Physiological research最新文献

{"title":"Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Mitochondrial DNA Depletion Syndrome Associated with SUCLG1 Variants in China.","authors":"G-X Zhang, K-J Ji, Z-W Wang, N-N Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to summarize the genetic variants and clinical characteristics of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS) associated with SUCLG1 mutations in children from China. A systematic review of cases reported in a Chinese literature database was conducted. Clinical data and genetic findings of children with MDS caused by SUCLG1 mutations were analyzed. A total of 13 cases from 9 articles were identified. The primary clinical features included hypotonia, psychomotor retardation, feeding difficulties, growth retardation, hearing impairment, and liver function impairment. Urine organic acid analysis demonstrated a mild increase in methylmalonic acid, while plasma concentrations of propionylcarnitine and/or butyrylcarnitine were elevated. Additionally, increased lactate and pyruvic acid levels were observed in both plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. Brain magnetic resonance imaging identified basal ganglion lesions and/or cerebral atrophy. A total of 14 SUCLG1 variants were identified: c.550G>A, c.751C>T, c.809A>C, c.961C>G, c.826-2A>G, c.713T>C, c.916G>T, c.619T>C, c.980dupT, c.40A>G, c.142C>T, c.601A>G, c.871G>C, and c.721_c.722delGA. Among these, the c.826-2A>G variation was the most frequently detected, present in 4 children, followed by c.550G>A. No significant correlation was found between genotype and phenotype. All 13 children were treated with vitamin B complex and coenzyme Q10. Among them, 2 died, while the remaining children exhibited clinical improvement. MDS associated with SUCLG1 mutations presents with nonspecific clinical manifestations and can affect multiple organ systems. Genetic testing is necessary for diagnosis, and no definitive treatment is currently available.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"293-299"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of THC, CBD, and Their Combination on EEG Dynamics in Rats.","authors":"M Bochin, Č Vejmola, V Koudelka, S Jiříček, M Nikolič, K Šíchová, T Páleníček","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabinoids modulate brain network activity, yet the spatial organization and temporal evolution of their electrophysiological effects remain insufficiently characterized in animal models. Here, we investigated how acute oral administration of ?9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; 10 mg/kg), cannabidiol (CBD; 10 mg/kg), and their combination influences resting-state EEG dynamics in freely moving rats. Adult male Wistar rats implanted with a 12-electrode epidural array received one of the treatments via intragastric gavage. EEG was recorded during baseline and three post-administration intervals (80-90, 110-120, 140-150 min) and analyzed using spectral decomposition, source localization, and functional connectivity within an anatomically realistic rat head model. Cannabinoid administration increased low-frequency spectral power, with source-space statistics identifying significant delta-beta clusters (p < 0.05, FDR-corrected), most prominently in prefrontal, cingulate, hippocampal, and striatal regions. THC and THC+CBD produced the strongest and most spatially extensive significant effects, whereas CBD yielded fewer and smaller clusters. Connectivity analyses demonstrated convergent treatment-related changes, revealing significant alterations in functional coupling within overlapping regions rich in CB1 receptors. These connectivity effects mirrored the spatial distribution of source-power findings, indicating that cannabinoids influence not only local oscillatory activity but also large-scale network organization. Across analyses, the combination treatment closely resembled the THC profile, suggesting a dominant THC-driven contribution with CBD exerting weaker, directionally similar modulation. Together, these findings identify a robust cannabinoid-specific EEG signature characterized by enhanced low-frequency oscillatory activity, altered functional connectivity, and regionally selective engagement of CB1-rich cortical and limbic structures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"385-397"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225441/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shortened Pulmonary Pulse Wave Transit Time in High-Altitude Residents Without Pulmonary Hypertension: An Doppler Echocardiography Study.","authors":"D Wang, Y Li, H Wang, J Zhang, X Wu, X Zheng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary pulse wave transit time (pPTT) in high-altitude residents without pulmonary hypertension had not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to investigate alterations in pPTT among high-altitude residents through comparative analysis with low-altitude counterparts. Between October 2024 and June 2025, 47 consecutive high-altitude (>=4000 meters above sea level) residents without pulmonary hypertension were enrolled in this study. pPTT was quantified by Doppler echocardiography. The factors related to pPTT were determined by multiple linear regression analysis. High-altitude residents exhibited significantly larger right cardiac dimension and function, but significantly lower left ventricular mass index and ejection fraction (p < 0.05). Notably, pPTT was markedly shorter in high-altitude residents compared to their low-altitude counterparts (144.00 [109.00-193.00] vs. 193.50 [179.00-285.00] ms, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, among high-altitude residents, males had significantly shorter pPTT than females (123.00 [102.00-162.00] ms vs. 181.50 [148.00-241.00] ms, p < 0.0001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that altitude was the independent determinant of pPTT in high-altitude residents (p < 0.05). The observed reduction in pPTT among high-altitude dwellers without pulmonary hypertension suggests adaptive vascular changes-likely mediated by hypoxia-driven arterial remodeling and elastin degradation. These findings position pPTT as a promising indicator for detecting subclinical pulmonary vascular adaptations in chronic hypoxic environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"315-323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225454/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges and Solutions in Low-Biomass Respiratory Microbiome Profiling: A Workflow for Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sequencing in Guinea Pigs.","authors":"T Burjanivova, T Buday, D Mokra, Z Hanzlikova, E Babusikova, P Podlesniy, V Holubekova, J Budis, T Szemes, J Plevkova","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accurate profiling of the respiratory microbiome in low-biomass samples remains technically challenging due to host DNA contamination and limited microbial yield. This study aimed to optimize a methodological workflow for 16S rRNA sequencing of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) obtained from guinea pig models with differing microbial statuses-specific pathogen-free (SPF) and conventionally bred (CON) animals. Using a comparative approach, we evaluated six commercial DNA extraction kits and tested different input DNA concentrations (1 ng vs. 0.5 ng) to enhance microbial detection while minimizing host DNA interference. Among the tested kits, only the ZymoBIOMICS DNA Microprep Kit yielded sufficient microbial DNA for downstream analysis. Real-time PCR and droplet digital PCR confirmed the microbial origin of the extracted DNA. Sequencing libraries were prepared from the V1-V3 regions of 16S rRNA genes and sequenced using the Illumina iSeq 100 platform. Taxonomic assignment and diversity metrics were analyzed using the MicrobAT pipeline. Our findings revealed significant differences in microbial composition between SPF and CON animals, notably in Mycoplasma abundance, which dominated the microbiota in CON but was nearly absent in SPF animals. Alpha and beta diversity metrics showed consistent stratification by animal group and input DNA concentration. However, a high proportion of unclassified reads-particularly in SPF samples-correlated strongly with sequences mapping to the Cavia porcellus genome, indicating substantial host DNA contamination. This study demonstrates the feasibility of microbiome profiling from low-biomass BALF samples in guinea pigs while highlighting the limitations of current sequencing and bioinformatic tools in distinguishing microbial from host-derived DNA. Our optimized workflow supports future respiratory microbiome studies in animal models and provides a foundation for improving host DNA depletion and reference databases tailored to non-human species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"337-348"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium Selenite Attenuates Monocrotaline-Induced Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Upregulating GPX3 and Ameliorating Vascular Remodeling.","authors":"Z Liu, X Liu, R Mprah, H Sun, J Adu-Amankwaah, X Pan, S Cheng, B Xie, C Wang, W Qiao","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Selenium deficiency is implicated in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study investigated the effects of sodium selenite (SSE) on PAH and its underlying mechanisms. In a monocrotaline-induced PAH rat model, SSE treatment significantly improved right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP), mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP), and vascular remodeling. It reduced collagen deposition and partially restored the expression of Collagen 1 and SM22alpha. SSE upregulated glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) expression and attenuated oxidative stress, as evidenced by enhanced SOD activity and decreased MDA levels. In vitro, SSE inhibited H?O? and angiotensin II-induced proliferation, oxidative stress, and phenotypic switching in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), while upregulating GPX3 at both mRNA and protein levels. These findings demonstrate that SSE alleviates PAH by enhancing GPX3-mediated antioxidant defense and suppressing vascular remodeling, supporting its potential as a therapeutic strategy for PAH.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"325-335"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225451/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of NAT10-Mediated ac4C Modification in Osteoblast Function and Bone Formation: Insights from Integrative Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation.","authors":"Y Tang, Q Wang, W Dong, G Jiang, M Lei, X Hu, Y Wu, W Jiang, J Hao, Z Hu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent evidence has established a significant link between N4 acetylcytidine (ac4C) mRNA modification, mediated by N Acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), and bone metabolism. Nonetheless, the precise role and regulatory targets of NAT10, along with its associated ac4C modification in human bone formation, remain inadequately characterized. This study employed bioinformatics analysis of transcriptomic datasets from primary osteoblasts of individuals with high versus low bone mineral density (BMD), alongside a curated set of ac4C-modified genes, to identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulated by this pathway within an osteogenic context. Overall, eleven key NAT10/ac4C-associated DEGs linked to BMD status were identified: CFD, CTSF, DCXR, FADS1, GOLIM4, IMPA2, MLEC, NCLN, NT5DC2, PTGFRN, and VASP. Notably, FADS1, NT5DC2, and PTGFRN emerged as crucial ac4C-modified genes across three machine learning models. Furthermore, the tri-gene signature (FADS1/NT5DC2/PTGFRN) showed excellent diagnostic performance in distinguishing different BMD statuses. In vitro validation using MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells revealed that the knockdown of NAT10 via lentiviral delivery markedly impaired cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. This impairment was evidenced by the results of the CCK-8 proliferation assay, alkaline phosphatase staining, and Alizarin Red staining. Additionally, qRT PCR analysis demonstrated a significant downregulation of FADS1 and NT5DC2 expression subsequent to NAT10 knockdown. These findings underscore the role of NAT10-mediated ac4C modification as a pivotal regulator of osteoblast activity and gene expression programs associated with BMD. This research offers novel insights into the regulation of bone metabolism and proposes potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for osteoporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"349-364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225455/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Cardiac Protection by Thymoquinone and Valproic Acid in Absence Epilepsy.","authors":"Y A Cimen, F B Karakaya-Cimen, H Demirci, O T Cilingir-Kaya","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of thymoquinone (T) and valproic acid (VPA), alone and in combination, on cardiomyocyte damage induced by absence epilepsy (AE) in rats. Adult male Wistar rats (C, T) and Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS; AE, AE+T, AE+V, AE+V+T) were assigned to six experimental groups. C and AE received solvent; T and AE+T received thymoquinone (10 mg/kg, o.g.); AE+V received VPA (200 mg/kg, i.p.); AE+V+T received both treatments for 8 days. Hearts were collected for histological (Masson's trichrome) and biochemical analyses. AE caused molecular changes in cardiomyocytes without fibrosis, decreasing total antioxidant status (TAS) (-8.7 %) and increasing total oxidant status (TOS) (+50.7 %), oxidative stress index (OSI) (+155.5 %), MDA (+50.8 %), caspase-8 (+43.8 %), cleaved caspase-3 (+73.5 %), NF-?B (+239.4 %), TNF-? (+141.2 %), IL-6 (+12.9 %). Compared with the AE group, T increased TAS (+48.2 %), IL-6 (+5.8 %) and reduced OSI (-36.7 %), caspase-8 (-16.0 %), cleaved caspase-3 (-37.5 %), TNF-? (-1.8 %). VPA increased TAS (+58.5 %), while reducing TOS (-15.7 %), OSI (-48.9 %), MDA (-31.9 %), IL-6 (-14.1 %), caspase-8 (-27.3 %), cleaved caspase-3 (-51.0 %), TNF-alpha (-8.9 %), and NF-kappaB (-28.5 %). The VPA+T combination further improved these alterations, decreasing TOS (-24.8 %), OSI (-54.5 %), MDA (-35.6 %), TNF-alpha (-16.3 %), caspase-8 (-27.7 %), cleaved caspase-3 (-47.1 %), NF-kappaB (-31.8 %) and IL-6 (-26.9 %) while increasing TAS (+59.8 %). Our study demonstrates that AE increases oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in cardiac tissue. While T and VPA alone showed limited protective effects, their combined administration significantly attenuated cardiac damage, supporting this approach as a promising strategy for cardiac protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"265-275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225446/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Physical Training on Circulating Retinol-Binding Protein 4: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Z Alsahafi, A Baashar","doi":"10.33549/physiolres.935730","DOIUrl":"10.33549/physiolres.935730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are strongly associated with insulin resistance and chronic inflammation. Retinol-Binding Protein 4 (RBP4), an adipokine secreted by the liver and adipose tissue, has been implicated in metabolic dysfunction, with elevated circulating levels linked to impaired glucose homeostasis. Exercise is known to improve insulin sensitivity; however, its effects on RBP4 remain unclear. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the available evidence on the impact of exercise interventions on circulating RBP4 concentrations and to evaluate differences by exercise modality and population characteristics. The review followed PRISMA guidelines. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar (2005-2025) was conducted. Inclusion criteria were human studies ?18 years evaluating structured aerobic, resistance, or combined training with pre- and post-intervention RBP4 measurement. Non-exercise interventions and animal studies were excluded. Data extraction and quality appraisal were independently performed using Joanna Briggs Institute checklists. Out of 1,422 records screened, 16 studies met the eligibility criteria, including randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental studies, and pre-post designs. Participants included healthy individuals, obese subjects, and patients with T2DM or metabolic syndrome. The exercise interventions varied from a single session to structured aerobic or combined aerobic-resistance programs lasting up to 12 weeks. Results showed context-dependent effects with conflicting results between different studies. Aerobic and combined aerobic-resistance exercise were associated with significant reductions in circulating RBP4 levels among obese and T2DM groups, whereas results in healthy individuals remained inconsistent. In contrast, single-session and endurance training interventions did not produce significant effects. Exercise training demonstrates potential to lower circulating RBP4, particularly in metabolically compromised populations. However, inconsistent results highlight the need for larger, standardized trials to clarify exercise modality-specific effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"193-201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased Right Ventricular Cardiac Output to Left Ventricular Cardiac Output Ratio in High-Altitude Residents Without Pulmonary Hypertension: An Echocardiography Study.","authors":"D Wang, Y Fang, X Wu, J Zhang, G Yang, X Zheng","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Right ventricular cardiac output to left ventricular cardiac output (RVCO/LVCO) ratio in high-altitude residents had not been well characterized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the normal reference range for RVCO/LVCO ratio among high-altitude residents without pulmonary hypertension. Between October 2024 and June 2025, 88 consecutive high-altitude (?4000 meters above sea level) residents without pulmonary hypertension were enrolled in this study. RVCO/LVCO ratio was quantified by transthoracic echocardiography. The difference of RVCO/LVCO ratio between high-altitude residents and low-altitude residents were compared. High-altitude residents display significantly larger right atrium, right ventricle, and pulmonary artery dimensions than low-altitude residents, with slightly thickened right ventricular free walls but slightly smaller tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (p<0.05). RVCO, right ventricular cardiac index, and the RVCO/LVCO ratio (1.15 [0.97-1.38] vs. 0.97 [0.91-1.05], p<0.0001) was significantly greater in high-altitude residents than in low-altitude residents, but left heart size, LVCO and left ventricular cardiac index show no significant differences between groups (p>0.05). There was a negative correlation between the RVCO/LVCO ratio and altitude (r = 0.298, p < 0.0001). The regression equation was y = 8.2083 - 0.001726x, where x represents altitude and y represents the RVCO/LVCO ratio. The increased RVCO/LVCO ratio observed in high-altitude residents without pulmonary hypertension suggests that adaptive cardiac changes may be mediated by hypoxia-driven hemodynamic compensatory adjustments. These findings make RVCO/LVCO ratio a crucial indicator for detecting plateau physiological adaptation and pathological conditions in high-altitude hypoxic environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":"75 2","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13225452/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148034364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Serum 25(OH)D Concentrations and Glucose-Lipid Metabolism in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Analysis of A NHANES 2007-2018.","authors":"F Zhang, L Wang, Z-Y Dong, S-H Lv, X-J Zheng, L-M Chen, X-F Yuan, H-J Shi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D is implicated in multiple metabolic processes, however, the dose-dependent relationship between serum 25-hydro-xyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and glucose-lipid metabolism remains unclear among women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to assess both linear and non-linear relationships between serum 25(OH)D levels and indicators of insulin resistance and lipid metabolism in this high-risk group. Data from 1,876 women with prior GDM were obtained from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Weighted linear regression models were applied to assess associations between serum 25(OH)D and metabolic markers, while restricted cubic spline models were used to examine non-linear relationships. Analyses were adjusted for age, ethnicity, body mass index (BMI), education, and lifestyle factors. Following multivariate adjustment, each 10 nmol/l increase in serum 25(OH)D was associated with a decrease in HOMA-IR by 0.017 units (95 % CI: -0.026, -0.007), an increase in HDL-C by 0.127 mg/dl (95 % CI: 0.102, 0.153), and a reduction in total cholesterol of 0.007 mmol/l (95 % CI: -0.009, -0.004). Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated a U-shaped relationship between 25(OH)D and LDL-C (p for non-linearity<0.001), with inflection point at ~50 nmol/l. The inverse association between 25(OH)D and HOMA-IR was significant in non-Hispanic white individuals (beta=-0.020, p=0.008) but not in non-Hispanic Black individuals (beta=0.009, p=0.584). The positive association between 25(OH)D and HDL-C was strongest in women with normal BMI (beta=0.114). Among women with a history of GDM, serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with insulin resistance and positively associated with HDL-C. A non-linear, U-shaped relationship was observed with LDL-C. These associations varied by race/ethnicity and BMI, the potential relevance of vitamin D status in in the long-term metabolic management of individuals following GDM. Key words 25-hydroxyvitamin D \" Dose-response relationship \" Gestational diabetes mellitus \" Insulin resistance \" Lipid metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":20235,"journal":{"name":"Physiological research","volume":" ","pages":"None"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147468729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}