{"title":"Organic fungicides and diphenylamine shift microbiomes of ‘Fuji’ apples during storage","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The native microbiome plays an important role in biocontrol efficacy, but less is known about how the microbiome responds to conventional and organic natural product fungicides. This study investigated the effects of the conventional fungicide fludioxonil and the organic fungicide natamycin, with and without the superficial scald inhibitor diphenylamine (DPA) on the microbiomes of ‘Fuji’ apples from 1 to 28 d of storage at 0.5 °C plus 7 d at 20 °C. We hypothesized that fungicide applications would shift the microbiome, with a more pronounced effect from natamycin due to the target specificity of fludioxonil. We also predicted that the antioxidant properties of DPA would shift both bacterial and fungal microbiomes. We found that natamycin resulted in modest fungal shifts and fludioxonil resulted in no observed shifts, while DPA strongly affected the fungal microbiome over time. Chemical treatment was not a predictor of bacterial microbiome variation, but bacterial communities shifted throughout storage. However, many of the trends that occurred during storage were reversed during the 7-d shelf life period at 20 °C after storage. Time in cold storage decreased the relative abundance of <em>Pseudomonas</em>, while DPA application reduced the relative abundance of <em>Aureobasidium,</em> both notable biocontrol genera<em>.</em> These results highlight how chemical applications such as DPA may have unintended effects on beneficial microbes that protect fruit from pathogen infection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"NIR spectroscopy for quality assessment and shelf-life prediction of kiwifruit","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a non-destructive quality testing method along with shelf-life prediction of Xu Xiang ready-to-eat kiwifruit were developed using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) techniques. Several traditional quality indicators (hardness, soluble solids content, and dry matter) were evaluated. Partial least squares regression (PLS) was used to predict the intrinsic quality attributes of the samples. Competitive adaptive reweighted sampling algorithm (CARS) and uninformative variable elimination (UVE) algorithm were used to select the characteristic wavelengths. Prediction models for hardness, soluble solids content and dry matter were developed. The results showed that the prediction ability of the models could be improved by screening the characteristic wavelengths of CARS and UVE. Among them, the CARS-SNV-PLS model based on soluble solids had the best prediction ability (RMSEP of 0.430 and Rp<sup>2</sup> of 0.958). Then, an NIR-based residual shelf-life prediction model was obtained by linking the measured quality indicators to the residual shelf-life, which was well validated with an RMSEP of 1.64 and an Rp<sup>2</sup> of 0.939. Therefore, this study demonstrated the potential of combining CARS, SNV, and PLS for the non-destructive testing of ready-to-eat kiwifruit to provide technical support and solution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The SNARE protein CfSnc1 of Colletotrichum fructicola is a key regulator in fungal pathogenicity and responses to hypovirulence-associated mycovirus infection","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Hypovirulence-associated mycoviruses not only provide new alternative for biological control, but also provide a model for studying the pathogenesis of fungal pathogens. Our previous study showed that the Colletotrichum alienum partitivirus 1 (CaPV1) is a hypovirulence-associated mycovirus which can affect vesicle transport in the host fungus. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins play crucial roles in membrane fusion and vesicle trafficking in eukaryotes, which are essential in fungal development and virulence. Here, we identified and characterized <em>CfSNC1</em> of <em>Colletotrichum fructicola</em>, an ortholog of yeast SNARE SNC1. <em>CfSNC1</em> is down-regulated in response to infection with CaPV1. To elucidate the potential role of CfSNC1 and its involvement in the relationship between CaPV1 and <em>C. fructicola</em>, targeted gene deletion and complemented mutants were generated. Deletion of <em>CfSNC1</em> affected vegetative growth and endocytosis pathway, reduced conidiation and appressorium formation, as well as the virulence. Upon CaPV1 infection, vegetative growth of the deletion mutant was more retarded when compared to the CaPV1-infected wild type (WT). Viral RNA accumulation was significantly increased in the deletion mutant compared to that in the virus-infected WT. Taken together, this study revealed that CfSnc1 is a host factor playing roles in development and virulence of <em>C. fructicola</em> and affecting the viral RNA accumulation of CaPV1, which might offer insights into the underlying mechanisms through which mycoviruses manipulate vesicle transport to influence fungal pathogenesis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Combined treatment of ɛ-polylysine and UV-C inhibited aerobic bacteria growth, and maintained the color, texture, flavor of vacuum-packed fresh-cut lettuce slices","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, combined epsilon-polylysine and ultraviolet-C (ε-PL+UV-C) treatments were used to maintain the texture and flavour of vacuum-packed fresh-cut lettuce slices during their shelf life. The results showed that vacuum packaging could effectively maintain the green surface of fresh-cut lettuce slices compared with conventional heat-sealing packaging. Aside from preventing the growth of aerobic bacteria, the ε-PL+UV-C treatment inhibited the surface discolouration of, and chlorophyll degradation within, the fresh-cut lettuce slices while also maintaining their quality and textural characteristics. Additionally, lettuce treated with ε-PL+UV-C had a better flavour than those treated with either ε-PL dipping or UV-C irradiation alone. These findings indicate that ε-PL+UV-C combined with vacuum packaging has practical application in the preservation of fresh-cut lettuce.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Buffering moisture variation during cherry tomatoes preservation through deep eutectic solvent films","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Moisture plays an important role in fruit preservation. In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were prepared and DES-based films with the property of buffering moisture variation were fabricated (CG<sub>10</sub>, CG<sub>50</sub>). Low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) analyses and Raman spectra suggested that the water states in DESs and DES-based films transferred from a tight combination to a loose combination during the moisture sorption process. In addition, the moisture sorption capacity (M<sub>eq</sub> = 2.91) of the film suggested that CG<sub>50</sub> possessed water storage capacity and a high effective diffusion coefficient (0.01 mm<sup>2</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>) ensured the easy passing of water molecules through the DES-based films. Furthermore, the fruit preservation experiment using cherry tomatoes as a representative showed that DES-based films as a “buffer pool” not only could inhibit spoilage but also maintain the stable packaging RH, indicating the potential of DES-based films in moisture regulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925521424004162/pdfft?md5=3bec45522c3a68ef5193542f82ca90fa&pid=1-s2.0-S0925521424004162-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Low temperature conditioning and nitric oxide treatment reduced chilling injury and altered fatty acid metabolism of flat peaches","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low-temperature conditioning is a recognized method for alleviating chilling injuries in flat peaches. However, long-term low-temperature storage can mitigate volatile organic compounds, thereby limiting fruit availability. To improve the supply of flat peaches, we investigated the combined effects of low-temperature conditioning and nitric oxide treatment on various parameters including physiological quality, volatile organic compounds, fatty acids, associated enzymes, and genes involved in the fatty acid pathway with the transcriptome sequencing analysis. The results indicated that low-temperature conditioning coordinated with 10 µL L<sup>−1</sup> nitric oxide treatment possessed higher firmness and vitamin C content and restricted the content of malonaldehyde and relative electrical conductivity, thus maintaining the overall quality of flat peaches. In the study, 10 µL L<sup>−1</sup> nitric oxide was employed for subsequent experiments. Moreover, higher contents of volatile organic compounds were supported by increased contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, alcohol dehydrogenase, hydroperoxide lyase, and up-regulated genes of <em>LOX2</em>, <em>LOX3</em>, <em>LOX6</em>, <em>ADH2,</em> and <em>ADH3</em>. In summary, nitric oxide treatment effectively facilitated the recovery of volatile organic compounds in flat peaches during cold storage. Therefore, low-temperature conditioning and nitric oxide treatment can be a promising strategy to prevent the loss of volatile organic compounds by modulating the fatty acid pathway and associated genes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of postharvest cold storage and subsequent shelf-life on fruit quality and endogenous phytohormones in nectarine fruit","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cold storage is the main approach to extend the postharvest storage period of nectarines. The objective of this study was to investigate fruit quality (flavor and nutrition) and endogenous phytohormone changes and their related transcriptional changes in nectarine fruit after cold storage and subsequent shelf-life, which was performed metabolome, transcriptome and physiological analysis. Cold storage led to irreversible flavor loss due to the inhibition of aroma biosynthesis genes at low temperature. Sugar and organic acid content was affected, with an increase in glucose, fructose and malic acid, and a decrease in sorbitol and citric acid after cold storage or shelf-life. For fruit nutritional quality, total flavonoids or total carotenoids was not significantly affected by cold storage, whereas shelf-life process enhanced their accumulation. The activities of key enzymes for flavonoid biosynthesis, PAL and C4H, were enhanced during the shelf-life process, resulting in a significant increase in flavonoids and enhanced free radicals scavenging capacity. Meanwhile, shelf-life process increased carotenoids content by improving the expression of carotenoid biosynthesis genes <em>PSY</em>, <em>ZDS</em> and <em>ZISO</em>. Additionally, cold storage significantly increased the IAA content and ethylene production, thereby inducing the up-regulation of related signaling transduction genes. The shelf-life process further increased ethylene production, as well as salicylic acid and jasmonic acid content. This study unravels these crucial physiological and associated transcriptional changes of nectarines after cold storage, and may provide a theoretical foundation for improving fruit quality of peaches after cold storage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multi-omics integration analysis reveals metabolic regulation of carbohydrate and secondary metabolites during goji berry (Lycium barbarum L.) maturation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metabolism and the synthesis of bioactive compounds play crucial roles in goji berry fruits, renowned for their exceptional nutritional and medicinal value. However, understanding the metabolic dynamics during goji berry maturation remains limited. This study integrates physicochemical indicators, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics data across three distinct fruit maturation stages. Fruit ripening induces significant changes in sugar and secondary metabolite levels, enriched with differential metabolites, proteins, and genes. Co-expression network analysis identifies <em>LbSPS</em>, <em>LbGLGC</em>, and <em>LbFBP</em> genes associated with sugar contents. Conjunction analysis reveals D-glucose as a substrate promoting diverse sugar biosynthesis. The decrease in polysaccharide and sucrose, and the accumulation of galactose, fructose, and total sugar during the red fruit stage, are influenced by the expression levels of <em>LbGLP</em>, <em>LbFBP</em>, <em>LbINV</em>, <em>LbGLGC</em>, <em>LbWAXY</em>, <em>LbSPS</em>, <em>LbRS</em>, and their corresponding enzymes. Notably, LbGLGC and LbWAXY interact in the plasma membrane and nucleus. The reduction in secondary metabolites, flavonoids, and betaines is regulated by the downregulation of genes <em>LbF3D</em> and <em>LbBADH</em> in the synthesis pathway during this period. Significant expression correlations were observed between the <em>LbSPS</em> and transcription factor LbNAC. Yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays indicate that LbNAC binds directly to the <em>LbSPS</em> promoter and regulates its expression. This study provides a novel perspective on metabolic changes during goji berry maturation and postharvest, suggesting potential candidate genes for high-quality fruit cultivation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Melatonin reduces postharvest decay of blueberries by regulating ascorbate–glutathione cycle and membrane lipid metabolism","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Postharvest fruit storage and quality is a severe concern for fruit producers, as consumer acceptability and market value are affected by quality attributes. Therefore, strategies to improve fruit quality during storage are crucial. In this study, we investigated the effects of melatonin (MT) treatment on postharvest fruit quality, ascorbate-glutathione metabolism, and membrane lipid metabolism in blueberries. Blueberries were treated with 300 μM of MT solution or distilled water (control) before harvest. After harvest, blueberries were stored at 4 °C and sampled every 4 days to analyze fruit quality parameters. MT treatment effectively reduced decay rate and weight loss rate in blueberry during storage and delayed the decrease in firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acid, anthocyanins, and flavonoids. It furthermore elevated the activities and gene expression of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase, dehydroascorbate reductase, and monodehydroascorbate reductase. Moreover, MT treatment promoted the accumulation of ascorbate–glutathione, NADP, NADPH, and glutathione, increased glutathione (GSH)/glutathione (GSSG) levels, enhanced antioxidant capacity, and decreased oxidized glutathione, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, dehydroascorbic acid, and superoxide anion levels. Notably, MT treatment inhibited membrane lipid peroxidation in blueberries by inhibiting the mRNA levels and activities of lipoxygenase and phospholipase D. Conclusively, MT reduces blueberry decay during storage by modulating ascorbate–glutathione cycle and membrane lipid metabolism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Novel insights into modified atmosphere mediated cold tolerance in peach fruit during postharvest storage","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113187","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Internal browning is a common symptom of chilling injury (CI) of peach fruit during postharvest cold storage, leading to a significant loss in the marketplace. In this study, modified atmosphere (MA) storage was applied to mitigate the occurrence of CI in both ‘Jinxiu’ and ‘Zhonghuashoutao’ peach and the overall transcriptomic changes were profiled. In two cultivars, MA treatment elicited multiple chilling responses affecting production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid metabolisms, as well as jasmonic acid (JA), γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and proline synthesis, accompanied by accumulation of JAs (JA and JA-Ile), GABA and proline. Correlation analysis demonstrated that JAs and GABA served as significant regulators involved in cold tolerance under MA treatment. Weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) suggested that ethylene responsive factors (ERFs), WRKYs and NACs might serve as central transcription factors in the chilling-response pathway. Notably, PpERF61 was confirmed to activate the expression of JA biosynthetic genes <em>Pp13S-LOX</em>, <em>PpAOS</em> and <em>PpOPR3</em> as well as GABA synthesis gene <em>PpGAD</em>. Taken together, this study unveils novel insights into the underlying mechanism of enhanced cold resistance in MA-treated peach fruit.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142157615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}