Psychopathology最新文献

{"title":"A Network Analysis of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Symptoms in Chinese Adolescents.","authors":"Ying Hu, Lingfeng Wang, Xinyi Tang, Qihan Zhang, Qiang Wang, Haibo Yang","doi":"10.1159/000547479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health problems are highly prevalent among adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the interrelations among depressive, anxiety, and stress-related symptoms in Chinese adolescents using a symptom network approach.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional survey was conducted in October 2022 in Tianjin, China. Symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress were assessed using the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). Network analysis was employed to examine centrality, stability, and predictability of symptoms. Network Comparison Tests (NCTs) were used to assess structural differences across gender and residential status. In addition, a flow network analysis was performed to identify symptoms most strongly associated with stress.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 660 Chinese adolescents participated in the study. The most central symptom in the network was \"Feeling down,\" followed by \"Palpitations,\" \"Nervousness,\" \"Agitation,\" and \"Difficulty relaxing.\" Key bridge symptoms included \"Worrying,\" \"Feeling down,\" \"Near panic,\" and \"Nervousness.\" NCT results indicated no significant differences in the network structures by gender or residence. In the flow network, \"Feeling down\" demonstrated the strongest direct association with stress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Specific central and bridge symptoms may play a pivotal role in the onset and maintenance of depression, anxiety, and stress among Chinese adolescents. These findings highlight potential targets for early intervention and prevention efforts in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personality Organization, Childhood Adversity, and Paranoid Thinking: Moderating and mediating pathways.","authors":"Jürgen Fuchshuber, Maria Gruber, Karin Feichtinger, Miriam Klauser, Karoline Parth, Nestor Kapusta, Stephan Doering, Victor Blüml","doi":"10.1159/000547518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547518","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study investigates the relationship between personality organization, childhood trauma and paranoid thinking. It is hypothesized that personality organization mediates as well as moderates the link between paranoia and childhood adversity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed sample of patients and control participants (N = 119; 76% psychiatric patients; 71% female) was diagnostically assessed according to psychopathology (SCID I &amp; II, BSI-53), personality organization (STIPO) and childhood trauma (CTQ). Mediation effects were analyzed within a Bayesian path modelling approach. We assessed potential moderation effects of personality organization by estimating interaction effects in the SPSS macro PROCESS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant positive correlations were found between childhood trauma, personality organization, and paranoid thinking (all p < .001). Mediation analysis showed that personality organization partially mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and paranoid thinking (indirect effect, B = .14, 95% CrI [.07, .23], p < .01), however only if not corrected for general psychiatric symptom load. In contrast, moderation analysis indicated that personality organization moderated the relationship (ΔR² = .02, F(6,112) = 4.93, p < .05), if controlled for unspecific psychopathology, with stronger personality dysfunction intensifying the link between childhood trauma and paranoid thinking.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study generally supports the hypothesis that personality organization plays a critical role in linking childhood trauma to paranoid thinking, acting as both, mediator and moderator. This suggests that deficits in personality structure partly explain and modulate the association of childhood adversity with paranoid ideation. The complex role of general psychopathology in this relationship is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144691290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Which Mechanism Kicks in When? Temporal Changes in the Effect of Transtheoretical Factors on Symptom Distress Over the Course of Therapy.","authors":"Brian Schwartz, Danilo Moggia, Jay Lawrynowicz, Julian A Rubel, Wolfgang Lutz","doi":"10.1159/000546285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The mechanisms of change in psychological therapies have not yet been sufficiently empirically validated. In particular, the time course of their effects on patients' symptom distress is unknown. Therefore, the aims of the present study were (1) to examine the effects of four patient experiences, namely interpersonal (IE), coping (CE), affective (AE), and resource-related experiences (RE), on symptom distress within and between patients, (2) to consider the temporal development of the within-patient effects, and (3) to examine their associations with the final treatment outcome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Within- and between-patient effects of IE, CE, AE, and RE on session-level symptom distress were calculated for n = 2208 outpatients treated by n = 253 therapists. Patient experiences were measured after each session using session reports, outcome was assessed with the HSCL-11 at the beginning of each session and with the OQ-30 after treatment. Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to examine the within- and between-patient associations. Temporal changes in the within-patient effects were modelled using rolling windows and three-level LMMs (sessions nested in windows and patients).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within-patient components of all four patient experiences were significantly associated with symptom distress (b = -0.006 to b = -0.057), while none of the between-patient components were. The effects of all four patient experiences diminished over time (b = 0.000 to b = 0.001). The effects of IE, CE, and RE remained negative and significant, but the effect of AE crossed zero and became significantly positive with an increasing window number. A greater decrease in the within-patient effects of IE (b = -0.001) and CE (b = -0.001) on HSCL-11 was associated with better final treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results suggest that all four change factors are drivers of successful therapy, particularly in the early sessions. Over the course of treatment their impact on symptom distress diminishes, which appears to be beneficial for the final treatment outcome. In the future, differences between patients in the temporal dynamics of change factors should be investigated to inform transtheoretical and process-based treatments that support therapists in personalizing their treatments to individual patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From experience to symptoms: a multilayer hierarchy of psychopathological dimensions in schizophrenia.","authors":"Stephan Lechner, Karl Erik Sandsten, Dusan Hirjak, Jonas Daub, Stefan Fritze, Geva A Brandt, Filipe Arantes-Gonçalves, Angelika Wolman, Riccardo Stefanelli, Julian Gojer, Sanjiv Gulati, Hasan Hersi, Josef Parnas, Georg Northoff","doi":"10.1159/000547153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000547153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction The psychopathology of schizophrenia is a complex amalgamation of features that span across different dimensions. These dimensions range from the experience of altered time and space through self-disorders to perceptual, positive and negative symptoms. The relationship between these different psychopathological dimensions remains unclear. Addressing this gap is the aim of our study. Methods We collected data on schizophrenia spectrum disorder at three medical expert centers, via semi-structured phenomenological interviews, consisting of the Scale for Space and Time Experience in Psychosis (STEP), the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia (PANSS) and, for a subset of this data, the Examination of Anomalous Self Experience (EASE) and the perceptual domain of the Bonn Scale for the Assessment of Basic Symptoms (BSABS; or BONN). Various state of the art statistical methods including network and mediation analyses were used to investigate the relationships between these psychopathological dimensions. Results We found a relationship between altered time and space experiences (STEP) and both general symptoms (PANSS) and the basic self-disorders (EASE). Conclusion Our various network and mediation analyses show that the basic self-disturbance is a key node in mediating the impact of the more fundamental time and space disturbances on both perceptual changes, and negative, positive and general symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latent Profiles of Parental Psychological Control, Harsh Parenting, and Adolescent Psychological Resilience: Associations with Adolescent Depressive Symptoms.","authors":"Zhenli You, Yifan Zhang, Haoxian Ye, Fang Fan","doi":"10.1159/000546656","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In terms of the risk of developing depressive symptoms, adolescents are a heterogeneous group according to their characteristics and environment. However, the effect of the heterogeneity on depressive symptoms remains unclear. Although the effects of parental psychological control, harsh parenting, and adolescent psychological resilience (as a trait in this article) have been well documented, these factors are generally examined separately, while little is known about their interactive effects on adolescent mental health. The goal of this study was to explore latent profiles of parenting and adolescent psychological resilience and to compare the corresponding levels of depressive symptoms in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Self-reported data from 1,049 adolescents (Mage = 14.2 ± 1.7, Nboy = 432) were used in latent profile analysis to categorize participants based on parental psychological control, harsh parenting, and adolescent psychological resilience. Multinomial logistic regression was employed to examine the associations between latent profiles and adolescent depressive symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three distinct profiles emerged, each associated with different levels of adolescent depressive symptoms after adjusting for covariates: supportive and resilient profile (n = 308, 29.4%; reference), struggling and vulnerable profile (n = 463, 44.1%; odds ratio [OR], 2.31; 95% CI, 1.96-2.71), and pressured but adaptive profile (n = 278, 26.5%; OR, 4.44; 95% CI, 3.75-5.25).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals with highest level of depressive symptoms were more likely to be classified into pressured but adaptive profile. Parents should avoid psychological control and harsh parenting in the process of raising children.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associations of Anxiety Symptoms among Young Overweight or Obese Patients with Major Depressive Disorder.","authors":"Ting Wang, Yu Tang, Sanrong Xiao, Xiangyang Zhang","doi":"10.1159/000546692","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546692","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Overweight or obesity often co-occurs with depression among young adults. Major depressive disorder (MDD) frequently occurs alongside anxiety; nevertheless, research exploring the interaction between anxiety symptoms and MDD in young adults with overweight or obesity is limited. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of comorbid anxiety among young adults with overweight/obesity concomitant with MDD. Additionally, it aimed to identify predictors of anxiety within this demographic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study involved 523 young adults with overweight/obesity concomitant with MDD (age 18-35 years). Their demographic characteristics, clinical variables, and fasting biochemical parameters were collected utilizing the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of anxiety symptoms was 50.8%. Correlation analysis suggested strong associations between total HAMD scores and various factors, including total HAMA scores, body mass index, suicidal tendencies, and psychotic symptoms. Binary regression identified four clinical variables, namely, HAMD scores, thyroid-stimulating hormone levels, excitement levels, and fasting blood glucose, as significant risk factors for anxiety within this demographic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, this research highlights a substantial prevalence of anxiety symptoms among young adults with overweight/obesity concomitant with MDD. Furthermore, it elucidates four risk factors associated with concurrent anxiety symptoms among this demographic. These findings have significant clinical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Change in Emotional Arousal Variance in Clients with Borderline Personality Disorder during a Brief Psychiatric Treatment.","authors":"Loris Grandjean, Tobias Rohrbach, Aline Garbani, Fabienne Läderach, Ines Culina, José Blanco Machinea, Hélène Beuchat, Livia Alerci, Stéphane Kolly, Ueli Kramer","doi":"10.1159/000546284","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research in the field of psychotherapy suggests that emotional arousal (EA) might be a key element to therapeutic success. However, its relevance depends on a situation-bound complex process, requiring its assessment at the right time and in relation to significant personal themes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article is a secondary analysis of a 4-month treatment RCT with two arms (General Psychiatric Management and Treatment As Usual) for borderline personality disorder (BPD). Fifty-five clients with BPD (GPM group: n = 28; TAU group: n = 27) as well as healthy controls (n = 29) participated in the study. We assessed them (intake, 2 months and discharge for the BPD group and intake and at consistent intervals for the healthy controls) using an experiential two-chair dialogue focused on the client's self-criticism, ensuring the idiosyncratic relevance of the aroused state. We evaluated EA during the two-chair dialogue at three time points (two for the controls) over the course of treatment via self-reported (Self-Assessment Manikin) and observer-rated (Client Emotional Arousal Scale-III) scales as well as borderline symptomatology (ZAN-BPD) and general psychological distress (Outcome Questionnaire 45).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In line with our expectations, we find that participants with diagnosed BPD show higher EA variance compared to controls. This heightened EA variance changes range over the course of the 4-month psychiatric treatment, with participants in the control and BPD groups showing levels of EA variance that are not significantly different at T3. There is no evidence that lower EA variance is associated with reduced symptoms.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In the treatment of BPD, change in EA variance may be a key element as it normalizes throughout the brief intervention. However, more research is needed to clarify the relationship between this normalization and symptom reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144199903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association between Self-Reported Self-Disturbance Phenomena and Personal Recovery in Patients with a Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder, Siblings, and Controls.","authors":"Auke Jelsma, Stéphanie Dijkstra, Sietske Wiemer, Astrid Vellinga, Mariken de Koning, Wiepke Cahn, Claudia Simons, Marieke van der Pluijm, Lieuwe de Haan","doi":"10.1159/000546557","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Self-disturbance phenomena are increasingly recognized as fundamental and debilitating features for patients with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD). The concept of personal recovery describes the process of building a meaningful and satisfying life despite persistent symptoms or challenges related to mental illness. No previous study has investigated the association between self-disturbance phenomena and personal recovery in patients with SSD. Understanding the impact of self-disturbance could strengthen the therapeutic alliance with patients and contribute to the development of treatment strategies supporting their recovery.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate whether severity of self-reported self-disturbance phenomena is associated with the level of self-reported personal recovery in patients with SSD, their unaffected siblings, and healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In a cross-sectional design with 522 patients with SSD, 608 unaffected siblings, and 369 healthy controls, the frequency and distress of self-disturbance phenomena was measured with the Self-Experience Lifetime Frequency Scale (SELF). Personal recovery was assessed with the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS-24). Spearman's rank correlation coefficients between both scales were examined. Subsequent multiple hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to assess additional explained variance in personal recovery by severity of self-disturbance phenomena, adjusting for positive, negative, and general symptomatology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant correlations were reported between higher SELF and lower RAS-24 scores for patients (ρ = -0.20, p < 0.001), siblings (ρ = -0.24, p < 0.001), and controls (ρ = -0.16, p < 0.005). The severity of self-disturbance phenomena significantly albeit modestly predicted total personal recovery score after adjusting for positive, negative, and general symptoms for patients (R2 change = 0.035, β = -0.19, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Current findings suggest that self-reported self-disturbance phenomena are relevant for the personal recovery of patients with SSD. Healthcare practitioners are urged for attention to patients' first-person perspectives, including experiences of self-disturbance.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12252144/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144174679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pornographic Culture and Erotic Culture: Logics of Desire and Psychopathological Forms.","authors":"Riccardo Poggioli, Giovanni Stanghellini","doi":"10.1159/000546332","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546332","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In times of rapid and profound sociocultural changes and the related metamorphosis of psychopathological forms, there is a need for greater commitment on the part of clinical phenomenology in analyzing these changes and reciprocal influences between culture and psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Questioning one-dimensional definitions of society, this work probes the dialectic of cultures inherent in every society, addressing the complex interpolation of different sets of beliefs, behaviors, and values. The aim was to introduce and discuss a couple of them, which are here named pornographic culture and erotic culture, and the forms that enjoyment and desire take in each of them. The phenomenological method, typically used to investigate individual experience, is thus extended to the analysis of the existential structures of such cultures, exploring the idea that pornographic culture and erotic culture dispose a precise symbolic framework that affects the experience of time, space, body, Self, and Otherness of individuals.</p><p><strong>Key message: </strong>Pornographic culture is characterized by enjoyment imperative, whereas erotic culture is characterized by unattainable fulfilment of one's desire. The \"cultural existentials\" structured by these cultures are conceived as the inclined plane on which human presence moves and unfolds and are examined in order to try to grasp their resonances with the various forms of suffering characteristic of contemporary age, establishing a dialogue between some distinctive anthropological forms of late modernity - namely homo nevroticus, homo œconomicus, and homo dissipans - and the forms of psychopathological existence in which they can result and crystallize.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144079782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EAIE Scale: The Examination of Autistic Intersubjective Experiences - A Qualitative Tool to the Exploration of Sociality.","authors":"Valeria Bizzari, Tim Schnitzler, Thomas Fuchs","doi":"10.1159/000545919","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Examination of Autistic Intersubjective Experiences is a semi-structured interview aimed at a phenomenological exploration of experiential and subjective ways of dealing with sociality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As a qualitative study, this work can be understood in continuity with Examination of Anomalous Self-Experience (EASE) and Examination of Anomalous World Experience (EAWE). While these models focus on anomalies of selfhood and experience of the external world, respectively, this semi-structured interview focuses instead on the divergent ways dealing with intersubjective experience and on the difficulties that people with a diagnosis of autism experience in the social domain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The advantages are both theoretic and practical: from a philosophical perspective, it will be interesting to observe how intersubjectivity works. From a clinical perspective, the collected data will be useful both for clinicians and caregivers, allowing them to better understand and cope with the autistic subject, and favor the communication between different social styles.</p>","PeriodicalId":20723,"journal":{"name":"Psychopathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}