Praxis最新文献

{"title":"[Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis - an important differential diagnosis in cases of unclear encephalopathy].","authors":"Giulia Spotswood, Lukas Dürst, Thomas Fehr, Lita Rogalla von Bieberstein","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The diagnostics of autoimmune encephalitides have made significant progress with the recent discovery of numerous tumor-associated and non-tumor-associated autoantibodies targeting neuronal and glial cells. Nevertheless, physicians continue to face major diagnostic and therapeutic challenges posed by this complex disease. This review summarizes the key aspects of the clinical presentation, diagnostics, and therapy of the most common form of autoimmune encephalitis, limbic encephalitis, with a focus on the paraneoplastic forms.</p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 6","pages":"234-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Fatigue, performance deficits and snoring as early symptoms of systemic disease].","authors":"Luzia Maria Gruber, Peter Kurz","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A 68-year-old patient presented with a two-week history of fatigue, weakness, and sleep disturbances. This followed a curative prostatectomy due to cancer and an upper respiratory tract infection. Initially, obstructive sleep apnea (OSAS) was diagnosed. Several weeks later, new symptoms of dyspnea emerged, suggesting heart failure. Ultimately, AL-amyloidosis with cardiac involvement, associated with smoldering multiple myeloma, was diagnosed. Early consideration of a hematological malignancy, supported by immunofixation electrophoresis and closer monitoring, could have led to a quicker diagnosis and improved prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 6","pages":"247-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geschlechterspezifische Medizin – ein Grundpfeiler der personalisierten Behandlung.","authors":"Rubén Fuentes Artiles","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 6","pages":"227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Asthma essentials for the practitioner].","authors":"Thomas Rothe","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Good treatment options are now available, particularly for the more common forms of asthma with type 2 inflammation. Asthmatics should learn to assess their own asthma control. In the case of exacerbations that cannot be quickly controlled with a self-management plan, a consultation with spirometry and at least a check of the eosinophil count in the differential blood count is necessary. It makes sense for spirometry to be checked prior to an exacerbation, but also after OCS therapy. This is the only way to differentiate between asthma, asthma-COPD co-existence, and COPD.</p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 6","pages":"222-226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Maple syrup urine disease decompensation - rare but life-threatening].","authors":"Karin Vogt, Matthias Baumgartner, Katharina Timper","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is a rare inherited metabolic disease. Breakdown of branched-chain amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine) is impaired or absent, which results in metabolite accumulation causing neurotoxicity. With strict therapy adherence (protein restricted MSUD-diet and amino acid supplementation), nearly normal plasma leucin levels can be achieved. However, therapy interruption or catabolic conditions (illness, operation, fasting) can rapidly lead to life-threatening metabolic decompensation. In this report we present the case of a 50 year-old woman who was referred to our hospital with impaired level of consciousness due to delayed recognition of MSUD decompensation. The aim is to increase awareness for this condition and repeat the central treatment aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 6","pages":"257-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wie tief sollte der Blutdruck beim Diabetiker sein?","authors":"Andrea Rosemann","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong></p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 6","pages":"216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Focus on the heart and psyche - an impressive case from the rehabilitation clinic].","authors":"Kunigunde Pausch, Uwe Grommas, Roland von Känel, Anke Schneiders, Doris Straus, Gavin Brupbacher","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases rank among the leading causes of death worldwide. Patients with cardiovascular diseases often require lifelong follow-ups and medication. Psychological symptoms are prevalent in this population, and early recognition of such symptoms is crucial for improving the course of the cardiovascular disease. This case report presents the story of a patient with an aortic dissection whose diagnosis and necessary treatment were delayed. Subsequently, the patient experienced flashbacks, which consisted of negative experiences related to the cardiovascular disease and earlier traumatic life events. Successful treatment involved a combination of cardiac intervention, including aortic arch replacement, cardiac rehabilitation, and psychocardiological care during the rehabilitation phase.</p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 6","pages":"240-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144317775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Recurrent thrombosis despite oral anticoagulation? A case report].","authors":"Sigute Silingaite, Florian Prenner","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We describe a 34-year-old female patient with recurrent thromboembolic events, most recently with occlusion of the superior mesenteric vein - despite regular intake of oral anticoagulation with Apixaban at the dosage recommended by the manufacturer. The underlying cause was enteral malabsorption with protein loss syndrome due to active Crohn's disease, limited to the small intestine, with an atypical clinical presentation. We discuss the topic of anticoagulation in the presence of an enteral barrier disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 5","pages":"205-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144161564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interdisciplinary Swiss Consensus Recommendations on Management of Advanced Prostate Cancer.","authors":"Arnoud J Templeton, Vérane Achard, Dilara Akhoundova, Irene A Burger, Daniel Eberli, Daniel Engeler, Andreas Erdmann, Stefanie Fischer, Rainer Grobholz, Anja Lorch, Philip Niederberger, Aurelius Omlin, Alexandros Papachristofilou, Lukas Prause, Katharina Reichel, Cyrill A Rentsch, Mohamed Shelan, Frank Stenner, Petros Tsantoulis, Ursula Vogl, Deborah Zihler, Daniel Zwahlen, Richard Cathomas","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The landscape of diagnosis and treatment of locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer has seen an unprecedented evolution in recent years. Incorporation of results from pivotal studies is crucial for state-of-the-art counselling of patients and to inform treatment recommendations. However, in daily practice ambiguous situations may occur or various options may seem adequate. Furthermore, specific national regulations, e.g. availability of diagnostic tools and drug approvals, may influence treatment choices. This paper presents the voting results of a Swiss expert panel that convened in August 2024 and discussed selected questions addressed by an international panel of experts during the Advanced Prostate Cancer Conference held in Lugano in April 2024. The objective is to facilitate national harmonization of diagnosis and treatment of locally advanced and metastatic prostate cancer and thereby providing a basis for discussion with individuals with prostate cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 5","pages":"172-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144161583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Extrasystole - a widespread phenomenon].","authors":"Octavia Diaconu, Christophe Wyss, Raffael Ghenzi","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23785/PRAXIS.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Background: Extrasystole is a common reason for visits to general practitioners. In cardiological literature, supraventricular extrasystole in particular tends to play a minor role. This article discusses the current state of knowledge and common practice for this frequently encountered clinical problem. Question: Due to increasing health awareness among the population and the use of new diagnostic technologies (e.g. smartwatches), there has been an increase in GP consultations among young and healthy patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic extrasystole. Comorbidities play a decisive role in this clinical picture. This review provides an overview of supraventricular and ventricular extrasystoles and explicitly addresses the question of diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in the context of extrasystoles in healthy young people. Methodology: A targeted literature search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane and Library databases using the search terms: Extrasystole, supraventricular extrasystoles, ventricular extrasystoles, arrhythmia, tachycardia, ambulatory ECG monitoring, premature ventricular complex (PVC), premature atrial complex (PAC), heart rate variability, Holter ECG monitoring, taking into account the current guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Results: 54 publications were identified, the results of which were evaluated in line with the research question. From these, the key conclusions for general practitioners dealing with this issue were drawn. Conclusion: In principle, technological improvements and wider accessibility among the population lead to increased use of diagnostic procedures. According to the latest findings, it is important for primary care providers to note that even asymptomatic SVES - although in principle harmless when isolated - should not be ignored. Early detection and monitoring of individuals with frequent SVES in combination with cardiovascular risk factors could help reduce the risk of cardiovascular events, including strokes and other complications associated with atrial fibrillation. With regard to ventricular extrasystoles, it should be noted that asymptomatic individuals with a low VES burden of  5 % do not require further investigation. Antiarrhythmic therapy plays a purely symptomatic role in the treatment of extrasystoles and has no prognostic benefit. Catheter ablation has become increasingly important in recent years and is the first-line treatment for symptomatic, idiopathic ventricular extrasystoles from the RVOT and left bundle branch in the current ESC guidelines from 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"114 5","pages":"181-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144161577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}