Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献

{"title":"Oxidized bituminous coal-modified urea: Coating versus blending effects on growth characteristics and nitrogen use efficiency in wheat","authors":"Razieh Nouri Goushki,&nbsp;Reza Khorassani,&nbsp;Amir Fotovat,&nbsp;Hojat Emami","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen leaching from conventional urea fertilizers is a major environmental concern and reduces nitrogen use efficiency in calcareous soils. We postulated that modifying urea with oxidized bituminous coal (OBC) would create a slow-release fertilizer, effectively reducing nitrogen leaching and enhancing NUE. This study therefore aimed to produce and evaluate coated and blended OBC-urea formulations. Two OBC:urea ratios (60:40 and 35:65) were tested in coated (C1, C2) and blended (B1, B2) forms under greenhouse conditions, each applied at 100 % (H; Higher rate) and 60 % (L; Lower rate) of the recommended nitrogen rate. Compared to conventional urea, all OBC-based treatments significantly reduced nitrate and ammonium leaching, with the C1H treatment achieving the highest reductions: 46.33 % for nitrate and 53.08 % for ammonium. The OBC-containing fertilizers also significantly enhanced NUE indices. In particular, the C1H treatment led to increases of 33.35 % and 28.53 % in NUE and nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUpE), respectively, relative to commercial urea. Moreover, C1H improved shoot nitrogen uptake (28.42 %), total chlorophyll content (33.88 %), total protein (24.19 %), shoot fresh weight (10.63 %), leaf area index (29.01 %), and spike number (32.15 %). Remarkably, the C1L treatment, applied at only 60 % of the recommended nitrogen rate, maintained comparable growth and nutrient uptake levels to full-rate commercial urea, while providing superior NUE. These results suggest that OBC-coated urea can reduce nitrogen leaching and enable lower application rates without compromising plant growth. Overall, this study provides new insights into plant–nitrogen interactions in calcareous soils and supports the development of sustainable nitrogen management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110565"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative physiology, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis reveals key genes and pathways underlying chilling tolerance in Bougainvillea","authors":"Huihui Zhang ,&nbsp;Yousry A. El-Kassaby ,&nbsp;Qi Zhou ,&nbsp;Tao Huang ,&nbsp;Qianqian Sheng ,&nbsp;Zunling Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bougainvillea</em> is widely grown ornamental and medicinal plant whose cultivation faces major constraints from chilling stress. However, the gene regulatory networks and molecular basis of chilling tolerance remain largely unexplored. Here, we elucidated cold tolerance mechanisms of <em>Bougainvillea</em> by examining two species with contrasting levels of cold tolerance: <em>Bougainvillea glabra</em> “Brasiliensis” (cold-tolerant) and <em>B. spectabilis</em> “Auratus” (cold-sensitive). Morphological, physiological, biochemical, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses revealed that chilling stress significantly inhibited growth, reducing leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, fresh weight, and dry weight in both cultivars. H₂O₂ and malondialdehyde accumulation was higher in Auratus than in Brasiliensis, and chloroplast damage was also more severe in Auratus. In contrast, Brasiliensis showed higher osmolyte accumulation and antioxidant enzyme activities, with less damage to chlorophyll and photosystem II efficiency. Transcriptomic analysis revealed key roles for carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism as well as hormone signaling in <em>Bougainvillea</em> cold responses. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified 10 core hub genes associated with chilling tolerance, including <em>Bou_</em><em>113215</em> (xylan synthesis-related gene), <em>Bou_</em><em>98583</em> (proline transporter gene), and <em>Bou_</em><em>44133</em> (NAC8 gene), which are critical in maintaining cell wall integrity, osmotic balance, and transcriptional control under chilling stress. Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic profiling highlighted the pivotal role of carbohydrate metabolism in enhancing chilling tolerance. Brasiliensis successfully responded to chilling stress by boosting carbohydrate metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activities, osmolyte accumulation, and modulating hormone levels. These results offer valuable insights into the molecular basis of chilling tolerance in <em>Bougainvillea</em> and present candidate genes and pathways for breeding cold-tolerant cultivars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110556"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145213339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized nitrogen and zinc fertilization boosts yield and quality in sugar beet cultivation in Northeast China by reducing nitrogen losses and enhancing photosynthetic efficiency.","authors":"Meiyu Li, Xiaoyu Zhao, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Faheem Adil, Muhammad Ishfaq, Shafaque Sehar, Shangxuan Liu, Huajun Liu, Songlin Yang, Yan Wang, Baiquan Song","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Excessive nitrogen (N) fertilizer input and insufficient zinc (Zn) fertilizer application are widespread in China's sugar beet production. These practices limit yield, contribute to resource waste, and cause environmental pollution. Optimizing N and Zn fertilization can promote sugar beet growth. However, the regulatory mechanisms of optimized N and Zn fertilization on photosynthetic characteristics of sugar beet remains unclear. Here, field experiments with three replications of each treatment were conducted in Northeast China (Harbin and Shuangyashan) from 2020 to 2021, comparing conventional fertilization (CF), optimized N and Zn fertilization treatments (OPT), and corresponding no-N treatments (CF-N, OPT-N). The results indicated that OPT significantly improved the photosynthetic rate (Pn) by 8.28%, transpiration rate (Tr) by 9.31%, maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII (F_v/F_m) by 25.04 %, potential photochemical activity of PSII (F_v/F_o) by 8.07%, and light energy absorption per unit reaction center (ABS/RC) by 13.01% in beet leaves. This resulted in a two-year average yield increase of 10.18% and 5.69% in Harbin and Shuangyashan, respectively. Moreover, in Harbin and Shuangyashan, OPT markedly increased the average sucrose content in sugar beet roots by 7.03% and refined sugar content by 7.31%, while decreasing amino N by 21.10% and Na content by 7.93%. OPT reduced total N loss by 16.48% and improved NUE by 20.76%, contributing to increased economic (6.43%), social (28.72%), and ecological (25.15%) benefits. In summary, optimizing N and Zn fertilization practices is an effective way to achieve stable and increased sugar beet yields, improve quality and efficiency, and reduce N losses in Northeast China. This study shows promise in improving planting efficiency, ecological sustainability, and promoting sustainable agricultural production.</p>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 Pt C","pages":"110520"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145286774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification, characterization, and functional analysis of the miR160 family in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis)","authors":"Han Li ,&nbsp;Jiang Haizhu ,&nbsp;Lin Xiaofang ,&nbsp;Li Xueping","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid growth of <em>Phyllostachys edulis</em> is intimately linked to auxin signaling. While miR160 has been shown to modulate this pathway through targeting ARF transcription factors, its functional implications in moso bamboo await comprehensive investigation. In this study, we systematically identified members of the miR160 gene family in moso bamboo. A total of 10 precursor sequences and 15 mature sequences were found, and all of the precursors were able to form stable stem‒loop structures (minimum free energy of folding −57.00 to −38.30 kcal/mol). Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis confirmed that this family is highly conserved and is closely related to rice miR160. Target gene prediction revealed that miR160 may act on growth factor response factors such as <em>PheARF22</em> and <em>PheARF13</em>. The cis-acting element of the miR160 promoter was also predicted, and experimental validation revealed that miR160g could specifically cleave target genes. The tissue specificity of miR160 family gene expression was also verified by RT‒qPCR and RNA FISH. Transcriptome analysis of transgenic rice identified 1470 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). GO and KEGG enrichment analyses revealed that miR160 silencing significantly affected plant hormone signaling and secondary metabolic pathways. Subsequent quantification of endogenous auxin (IAA) demonstrated a substantial increase in transgenic plants, providing compelling evidence that miR160 modulates auxin signaling pathways through ARF regulation. These findings offer novel molecular insights into the rapid growth mechanisms of bamboo species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110562"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145225935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Homeostasis of phytohormones is involved in cold resistance of Zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim","authors":"Xiaoqin Zhao ,&nbsp;Ying Yang ,&nbsp;Yiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Huanhuan Liu ,&nbsp;Tianyi Lin ,&nbsp;Yumeng Liu ,&nbsp;Lijuan Wei ,&nbsp;Yiqing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> ‘Jiuyeqing’ is a globally significant spice and economic crop. With the extreme changes of global climate, winter freezing injury has become a significant limiting factor for the development of global pepper industry. Therefore, there is an important need for the screening of cold-resistant pepper germplasms for cold-resistant breeding and the development of <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> ‘Jiuyeqing’ cultivation. In this study, we screened the cold-tolerant strain 2 (CT2) by physiological and biochemical analyses during overwintering. Transcriptomic analyses were performed to systematically investigate the cold tolerance mechanisms of CT2 during natural overwintering. The results showed that, compared to control (CK), the cold-tolerant strain 1 (CT1) and the cold-tolerant strain 3 (CT3), CT2 exhibited reduced leaf yellowing and curling, along with significantly higher levels of chlorophyll <em>a</em>, chlorophyll <em>b</em> and carotenoids, demonstrating enhanced physiological adaptability and photosynthetic efficiency during overwintering. Additionally, the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), relative conductivity (REC), and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), as well as the rate of superoxide anion (O₂⁻) production, were significantly lower, antioxidant enzyme activities [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)] were markedly higher in CT2. Transcriptomic analysis identified a large number of candidate genes and annotated DEGs were obviously enriched in the processes of \"plant hormone signal transduction\", \"starch and sucrose metabolism\" and \"biosynthesis of secondary metabolism\", contributing to the enhanced cold tolerance of the CT2. Furthermore, the expressions of genes involved in the plant hormone signaling pathway and endogenous level of plant hormones were differentially regulated in CT2 during overwintering, indicating the cold resistance mechanism of <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> that involves the signal transduction and endogenous balance of plant hormones. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for breeding cold-resistant <em>Zanthoxylum bungeanum</em> and offer valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms governing the plant's response to cold stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110543"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145207242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brassinosteroid synthesis genes CcCPD/CcDWF4/CcDET2 in Carya cathayensis enhance resilience to salt stress through multi-faceted regulatory mechanisms","authors":"Duanshun Shi ,&nbsp;Haiwen Lin ,&nbsp;Yifan Xu ,&nbsp;Yi Ge ,&nbsp;Yi Teng ,&nbsp;Chunying Huang ,&nbsp;Ketao Wang ,&nbsp;Qixiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jianqin Huang ,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hickory (<em>Carya cathayensis</em>), a valuable woody oil species with considerable economic importance, often suffers from reduced yields in its primary production regions due to soil salinization. Brassinosteroids (BRs), essential hormones that regulate plant growth, development, and stress responses, play a pivotal role in enhancing plant stress resistance. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of key genes involved in BR biosynthesis in <em>C. cathayensis</em> under salt stress have yet to be fully elucidated. This study centered on the key BR biosynthetic genes <em>CcCPD</em>, <em>CcDWF4</em>, and <em>CcDET2</em> in <em>C. cathayensis</em>, systematically examining their fundamental characteristics, including evolutionary conservation, protein properties, subcellular localization, and tissue expression patterns. Our findings also revealed that these genes exhibited dynamic expression patterns in response to salt, drought, and cold stresses, indicating their potential involvement in stress resistance through the modulation of BR biosynthesis. Functional validation through heterologous expression in <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> and overexpression in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> further substantiated the roles of these genes in stress responses and unveiled their multifaceted regulatory mechanisms in salt tolerance. These mechanisms involve the maintenance of ion homeostasis, enhancement of antioxidant capacity and osmotic adjustment, as well as potential remodeling membrane integrity via fatty acid metabolism. This study provides preliminary insights into the mechanisms by which BR biosynthetic genes in <em>C. cathayensis</em> enhance salt tolerance, offering vital targets for the molecular breeding of salt-tolerant woody plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110552"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of cytochrome b5 gene family reveals their potential roles in nitrate response in Xanthium strumarium","authors":"Wanting Zhu ,&nbsp;Hongyu Liu ,&nbsp;Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Na Gao,&nbsp;Min Hui,&nbsp;Yibo Sun,&nbsp;Xiaojia Zhang,&nbsp;Yulong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110544","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110544","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cytochrome <em>b</em>₅ protein (CB5) is a key physiological component in electron transport, playing a significant role in oxidative reactions, plant growth, and stress response mechanisms. In invasive plants, the <em>CB5</em> gene family may potentiate invasion competitiveness by orchestrating oxidative stress homeostasis, thereby conferring adaptive advantages under novel environmental regimes. This study focused on the <em>CB5</em> gene family in <em>Xanthium strumarium</em>, an invasive species. We conducted RNA-sequencing following treatments with 0.5 mM nitrate, 5 mM nitrate, and Gibberellins (GA), as these concentrations mimic varying nitrogen availability and hormonal responses that the plant may encounter in novel environments. 27 putative XstCB5 proteins were isolated and clustered them into four clades in <em>X. strumarium</em>. The 27 <em>XstCB5</em> genes exhibited distinct gene structures encoding a wide range of physiological traits through their corresponding proteins. All the <em>XstCB5s</em> promoters harbored numerous <em>cis</em>-elements related to stress and phytohormones. RNA-sequencing results revealed significant upregulation of 26, 24, and 24 <em>CB5</em> genes in response to the respective treatments. Real-time quantitative PCR and nitrate reductase (NR) activity further demonstrated that <em>XstNR1</em> and <em>XstNR2</em>, the key nitrogen assimilation-related <em>CB5</em> genes, exhibited distinct functions when subjected to conditions of low nitrate stress. The overexpression of <em>XstNR2</em> in <em>Arabidopsis thaliana</em> resulted in an increased biomass following treatment with 0.5 mM nitrate. Our results provide a systematic overview of the <em>XstCB5</em> gene family and emphasize their roles in varying nitrate conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110544"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145192508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated LhNAP mutagenesis extends flower longevity in lily","authors":"Kenichi Shibuya ,&nbsp;Toshikazu Nomizu ,&nbsp;Hayato Morimoto ,&nbsp;Kazuhito Satou","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110551","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110551","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flower longevity is an important trait determining the ornamental plant quality. NAM/ATAF1,2/CUC2 (NAC) transcription factors regulate leaf and petal senescence in several plants. To extend the longevity of lily flowers, in this study we used the CRISPR/Cas9 technology for the targeted mutagenesis of <em>LhNAP</em> encoding the NAC transcription factor in the Oriental hybrid lily (<em>Lilium</em> spp.) ‘Acapulco’. Filament-derived calli were transformed with binary vectors containing guide RNA expression cassettes targeting one or two regions of <em>LhNAP</em> and the codon-optimized Cas9 for <em>Oryza sativa</em> driven by <em>Zea mays</em> ubiquitin promoter. Mutant lines harbouring biallelic mutations at the <em>LhNAP</em> locus exhibited clearly delayed tepal senescence and abscission compared to the wild-type plants. Overall, our results highlight the potential of <em>LhNAP</em>-targeted genome editing to produce lilies with extended flower longevity and reveal the crucial role of LhNAP in regulating tepal senescence and abscission in lilies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110551"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROS-induced oxidative post-translational modifications in plants: another switch for ROS signaling","authors":"Zhiya Liu,&nbsp;Weibiao Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are pivotal signaling molecules that regulate plant growth and development and stress responses. Among these, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), with its relatively long half-life and high stability, plays a dominant role in redox signal transduction. The primary biological function of H₂O₂ is achieved through post-translational modifications of proteins, with cysteine residues being the main targets of its oxidative modifications. Exposure of redox-sensitive cysteine thiols (-SH) to H₂O₂ results in reversible (sulfenylation, -SOH; disulfide bond, -S-S; and <em>S</em>-glutathionylation, -SSG) or irreversible (sulfinylation, -SO₂H; and sulfonylation, -SO₃H) oxidative modifications. These ROS-mediated oxidative post-translational modifications (Oxi-PTMs) are increasingly becoming part of the ROS signaling pathway, and may even be regarded as molecular switches. Therefore, this review delves into ROS-induced Oxi-PTMs and elucidates their significance as critical regulatory switches in ROS signal transduction. Initially, the main types of ROS-induced Oxi-PTMs are summarized, and how these modifications specifically alter the structure, activity and function of proteins to regulate intracellular signaling pathways. Subsequently, the role of <em>S</em>-glutathionylation in ROS signaling in activating or inhibiting key signaling proteins is discussed in detail. Additionally, it compiles key transcription factors directly regulated by Oxi-PTMs and their functions. Ultimately, it proposes potential future research directions and novel insights based on the current state of the field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110540"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought-induced change in carbon allocation between cotton root and the leaf subtending to cotton boll determines boll weight formation","authors":"Jiangjing Ren ,&nbsp;Zhanyi Wang ,&nbsp;Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Wei Hu ,&nbsp;Shanshan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2025.110560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought often has an effect on cotton yield by changing carbon metabolism during the flowering and boll-forming stage. In order to investigate how drought influences carbon allocation between cotton root and the leaf subtending to cotton boll (LSCB), thereby affecting boll weight formation, the pot experiment was conducted from 2021 to 2022 by using three drought levels with soil relative water content (SRWC) of (75 ± 5)% (CK), (60 ± 5)% (moderate drought), and (45 ± 5)% (severe drought) and three drought durations of 10, 24, and 38 days. Along with ¹³C isotope labeling, drought significantly inhibited the LSCB photosynthetic performance, leading to a reduction in photosynthetic carbon input and decreased ¹³C accumulation in both cotton root and LSCB. In LSCB, drought increased sucrose synthase (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) activities but decreased invertase (Acid-INV, Alkaline-INV) activities, leading to sucrose accumulation and restricted carbon transport to cotton boll. In cotton root, drought enhanced SuSy, SPS, and invertase activities, increasing soluble sugar (e.g., sucrose, glucose, fructose) for drought tolerance. Increased root carbon demand further limited carbon supply to cotton boll. Notably, re-watering after 10-day moderate drought rapidly restored LSCB photosynthesis, optimized carbon allocation, mitigated carbon competition between root and cotton boll, and consequently promoted boll weight recovery and maintained seedcotton yield. These results indicate that drought-induced change in carbon allocation between cotton root and LSCB, highlighting the beneficial effect of timely re-watering after moderate short-term drought on yield, thus providing new theoretical insights for optimizing cotton water management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"229 ","pages":"Article 110560"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145186478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}