Procedia CIRP最新文献

{"title":"Automating Radio Communication Training: A Protocol-Aware Chatbot Using Context Engineering for Human-centric Industrial Operations","authors":"Kendrik Yan Hong Lim ,&nbsp;Ziqing Xia ,&nbsp;Zhi Hao Ho ,&nbsp;Marvin Carl May ,&nbsp;Kamal Youcef-Toumi","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In human-centric industries such as transportation and heavy manufacturing, strict adherence to safety-critical radio communication (RC) protocols is essential for operational efficiency and safety. Traditional training methods rely on human instructors, who may introduce inconsistencies or biases. While chatbots present a scalable alternative, conventional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems often fail to enforce protocol compliance reliably. Hence, a protocol-aware training chatbot is proposed to bridge this gap, leveraging context engineering and few-shot learning with Large Language Models (LLMs) to deliver industry-specific and protocol-compliant responses. Validated through a transportation case study, this chatbot system demonstrates robust consistency in RC protocol enforcement across 18 scenarios of varying complexity. An integrated scoring mechanism evaluates trainee performance and provides corrective feedback, enhancing learning outcomes. By providing practical and human-like experiences in RC training, this system can be adapted across industries to reduce miscommunication risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 23-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum-enhanced discrete-event simulation and optimization of sequence-dependent job scheduling with setup times","authors":"Christopher Sowinski ,&nbsp;Yufei Feng ,&nbsp;Simon Schlichte ,&nbsp;Oguz Kedilioglu ,&nbsp;Jörg Franke ,&nbsp;Sebastian Reitelshöfer","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Process simulation tools, such as discrete-event simulation (DES), offer domain experts low-barrier environments for designing and evaluating industrial processes, avoiding the expense and complexity of physical prototypes. While classical optimization approaches are routinely embedded in DES workflows, quantum-enhanced optimization remains largely unexplored. With the emergence of advanced quantum computing hardware, integrating it into industrial optimization has become realistic and the potential to unlock faster, more cost-effective solutions for complex scheduling, routing, and resource allocation compared to classical methods. To broaden its adoption among domain experts without a background in quantum theory, we must offer intuitive, application-oriented software tools. Yet the ecosystem of such frameworks is vast, and guidance is lacking as to which platform or library best suits a given domain expert´s needs. In this work, we bridge the gap between DES and quantum optimization by first conducting a literature review of existing quantum application-oriented optimization frameworks. From these findings, we derive recommendations, answering which tools and platforms engineers or researchers can choose to formulate and test their DES optimization problems across multiple quantum backends. Building on our survey, we introduce a theoretical framework that integrates quantum-optimization algorithms directly into the DES optimization cycle. We then apply this framework to the benchmark sequence-dependent job-scheduling problem with setup times (SDJST), which, to the best of our knowledge, constitutes one of the first quantum-enabled simulation-optimization studies for this problem. We further validate that classical optimization approaches outperform for smaller problem sizes, whereas the quantum approach becomes increasingly promising as the problem size grows.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 66-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147425108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synchronisation of a machine-integrated monitoring system for recording process emissions in additive manufacturing","authors":"Eckart Uhlmann ,&nbsp;Julian Polte ,&nbsp;Manuel Bösing ,&nbsp;Hao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of additive manufacturing, process monitoring is of significant importance, given the inherent challenges associated with achieving stable production. Industrial facilities are already equipped with monitoring systems that utilise photodiodes to record process emissions across various wavelength ranges. The photodiodes are coupled to the laser optics, thereby ensuring that only the emissions in the melt pool are recorded. An approach has previously been demonstrated whereby the production strategy of an industrial machine is adapted in such a manner that process emissions are also recorded at a greater distance from the working laser. Nevertheless, the absence of synchronisation between the measurement results poses a significant challenge in this context. This is accompanied by a paucity of clarity regarding the exact location of the recorded process emissions. The present article thus sets out a methodology for synchronising the measurement data, and consequently, for localising the process emissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 152-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147425082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Molecular Dynamics of Grain Regulation in Polycrystalline Tin under Plasma Modification and Annealing Processes","authors":"Yuexiang Wang ,&nbsp;Shengzhu Cao ,&nbsp;Peng Lyu","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.09.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.09.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soft polycrystalline tin, owing to its exceptional physical properties, finds various applications, such as energy and medical devices. However, achieving superior surface quality in machining of this material remains challenging due to the deleterious impact of grain boundary (GB) step effects on surface roughness. This study systematically investigates the mechanistic interplay between plasma modification and annealing treatments on GB evolution in polycrystalline tin, employing molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate atomic-scale behaviors. Complementary experimental comparisons of grain growth dynamics are conducted using electron backscatter diffraction and white-light interferometry for microstructural and topographical characterization. Results demonstrate that while thermal annealing induces moderate grain coarsening through temperature-driven GB migration and subsequent boundary reduction, plasma modification introduces a distinct transformation pathway. The localized thermal effects of plasma treatment enable directional grain growth via transient high-temperature melting-induced grain fusion, yielding more pronounced grain enlargement and significant GB density reduction. It is confirmed that single-point diamond turning of plasma-modified specimens is capable of achieving sub-nanometer surface roughness, surpassing the performance of conventionally annealed counterparts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 292-297"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147425466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"6D Pose Estimation of Stator Windings from CT-Measurements","authors":"Erik Bär ,&nbsp;Edwin Blum ,&nbsp;Florian Stamer ,&nbsp;Gisela Lanza","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2025.08.190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the manufacturing of electric motors, the quality of wire windings is a critical factor determining motor performance and reliability. Defective windings typically result in motor rejection during production, necessitating effective quality control methods. Non-destructive evaluation via computed tomography (CT) offers a promising approach for assessing internal components, although data analysis presents significant challenges. In this study, we introduce a novel method to extract the complete 6D pose of stator windings from CT measurements. The method applies a topology-preserving thinning algorithm to reduce segmented wires to their medial axis, from which positional and curvature data are derived. Local twist about the wire’s axis is quantified by analysing image moments in orthogonal cross-sections along the winding. Validation with synthetic CT data and physical motor replicas demonstrates high precision in estimating wire positions and rotations, including intricate bending and twisting behaviours. Future work will focus on optimizing the method to enhance its robustness against the noise inherent in real-world CT scans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"139 ","pages":"Pages 268-273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147425450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Disassembly Line Balancing with Consideration of Disassembly Depth and Uncertainties","authors":"Maik Nübel ,&nbsp;Carl-Philipp Immanuel Oltmanns ,&nbsp;Matthias Schmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disassembly of end-of-life (EoL) products is a critical enabler of product reuse and the extension of usage cycles within the circular economy. However, the economic efficiency of the disassembly processes remains a major barrier, particularly in high-wage countries. Due to heterogeneous EoL product conditions and the need for process adaptability, disassembly is often performed manually by skilled workers. To ensure cost-effectiveness, it is essential to minimize non-value-adding activities and maximize worker utilization. A promising method to improve efficiency is the use of divergent disassembly depths, where certain disassembly steps are intentionally omitted. While this approach reduces processing time and improves labor efficiency, it introduces complexity into linked disassembly systems, particularly with regard to line balancing. Omitted disassembly steps can lead to workstation imbalances and utilization losses. This paper introduces a Disassembly Line Balancing (DLB) approach tailored to processes with divergent disassembly depths. A simplified simulation model is implemented, enabling effective balancing and improved productivity. Furthermore, the study validates key uncertainties and evaluates their impact on overall performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 126-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and prioritization of key levers for sustainable mold manufacturing","authors":"Wolfgang Boos ,&nbsp;Thomas Eberius ,&nbsp;Leonhard Klisch ,&nbsp;Helen Baumert","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mold manufacturing for injection molding remains a resource-intensive process with limited analysis on where sustainability actions create the most value. Despite growing awareness, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) often lack structured, evidence-based approaches to prioritize impactful levers. This study introduces a systematic identification and prioritization of sustainability levers across the mold manufacturing value chain. In collaboration with six mold making companies in Germany and Austria, more than 300 potential levers were identified through detailed process analysis and expert workshops. These were consolidated into a set of 97 actionable levers and evaluated by eleven industry experts according to sustainability impact and practical feasibility. To complement the qualitative findings, Product Carbon Footprint (PCF) assessments were conducted on five representative injection molds. The findings revealed major emission hotspots across Scope 1, 2, and 3 categories and enabled a targeted alignment between levers and environmental impact. The results are consolidated into a ranked Catalog of sustainability levers that offers practical guidance for SMEs to implement high-impact levers and improve their sustainability performance. This Catalog, presented in full within the paper, aligns qualitative insights with quantitative emission data to support strategic decision-making. By doing so, the study provides a concrete foundation for mold manufacturers to develop targeted sustainability roadmaps and strengthen their competitiveness in increasingly sustainability-driven markets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 114-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concept for environmentally oriented engineering in composites industry based on LCA","authors":"Aljoscha Hieronymus ,&nbsp;Kevin Christopher Dorling ,&nbsp;Klaus Drechsler","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon fibre-reinforced plastics (CFRP) offer great potential for lightweight structures and, due to the achievable weight savings and resulting fuel and energy savings, they can contribute to reducing environmental impacts in the use phase in mobility sector. However, the potential for reductions depends on the manufacturing phase, as this is associated with high environmental impacts compared to other material classes. As the overall environmental impact of a composite structure is largely determined at the early development phase in engineering, significant optimizations could be achieved by integrating it as a target figure. This applies in particular to the CFRP-industry, given the intrinsic relationship between component and production design. An early quantitative evaluation using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method can facilitate the environmentally oriented comparison of different variants and the evaluation of optimization options. Existing ecodesign or ‘simple LCA’ methods use a high level of component abstraction, resulting in reduced informative value. In contrast, an LCA-compliant approach can provide a greater level of detail and information but has not yet been applied in the early development phase of CFRPs. The primary challenges include high time consumption and complexity of carrying out the LCA, lack of information and the greater uncertainty of the results. The paper presents an LCA-compliant approach to enhance an environmentally oriented engineering in CFRP-industry by addressing the described challenges. The approach consists of three steps: analyzing available and required data(-sources), identifying the appropriate engineering step for environmental assessment, and implementing a framework for (semi-) automated assessment. The implementation of this approach is demonstrated for an aviation company using a practical example of a structural CFRP component and considering the company-specific information availability, data systems, and engineering process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 551-556"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148059994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Climate-Neutral Factories: Agent-Based Simulation to Decarbonize Factory Systems with Renewable Energy","authors":"Christoph Imdahl Habel ,&nbsp;Florian Scheffler ,&nbsp;Sabrina Zellmer ,&nbsp;Christoph Herrmann","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accelerated ramp-up of hydrogen technologies and new regulatory frameworks are driving industrial actors to develop decarbonization strategies for both their products and factory systems based on renewable energy. A key example is the revised Renewable Energy Directive (RED III), which for the first time introduces a specific target for the use of Renewable Fuels of Non-Biological Origin (RFNBOs) in industry. By 2030, RFNBOs must cover 42% of industrial hydrogen consumption. As a result, companies are increasingly exploring not only how carbon-intensive products like steel or ammonia can be produced in a CO₂-neutral manner using hydrogen, but also how the energy system of industrial sites can become climate-neutral. The modeling and simulation of such energy systems are characterized by high complexity, variety and dynamic interactions between the energy infrastructure and the production system of a factory. As a result, creating tailored simulation models for energy planning often requires significant time and cost investments. To address this challenge, this paper presents a novel simulation approach based on a generic, agent-based, energy-flow-oriented simulation framework. It enables the quantification of technical, economic and environmental impacts of decarbonization scenarios involving renewable energy and renewable fuels at the factory level. A key strength of the proposed framework lies in its modular and flexible architecture, which facilitates broad applicability across different industrial contexts and supports systematic improvements in energy flexibility. The paper provides a brief overview of current research on energy system simulation in factory systems. It then details the structure and operational logic of the developed simulation framework. The applicability and scalability of the approach are demonstrated through a case study involving an electronics manufacturing facility. Implemented decarbonization measures and their corresponding CO₂ savings are presented, highlighting the practical value of the simulation for supporting industrial transformation pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 539-544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Greenhouse Gas Reduction Potential through Eco-Design of Elevators with Consideration of Regional Characteristics","authors":"Satoshi Ihara ,&nbsp;Takashi Abe ,&nbsp;Akihiro Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.procir.2026.05.071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As global urbanization accelerates, elevators have become indispensable components of urban infrastructure. To meet international climate targets, greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced by 43% from 2019 levels by 2030. Accordingly, reducing emissions from elevators is essential to contributing to this goal. While emissions from elevators mainly occur during production and operation, current industry efforts have primarily focused on reducing operational emissions. Therefore, it is also necessary to reduce production emissions through eco-design strategies. Developing such strategies is challenging because steel—the primary elevator material—is produced using different methods in each region, and the emission intensity of electricity also varies significantly. This study uses life cycle assessment to examine how region‑specific eco‑design strategies can enhance the environmental sustainability of elevators. First, region-specific scenarios for the emission intensity of electricity were set up to observe future emission trends in elevator production. Next, we estimated emissions in each region under material scenarios that combine three steel options: blast‑furnace (BF) steel produced from iron ore and coke, electric‑arc‑furnace (EAF) steel from scrap, and hydrogen-based direct reduced iron (H₂‑DRI) steel from iron ore and hydrogen. Furthermore, in addition to transitioning to low-emission steel, we also examined scenarios that partially reuse steel components. The analysis revealed that in regions with initially low shares of EAF steel, substitution with EAF and H₂ DRI steel could enable the achievement of the 2030 targets. In contrast, in regions where EAF steel was already widespread, substitution alone proved insufficient, highlighting the need for complementary strategies such as component reuse. In the elevator context, this emphasizes the importance of modernization approaches, in which existing components are retained and reused to reduce embodied emissions. These findings demonstrate that adopting low-emission steel constitutes a fundamental eco-design strategy for elevators. Furthermore, in certain regions, additional measures such as component reuse are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20535,"journal":{"name":"Procedia CIRP","volume":"140 ","pages":"Pages 419-424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148060113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}