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{"title":"Minimum dietary diversity and its associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Senegal: Evidence from the demographic and health survey, 2023.","authors":"Enyew Getaneh Mekonen","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Children between the ages of 6 and 23 months should be provided a variety of foods to ensure that their nutrient needs are satisfied, according to World Health Organization guidelines for feeding children. In Senegal, lower dietary diversity and an inability to meet nutrient requirements raise the risk of anemia and other disorders caused by a lack of funds and resources, which are essential for consuming a nutrient-rich diet. The objective of this study was to assess minimum dietary diversity and its associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Senegal using the most recent demographic and health survey data (2023).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Senegal using data from the most recent continuous demographic and health survey, 2023. A total of 2,995 children aged 6-23 months were included in the study. Using STATA Version 14 software, the data were extracted, cleaned, and analyzed. A multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with meeting minimum dietary diversity. Finally, variables with a p-value less than 0.05 were declared statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the present study, the proportion of children aged 6-23 months who meet minimum dietary diversity in Senegal was 23.61% (95% CI: 22.12, 25.16). Factors like media exposure [AOR = 1.51; 95% CI (1.08, 2.13)], household wealth index [AOR = 1.84; 95% CI (1.24, 2.74)], ANC visits [AOR = 1.50; 95% CI (1.05, 2.13)], current breastfeeding status [AOR = 1.82; 95% CI (1.37, 2.43)], age of the child [AOR = 7.47; 95% CI (5.43, 10.3)], number of under-5 children in the household [AOR = 3.97; 95% CI (1.38, 11.4)], and community-level media exposure [AOR = 1.41; 95% CI (1.03, 1.93)] were significantly associated with meeting minimum dietary diversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly one in four children aged 6 to 23 months achieved minimum dietary diversity in Senegal. Children from mothers with media exposure, wealthier households, attending 4 + antenatal care visits, currently breastfeeding, older children, and no under-5 children in the household were associated with higher odds of meeting minimum dietary diversity. Therefore, improving media access, women's empowerment, enhancing antenatal care service utilization, encouraging continued breastfeeding, and giving prior attention to younger children aged 6-11 months and mothers who had under-five children in the household are strongly recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0332215"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-cultural investigation of the short version of the Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS-7) across five countries.","authors":"Rita Horváth, David C Watson, Lynn McCutcheon, Yohanes Budiarto, Róbert Urbán, Zsolt Demetrovics, Fransisca Iriani Roesmala Dewi, Reza Shabahang, Benyamin Mokhtari Chirani, Joshua L Williams, Carlota Cruces Serrano, Nancy G McCarley, Jonathan E Roberts, Mara S Aruguete, James D Griffith, Jeanne Edman, Thomas Green, Ho Phi Huynh, Blaine L Browne, Bethany Jurs, Emilia Flint, Michael J Bernstein, Hyeyeon Hwang, Marc Eric S Reyes, Ágnes Zsila","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0331696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0331696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Celebrity worship, conceptualized as an obsessive admiration of celebrities, has generated considerable research interest over the past two decades. Admiration towards a favorite celebrity has been commonly assessed by the 23-item Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS). Recently, a 7-item short version (CAS-7) was developed on a representative sample of Hungarian adults. This study aimed to provide further evidence for the validity and reliability of the CAS-7 measure by extending the investigation of its factor structure to other cultures and populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 4,353 participants (64.4% women, Mage = 28.22 years, SD = 11.80, age range: 14-93 years) across five countries (Canada, Hungary, Indonesia, Iran, US) were used, which was collected through online questionnaires.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Consistent with previous findings, the bifactor structure with celebrity worship as a general factor and entertainment-social and intense-pathological specific factors showed the best fit in all samples. Reliability indices for the celebrity worship general factor were good.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present findings confirmed the reliability and the consistency of the factor structure of the CAS-7 across different samples, providing further evidence for the applicability of the CAS-7 in different cultures.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0331696"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: The prognostic impact of monocyte fluorescence, immunosuppressive monocytes and peripheral blood immune cell numbers in HIV-associated Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma.","authors":"Jenifer Vaughan, Moosa Patel, Denise Lawrie, Merriam Machaba, Tracey Wiggill","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0331945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0331945","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280044.].</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0331945"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and risk factors of intestinal protozoal infections among patients in Malaysia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Nor Shazlina Mizan, Seok Mui Wang, Hasnah Ma'amor, Hassanain Al-Talib","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332218","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Backgrounds: &lt;/strong&gt;Intestinal protozoan infections (IPI), including Entamoeba spp., Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium spp., are common in diarrhoea patients in Malaysia. These parasites are primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water sources and pose a significant public health concern. Entamoeba spp., causes amoebiasis, which is characterised by severe diarrhoea with bloody stools, while Giardia spp., causes giardiasis, which is characterised by watery diarrhoea, abdominal pain and flatulence. Cryptosporidium spp. causes cryptosporidiosis, which is particularly severe in immunocompromised individuals. Despite efforts to improve water quality, sanitation, hygiene, and surveillance, limited epidemiological data prevent a clear understanding of the prevalence of intestinal protozoa and response to treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate prevalence, identify risk factors, and evaluate detection methods.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A comprehensive literature search was carried out in the following databases: Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, PubMed and Cochrane Library. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidance. Based on the random effects model, results were reported as proportions with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Subgroup analyses were performed based on detection methods, target populations and regions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 103 articles were found on the prevalence and risk factors of IPI in Malaysia. After removing duplicates and screening for eligibility, 49 studies were included in this meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of IPI in Malaysia was 24% (95% CI: 0.17.0, 0.29). with I2 = 98.94%, (P &lt; 0.001). Among the identified protozoa, Entamoeba spp. had the highest prevalence at 18% (95% CI: 0.12, 0.24), followed by G. lamblia at 11% (95% CI: 0.08, 0.14) and Cryptosporidium spp. at 9% (95% CI: 0.03, 0.14). A subgroup analysis revealed that Kelantan and Perak state have the highest prevalence of 39% and 29% while Selangor and Kuala Lumpur reported the lowest (13.6%). The highest prevalence was observed in the indigenous communities (27%), followed by the local communities that mainly comes from rural area (23%). According to a meta-analysis of ten risk factors, the pooled prevalence of protozoal intestinal infections was significantly higher (between 38% and 52%) in children under 15 years of age, in males, in those with low income or no formal education, and in those exposed to untreated water, poor sanitation or unhygienic practises. A high level of heterogeneity was observed (I2 &gt; 98%), reflecting substantial variability across the included studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This review provides valuable insights into the epidemiology of protozoal intestinal infections in Malaysia. The high pooled prevalence of 24% underscores a substantial and ","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0332218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating tree biomass estimation in trans-Atlantic mangrove species: Comparing bole diameter measurements for improved accuracy.","authors":"Charles A Price, Todd A Schroeder, Benjamin Branoff, Humfredo Marcano-Vega, Nicole Pillot-Torres, Morgan Chaudry, Michael Ross, Monica Papeș, Skip Van Bloem","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0323926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0323926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estimating the biomass of terrestrial forests generally, and mangrove forests in particular, is an area of considerable interest. Most approaches rely on empirically derived allometric models to predict tree biomass. The single parameter with the strongest predictive ability in most studies is diameter at breast height (DBH); however the use of DBH arose primarily out of convenience, not from an analysis of tree form. While DBH explains a lot of variability in other tree metrics such as height or above ground biomass, its utility in smaller species is uncertain. Here we used measurements from 302 destructively sampled mangrove trees of four species to test which of three bole diameter measurements, basal stem diameter (BSD), diameter at 30 cm (D30), and DBH, is the best predictor of aboveground biomass. D30 had the highest mean coefficient of determination (R2) and lowest mean root mean squared error (RMSE) across all site/species combinations. However, the improvement over DBH was modest, with a mean across all site/species combinations of 1.58 kg RMSE and R2 of 0.948 for D30, compared to 1.63 kg RMSE and R2 of 0.917 for DBH. Nevertheless, D30 may have utility in future studies as it allows for lower size thresholds and has better overall explanatory power than DBH.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0323926"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial disparities in zero-dose vaccination coverage for children aged 12-23 months in Ethiopia: A geographically weighted regression analysis.","authors":"Berhanu Fikadie Endehabtu, Kassahun Alemu, Shegaw Angaw Mengiste, Mesert Zelalem, Monika Knudsen Gullslett, Biniyam Tilahun","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332162","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Though Ethiopia has made significant progress in childhood vaccination, many children remain unvaccinated, making it the third largest contributor to the global burden of zero-dose children. Zero-dose children are those who doesn't receive the first dose of diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis containing vaccine. Identifying geographic inequities of zero-dose prevalence and the factors influencing it could help to effectively reach and identify at-risk children and to design tailored intervention.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the geographical inequities and predicting factors of zero-dose children aged 12-23 month in Ethiopia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a population-based survey data. A total of 6,212 children aged 12-23 were included. The spatial autocorrelation was employed to examine geographic variations in zero-dose children. Getis-Ord Gi* statistics was used for hotspot analyses. A Kriging interpolation technique used to estimate values of zero-dose at unmeasured locations based on known values of zero-dose at observed locations. The Geographic Weighted Regression (GWR) analysis was used to elicit determinants of geographic difference in zero-dose children. Adjusted R2 and Akaike Information Criteria (AICc) were used to compare the models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of zero-dose children was 24.8% [CI: 23.7%-25.8%] ranged from 0.9% in Addis Ababa to 40.7% in Somali region. The zero-dose prevalence varied across the study area (Moran's I = 0.193; P-value<0.0001). Significantly higher proportions of zero doses (hotspot areas) were identified in the north and south Somali, northwest Afar, East Amhara, and southern Oromia regions. GWR analysis showed that no ANC utilization, no TT/Td vaccination, poor perceptions on immunization, and far distance to healthcare facilities contributed to these geographic variations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that the prevalence of Zero-dose is unacceptably high, with geographic inequities varying across the country. Factors such as ANC utilization, TT/Td vaccination, perceptions of immunization, and distance to healthcare facilities contributed to these geographic differences. This underscores the importance of designing and implementing tailored interventions to identify and reach zero-dose children. Such an approach could help achieve the national and global immunization goal of leaving no one behind by providing equitable access to immunization.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0332162"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Method validation and measurement uncertainty estimation of pesticide residues in Okra by GC/HPLC.","authors":"Anjana Srivastava, Shishir Tandon, Gajanpal Singh, Shruti Pathak","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0330736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reliability and accuracy of an analytical method is ensured by method validation technique. The present study was aimed to optimize and validate a rapid, reliable and accurate method for quantitatively determining pesticide residues of a diverse group in okra matrix. All method performance characteristics pertaining to method validation was tested. Three different pesticides viz. Thiamethoxam, Ethion, and lambda Cyhalothrin of diverse chemical classes which are applied on okra cultivation and have high MRLs as per FSSAI, were selected. Okra available in local market is often laced with these pesticides. The higher concentrations of pesticide residues in okra can be severely toxic to consumers. Thus validation of method that is simple and cost effective and can give accurate results is desirable for monitoring of these pesticides in okra. Hence a method was validated for analysis of Thiamethoxam, Ethion, and lambda Cyhalothrinby HPLC/GC. Pesticide residues fromokra samples were extracted using modifiedQuEChERs method, followed by injection into GC/HPLC. The validated method demonstrated suitable specificity, linearity, recovery etc.The calibration curves were linear for all the threepesticides with a regression coefficient, r2 > 0.99. Matrix effect observed for all three pesticides in okra, fell within the range of ±20%. All pesticides were quantified successfully at a concentration of 0.30 mg/kg with an average recovery of more than 70% and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 20%. The procedure was simple, rapid, cost effective and depicted high accuracy. The greenness of the method evaluated on Agro Eco Scale was satisfactory. Theestimation of uncertainties based on the validation data, werefound to be below the default limit of 50%. The quality control (QC) charts based on the basis of intra-laboratory performance were prepared at LOQ of pesticides to ensure the validity and accuracy of laboratory test results.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0330736"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Dolichos lablab compounds as potential inhibitors for fusion (F) protein of human metapneumovirus (HMPV): A systematic computational approach.","authors":"Md Mainuddin Hossain, Md Jahid Hasan Apu, Md Faisal Bin Abdul Aziz, Md Tanzimur Rahman Tanjil, Liton Chandra Das, Antora Kar, Fatematuz Zuhura Evamoni, Md Mahbub Morshed","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the most crucial respiratory pathogens in the world, namely human metapneumovirus (HMPV), causes acute upper and lower respiratory tract infection. The HMPV Fusion (F) protein is a vital element for viral entry and is the sole target of neutralizing antibodies, making it a prime target for drug and vaccine development. Targeting the Fusion (F) protein of HMPV for inhibition has emerged as a potential therapeutic strategy, particularly in respiratory infection treatment. We aimed to identify potential inhibitors against HMPV F protein by molecular docking and molecular dynamics study. Through molecular docking, we were able to identify 16 lead compounds derived from Dolichos lablab (DL). These compounds exhibited robust binding affinities with the HMPV F protein, with better docking scores compared to the ribavirin inhibitor as a control with a -6.7 kcal/mol docking score. Among these top-ranked compounds, Brassinolide (CID_115196), Quercetin (CID_5280343), and 2'-Hydroxygenistein (CID_5282074) demonstrated favorable molecular, pharmacokinetics, and drug-like properties, promising biological activities, and acceptable toxicity profiles. Furthermore, Brassinolide, Quercetin, and 2'-Hydroxygenistein were found to be promising drug inhibitors with the greatest binding stability against the HMPV F protein compared to the ribavirin inhibitor, which is validated by the highest protein-ligand interactions and lowest Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD), Root Mean Square Fluctuation (RMSF), and Radius of Gyration (Rg) values using 100 ns molecular dynamic simulation. Our study provides valuable insights into the therapeutic potential of DL compounds as potential or hypothetical inhibitors for HMPV F protein having three promising candidates- Brassinolide, Quercetin, and 2'-Hydroxygenistein. These results warrant further validation through detailed in vitro and in vivo investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0332170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating the population size of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in four major provinces in Canada: A descriptive study using data from a population-based survey.","authors":"Felipe Tavares Duailibe, David Moore, Mark Hull, Viviane D Lima","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0330853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0330853","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Estimating the size of key populations is critical for effective research and policy development. We estimated the population size of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBM) based on different definitions and compared the demographic composition of the GBM and non-GBM populations in Canada.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This descriptive study used data from the 2015-2016 and 2019-2020 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) cycles. We selected men aged 18-64 years who had valid responses to the sexual identity and sexual behaviour contents. We explored different combinations of the survey questions to estimate the size of the GBM population in Canada and conducted a separate analysis for Canada's four most populous provinces, comparing sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a definition of GBM combining sexual identity and behaviour (i.e., men who identify as gay or bisexual or who had sex with men in the last 12 months), the weighted proportion of GBM in the 2015-2016 cycle was 2.7% (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.9%-3.4%) in Alberta, 3.5% (95% CI 2.7%-4.4%) in British Columbia, 4.1% (95% CI 3.2%-4.9%) in Ontario, and 4.8% (95% CI 4.0%-5.7%) in Quebec. In the 2019-2020 cycle, the weighted proportion of GBM (i.e., men who identify as gay, bisexual or pansexual, or who had sex with men in the last 12 months) was 4.4% (95% CI 3.3%-5.4%) in British Columbia and 4.7% (95% CI 3.9%-5.4%) in Ontario. Overall, compared to non-GBM, GBM were more likely to be single/never married, have an annual household income of less than $30,000, live in medium and large population centres and have lower mean age.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our estimates showed sexual orientation discordance in Canada. Our findings also suggested that the GBM population might be increasing over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0330853"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The diagnostic value of decreased levels of inflammatory markers for the state of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection.","authors":"Lu Han, Lei Bi, Xinpeng Li","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0332105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0332105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Blood-cell-based inflammatory biomarkers are increasingly recognized for their diagnostic value in infections due to their clinical accessibility. With Hepatitis C virus (HCV) incidence rising and its often asymptomatic onset, this study aims to improve diagnostic evidence for HCV by analyzing changes in these biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Utilizing NHANES database, we employed binary logistic regression and generalized additive models to explore the relationship between systemic inflammatory index and HCV infection. Three adjusted models controlled for confounders, and subgroup analyses were stratified by age, gender, race, and BMI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in PLR (103.24 ± 44.59), SII (455.23 ± 339.56), PNR (58.22 ± 32.20), PMR (366.85 ± 191.76), and NMR (7.03 ± 3.78) between infected and uninfected groups (P < 0.05). Adjusted analyses revealed associations between anti-HCV and Log2-PLR (OR = 0.58), Log2-SII (OR = 0.64), Log2-PMR (OR = 0.77), and Log2-NMR (OR = 0.79). Individuals under 30 showed no significant differences. A unit increase below 9.30 in Log2-PMR reduced HCV risk by 0.60-fold. PMR demonstrated an AUC of 0.648, specificity 0.7632, and sensitivity 0.4709.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In individuals aged 30 and above, inflammatory markers PLR, SII, PMR, and NMR decrease in HCV cases. Variability across races, genders, and BMI groups highlights their diagnostic utility in diverse populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20189,"journal":{"name":"PLoS ONE","volume":"20 9","pages":"e0332105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145041252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}