PLoS ONE最新文献

{"title":"Chemical composition and in vitro nutritional assessment of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) plant silage as a forage option for Murciano-Granadina goats.","authors":"Zaira Pardo, Juan Manuel Palma-Hidalgo, Alberto Manuel Sánchez-García, A Ignacio Martín-García","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323553","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323553","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is exerting significant negative impacts on various sectors, with livestock farming being particularly affected. One of the most pressing challenges in this context is the growing shortage in the availability of conventional fodder. This scarcity has intensified the search for alternative feed sources, with particular interest in underutilized resources often considered waste due to limited knowledge of their nutritional value. This study aimed to assess whether watermelon plant silage (WPS) could be used as a forage source in ruminants. The chemical composition of WPS and alfalfa hay (AH) was analyzed. Results showed similar protein content (21.1 vs. 18.9 g CP/100 g DM, respectively), with WPS exhibiting higher crude fat content (3.16 vs. 1.29 g/100 g DM) but lower hemicellulose (9.95 vs. 14.6 g/100 g DM) and cellulose (20.0 vs. 26.8 g/100 g DM) content compared to AH. In the first in vitro trial, WPS and AH were incubated independently to compare their fermentation behavior. WPS produced a higher concentration of short chain fatty acids (SCFA) (65.9 vs. 61.0 mM; P = 0.304), lower proportions of propionate (P = 0.001), and higher proportions of isobutyrate (P = 0.001). In a second in vitro trial, a formulated goat diet (commercial concentrate and AH in a 1:1 ratio) was used as a control to assess the impact of replacing 25% and 50% of AH with WPS. Trends towards higher value were observed in pH and CH4 concentration as AH was replaced by WPS. The study concluded that WPS could serve as a viable fodder to replace AH in conventional goat diets, simultaneously reducing agricultural waste and serving as a regenerative model for implementing circular economy strategies in affected agronomic sectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0323553"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101771/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of risk factors for supra-therapeutic vancomycin trough levels in ventilator-assisted critical care patients based on integrated modeling and multi-criteria decision analysis.","authors":"Xi Cao, Bi-Ting Zhu, Cai-Peng Xie, Jing-Yue Cai, Ding-Guo Dong, Miao-Ting Chen, Cheng-Zhao Huang, Yong-Chun Lin","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324510","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324510","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the risk factors influencing vancomycin trough concentration ([Formula: see text]) overexposure in critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation and rank the factors, the medical records of 194 mechanically ventilated critically ill patients hospitalized from 12/10/2021-06/10/2024 were analyzed. Among 194 critically ill patients, 77.83% were male and 22.17% were female. Univariate analysis showed that oxygenation index (OI), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), urea nitrogen (UN), septic shock, heart disease, congestive heart failure (CHF), moderate/severe chronic kidney disease (CKD), etc. were statistically different (P < 0.05). And APTT, OI, CHF and moderate/severe CKD were statistically different in multivariate logistic regression (P < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve constructed for APTT and OI was 0.7779 (95% CI [0.708,0.848], P < 0.001), with a sensitivity and specificity were 72.99% and 71.93%, respectively. The consistency index (CI) and consistency ratio (CR) of analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was 0.0796 and 0.0885, respectively, which meets the consistency test standard. The contributions of APTT, OI, CHF and moderate to severe CKD to the overexposure of [Formula: see text] were 0.0584, 0.1899, 0.1614 and 0.5902, respectively. The overexposure rates of [Formula: see text] in patients with moderate/severe CKD and CHF were 95.12% and 95.23%, respectively. With regard to OI, when the cutoff value of OI was less than 245, the [Formula: see text]overexposure rate was 83%, otherwise, the overexposure rate was 60.97%. The risk factors for excessive exposure of [Formula: see text] in critically ill patients with mechanical ventilation were ranked as follows: moderate/severe CKD > OI > CHF > APTT.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0324510"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shaping the future of medical education: A cross-sectional study on ChatGPT attitude and usage among medical students in Sudan.","authors":"Weam Mohamed Meargni Ahmed, Malaz M Abdalmotalib, Mohamed H Elbadawi, Galia Tajelsir Fadulelmula Mohammed, Waad Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed, Fatima Salih Babiker Mohammed, Hajar Saad Salih, Hiba Omer Yousif Mohamed","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324698","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324698","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing education globally, yet its adoption in medical education remains inadequately understood. ChatGPT, a generative AI tool, offers promising yet doubtful potential for enhancing academic and clinical training.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed an analytical cross-sectional design, involving 1,443 Sudanese medical students who participated through an online, structured questionnaire. The questionnaire was designed to assess ChatGPT awareness, usage, and associated factors. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software to identify key determinants influencing ChatGPT awareness and usage among the participants.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study investigates the levels of awareness, attitude, and usage of ChatGPT among Sudanese medical students, identifying key socio-demographic, economic, and institutional factors influencing its adoption.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the participants, 65.8% were aware of ChatGPT, yet only 41.9% reported using it. Gender differences were statistically significant, with males demonstrating higher usage rates (p < 0.001). Single and unemployed students were more likely to use ChatGPT compared to their counterparts. Students residing in private accommodations and those with higher family incomes (>300,000 SDGs) showed significantly greater usage (p < 0.001). Factors such as residency type, internet quality, and institutional orientation were identified as key influences on ChatGPT adoption, highlighting a substantial digital influence. Additionally, inadequate infrastructure and reliance on traditional curricula were significant barriers to wider usage.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions, including curriculum reform to integrate AI literacy, enhanced digital infrastructure, and gender-equity initiatives. Addressing these systemic gaps will scale up AI adoption in medical education. This study provides actionable insights for educators and policymakers, emphasizing the urgency of bridging socio-economic and institutional inequities to foster equitable access to AI tools in medical training.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0324698"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous approximation and GIS-enhanced design optimization of feeder bus networks along rail corridors.","authors":"Jiahe Liu, Rui Song","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0318616","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0318616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As urbanization accelerates, urban public transportation systems are tasked with meeting the growing demand for travel. According to statistics, the regional rail transit network currently handles 60% of the passenger volume for trips originating from around the stations, and this is projected to increase by over 20% within the next decade. However, the current feeder bus services suffer from insufficient coverage, leading to inconvenience for passengers and impacting the overall efficiency of the transportation system. To enhance the public transit service coverage along a rail transit corridor, this study designs feeder bus services to connect the rail stations. A theoretical trunk-feeder transit design problem is firstly solved to furnish the initial feeder bus line designs. The objective is to minimize total generalized system cost with respect to the density of feeder bus routes and their service frequencies. The idealized design of the optimal bus route density function is then discretized into specific locations and fine-tuned with Geographic Information System (GIS) tool. Considering local conditions like road network and demographic information, a four-step adjustment strategy is proposed to furnish the implementation-ready design of feeder bus services. Numerical results show the final design renders at least 3.5% saving in total system cost. This study illustrates how the state-of-the-art theories of transit design can be applied into practice and highlights the connection between theoretical studies and practical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0318616"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting eavesdropping nodes in the power Internet of Things based on Kolmogorov-Arnold networks.","authors":"Rong Wang, Weibin Jiang, Yanjin Shen, Qiqing Yue, Kan-Lin Hsiung","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321179","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0321179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rapid proliferation of the Power Internet of Things (PIoT) has given rise to severe network security threats, with eavesdropping attacks emerging as a paramount concern. Traditional eavesdropping detection methods struggle to adapt to complex and dynamic attack patterns, necessitating the exploration of more intelligent and efficient anomaly localization approaches. This paper proposes an innovative method for eavesdropping node localization based on Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs). Leveraging the powerful ability of KANs to approximate arbitrary nonlinear functions, this method constructs an end-to-end mapping from heterogeneous node features to eavesdropping locations through flexible combinations of spline functions. To address the challenges of real-world power grid environments, this paper designs optimization strategies such as adaptive grid refinement and hierarchical sparsity regularization, further enhancing the model's robustness and interpretability. Extensive simulations and experiments on real power grid data demonstrate that the proposed method significantly outperforms traditional machine learning and mainstream deep learning approaches in terms of localization accuracy, generalization ability, and computational efficiency. This paper provides new perspectives and tools for intelligent power grid information security in IoT environments, holding significant innovative value in both theory and practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0321179"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101650/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on phonemes recognition method for Mandarin pronunciation based on improved Zipformer-RNN-T(Pruned) modeling.","authors":"Zhaohui Du, Xiaofeng Zhao, Lin Li, Baohua Yu, Lijiang Miao","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324048","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, empowered by artificial intelligence technologies, computer-assisted language learning systems have gradually become a hot topic of research. Currently, the mainstream pronunciation assessment models rely on advanced speech recognition technology, converting speech into phoneme sequences, and then determining mispronounced phonemes through sequence comparison. To optimize the phoneme recognition task in pronunciation evaluation, this paper proposes a Chinese pronunciation phoneme recognition model based on the improved Zipformer-RNN-T(Pruned) architecture, aiming to improve recognition accuracy and reduce parameter count. First, the AISHELL1-PHONEME and ST-CMDS-PHONEME datasets for Mandarin phoneme recognition through data preprocessing. Then, three layers of the Zipformer Block architecture are introduced into the Zipformer encoder to significantly enhance model performance. In the stateless Pred Network, the GELU activation function is adopted to effectively prevent neuron deactivation. Furthermore, a hybrid Pruned RNN-T/CTC Loss fusion strategy is proposed, further optimizing recognition performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the method performs excellently in the phoneme recognition task, achieving a Word Error Rate (WER) of 1.92% (Dev) and 2.12% (Test) on the AISHELL1-PHONEME dataset, and 4.28% (Dev) and 4.51% (Test) on the ST-CMDS-PHONEME dataset. Moreover, the model requires only 61.1M parameters, striking a balance between performance and efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0324048"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of obesity interventions in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analyses.","authors":"Kingsley Agyemang, Shirley Crankson, Nana Anokye","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323717","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The escalating obesity epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa is a pressing regional concern. Despite this, there is scarce evidence of effective strategies to halt its upward trend in the region. We have, therefore, synthesised evidence on effective interventions to prevent and manage obesity in sub-Saharan Africa. We searched Scopus, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Medline for pertinent studies for this review. Studies were eligible if they focused on a sub-Saharan African country and assessed obesity/overweight with objective outcome measures. We examined their methodological quality with the Joanna Briggs Institute and the National Institutes of Health appraisal checklists. Publication bias was assessed with funnel plots. A meta-analysis with a random-effects model was fitted to explore the pooled effect of identified obesity interventions on anthropometric obesity measures. The heterogeneity of the studies was assessed using the I-square statistic. Our search yielded seven eligible studies for this review. Their quality ranged from moderate to high. The interventions identified included aerobic and resistance exercises, micronutrient supplementation and physical education. The meta-analysis revealed that aerobic and resistance training could significantly reduce obesity by approximately 34% (p = 0.04; 95%CI = -0.67 - -0.02). However, they do not significantly reduce waist circumference (Effect size = -1.14; 95%CI = -0.67-0.55; p = 0.19). Aerobic and resistance training exercises could be embedded in physical activity interventions to prevent and manage overweight and obesity in sub-Saharan Africa. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023430503.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0323717"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101849/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The accuracy of three-dimensional facial scan obtained from three different 3d scanners.","authors":"Nichakun Tangthaweesuk, Somchart Raocharernporn","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0322358","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0322358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to compare the accuracy (trueness and precision) and reproducibility of three 3D facial scanning systems: a laser scanner (Planmeca Proface), a dual-structured light scanner (EinScan H2), and a smartphone application (EM3D Scanner). Thirty subjects with skeletal deformities scheduled for orthognathic surgery were scanned using these systems, and the resulting 90 3D facial scans were compared with facial surfaces segmented from CBCT scans. Surface discrepancies were measured using root mean square (RMS) values across five facial aesthetic areas (cheeks, nasal, perioral, and mental units) through Geomagic Control X software. The EM3D Scanner showed significantly better trueness and precision compared to the EinScan H2, particularly for the overall face (p < 0.01). Planmeca Proface showed no significant difference from the other scanners in terms of error. The nasal and perioral regions, scanned with Planmeca Proface, achieved the highest accuracy compared to other areas, while the left cheek demonstrated the lowest accuracy. Up to 80% of the scanned areas were classified as reproducible, falling within acceptable tolerance limits. Overall, trueness values ranged from 0.70 to 0.85 mm, and precision ranged from 0.68 to 0.81 mm, with deviations of less than 1.0 mm deemed highly acceptable for clinical applications. Surface regions closer to the midline were found to have higher accuracy than those on the sides of the face. These findings highlight the potential of EM3D Scanner and Planmeca Proface for accurate and reliable facial scanning, particularly in clinical settings where minimal deviation is crucial.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0322358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101780/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the role of emotions in audiovisual associations through an enactive approach.","authors":"Costanza Cenerini, Luca Vollero, Nicola Di Stefano, Marco Santonico, Giorgio Pennazza, Flavio Keller","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0322449","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0322449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the expanding literature on audiovisual associations, the question of how music influences the way a person actively creates an image has received little attention. To address this gap, our study investigated the effect of music-induced emotions on several key parameters that define visual images. Following the hypothesis that creating an image while listening to emotionally evocative music would result in artwork emotionally coherent with the music, we designed a two-phase experiment. During the first phase, participants listened to ten original songs that were composed to evoke a broad range of emotions and were asked to create an image by manipulating both colour (i.e. Saturation, Brightness, Hue) and Geometric parameters (i.e., Shape, Dimension, Spatial Dispersion, and Numerosity). Participants were also required to describe the emotional responses evoked by the songs, assigning scores to a predefined set of nine musical emotions (Amazement, Solemnity, Tenderness, Nostalgia, Calmness, Power, Joyful Activation, Tension, and Sadness). In the second phase, participants viewed images with one parameter set at an extreme value while others remained at intermediate levels and were asked to describe the emotions elicited by the images. This approach enabled us to collect data on the associations between music and images, music and emotions, and images and emotions, thereby assessing whether paired audiovisual contents share the same emotional meaning. Findings reveal that sadness in music influences Brightness and Spatial Dispersion of objects in image creation. Sadness also influences Saturation. Surprisingly, amazement shared many similarities with sadness in terms of influenced parameters, namely Brightness and Dispersion, and was correlated with the colour green, typically evoking solemnity and tenderness. These findings shed novel light on the role of emotions in the mediation of audiovisual associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0322449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101654/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring a keystone species (Alosa pseudoharengus) with environmental effects: A comparison with direct capture and environmental DNA.","authors":"Matthew M Dougherty, Andrew MacDonald, Geneva York, David M Post","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324385","DOIUrl":"10.1371/journal.pone.0324385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Keystone species are important drivers of ecological processes. Their ecological importance makes them prime candidates for biological monitoring, both to preserve and restore their populations when facing decline, and to limit their spread as invasive species. To monitor species well requires cost and labor efficient methods that are capable of detecting the target species at low abundances. Traditional sampling methods, or methods of direct capture, can be labor intensive when trying to monitor large areas or species at low abundances. Another method, environmental DNA (eDNA), has emerged as a more cost and time efficient supplement to traditional monitoring methods. Environmental DNA techniques and strategies continue to be developed, but face limitations for some taxonomic groups within certain habitats. Here, we propose a novel method for monitoring keystone species: environmental effects sampling. Keystone species have large effects on their environment relative to their abundance. Measuring their environmental effects-or quantifiable changes in the biotic or abiotic environment due to organism-environment interactions-has potential as a low-effort and low-cost method for detecting keystone species. In this study, we compare the effectiveness of traditional sampling, eDNA methods, and environmental effects sampling as an alternative low cost and time efficient method for monitoring the presence and abundance of an ecologically important keystone species, the alewife, Alosa pseudoharengus, in freshwater lakes. The alewife is a zooplanktivorous fish managed as a species of conservation concern along coastal New England, USA, and an invasive or non-native species throughout the Laurentian Great Lakes watershed. We sampled lakes throughout Michigan and Connecticut from 2018-2020 and compared the three monitoring methods along four axes: alewife presence/absence, alewife abundance, financial cost, and time efficiency. Our results suggest that monitoring alewife with environmental effects is more accurate, more cost efficient, and more time efficient than purse seining and eDNA. Our environmental effects results also led to the discovery that two historically recognized alewife lakes no longer contained alewife, as confirmed by traditional sampling. However, environmental effects monitoring was only useful for determining alewife presence/absence, and was not reliable for determining alewife relative abundance. Environmental effects monitoring presents novel opportunities for efficiently and effectively monitoring keystone species such as alewife for the purpose of restoration or management.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 5","pages":"e0324385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12101637/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144132816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}