Physiology & Behavior最新文献

{"title":"Resting autonomic activity predicts the efficiency of approach-avoidance responses to emotional faces","authors":"Mitsuhiko Ishikawa ,&nbsp;Ayumi Yoshioka","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In social situations, adaptive responses to another are crucial for smooth interactions, requiring immediate actions based on contextual cues. While previous studies have demonstrated the importance of autonomic nervous system (ANS) in emotional processing, the relationship between resting ANS activity and approach-avoidance responses to emotional faces remains unclear. This study investigated how resting autonomic nervous activity measured by skin conductance level (SCL) relates to approach-avoidance decisions in response to facial expressions. After recording resting SCL, participants performed an approach-avoidance task (AAT) with emotional facial stimuli. The task required either approaching happy faces while avoiding angry faces (value-congruent condition) or the opposite pattern (value-incongruent condition). Reaction times (RTs) were significantly faster in value-congruent conditions compared to value-incongruent conditions. The resting SCL showed a significant correlation with the congruency effect (RT difference between conditions). These findings suggest that resting autonomic states, particularly sympathetic arousal, may contribute to the efficiency of approach-avoidance responses. Higher sympathetic activity at rest predicted more efficient responses to emotional faces, potentially reflecting enhanced action readiness. These results extend previous findings on ANS involvement in emotional processing to the domain of approach-avoidance responses to social stimuli, highlighting the role of physiological states in adaptive social behaviour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 114912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tactile Stimulation and its Impact on Barrel Cortex Neuron Receptive Fields in Whisker-Deprived male Rats","authors":"Mohammad Reza Afarinesh ,&nbsp;Bi Bi Marzieh Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Mansoureh Sabzalizadeh ,&nbsp;Faly Golshan ,&nbsp;Vahid Sheibani","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the enhancement of neuronal performance through the interaction of various sensory stimuli and evaluating how these interactions influence neuronal responses and sensorimotor behaviors is critical. This study investigates the simultaneous effects of tactile stimulation (TS) and sensory deprivation of whiskers on the receptive field properties of barrel cortex neurons in Wistar rats. Male rats were subjected to whisker deprivation (WD) or TS for 21 days from birth. Neuronal responses to controlled deflections of principal and adjacent whiskers were assessed using single-unit recordings from the barrel cortex. Results indicated that while WD reduced the excitatory receptive fields of neurons, the magnitude of ON and OFF responses returned to control group levels following TS, suggesting improved neuronal function. These findings demonstrate that tactile stimulation can compensate for deficits caused by sensory deprivation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 114911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astrocytes of the hippocampus and responses to periprandial neuroendocrine hormones","authors":"Ana L. Loera-Lopez ,&nbsp;Magen N. Lord ,&nbsp;Emily E. Noble","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Astrocytes have risen as stars in the field of energy homeostasis and neurocognitive function, acting as a bridge of communication between the periphery and the brain, providing metabolic support, signaling via gliotransmitters, and altering synaptic communication. Dietary factors and energy state have a profound influence on hippocampal function, and the hippocampus is critical for appropriate behavioral responses associated with feeding and internal hunger cues (being in the fasted or full state), but how the hippocampus senses periprandial status and is impacted by diet is largely unknown. Periprandial hormones act within the hippocampus to modulate processes involved in hippocampal-dependent learning and memory function and astrocytes likely play an important role in modulating this signaling. In addition to periprandial hormones, astrocytes are positioned to respond to changes in circulating nutrients like glucose. Here, we review literature investigating how astrocytes mediate changes in hippocampal function, highlighting astrocyte location, morphology, and function in the context of integrating glucose metabolism, neuroendocrine hormone action, and/or cognitive function in the hippocampus. Specifically, we discuss research findings on the effects of insulin, ghrelin, leptin, and GLP-1 on glucose homeostasis, neural activity, astrocyte function, and behavior in the hippocampus. Because obesogenic diets impact neuroendocrine hormones, astrocytes, and cognitive function, we also discuss the effects of diet and diet-induced obesity on these parameters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 114913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143825739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased independent ingestion in Anorexia (anx) mutant mice","authors":"Rahel Nardos ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Kowalski ,&nbsp;Thomas A. Houpt","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Anorexia</em> mutant mice (<em>anx/anx</em>) stop gaining weight by postnatal day 14 and die from starvation within 3–4 weeks. Their defect is not conclusively identified: a point mutation in <em>Tyro3</em> is present and modulates the phenotype. The behavioral or physiological mechanisms causing starvation are unknown. To determine if <em>anx</em> causes decreased independent ingestion, pups were given short-term access to half-and-half on postnatal days 14 and 19. The <em>anx</em> mutants ingested similar or larger amounts than wildtype on both days. The <em>anx/anx</em> mutation may decrease growth not by hypophagia <em>per se</em>, but as result of other complications such as decreased maternally-dependent suckling or failure to transition to independent ingestion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 114908"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143814824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress mindset predicts psychophysiological responses to stress and eating behaviors and moderates the stress-eating relationship in women","authors":"Rebecca R. Klatzkin ,&nbsp;Zaynah Ward ,&nbsp;Ellie Parker ,&nbsp;Eleanor Gilstrap ,&nbsp;Aadhya Arkalgud ,&nbsp;Alexandra D. Babij ,&nbsp;Jacquelyn Pence ,&nbsp;Richard J. Bloomer","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals tend to shift their preferences towards comfort foods following acute stressors, but do not ubiquitously increase the amount of food consumed. Many individuals overeat in response to stressors, yet others decrease or do not change their food intake. Individual differences in factors related to stress and eating, such as stress mindset (i.e., perceptions regarding the nature of stress), may explain this variability in stress-eating. To investigate, we conducted the present pre-registered study, where we investigated whether stress mindset, 1) predicted psychophysiological stress responses, 2) predicted snack intake post-stress, and 3) moderated the stress-eating relationship. Participants were 86 women (34 % non-White) between 18 and 22 years old, with a mean body mass index of 24 kg/m^2, who completed two visits. Participants completed an assessment of stress mindset during a preliminary screening and, on a subsequent laboratory visit, underwent a stress mindset manipulation followed by an acute social stress task (i.e., TSST) and a snack food taste test. Greater stress-is-enhancing mindsets during screening predicted more adaptive stress responses (greater ratio of sympathetic markers to cortisol levels) and healthier post-stress eating behaviors. Furthermore, the moderation model (PROCESS model 1) was significant: greater post-stress negative affect was associated with more M&amp;M intake only for women with greater stress-is-debilitating mindsets at screening, and greater heart rate was associated with less chip and veggie straw intake only for women with greater stress-is-enhancing mindsets at screening. Thus, stronger stress-is-enhancing mindsets may reduce the impact of psychophysiological stress responses on snack food intake for women. Replications in larger and more diverse samples may elucidate the mechanisms underlying the moderation and inform eating- and obesity-related treatments targeting stress mindset.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"296 ","pages":"Article 114910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the hypothalamus in the development of cancer cachexia","authors":"Dimitrios Stagikas ,&nbsp;Yannis Vasileios Simos ,&nbsp;Lampros Lakkas ,&nbsp;Panagiotis Filis ,&nbsp;Dimitrios Peschos ,&nbsp;Konstantinos Ioannis Tsamis","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cachexia is a complex multiorgan syndrome associated with various chronic diseases, characterized by anorexia and increased tissue wasting in the context of chronic inflammation. A specific form of this syndrome, known as cancer cachexia (CC), occurs alongside different types of tumors. The pathogenesis of CC is multifactorial. Inflammatory mediators and hormones released by both tumor and host cells have a relevant role in driving the peripheral catabolic process through several direct mechanisms. Accumulating evidence indicates that the central nervous system (CNS) plays an integral role in the pathogenesis of CC. The hypothalamus has emerged as a critical brain region that senses and amplifies peripheral stimuli, generating inappropriate neuronal signaling and leading to the dysregulation of energy homeostasis under cachexia conditions. Circulating cytokines may act in concert with hormones and neurotransmitters and perturb critical hypothalamic neurocircuits shifting their activity towards the anorexigenic pathway and increase of energy expenditure. This review discusses the mechanisms mediating the hypothalamic homeostatic imbalance in the context of anorexia and cachexia associated with cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 114909"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of infra-red thermography to study emotions of wild crested macaques (Macaca nigra) in their natural habitat","authors":"Juliette M. Berthier ,&nbsp;Brandon C. Wheeler ,&nbsp;Indira N. Qomariah ,&nbsp;Dyah Perwitasari-Farajallah ,&nbsp;Nicholas E. Newton-Fisher","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infra-red thermography (IRT) has been validated across a range of taxa as a non-invasive method to quantify physiological changes (variation in skin temperature) that serve as a proxy for emotional arousal in humans and other animals. While its effectiveness has been demonstrated in captivity, its application in wild animals under natural conditions remains underexplored. This study validates IRT in wild crested macaques (<em>Macaca nigra</em>), observed in their natural habitat, to assess its potential for studying short-term emotions as proximate mechanisms of behavior of wild animals. Seventy-five playback experiments and predator model presentations were conducted on 14 adult females, exposing them to stimuli including affiliative grunts, contact calls, aggressive screams, alarm calls, and python models. The objectives were to: (1) evaluate whether environmental and physical factors, such as atmospheric conditions and camera-subject distance, impact thermal measurements; (2) determine whether facial skin temperature variations reliably indicate emotional arousal and valence in response to ecologically relevant stimuli; and (3) explore correlations between temperature changes and behavioral indicators of arousal, such as physical activity and self-directed behaviors. Results showed that: (1) environmental and physical factors did not significantly affect thermal measurements when following our protocol; (2) facial skin temperature changes reliably reflected the intensity of emotional arousal elicited by different stimuli; and (3) temperature variation was associated with behavioral indicators of arousal and anxiety. These findings establish IRT as a reliable tool for investigating emotion-driven skin temperature changes in wild primates, providing valuable insights into the role of short-term emotions in shaping behavior</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"296 ","pages":"Article 114904"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to ’ The role of ultrasonic vocalizations in rat laryngological investigations’ [Physiology & Behavior volume 294 (2025) start page 1 –end page 10 /article number 114887]","authors":"Adrianna C. Shembel ,&nbsp;Aaron M. Johnson ,&nbsp;Michelle R. Ciucci ,&nbsp;Charlie Lenell Lunaris ,&nbsp;Robert A. Morrison ,&nbsp;Denis Michael Rudisch","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114907","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114907","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 114907"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of urinary chemosignals on mice behavior in the tube test","authors":"Kseniya Avimova,&nbsp;Dmitry Sandakov","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many animal species form dominance hierarchies, and one of the ways of maintaining them is individual recognition. Mice recognize each other and individual social status via olfactory urinary signaling. We tested if familiarity with urine scent alters mice behavior when competing in the Tube test.</div><div>Subordinate mice, who were familiar with the scent of a dominant individual applied on their opponents, lose more than subordinates not familiar with the scent of the same dominant applied on their opponents. Moreover, these familiar with dominant's odor mice withdrew more often than the unfamiliar with dominant's odor mice.</div><div>The results obtained show that 1) mice use individual recognition during the competition in the Tube test, 2) like in other species, social hierarchy in mice can be maintained with the withdrawal of subordinates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 114903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary protein restriction in rats leads to a rapid within-session preference for protein","authors":"Giulia Chiacchierini ,&nbsp;Fabien Naneix ,&nbsp;John Apergis-Schoute ,&nbsp;James E McCutcheon","doi":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physbeh.2025.114882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Evolution has provided species with adaptive behavioural mechanisms that guarantee tight dietary protein regulation. However, an unsolved question is whether the well-established preference for protein-containing food manifested during states of protein restriction is innate or learned. Here, we tackled this problem by maintaining male rats on either a low-protein diet (4 % protein, protein-restricted) or a control diet (22 % protein, non-restricted) for 9–12 days, and then offered them two novel foods, a protein-containing solution (4 % casein) and a carbohydrate-containing solution (4 % maltodextrin) during a daily 60-minute free-choice test, repeated for 5 consecutive days. We assessed both the total and cumulative intake of each solution throughout each test, as well as the microstructure of licking behaviour as an index of the solutions’ palatability. In a second experiment, we exposed a different cohort of rats, before any behavioural test, to the same protein source (i.e., casein) that they would encounter during the free-choice tests, to assess whether familiarity with casein would drive subsequent casein intake even in non-restricted rats. We found that dietary protein restriction leads to a rapid preference (within 5 min of first exposure) for a casein-rich solution, and this preference is persistent over subsequent exposures. Increased palatability of protein during initial exposure correlated with protein preference in the restricted rats. Moreover, familiarity with casein did not lead to protein preference in non-restricted rats. This study demonstrates that, when in need of protein, protein preference is a rapid adaptation that requires minimal experience of protein.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20201,"journal":{"name":"Physiology & Behavior","volume":"295 ","pages":"Article 114882"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143739029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}