clinical interviews and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 as part of routine clinical care at a Midwestern Veterans Healthcare Administration hospital. Psychosocial functioning domains (cognition, mobility, self-care, getting along, life activities, and participation in society) were analyzed across veterans' race, age, sex, and sexual identity. Results revealed differences in participation in society based on sex and race and in mobility based on race and age. No significant differences were observed in functional domains for sexual identity. These findings highlight the importance of assessing salient identity factors and delivering culturally sensitive trauma-focused care. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Spanish adaptation, factor structure, and reliability of implementation science instruments for suicide prevention.","authors":"Sonia Pérez-Matus, Raúl Ulises Hernández-Ramírez, Catalina González-Forteza, Corina Benjet, Luis Villalobos-Gallegos","doi":"10.1037/ser0000914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on the implementation of community gatekeeper training interventions for suicide prevention in Spanish-speaking countries is limited. Gatekeepers identify warning signs of suicidal behavior in at-risk population and refer them to specialized mental health care. To identify factors that influence the implementation of evidence-based practices, standardized measures are needed in Spanish. We culturally adapted and evaluated the factor structure and reliability of two measures for use in the Mexican population: the final version of Acceptability, Appropriateness, and Feasibility of the Intervention (Weiner et al., 2017), and the Organizational Readiness for Implementing Change (ORIC; Shea et al., 2014). Our study consisted of two consecutive phases. The first addressed the cross-cultural adaptation. In the second phase, we administered an online survey to a nonrandom sample of 453 middle school personnel and performed a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Participants were 73.95% female, 25.17% male, and 0.88% nonbinary/other and came from the 32 Mexican states. CFA indices for the Mexican Spanish version of the acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility measure yielded values of comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.96, Tucker-Lewis fit index (TLI) = 0.94, root-mean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.05, and standardized root-mean-square residual (SRMR) = 0.03. Internal consistency was Ω = 0.95. CFA indices of the Mexican Spanish version of the ORIC were CFI = 0.95, TLI = 0.93, RMSEA = 0.08, and SRMR = 0.03, and internal consistency was Ω = 0.94. We conclude that both instruments show preliminary psychometric properties that support their validity and reliability in the Mexican Spanish-speaking context. These findings promise to drive research on the implementation of gatekeeper interventions and other evidence-based practices in Spanish-speaking school settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142626766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking stigma: Prejudicial beliefs impact psychiatric treatment in U.S. soldiers.","authors":"Deane E Aikins, Julie Wargo Aikins, Tara Consolino, Joseph C Geraci, Paul Morrissey","doi":"10.1037/ser0000912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/ser0000912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two thirds of military personnel diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) do not engage in treatment. We examined the degree that prejudicial beliefs about people with PTSD negatively affected psychiatric medication acceptance. Public stigma is best defined as negative stereotypes regarding individuals being judged as inferior or weak for having PTSD. In comparison, self-stigma includes internalized negative prejudices about illness control and stability. An important preliminary stage in developing self-stigma is first developing prejudicial beliefs about those with an illness. Active duty soldiers on a U.S. Army post completed surveys of prejudicial beliefs, public stigma, negative beliefs about psychiatric medications, and PTSD symptoms. Soldiers' Post Deployment Health Reassessment and medical records were accessed to determine the relation between their survey answers and responses to a later offer of psychiatric medication. Importantly, increased prejudicial beliefs (but not public stigma) that oneself is to blame for having PTSD were associated with a reduced likelihood of accepting psychiatric medication. Increased age was also associated with increased likelihood of accepting medication. Antistigma efforts to date may have limited effectiveness by targeting public-stigma rather than self-stigma prejudicial beliefs about personal responsibility in the development of PTSD. The relevance of this finding is vital to developing public health campaigns that maximize treatment acceptance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selecting senior leaders in the public sector: Challenges and best practices.","authors":"Adam T Biggs, Todd R Seech, Dale W Russell","doi":"10.1037/ser0000800","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the careful assessment and selection of leaders are important for an organization to succeed, selecting senior leaders can prove paramount given their potential to impact the entire organization. While private sector businesses expend substantial resources to recruit and retain senior leaders, the public sector struggles to do so, which in turn impacts the attitudes and retention of employees throughout the enterprise. For example, a recent survey of federal employees in the United States found that most respondents did not believe their senior leaders generated high levels of motivation and commitment in the workforce. Enhancing the senior leader selection process thus represents a prime opportunity to enhance organizational success in the public sector. The current discussion reviews four core topics for senior leader selection: (a) determine organizational needs, (b) agree upon competencies for a senior leader, (c) leverage employees from all organizational tiers via a selection committee, and (d) examine ethical issues in selecting senior leaders. Each topic contains an overview of the relative challenge while drawing a contrast between senior and junior leadership positions, as well as comparisons between the public and private sectors. These challenges are presented alongside best practices that should produce a more effective selection process. Taken together, this combined evidence should enable organizational success by ensuring that the highest quality candidates are selected into senior leadership positions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":"725-735"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10146067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief trauma-informed care training to enhance health care providers' knowledge, comfort, and implementation of trauma-informed care in primary care clinics: A pilot effectiveness study.","authors":"Abigail Powers, Ryan A Langhinrichsen-Rohling, Stan C Sonu, Tamara Haynes, Emma C Lathan","doi":"10.1037/ser0000823","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000823","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Trauma-informed care (TIC) training may be valuable for patient-facing health care providers within primary care in urban health care settings serving patients with high levels of trauma exposure. This study tested the pilot effectiveness of a clinic-wide TIC initiative to enhance providers' knowledge, comfort in caring for trauma-exposed patients, and implementation of TIC within a primary care clinic of an urban safety net hospital using a single-arm longitudinal within-subjects design. Measures were obtained at baseline (T1), posttraining (T2), 1-month (T3), and 6-months (T4). Twenty-nine providers who completed TIC training were included in study analyses. Twenty-one completed T2 and 14 completed T3 and T4. Knowledge was measured with the <i>Providers' Knowledge Regarding Injury-Related Posttraumatic Stress,</i> comfort with a researcher-generated two-item measure, and TIC implementation with an eight-item binary scale from the <i>Trauma Provider Survey</i>. Repeated-measures general linear model examining within-subjects change over time in knowledge was significant (<i>n</i> = 8; <i>F</i>₃ = 4.74, <i>p</i> = .01, η_<i>p</i>² = .40); the model measuring change in <i>comfort</i> was not significant but trending (<i>n</i> = 9; <i>F</i>₃ = 4.56, <i>p</i> = .06). The model examining change in <i>TIC implementation</i> from T1 to T4 was not significant (n = 14; F3 = 4.32, p = .21). This pilot study demonstrated the preliminary effectiveness of a brief TIC training on improving health care provider knowledge and comfort working with trauma-exposed patients that sustained through 6-months posttraining. The findings indicate that additional support is needed to change behaviors in provider implementation of TIC in primary care clinic settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":"792-796"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11089069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92156257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding veterans' experiences with lung cancer and psychological distress: A multimethod approach.","authors":"Katherine Ramos, Heather A King, Micaela N Gladney, Sandra L Woolson, Cynthia Coffman, Hayden B Bosworth, Laura S Porter, S Nicole Hastings","doi":"10.1037/ser0000839","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychological distress while coping with cancer is a highly prevalent and yet underrecognized and burdensome adverse effect of cancer diagnosis and treatment. Left unaddressed, psychological distress can further exacerbate poor mental health, negatively influence health management behaviors, and lead to a worsening quality of life. This multimethod study primarily focused on understanding veterans' psychological distress and personal experiences living with lung cancer (an underrepresented patient population). In a sample of 60 veterans diagnosed with either nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) or small cell lung cancer (SCLC), we found that distress is common across clinical psychology measures of depression (37% [using the Patient Health Questionnaire, PHQ-9 measure]), anxiety (35% [using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder, GAD-7 measure]), and cancer-related posttraumatic stress (13% [using the Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Checklist measure]). A total of 23% of the sample endorsed distress scores on two or more mental health screeners. Using a broader cancer-specific distress measure (National Comprehensive Cancer Network), 67% of our sample scored above the clinical cutoff (i.e., ≥ 3), and in the follow-up symptom checklist of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network measure, a majority endorsed feeling sadness (75%), worry (73%), and depression (60%). Qualitative analysis with a subset of 25 veterans highlighted that psychological distress is common, variable in nature, and quite bothersome. Future research should (a) identify veterans at risk for distress while living with lung cancer and (b) test supportive mental health interventions to target psychological distress among this vulnerable veteran population. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":"773-783"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychologists aspiring to leadership positions in public sector health care.","authors":"Tiffanie S Wong, Jessica A Lohnberg, Stephanie J Wong, John R McQuaid, Jeanette Hsu, Steven Lovett","doi":"10.1037/ser0000892","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychologists are well-positioned to take on leadership roles in health care systems as a result of the broad-based skills included in doctoral level, professional training programs. These include knowledge of evidence-based practice, extensive training in applied research and clinical practice, emphasis on critical thinking in scientific methods and hypothesis testing, teaching, supervision, team consultation, and continuous learning (APA Presidential Task Force on Evidence-Based Practice, 2006; Korman, 1974; McFall, 2007). Formal opportunities to learn how to apply these skills in leadership and organizational management roles are, however, limited during graduate training. There have been recent efforts within the American Psychological Association to foster interest and readiness for leadership roles among psychologists. These efforts have included a leadership development fellowship, on-demand webinars, and online learning for continuing education (American Psychological Association, 2023). The content of these training opportunities is typically general in nature so that it can be applied to all types of organizational settings. Psychologists interested in leadership positions within public sector health care organizations are likely to benefit from information that aligns more specifically with the mission and organizational structures of such systems. This article presents a conceptual framework to prepare psychologists aspiring to leadership positions in public sector health care. Leadership theories and models from organizational management science are outlined which capture the context and organizational goals of such programs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":"736-747"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142018397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recruitment tools for transgender and gender diverse veterans in health care research.","authors":"Rajinder Sonia Singh, Sara J Landes, Traci H Abraham, Pamela McFrederick, Michael R Kauth, Jillian C Shipherd, JoAnn E Kirchner","doi":"10.1037/ser0000841","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000841","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) veterans in the Veterans Health Administration experience health and health care disparities, and research with this population is needed to improve gender-affirming care in Veterans Health Administration. However, TGD veterans may experience hesitancy to participate in research. We must address barriers to participation through feasible and acceptable methods. Opt-out letters are an effective tool used to recruit veterans in mental health research. The present study examined the feasibility and acceptability of opt-out letters modified for TGD veterans. Opt-out letters were sent to 54 potential TGD participants at three sites. The letters stated the research team would begin contacting veterans by phone in 2 weeks if they did not opt out of being contacted. Feasibility was measured through response rate. Acceptability was assessed through qualitative template analysis of interview data. Of the 54 potential participants, two opted out, three letters were undeliverable, and eight veterans called to opt in. Veterans reported that they found the letters to be clear and useful. The responses to the opt-out letters resulted in completing recruitment for two of the three sites. The research team then called the veterans who received the letter at the third site (three veterans) and recruited one additional veteran, for a total of nine TGD veterans. Opt-out letters may be a helpful tool to recruit TGD veterans to participate in research. Although these letters were designed to opt out, 89% of participants called the research team to opt in. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":"908-915"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140022446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A qualitative study of special operations forces chaplaincy teams' relationship building for suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention.","authors":"Su Yeon Lee-Tauler, Joseph Grammer, Eric Ekman, Jessica LaCroix, Marjan Ghahramanlou-Holloway","doi":"10.1037/ser0000894","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The U.S. special operations forces (SOF) contribute to a range of complex missions and experience high operational tempo, which may result in heightened professional and personal stressors. Those who are experiencing stressors may be reluctant to seek professional mental health services due to career concerns. The chaplaincy community is at the forefront of bearing and responding to the pain of others including those at risk for suicide. As a formative step to developing a tailored suicide prevention curriculum for the U.S. SOF religious support teams (RSTs), we sought to understand SOF RSTs' common strategies for suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention. We conducted confidential interviews with SOF RSTs via telephone and in person. We used an inductive thematic analysis to code a total of 57 transcripts. SOF RSTs prominently expressed that building relationships with SOF community members was foundational to their suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention practices: (a) Suicide prevention involved being available and cultivating a community of insiders who can provide resources as needed prior to crisis escalation; (b) Suicide intervention involved listening and responding to suicide risk and building autonomy for a suicidal SOF member to seek outside help; (c) Suicide postvention involved reaching out to suicide-loss survivors and grieving together through memorial services. The salient theme of building relationships points to opportunities to capitalize on RSTs' social connections and to enhance skills and resources for military suicide prevention, intervention, and postvention practices. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":"797-810"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142073658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informing implementation and dissemination of a specialized primary care medical home for patients with serious mental illness: Clinician and administrator perspectives.","authors":"Melissa Chinchilla, Jared M Greenberg, Stephanie Chassman, Rebecca S Oberman, Alicia A Bergman, Evelyn T Chang, Amy N Cohen, Alison B Hamilton, Sona Hovsepian, Sonya E Gabrielian, Alexander S Young","doi":"10.1037/ser0000848","DOIUrl":"10.1037/ser0000848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>People with serious mental illness (SMI) have lower rates of use of preventative medical services and higher rates of mortality compared to the general population. Research shows that specialized primary care medical homes improve the health care of patients with SMI and are feasible to implement, safe, and more effective than usual care. However, specialized medical homes remain uncommon and model dissemination limited. As part of a controlled trial assessing an SMI-specialized medical home, we examined clinician and administrator perspectives regarding specialized versus mainstream primary care and identified ways to enhance the scale-up of a specialized primary care model for future dissemination. We conducted semistructured interviews with clinicians and administrators at three sites prior to the implementation of an SMI-specialized primary care medical home (<i>n</i> = 26) and at 1-year follow-up (<i>n</i> = 24); one site implemented the intervention, and two sites served as controls. Interviews captured service design features that affected the quality of care provided; contextual factors that supported or impeded medical home implementation; and knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding the care of patients with SMI. Interviews were transcribed and coded. Clinicians and administrators described SMI-specialized primary care medical homes as advancing care coordination and outcomes for patients with SMI. Stakeholders identified elements of a specialized medical home that they viewed as superior to usual care, including having a holistic picture of patients' needs and greater care coordination. However, to enable scale-up, efforts are needed to increase staffing on care teams, develop robust clinician onboarding or training, and ensure close coordination with mental health care providers. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).</p>","PeriodicalId":20749,"journal":{"name":"Psychological Services","volume":" ","pages":"784-791"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}