Praxis最新文献 - Book学术

[Latent ureteric outlet stenosis in young adults - the diagnostic significance of functional assessment in cases of marked hydronephrosis]. 【青壮年潜伏性输尿管出口处狭窄——肾积水患者功能评估的诊断意义】。

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.004

Luis Manrique, Katja Weiss, Thomas Rosemann, Beat Knechtle

{"title":"[Latent ureteric outlet stenosis in young adults - the diagnostic significance of functional assessment in cases of marked hydronephrosis].","authors":"Luis Manrique, Katja Weiss, Thomas Rosemann, Beat Knechtle","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Congenital ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction may remain clinically compensated until young adulthood despite prenatal or early childhood diagnosis. Distinguishing morphological hydronephrosis from functionally significant obstruction is crucial for therapeutic decision-making. Case: A 25-year-old woman was found to have mild right-sided pelvicalyceal dilatation as an incidental finding during a routine primary care evaluation. Several weeks later, following a urinary tract infection accompanied by flank pain, repeat imaging demonstrated marked progression of hydronephrosis. Further evaluation with computed tomography and Tc-99m-MAG3 renography revealed a urodynamically significant right-sided urinary outflow obstruction despite preserved split renal function. Owing to the documented progression, functional obstruction, and persistent urinary stasis, robot-assisted pyeloplasty was performed. Postoperatively, urinary drainage improved while renal function remained stable. Conclusion: In adults with hydronephrosis, therapeutic decisions should not be based solely on the degree of morphological dilatation. Clinical evolution and functional assessment of urinary drainage are essential for appropriate management.","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"115 9","pages":"267-269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Somatic symptoms in cases of psychiatric comorbidity - an interdisciplinary care approach]. [精神共病病例中的躯体症状——一种跨学科的护理方法]。

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.005

Judith Kabbeck, Anya Perry, Jeannette Werner

引用次数: 0

[Practice-oriented overview - current state of rhinosinusitis in adults based on the latest consensus papers and publications]. [以实践为导向的概述-基于最新共识论文和出版物的成人鼻窦炎现状]。

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.003

Aline Treier, Erich Vyskocil, Lukas Horvath

{"title":"[Practice-oriented overview - current state of rhinosinusitis in adults based on the latest consensus papers and publications].","authors":"Aline Treier, Erich Vyskocil, Lukas Horvath","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Over the past two decades, a paradigm shift has occurred in the understanding and management of rhinosinusitis, leading to new therapeutic options, necessitating a revised diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Nevertheless, avoidable errors are still frequently made in clinical practice. Rhinosinusitis ranks among the most prevalent upper respiratory tract conditions globally and is associated with a significant individual and socioeconomic burden. To prevent overdiagnosis and promote effective treatment, it is essential to understand the current classification, pathophysiology, and etiology of both acute (ARS) and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The pathogenesis of rhinosinusitis extends beyond structural or infectious-inflammatory causes, with specific inflammatory mechanisms at the molecular level playing a pivotal role. The etiology of ARS is primarily viral, while secondary bacterial involvement is relatively rare. Diagnosis is based on clinical findings, and in most cases, the condition is self-limiting, requiring only symptomatic management. In contrast, CRS often does not result from ARS but arises due to impaired mucosal barrier function or microbial dysbiosis, underpinned by dysregulation of the innate and adaptive immune systems (endotypes). These mechanisms lead to a heterogeneous clinical presentation (phenotypes), which must be considered for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. This article addresses the broad field of rhinosinusitis from the perspective of clinical practice in German-speaking Europe.","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"115 9","pages":"256-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149169777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Individuelles Deprescribing von Levothyroxin bei Patient/-innen über 60 Jahren. 左旋甲状腺素在60岁以上患者中的个体化抑郁。

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.001

Pia Devuyst, Sebastian Ischi, Andrea Rosemann

引用次数: 0

[Autumn vaccinations for older adults: Influenza, Covid-19 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)]. 老年人秋季疫苗接种：流感、Covid-19和呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）。

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-09-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.002

Andrea Schwaar, Priyanka Selvam, Gisela Etter, Anna Kuratli, Amélie Küchenhoff, Josef Gruber, Laura Giacchetto, Caesar Gallmann, Philipp Busche, Charles Béguelin, Philip Tarr

{"title":"[Autumn vaccinations for older adults: Influenza, Covid-19 and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)].","authors":"Andrea Schwaar, Priyanka Selvam, Gisela Etter, Anna Kuratli, Amélie Küchenhoff, Josef Gruber, Laura Giacchetto, Caesar Gallmann, Philipp Busche, Charles Béguelin, Philip Tarr","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Today, the Federal Commission on Vaccination (EKIF) recommends two vaccinations for people aged 65 and over in the autumn: one against flu and one against Covid-19. The new RSV vaccines are recommended for people aged 75 and over and for people aged 60-74 with relevant underlying conditions, but basic health insurance does not yet cover the costs. These vaccines each reduce the risk of illness and hospitalisation to varying degrees, and the risk of serious side effects is very low. The flu vaccine reduces the risk of heart attack, at least in terms of secondary prevention. However, the high Number Needed to Vaccinate (NNV) to prevent respiratory infection- or pneumonia-related hospitalisation (over 1000 for covid vaccines and well over 3000 for flu vaccines) may lead doctors to question the effectiveness of vaccination. For the new RSV vaccines, the NNV is lower at approximately 250 for individuals aged over 75. Additionally, the protective effect lasts for at least two seasons. Although the EKIF strongly recommends the high-dose flu vaccine, it is 50 % more expensive and, in a randomised head-to-head comparison involving 466 000 participants, only slightly more effective than standard-dose vaccines (NNV = approx. 1832).","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"115 9","pages":"249-255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Dyslipidaemia guideline issued by the Department of Internal Medicine (DIM) at the University Hospital Zurich (USZ)]. [苏黎世大学医院（USZ）内科（DIM）发布的血脂异常指南]。

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.08.002

Andrea Rosemann, Arnold von Eckardstein, Isabella Sudano, Oliver Senn, Thomas Rosemann, Thomas F Lüscher, Lars C Huber

{"title":"[Dyslipidaemia guideline issued by the Department of Internal Medicine (DIM) at the University Hospital Zurich (USZ)].","authors":"Andrea Rosemann, Arnold von Eckardstein, Isabella Sudano, Oliver Senn, Thomas Rosemann, Thomas F Lüscher, Lars C Huber","doi":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: This guideline (GL) provides an overview of the management of dyslipidaemia based on international guidelines and new evidence from studies published up to June 2026. The GL focuses on primary care and takes into account the specific characteristics of the Swiss healthcare system. Lipid-lowering therapy should be risk-adapted, with the current 2025/2026 AGLA, ESC/EAS, and ACC/AHA dyslipidaemia GLs recommending a target-based treatment strategy. Our GL presents a structured approach to cardiovascular risk stratification and supports clinicians in selecting the most appropriate risk prediction model for individual patients. Risk modifiers - including family history, ethnicity, comorbidities, biomarkers, and lipoprotein(a) - should be considered in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors. In addition to lifestyle optimization, statins remain the first-line treatment. If the required LDL-C reduction is not achieved with statins alone, Ezetimibe, bempedoic acid, and PCSK9 inhibitors should be added sequentially.","PeriodicalId":20494,"journal":{"name":"Praxis","volume":"115 8","pages":"212-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148906583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

[Myocardial infarction patients with preserved ejection fraction do not have a reduced risk of death when treated with beta-blockers]. [保留射血分数的心肌梗死患者在接受-受体阻滞剂治疗时，死亡风险并未降低]。

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.08.001

Jan Gutjahr, Lars C Huber, Andrea Rosemann

引用次数: 0

[Bullous eruption in the elderly - a case report with diagnostic challenges]. [老年人大疱性爆发——一例诊断上的挑战]。

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.08.005

Clara Petroff, Reinhard Dummer, Rebecca Galalae

引用次数: 0

[10 Things Cardiologists Need to Know About Cardiac Amyloidosis]. 【关于心脏淀粉样变性，心脏病专家需要知道的10件事】

Praxis Pub Date : 2026-08-01 DOI: 10.23785/PRAXIS.2026.08.003

Simon F Stämpfli