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"How Can I Get Out of This?": A Qualitative Study of the Phenomenology and Functional Impact of Misophonia in Youth and Families. "我怎样才能摆脱困境?青少年和家庭中的失声症现象学和功能影响的定性研究》(A Qualitative Study of the Phenomenology and Functional Impact of Misophonia in Youth and Families)。
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1159/000535044
Andrew Giles Guzick, Catherine Elizabeth Rast, Brenna Burns Maddox, Servando Rodriguez Barajas, Jane Clinger, Joseph McGuire, Eric A Storch
{"title":"\"How Can I Get Out of This?\": A Qualitative Study of the Phenomenology and Functional Impact of Misophonia in Youth and Families.","authors":"Andrew Giles Guzick, Catherine Elizabeth Rast, Brenna Burns Maddox, Servando Rodriguez Barajas, Jane Clinger, Joseph McGuire, Eric A Storch","doi":"10.1159/000535044","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000535044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Misophonia is an increasingly recognized disorder characterized by negative emotional and sensory reactions to specific noises. Although misophonia most often begins in childhood, there has been minimal research on its clinical presentation in youth. This qualitative study explored cognitive behavioral processes that are involved in misophonia and its associated functional impairment in young people and their families.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Focused interviews were conducted with 20 youth with misophonia (ages 10-17) and their parents. Thematic analyses of these interviews using a cognitive behavioral theoretical framework were conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A number of themes were identified, which included internalizing and externalizing cognitive behavioral processes at the individual level (e.g., hypervigilance, anticipatory anxiety, escape, automatic negative attributions), secondary emotional and functional consequences (e.g., negative perception of self, guilt, anxiety, depression, emotional exhaustion, concentration difficulties at school), as well as significant impacts to school, social life, and particularly to family life (e.g., conflict/tension, anger and resentment, family accommodation). These themes are integrated in a proposed theoretical model.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Misophonia is characterized by several transdiagnostic cognitive behavioral processes, including avoidance, maladaptive cognitions, emotional reactivity, and family communication difficulties, as well as significant functional impairment. Developing treatments that target these processes has the potential to help youth overcome misophonia and improve the quality of life of youth and their families.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"33-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11794031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identity Cannibalism in Narcissistic Persons: Lessons from Anthropology. 自恋者的身份食人:来自人类学的教训。
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-09 DOI: 10.1159/000542331
Milena Mancini, Valentina Urso, Giovanni Stanghellini
{"title":"Identity Cannibalism in Narcissistic Persons: Lessons from Anthropology.","authors":"Milena Mancini, Valentina Urso, Giovanni Stanghellini","doi":"10.1159/000542331","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cannibalism is a practice based on the assimilation of the enemy, characterized by different ritual phases. The cultural anthropologist Francesco Remotti provides insight into this practice, stating that the Tupinamba tribes - an ethnic group living along the Eastern Atlantic coast of Brazil - use it to demonstrate their superiority over the defeated group. After capturing a prisoner, the assimilation process begins, which prepares the prisoner for the cannibalistic act through a specific sequence of steps.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Remotti's research on cannibalism is applicable to the world of narcissism. The way a narcissistic individual relates to others is a paradigmatic example of cannibalistic rituals. This study aimed to catch the structural components of the narcissistic relationship, rooted in Remotti's anthropological perspective, and to explore the associated phenomenological and psychopathological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>We present a new perspective for understanding the interpersonal relationship characteristic of a narcissistic person, which we have termed \"identity cannibalism.\"</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"134-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142802095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Values-Based Psychopathology of Antoni Kępiński (1918-1972). 安东尼-凯宾斯基(1918-1972 年)基于价值观的精神病理学。
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1159/000541688
Marcin Moskalewicz, Andrzej Kapusta, Marcin Rządeczka, Giovanni Stanghellini
{"title":"The Values-Based Psychopathology of Antoni Kępiński (1918-1972).","authors":"Marcin Moskalewicz, Andrzej Kapusta, Marcin Rządeczka, Giovanni Stanghellini","doi":"10.1159/000541688","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The question of the role of personal values in the constitution of and recovery from mental illness is a divisive subject discussed in contemporary psychopathology. This article critically examines the psychopathological theories and contributions of Antoni Kępiński - a seminal yet internationally under-recognized Polish psychiatrist.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Drawing upon a multilayered framework incorporating biological, affective-emotional, and sociocultural dimensions, Kępiński posited mental disorders as disturbances in the energy and information metabolism with the environment leading to an increase in entropy. Kępiński's work also contributes to a richer understanding of schizophrenia (whose essence he metaphorically described as the plasma membrane rupture) and the complexities inherent in the decision-making processes of patients. In a quasi-phenomenological vein, Kępiński encouraged to re-evaluate delusions and hallucinations as opportunities to access unfiltered insights into reality. He also argued for the potential for moral growth within psychiatric treatment.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Kępiński's theories anticipated many concepts now foundational in neuroscientific research and clinical psychiatry, showcasing his role as a forward-thinking figure in the history of the profession.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"143-151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Associations between Childhood Trauma and Epistemic Trust, Attachment, Mentalizing, and Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder. 儿童创伤与认知信任、依恋、心理化和边缘型人格障碍症状之间的关系。
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1159/000542919
Saskia R Y Knapen, Wendy Mensink, Adriaan W Hoogendoorn, Wilma E Swildens, Puck Duits, Joost Hutsebaut, Aartjan T F Beekman
{"title":"Associations between Childhood Trauma and Epistemic Trust, Attachment, Mentalizing, and Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder.","authors":"Saskia R Y Knapen, Wendy Mensink, Adriaan W Hoogendoorn, Wilma E Swildens, Puck Duits, Joost Hutsebaut, Aartjan T F Beekman","doi":"10.1159/000542919","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The construct of epistemic trust (ET) has gained wide acceptance and support in the field, although there is little empirical evidence to substantiate the theoretical assumed model. Studies of the assessment of ET were conducted in community samples only and the mediating role of attachment and mentalizing in addition to ET was not investigated. This study examines the theoretical assumed relationships between ET and attachment and mentalizing as well as the mediating role of attachment, mentalizing and ET in the association between childhood adversity and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in a heterogeneous sample containing also patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The associations between ET and attachment, mentalizing, childhood maltreatment and BPD were explored in a sample of 245 participants, including subjects from the community as well as patients diagnosed with anxiety and personality disorders from two clinical samples. Multiple mediation analysis was performed to explore the mediating role of attachment (ECR-R), mentalizing (RFQ), and ET within the relationship between childhood trauma (CTQ-SF) and BPD (MSI-BPD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Strong relationships between ET and attachment and mentalizing were found indicating that lower degrees of cET are associated with insecure attachment and lower reflective functioning. Attachment, mentalizing, and ET together accounted for 75% of the mediation between childhood adversity and BPD. Hypomentalizing and anxious attachment accounted for the largest share of the mediation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings provide preliminary evidence for the theoretical supposed model of ET and suggest relevance of ET in the mediation between childhood adversity and PDs, although the role of ET seems smaller than assumed by recent theories.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"187-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142984598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
I Feel I Remember: The Phenomenology of Autobiographical Recall in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder. 我感觉我记得:酒精使用障碍患者的自传回忆现象学》(The Phenomenology of Autobiographical Recall in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder)。
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1159/000541804
Clara De Groote, Philippe Tison, Stéphanie Bertin, Olivier Cottencin, Jean-Louis Nandrino
{"title":"I Feel I Remember: The Phenomenology of Autobiographical Recall in Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder.","authors":"Clara De Groote, Philippe Tison, Stéphanie Bertin, Olivier Cottencin, Jean-Louis Nandrino","doi":"10.1159/000541804","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Beyond the memory deficits classically observed in individuals with alcohol use disorder (IwAUD), research has recently focused on the study of autobiographical memory (AM) processes in IwAUD by analysing the content of AM narratives, and the implications for self-conception have been discussed. However, little is known about how IwAUD subjectively experience autobiographical recall.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-seven IwAUD and 37 control participants were invited to perform an AM task that involved recalling memories for 4 life periods (2 important memories per period). Then, they assessed their subjective experience during AM recall using 6 phenomenological scales evaluating emotional valence, emotional intensity, sensory details, distancing, sharing, and vividness. Anxiety and depression symptoms, interoceptive sensibility, and difficulties in emotion regulation were also measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IwAUD experienced greater distancing during AM recall, except during childhood AM recall, indicating that IwAUD are more prone to feeling that the person they are today is different from the person in their retrieved AMs. Very few intergroup differences were observed for AMs from childhood, adolescence-young adulthood, and adulthood, and a greater number of differences were observed for AMs from the last year: the IwAUD experienced AMs with a more negative valence, greater emotional intensity, fewer sensory details, greater distancing, and less sharing. A positive correlation was observed between distancing and interoceptive sensibility in the IwAUD group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although these results suggest good preservation of autonoetic consciousness in IwAUD, except for more recent AMs, it is insufficient for IwAUD to experience a sense of self-continuity. This difficulty in maintaining a continuous sense of self may constitute a risk for AUD relapse.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"94-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142648610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Diurnal Profiles of the Endocrine Stress Response in Internet Gaming Disorder. 网络游戏障碍患者内分泌压力反应的昼夜曲线
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1159/000541292
Alina Killer, Patrick Köck, Johanna Klar, Stefan Lerch, Julian Koenig, Marialuisa Cavelti, Jochen Kindler, Michael Kaess
{"title":"Diurnal Profiles of the Endocrine Stress Response in Internet Gaming Disorder.","authors":"Alina Killer, Patrick Köck, Johanna Klar, Stefan Lerch, Julian Koenig, Marialuisa Cavelti, Jochen Kindler, Michael Kaess","doi":"10.1159/000541292","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Differences in subjective stress perception and acute response of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis have been reported in internet gaming disorder (IGD). The present study aimed to further investigate alterations in diurnal profiles of the endocrine stress response system in IGD compared to healthy controls (HCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The diurnal course of endocrine markers (salivary cortisol and α-amylase) was investigated in a clinical sample of n = 29 adolescents with IGD compared to n = 26 HC. Further, the effect of unrestricted gaming versus restricted gaming was examined within the IGD group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in salivary cortisol and α-amylase were observed comparing adolescents with IGD and HC. In addition, in the IGD group, there were no significant differences in salivary cortisol and α-amylase between conditions of unrestricted gaming versus restricted gaming. Compared to the HC group, the IGD group showed a significantly higher body mass index.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate no alteration in diurnal profiles of the endocrine stress response in IGD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"152-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12136507/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Autobiographical Memory in Feeding and Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review. 喂养和进食障碍中的自传体记忆:系统回顾。
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-08 DOI: 10.1159/000540901
Fabio Frisone, Giulia Brizzi, Maria Sansoni, Anna Flavia Di Natale, Silvia Francesca Maria Pizzoli, Giovanni Stanghellini, Giuseppe Riva
{"title":"Autobiographical Memory in Feeding and Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Fabio Frisone, Giulia Brizzi, Maria Sansoni, Anna Flavia Di Natale, Silvia Francesca Maria Pizzoli, Giovanni Stanghellini, Giuseppe Riva","doi":"10.1159/000540901","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540901","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prominent eating disorders (EDs) theories identify a critical relationship between body and self. One of the ways to study this relationship is through autobiographical memories (AMs). The present review aimed to evaluate the studies that investigated AM in patients with EDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases was performed to identify relevant articles. Of the 57,113 studies found, 25,016 were not duplicated. After screening, 27 articles were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The studies had some methodological flaws: none of the articles was a randomized control trial and the sample sizes were small. Nevertheless, important evidence emerged because all studies showed that patients with EDs have impaired AM function. This is because the way patients with EDs remember and define themselves is through an allocentric perspective associated with the gazes of others whose role has an impact on AM, body shape, and self.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first systematic review to examine AM in patients with EDs. Future research is needed in EDs to expand knowledge about the relationship between the body and the self.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"44-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring Associations of Somatic Symptom Disorder with Personality Dysfunction and Specific Maladaptive Traits. 探索躯体症状障碍与人格功能障碍和特定适应不良特质的关联。
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-06 DOI: 10.1159/000540161
Victoria von Schrottenberg, André Kerber, Philipp Sterner, Clara Teusen, Pauline Beigel, Klaus Linde, Peter Henningsen, Sabine C Herpertz, Jochen Gensichen, Antonius Schneider
{"title":"Exploring Associations of Somatic Symptom Disorder with Personality Dysfunction and Specific Maladaptive Traits.","authors":"Victoria von Schrottenberg, André Kerber, Philipp Sterner, Clara Teusen, Pauline Beigel, Klaus Linde, Peter Henningsen, Sabine C Herpertz, Jochen Gensichen, Antonius Schneider","doi":"10.1159/000540161","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>According to ICD-11, personality disorders (PDs) are defined by the severity of self and interpersonal dysfunction in terms of personality functioning (PF) and an optional assessment of specific maladaptive personality trait expressions. Also, somatoform disorders are replaced by somatic symptom disorder (SSD). This study examines associations using the novel diagnostic criteria of SSD in an unselected primary care sample, PF, and maladaptive traits in patients with and without SSD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An anonymized cross-sectional study was conducted. A questionnaire including SSD-12 (Somatic Symptom Disorder B Criteria Scale-12) and PHQ-15 (Patient Health Questionnaire-15), LPFS-BF 2.0 (Level of Personality Functioning Scale - Brief Form) and PID-5BF+M (Modified Personality Inventory for DSM-5 - Brief Form Plus) was used. A bifactor (S-1) model was calculated with PF (reference for general factor) and personality traits (specific factors) to estimate associations between PF, specific maladaptive personality traits, and SSD. Differences in personality scales between SSD and non-SSD patients were calculated with the Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 624 patients in six general practices participated (mean age 47 years; 60.4% female). SSD-12 and PHQ-15, respectively, showed significant associations with PF (γ = 0.51; γ = 0.48; p < 0.001), negative affectivity (γ = 0.50; γ = 0.38, p < 0.001) and psychoticism (γ = 0.29; γ = 0.28; p < 0.010). Besides, SSD-12 was significantly associated with disinhibition (γ = -0.38; p < 0.010) and anankastia (γ = -0.16; p < 0.010). Patients with SSD showed significantly impaired PF and maladaptive traits in all scales (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Impaired PF explains moderate to large amounts of the SSD symptoms and maladaptive personality traits negative affectivity, psychoticism, disinhibition, and anankastia show specific associations beyond PF. An in-depth understanding of these relations might be helpful to improve doctor-patient communication and treatment in SSD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Glutamatergic Effects of Clinical Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depressed Populations: A Preliminary Meta-Analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies. 临床重复经颅磁刺激对抑郁症人群的谷氨酸能效应:质子磁共振波谱研究的初步元分析》(Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies)。
IF 1.9 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.1159/000538690
Maggie K Pecsok, Arianna Mordy, Mario A Cristancho, Desmond Oathes, David R Roalf
{"title":"The Glutamatergic Effects of Clinical Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Depressed Populations: A Preliminary Meta-Analysis of Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Studies.","authors":"Maggie K Pecsok, Arianna Mordy, Mario A Cristancho, Desmond Oathes, David R Roalf","doi":"10.1159/000538690","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538690","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) alleviates symptoms of major depressive disorder, but its neurobiological mechanisms remain to be fully understood. Growing evidence from proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1HMRS) studies suggests that rTMS alters excitatory and inhibitory neurometabolites. This preliminary meta-analysis aims to quantify current trends in the literature and identify future directions for the field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ten eligible studies that quantified Glutamate (Glu), Glu+Glutamine (Glx), or GABA before and after an rTMS intervention in depressed samples were sourced from PubMed, MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Google Scholar, and primary literature following PRISMA guidelines. Data were pooled using a random-effects model, Cohen's d effect sizes were calculated, and moderators, such as neurometabolite and 1HMRS sequence, were assessed. It was hypothesized that rTMS would increase cortical neurometabolites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within-subjects data from 224 cases encompassing 31 neurometabolite effects (k) were analyzed. Active rTMS in clinical responders (n = 128; k = 22) nominally increased glutamatergic neurometabolites (d = 0.15 [95% CI: -0.01, 0.30], p = 0.06). No change was found in clinical nonresponders (p = 0.8) or sham rTMS participants (p = 0.4). A significant increase was identified in Glx (p = 0.01), but not Glu (p = 0.6). Importantly, effect size across conditions were associated with the number of rTMS pulses patients received (p = 0.05), suggesting dose dependence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinical rTMS is associated with a nominal, dose-dependent increase in glutamatergic neurometabolites, suggesting rTMS may induce Glu-dependent neuroplasticity and upregulate neurometabolism. More, larger scale studies adhering to established acquisition and reporting standards are needed to further elucidate the neurometabolic mechanisms of rTMS.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724939/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association between Pathological Narcissism and Emotion Dysregulation: A Systematic Review. 病理性自恋与情绪失调之间的关系:系统回顾
IF 3.6 3区 医学
Psychopathology Pub Date : 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1159/000538546
Martin Blay, Marie-Aude Cham, Miguel Duarte, Elsa Ronningstam
{"title":"Association between Pathological Narcissism and Emotion Dysregulation: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Martin Blay, Marie-Aude Cham, Miguel Duarte, Elsa Ronningstam","doi":"10.1159/000538546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000538546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pathological narcissism (PN) can be defined as the compromised and fluctuating ability to regulate self-esteem, the latter depending on external validation, admiration, or enhancement, all resulting in grandiose (e.g., self-enhancement, aggressiveness, manipulation) or vulnerable (e.g., depression, anxiety, self-criticism, avoidance) dysfunctional reactions when confronting with self-esteem threats. A link has been suggested between PN and emotion dysregulation (ED), but to date, no systematic review has been conducted.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic review of the literature published until February 2024 studying the association between PN (with or without a diagnosis of narcissistic personality disorder) and ED, divided in two domains: emotion regulation difficulties and strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-two studies were included in our analysis. Altogether, the available data are insufficient to conclude on the link between grandiose narcissism and emotion regulation difficulties in non-clinical population (notably due to different patterns of associations depending on the scale used to assess narcissism). However, the small number of studies conducted in clinical population seems to indicate a possible absence of association between the two constructs. On the other side, there is considerable evidence for the existence of a positive association between vulnerable narcissism and emotion regulation difficulties, regardless of the scale used to assess narcissism and the type of population considered. Finally, regarding emotion regulation strategies, data are too scarce to draw any conclusion, even though there seems to be a trend toward positive association between narcissistic vulnerability and expressive suppression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ED seems to be highly associated with narcissistic vulnerability. Given that every patient suffering from PN may experience vulnerable states, we believe that ED should be considered as an important part of psychoeducation programs and psychotherapeutic treatments designed for this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141318154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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