Physiology & Behavior最新文献

{"title":"The effects of risperidone and voluntary exercise intervention on synaptic plasticity gene expressions in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of juvenile female rats","authors":"Weijie Yi,&nbsp;Emma Sylvester,&nbsp;Jiamei Lian,&nbsp;Chao Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Psychiatric disorders and antipsychotics are associated with impaired neuroplasticity, while physical exercise has been reported to enhance neuroplasticity and improve cognitive and affective processes. Therefore, this study hypothesizes that voluntary exercise can enhance synaptic plasticity in juvenile rats disrupted by risperidone, a commonly prescribed antipsychotic for pediatric patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-two juvenile female rats were randomly assigned to Vehicle+Sedentary, Risperidone (0.9mg/kg; b.i.d)+Sedentary, Vehicle+Exercise (three hours daily access to running wheels), and Risperidone+Exercise groups for four week treatment. Brains were collected for further analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In the hippocampus, the mRNA expressions of <em>Bdnf, Ntrk2</em>, and <em>Grin2b</em> were increased by risperidone and exercise intervention. Exercise upregulated expression of <em>Grin1</em> and <em>Grin2a. Syn1</em> and <em>Syp</em> mRNA expression were enhanced by exercise in the risperidone-treated group. The expression of both <em>Mfn1</em> and <em>Drp1</em> mRNA were decreased by risperidone-only treatment. In the prefrontal cortex, <em>Bdnf</em> and <em>Dlg4</em> expression was upregulated by exercise, while the <em>Ntrk2</em> expression was reduced by risperidone and reversed by exercise. The <em>Mfn1</em> mRNA expression was decreased by risperidone with or without voluntary exercise. The risperidone-decreased <em>Ppargc1α</em> gene expression was enhanced by exercise.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Risperidone affects synaptic plasticity through a complex mechanism in female juvenile rats: enhancing certain key genes in the hippocampus while inhibiting genes essential for mitochondrial function. In line with our hypothesis, voluntary exercise promotes genes beneficial for synaptic plasticity and enhances specific genes reduced by risperidone, in female juvenile rats.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114879"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To stream or not to stream? Watching TV while eating promotes increased calorie consumption, but using a smartphone does not","authors":"Angela C. Incollingo Rodriguez,&nbsp;Mira S. Kirschner,&nbsp;Lorena S. Nunes","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114878","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114878","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The integration of technology throughout daily life has become a pervasive environmental influence with wide-ranging implications, including for how we eat. Previous research demonstrates that simultaneously eating and watching television (TV) leads to increased food consumption. However, the effects of smartphone use are still uncertain as the limited existing research has yielded conflicting findings.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Under the guise of being a study about multitasking, this research experimentally tested the influence of using technology (either TV or a smartphone) while eating compared to while eating undistracted among college students (N = 114).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants ate significantly more while watching TV versus while not. This difference was not observed among those using a smartphone.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that TV viewing likely continues to promote overeating, but smartphone use may not be associated with concurrent increased consumption. Nonetheless, future research is needed to understand effects on subsequent eating as well as interactive effects between smartphone use and TV viewing in modulating eating behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114878"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The relationship between “microbiota-gut-brain” axis and depression: Chronic stress-induced inflammation","authors":"Haohao Wang ,&nbsp;Jinxiang Wu ,&nbsp;Pan Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Wang ,&nbsp;Leilei Gao ,&nbsp;Dong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyuan Ding ,&nbsp;Ting Su","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate the pathogenesis of depression in mice using the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) model, with a particular focus on the changes in inflammatory gene networks and inflammatory factor levels under the condition of gut microbiota dysbiosis. The results indicate that CUMS-induced mice exhibited significant depressive-like behaviors. Specifically, they displayed reduced sucrose intake in the sucrose preference test, decreased central area distance and time in the open field test, and reduced percentage of entries and time spent in the open arm in the elevated plus maze test. Molecular biological analysis indicated that CUMS treatment significantly upregulated the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ in the serum and hippocampus of mice. Through high-throughput sequencing and Pearson correlation analysis, it was found that the levels of inflammatory factors were significantly positively correlated with the expression of multiple inflammatory pathway genes, as well as the abundance of beneficial and harmful bacteria. Furthermore, the persistent changes in inflammatory factors ultimately led to neuronal cell death. This study provides strong evidence for the role of disrupted “microbiota-gut-brain” axis homeostasis in the pathogenesis of CUMS-induced depression in mice. This finding offers a new perspective for understanding the pathological mechanisms of depression and provides strategies for future depression treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114881"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Sertoli cell transplantation attenuates microglial activation and inhibits TRPC6 expression in neuropathic pain induced by spinal cord injury” [Physiology & Behavior 251 (2022) 1-11/ 113807]","authors":"Behnaz Rahimi ,&nbsp;Abbas Aliaghaei ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Ramezani ,&nbsp;Zahra Behroozi ,&nbsp;Farinaz Nasirinezhad","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114858","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143625364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction notice to “Aerobic and resistance exercises affect the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway, and hippocampal neuron density of high-fat diet-induced obese elderly rats” [Physiology & Behavior 264 (2023) 114140]","authors":"Keshvari Maryam,&nbsp;Heidarianpour Ali","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114866","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114866"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143606183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between individual differences in interoception and cardiac coherence during heart rate variability biofeedback","authors":"Ryuji Saito ,&nbsp;Kazuki Yoshida ,&nbsp;Daisuke Sawamura","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114877","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114877","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Heart rate variability biofeedback (HRVBF) is the training to increase vagally-mediated heart rate variability (vmHRV), accompanied by slow-paced breathing and feedback of heart rhythm. It has been reported to be effective for emotion and cognition. In recent years, increased attention has turned toward participant characteristics as factors affecting HRVBF training effects. Focusing on neural basis commonalities between the mechanisms of HRVBF training effects and processing interoception, this study comprehensively measured interoception and examined the relationship between interoception and cardiac coherence reflecting HRVBF effects. Fifty-four healthy young participants were recruited, and subjective interoception was measured using the Japanese version of Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA-J) and the Japanese version of the Body Perception Questionnaire-Body Awareness Very Short Form (BPQ-BAVSF-J), objective interoception using heartbeat counting task (HCT), heart rate variability (HRV), visual exteroception, and the coherence score achieved by HRVBF. We conducted a multiple regression analysis with interoception, HRV, and visual exteroception parameters as explanatory variables and the coherence score as the objective variable. Some subjective interoception and HRV parameters were found to be associated with the coherence score. Our results were consistent with previous studies, showing that higher vmHRV was related to high cardiac coherence. Interoception effects on cardiac coherence may be limited because of the low adjusted coefficient of determination and less selected explanatory variables in the multiple regression analysis. Our results may contribute toward predicting HRVBF training effects and the screening of those who are likely to benefit from the training from the perspective of interoception and vmHRV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114877"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143597623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of pharmacologic estradiol on anxiety-related behavior in adolescent and adult female mice","authors":"Kalynn M. Schulz ,&nbsp;Marcia C. Chavez ,&nbsp;Zoey Forrester-Fronstin","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Early pubertal onset during adolescence is consistently linked with increased risk of anxiety and depression in girls. Although estradiol tends to have anxiolytic effects on behavior in adulthood, whether estradiol's anxiolytic actions change pre- to post-adolescent development is not clear. Using a rodent model, the current study tested whether anxiety-like responses to estradiol differ before and after adolescence in female mice. Prepubertal and adult C57BL/6 mice were ovariectomized, implanted with vehicle- or estradiol-filled silastic capsules, and behavioral tested 6 days later in the open field and elevated zero maze. A pharmacologic dose of estradiol was administered in silastic capsules (0.72 μg/0.02 mL) to maximize behavioral responses at both ages. In the open field, estradiol implants decreased anxiety-like behavior in adolescent females (relative to vehicle) and had negligible effects on anxiety-related behavior in adult females. These data suggest that adolescence is associated with changes in behavioral responsiveness to estradiol. In the elevated zero maze, adolescent females displayed higher levels of anxiety-like behavior than adults, irrespective of estradiol treatment. These findings demonstrate that substantial changes in anxiety-related behavior occur during adolescence, including an assay-dependent shift in behavioral responsiveness to estradiol.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining the impact of 28-week multicomponent and strength exercises on brain health, salivary stress, and mental well-being in frail older women: A controlled trial analysis","authors":"Guilherme Eustáquio Furtado ,&nbsp;Marcelo Paes de Barros ,&nbsp;Rafael N. Rodrigues ,&nbsp;André Luís Lacerda Bachi ,&nbsp;Matheus Uba Chupel ,&nbsp;Saulo Vasconcelos Rocha ,&nbsp;Rodolfo P. Vieira ,&nbsp;Eef Hogervorst ,&nbsp;Ana Maria Teixeira ,&nbsp;José Pedro Ferreira","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In recent years, the efficacy of various physical exercise programs in enhancing functional fitness among frail older adults has gained recognition. However, limited research has concurrently explored the long-term effects of exercise on brain health, stress biomarkers, and mental well-being. This study aimed to investigate the impact of two distinct chair-based exercise programs on salivary stress hormones and psychological well-being in frail older women over a 28-week period.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 140 individuals participated in the enrollment phase, with 84 eligible participants randomly assigned to three groups. Following the intervention, data from 60 participants were analyzed across the multicomponent exercise (MCE, n = 23), elastic band muscle-strength exercise (ESE, n=19), and non-exercise control (CG n=18) groups. Salivary biomarkers of alpha-amylase (α-AMY) Cortisol (COR), alpha-amylase/cortisol ratio, psychological indicators and physical frailty (PF) and functional fitness were assessed pre- and post-intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Salivary COR levels exhibited a significant time × group interaction, with a moderate increase in MCE, a small decrease in ESE, and a substantial increase in CGne. Salivary α-AMY levels varied significantly over time and by group, with a small decrease in both exercise groups and a moderate increase in CGne. The α-AMY /COR ratio also displayed a significant interaction effect. Additionally, significant improvements were observed in PF compound scores, general self-efficacy, attitudes toward aging, and reductions in perceived stress and depressive symptoms (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Notably, the MCE program demonstrated greater benefits than ESE. The observed associations between changes in α-AMY levels, mental well-being, and functional fitness indicators contribute novel evidence on the psychophysiological adaptations to long-term exercise. Importantly, reductions in PF scores correlated with improvements in self-efficacy, attitudes toward aging, and handgrip strength, reinforcing the link between functional fitness, stress regulation, and psychological well-bein<strong>g</strong>. These findings emphasize the need for tailored exercise interventions to enhance both physiological resilience and mental health in frail older populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114868"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alcohol and cannabis use for pain management: Translational findings of relative risks, benefits, and interactions","authors":"Sumin Lee,&nbsp;Scott Edwards","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114867","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114867","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic pain affects over 20% of the global population and contributes to the vast burden of psychiatric illness. While effective treatments for chronic pain remain limited, both alcohol and cannabis have been used for centuries to manage pain and closely associated negative affective symptoms. However, persistent misuse of alcohol and/or cannabis in such a negative reinforcement fashion is hypothesized to increase the risk of severity of substance use disorders (SUDs). The current review describes neurobiological evidence for the analgesic efficacy of alcohol and primary cannabis constituents and how use or co-use of these substances may influence SUD risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of amisulpride in male schizophrenics: Role of short-chain fatty acids and gene expression changes","authors":"Saizheng Weng ,&nbsp;Jinchi Zheng ,&nbsp;Yichuan Lin ,&nbsp;Hongqiao Fang ,&nbsp;Chih-Yuan Ko","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex disorder characterized by acute symptom exacerbations. Amisulpride, an antipsychotic, has shown effects beyond its primary neurochemical actions, suggesting an influence on the gut microbiome, cytokine modulation, and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolism. This study aims to investigate these broader effects by examining changes in serum SCFA levels and gene expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) following amisulpride treatment. Patients with SCZ undergoing a four-week amisulpride regimen were enrolled. Serum SCFA levels were quantified by gas chromatography, and gene expression profiling was performed in PBMCs using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to assess treatment-associated changes. Results revealed that treatment with amisulpride resulted in a significant increase in serum acetate levels. Gene expression analysis revealed upregulation of G<em>-protein coupled receptor 109a</em> (<em>GPR109a</em>), <em>histone deacetylase 1</em> (<em>HDAC1)</em>, G<em>-protein coupled receptor 43</em> (<em>GPR43</em>)<em>, Toll-like receptor 2</em> (<em>TLR2</em>)<em>, soluble CD14</em> (<em>sCD14</em>), and N<em>-methyl-</em><span>d</span><em>-aspartate receptor</em> (<em>NMDAR</em>), while <em>Toll-like receptor 4</em> (<em>TLR4</em>) and <em>pregnane X receptor</em> (<em>PXR</em>) were downregulated. These findings suggest that amisulpride may modulate acetate metabolism and immune signaling pathways in SCZ, potentially contributing to anti-inflammatory effects and neuroimmune regulation. The observed increase in acetate, a key microbial metabolite, and the altered expression of immune-related genes suggest a possible link between metabolic shifts and immunomodulatory responses in SCZ pathophysiology. However, direct evidence linking these changes to gut-brain axis mechanisms remains insufficient. Further research is needed to elucidate the therapeutic implications of these metabolic and immunological alterations and their potential role in symptom modulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"294 ","pages":"Article 114864"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}