Placenta最新文献

{"title":"Structural alterations in the placental villous tree in well-controlled gestational diabetes mellitus","authors":"N. Barapatre ,&nbsp;L. Halm ,&nbsp;C. Schmitz ,&nbsp;F.E. von Koch ,&nbsp;C. Kampfer ,&nbsp;H-G. Frank","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>A poorly controlled gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a metabolic disorder affecting glucose regulation, can lead to macrosomia in both, the placenta and the fetus. A well-managed GDM usually results in an uncomplicated pregnancy. Though some qualitative histopathological changes have been described in such uncomplicated pregnancies, a quantitative description of the structural alterations is still missing. The aim of this study is to assess the villous trophoblast and the villous tree quantitatively in GDM placentas, stratified according to the fetal sex.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The villous trees from 20 placentas (10 female and 10 male) affected by GDM and 20 Control placentas (10 female and 10 male) were investigated quantitatively by Stereology and 3D microscopy. The measurement of partial volumes of contractile and non-contractile parts of the villous tree was based on immunohistochemical detection of perivascular myofibroblasts. The villous trophoblast was assessed by 3D microscopy to measure the nuclear surface density.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Only the female GDM placentas show an increase in the density of proliferative trophoblast nuclei and a decrease in the density of non-proliferative trophoblast nuclei. The branching index is reduced in GDM placentas irrespective of the sex. No significant difference was observed in the volumes of the villous tree, the intervillous space, and the fetal vessels. Similarly, the diffusion distance remained unchanged.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Even in well-controlled GDM pregnancies, the villous trophoblast shows a sexually dimorphic alteration in the density of proliferative and non-proliferative nuclei. The branching index, however, is reduced for both villous compartments, independent of fetal sex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 25-32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transplacental passage of ampicillin: Implications for antenatal therapy","authors":"Jana Pastuschek ,&nbsp;Daniela Wissenbach ,&nbsp;Udo R. Markert ,&nbsp;Janine Zoellkau ,&nbsp;Ekkehard Schleussner ,&nbsp;Frank T. Peters ,&nbsp;Tanja Groten","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Bacterial infections during pregnancy can endanger both mother and fetus, leading to premature rupture of membranes, chorioamnionitis, preterm birth, and neonatal sepsis. Effective antibiotic therapy must ensure sufficient exposure. Ampicillin is widely used in pregnancy, particularly against group B <em>streptococcus</em> (GBS) and <em>E. coli</em>, but its pharmacokinetics, including placental transfer, are not fully understood. This study evaluated ampicillin's transplacental transfer using an <em>ex vivo</em> placenta dual-side perfusion model and assessed maternal serum concentrations in pregnant women undergoing therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Six placentas were perfused with 50 or 100 mg/L ampicillin. Ampicillin concentrations were assessed both in the maternal and fetal circuits every 30 min during a period of 4 h. Additionally, maternal serum samples from six pregnant women (gestational age: 24 + 4 to 33 + 0) receiving 2 g ampicillin intravenously were analyzed every 30 min up to 4 h post-administration. Antibiotic concentrations were determined using LC-MS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Concentrations determined in the maternal perfusion circuit were 33.4 ± 15.9 and 41.2 ± 5.8 mg/L, as well as 15.4 ± 4.5 and 25.3 ± 19.9 mg/L in the fetal circuit. The transfer rate was about 25 % after 4 h of perfusion. Maternal serum concentrations at 30 min reached 54.1 ± 6.4 mg/L and declined to 2.3 ± 1.6 mg/L at 4 h.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study using an <em>ex vivo</em> placenta perfusion model, revealed only moderate transplacental transfer of ampicillin. This finding, in the context of the retrieved serum concentrations, suggests that adjusted dosing may be required in severe conditions to optimize drug exposure, emphasizing the need for further pharmacokinetic research in pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 66-72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization, organoid formation and differentiation potential of the novel term trophoblast cell line TB/SVTERT350","authors":"Gudrun Meinhardt ,&nbsp;Hanna Waldhäusl ,&nbsp;Leila Saleh ,&nbsp;Sandra Haider ,&nbsp;Jürgen Pollheimer ,&nbsp;Christian Fiala ,&nbsp;Dieter Bettelheim ,&nbsp;Johanna Gamauf ,&nbsp;Matthias Postl ,&nbsp;Matthias Wieser ,&nbsp;Regina Grillari-Voglauer ,&nbsp;Martin Knöfler","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, we molecularly characterize the novel human term trophoblast cell line TB/SVTERT350 and show that it meets the criteria for trophoblast identity and subtype specification. TB/SVTERT350, cultured under stemness conditions in 2D or 3D, express trophoblast progenitor markers such as E-cadherin, TEAD4 and YAP1 and develop into CGβ-producing syncytiotrophoblast and HLA-G-expressing extravillous trophoblasts in the respective differentiation media. Expanding TB/SVTERT350 organoids share structural similarities with primary trophoblast organoids and express NOTCH1 suggesting that the cell line exhibits phenotypic traits of proximal cell column trophoblasts. In summary, TB/SVTERT350 could represent a reliable model for studying mechanisms of placental growth and differentiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 73-77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146119954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of placental Netrin-1, Netrin-4, and UNC5B in preeclampsia","authors":"Deniz Aydın Ceylan ,&nbsp;Cihan Kabukçu ,&nbsp;Yeliz Arman Karakaya","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Preeclampsia (PE) is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy characterized by impaired placental angiogenesis and an imbalance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. Netrin-1, Netrin-4, and their receptor UNC5B are critical modulators of vascular development. This study investigated their immunohistochemical expression in preeclamptic and healthy placentas.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Placental tissues from 96 women with PE and 71 healthy term controls were analyzed. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tissue microarrays, and immunoreactivity scores (IRS) were calculated based on staining intensity and extent. Expression profiles were compared between groups and across disease severity and gestational age subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Netrin-1 expression was significantly reduced in preeclamptic placentas compared with controls (mean IRS 3.46 ± 2.57 vs. 6.77 ± 3.17; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001), whereas Netrin-4 and UNC5B were markedly upregulated (Netrin-4: 8.60 ± 3.22 vs. 1.92 ± 1.59; UNC5B: 4.75 ± 1.95 vs. 3.49 ± 1.30; all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). Netrin-1 remained consistently decreased across severity subgroups, while Netrin-4 expression was significantly higher in severe versus non-severe PE (<em>p</em> = 0.002). Expression levels did not differ between early- and late-onset PE. Correlation analysis showed a negative association between Netrin-1 and Netrin-4 (<em>r</em> = −0.425) and a positive correlation between Netrin-4 and UNC5B (<em>r</em> = 0.439) (both <em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PE is associated with a coordinated shift in the placental Netrin signaling axis, characterized by downregulation of the pro-angiogenic Netrin-1 and upregulation of the anti-angiogenic ligand Netrin-4 and receptor UNC5B. These findings suggest that Netrin-mediated angiogenic imbalance may play a key role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 7-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146011635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein subunit S1 leads to changes in several functional characteristics of human trophoblast cells","authors":"Francisca Carmo ,&nbsp;Ilda Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Carla Ramalho ,&nbsp;Fátima Martel","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>By directly regulating nutrient supply and fetal growth, the placenta plays a central role in fetal programming. The extent to which SARS-CoV-2 maternal infection during pregnancy will affect the long-term metabolic health of the newborn is yet to be explored. As trophoblast cells express the ACE2 (angiotensin converting enzyme 2) receptor, we aimed to investigate the potential fetal programming effects of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein S1 subunit (Spike S1), by focusing on nutrient transport.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We investigated the <em>in vitro</em> effect of Spike S1 (100 ng/mL; 24 h) on two <em>in vitro</em> models of human trophoblasts, primary cultured human trophoblasts and the BeWo cell line.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Spike S1 elicited an inflammatory response, caused a low grade cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect and, in the more actively replicating BeWo cell line, induced G2-M cell cycle arrest. Moreover, it interfered with the activities of the glucose transporter GLUT1 (facilitative glucose transporter 1) and the folic acid transporter RFC1 (reduced folate carrier 1), and altered the gene expression of the amino acid transporters LAT1 (L-type amino acid transporter 1) and y⁺LAT2 (y⁺L-type amino acid transporter 2). It also markedly increased mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) gene expression in primary cultured trophoblasts.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>We conclude that the Spike S1 subunit induces some changes in trophoblast metabolic parameters that may be of relevance for fetal programming metabolic disease in the adult.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 40-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo assessment of placental microstructure in normal pregnancy and gestational hypertension: An IVIM-based MRI study","authors":"Yajing Mao ,&nbsp;Jialu Xu ,&nbsp;Shengyi Gu ,&nbsp;Huanrong Liu ,&nbsp;Sheng Wan ,&nbsp;Xiping Hong ,&nbsp;Jiejun Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaolin Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Our aim was to evaluate placental function using IVIM diffusion-weighted MRI in both normal pregnancies and gestational hypertension, and develop a combined predictive model for severe fetal growth restriction (sFGR).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We studied 32 healthy pregnant women and 40 with gestational hypertension (20 with sFGR, 20 without). Five IVIM-based parameters were calculated: perfusion fraction (f), true diffusion coefficient (D), pseudo-diffusion coefficient (D∗), diffusion distribution coefficient (DDC), and superdiffusion index (γ). These parameters were compared between the groups. Predictive efficiency was evaluated using logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared to controls, gestational hypertension cases exhibited lower f, D, DDC values and higher γ value (all p &lt; 0.05). Both f value (OR: 0.257, 95 % CI: 0.069–0.957; p = 0.043) and γ value (OR: 0.343, 95 % CI: 0.128–0.918; p = 0.033) independently predicted sFGR. A combined predictive model (f, D∗, DDC and γ) achieved superior prediction (AUC: 0.838).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>IVIM-derived parameters effectively quantify placental microcirculation differences and show strong potential as non-invasive biomarkers for sFGR prediction in gestational hypertension.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 33-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant neural crest cells migration leads to melanocyte presence in the umbilical cord","authors":"Louis Samson ,&nbsp;Stephanie Worrell ,&nbsp;Cláudia M. Salgado ,&nbsp;Emilio Medina-Ceballos ,&nbsp;Daisy Wu ,&nbsp;Lauren B. Skvarca ,&nbsp;Natalie I. Larsen ,&nbsp;Nicole N. Balmer ,&nbsp;Ona Marie Faye-Petersen ,&nbsp;Robert Bendon ,&nbsp;Stewart Cramer ,&nbsp;Miguel Reyes-Múgica","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Systematic evaluation of the umbilical cord is an integral part of placental examination. Among the important parameters of this exam is the assessment of visible lesions such as knots and discoloration. The latter can be due to funisitis (yellow-white), meconium staining (green), vascular congestion (red-blue), or maternal hyperbilirubinemia (yellow). This case series presents fifteen examples of umbilical cord lesions characterized by foci of brown-black discoloration caused by melanin deposition.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Placental pathology reports from our institutions mentioning melanocytes or melanin in the umbilical cord were reviewed, and the slides pulled for histologic analysis by members of the pathology team. Immunohistochemical (SOX10, Melan-A, PHOX2B, and CD56) and histochemical (Fontana-Masson) staining was performed retrospectively on the umbilical cord sections.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifteen cases of umbilical cord with grossly visible brown linear stippling or punctate discoloration were confirmed. Microscopic examination showed scattered SOX10-positive melanocytes in the amnion layer with melanin deposition and uptake by the amniocytes. Nine of the fifteen infants and none of the mothers had congenital melanocytic nevi.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of melanocytes and melanin pigment in the umbilical cord. We propose that an aberrant migration of neural crest cells into the umbilical cord, with subsequent differentiation into melanocytes, is the most likely pathogenesis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145986751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroplacental Interactions in early human development: Insights from selective acute neuronal necrosis","authors":"Sara Quinones ,&nbsp;María Isabel Esteban-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Clara Simon de Blas ,&nbsp;Marta De Uribe-Viloria ,&nbsp;Víctor Macarrón ,&nbsp;Eva Paola Sánchez-López ,&nbsp;Gabriela Barrios ,&nbsp;Abraham Andreu-Cervera ,&nbsp;Verónica Company ,&nbsp;Miguel Martínez-Sempere ,&nbsp;Eva Maranillo ,&nbsp;Isabel Adrados ,&nbsp;Rita María Regojo ,&nbsp;Eduardo Puelles","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The correct development of the central nervous system depends largely on the last two trimesters of gestation and the early neonatal period. Neurological lesions are common in autopsies, being one of the most relevant, selective acute neuronal necrosis, a manifestation of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. This study aimed to analyse the distribution of selective acute neuronal necrosis (SANN) and its association with placental lesions, clinical factors and other central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From 1090 autopsies performed, 205 cases (18.8 %) with SANN were identified. Placental diagnoses followed the Amsterdam Consensus. Statistical analysis included logistic regression and non-parametric tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Placental examination was available in 122 of the 205 SANN cases. The most frequent placental patterns were maternal vascular malperfusion in 55.7 %, fetal vascular malperfusion in 38.5 %, chronic villitis in 31.1 %, and ascending intrauterine infection in 24.6 %. The presence of placental lesions was significantly associated with increased risk of cerebral neocortex and pons involvement.</div><div>Lower gestational age (GA) was associated with basal ganglia and cerebellar cortex involvement, whereas higher GA was linked to cerebral neocortex involvement. Live-born individuals presented more hippocampal and midbrain involvement. Males showed more hippocampal involvement, and females more cerebellar cortex involvement.</div><div>Other CNS abnormalities were found in 71.3 % of SANN cases, mainly gray matter gliosis (60 %), white matter gliosis (43.4 %), haemorrhages (30.2 %), and neuronal migration disorders (8.8 %).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These findings highlight the close relationship between placental lesions and SANN, supporting the importance of CNS and placental assessment in these autopsies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146030616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of residue aspirin and its bioactive metabolites in human placenta: Application to high-risk to preeclampsia women received prophylactic low-dose aspirin","authors":"Kenean Getaneh Tlaye ,&nbsp;So Pui Kin ,&nbsp;Gashaw Garedew Woldeamanuel ,&nbsp;Bo Wah Leung ,&nbsp;Liona C. Poon ,&nbsp;Chi Chiu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2025.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.placenta.2025.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The human placenta plays central role in preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis and may modulate the effectiveness of prophylactic low-dose aspirin (LDA). In this study, we optimized and validated LC-MS/MS method to quantify the residual acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), salicylic acid (SA), and gentisic acid (GA) in the placenta of LDA exposed women.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Analytes were extracted from the placenta using acetonitrile with 0.1 % formic acid (v/v). Stable deuterated isotopes i.e., ASA-d4, SA-d4, and GA-d3 were used as an internal standard (IS) for ASA, SA, and GA respectively. The multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with ion transitions of <em>m/z</em> 178.9 → 93.2, 182.9 → 97, 136.9 → 92.9, 140.9 → 96.9, 152.9 → 108.9, and 154.9 → 110.9 were used for ASA, ASA-d4, SA, SA-d4, GA, and GA-d3, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The developed method was successfully applied to analyze ASA, SA, and GA residuals in the placenta of aspirin responder (R) and non-responder (NR) women who had been taking LDA for PE prevention. Slightly higher yet non-significant increment of ASA and SA was seen in R placenta. Following LDA, ASA and GA were found to be rarely detected and short-lived, while SA was the most abundant and retained in the placenta for an extended duration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The method allows the determination of ASA, SA, and GA from human placenta. The difference in aspirin responsiveness among women at high risk for PE may be driven by other pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, or pharmacogenomic variabilities, rather than by differences in the placental concentration of ASA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":"175 ","pages":"Pages 78-86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145506442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ex vivo human placental imaging: Navigating modalities, scales, and analysis approaches to obtain fit-for-purpose data.","authors":"Mary E Spring, Alys R Clark, Gowsihan Poologasundarampillai, Michele C Darrow, Joanna L James","doi":"10.1016/j.placenta.2026.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2026.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The placenta is one of the most accessible human organs for ex vivo imaging, yet it still remains one of the least understood. Recent advances in ex vivo imaging approaches provide opportunities to capture the complex anatomy of the placenta and its vasculature across multiple scales. However, alongside this it is imperative to consider how we can optimise workflows - from tissue sampling and preparation to analysis - to obtain meaningful quantitative data from imaging, including computational handling of large and complex datasets at scale. Indeed, such tools are critical to advance our insight into how structure-function relationships change across gestation, or in pregnancy pathologies. This review first provides a quantitative overview of placental structure, then critically considers the advantages and disadvantages of current and emerging ex vivo placental imaging approaches from the subcellular level to the organ scale, with a focus on methods and considerations to enable meaningful quantification and downstream use of data.</p>","PeriodicalId":20203,"journal":{"name":"Placenta","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147355506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}