Dymanics of stroke in pregnant women with preeclampsia

Introduction

Preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in Kazakhstan, with its prevalence rising in recent years. The condition poses significant risks to both maternal and neonatal health. Identifying prognostic criteria for stroke development among women with preeclampsia is essential for improving outcomes. Methods. This study evaluated the diagnostic significance of clinical features and risk factors for stroke in pregnant women with preeclampsia. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 200 pregnant women divided into two groups: 100 women with acute cerebrovascular events associated with preeclampsia (main group) and 100 women with preeclampsia but without stroke (comparison group). Data were collected from 2016 to 2022, focusing on clinical, anamnestic, and laboratory markers. Results. Significant differences in risk factors were observed between the two groups. Key predictors of stroke in the context of preeclampsia included advanced maternal age (>35 years), obesity, a maternal family history of stroke, and a history of stillbirth. Adverse outcomes such as emergency caesarean sections, maternal death, intrauterine foetal death, and early neonatal death were more frequent in the main group compared to the comparison group. Discussion. The findings highlight the need for early identification and monitoring of high-risk pregnancies to prevent stroke and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes. Proactive interventions based on these risk factors can help mitigate maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in Kazakhstan.