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Transcriptional landscape illustrates the diversified adaptation of medicinal plants to multifactorial stress combinations linked with high altitude. 转录景观说明了药用植物对与高海拔有关的多因子胁迫组合的多样化适应。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04686-1
Manglesh Kumari, Prakash Kumar, Vishal Saini, Rohit Joshi, Ravi Shankar, Rajiv Kumar
{"title":"Transcriptional landscape illustrates the diversified adaptation of medicinal plants to multifactorial stress combinations linked with high altitude.","authors":"Manglesh Kumari, Prakash Kumar, Vishal Saini, Rohit Joshi, Ravi Shankar, Rajiv Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04686-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04686-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>This study at high-altitude alpine environment reveals the molecular signatures associated with stress response and secondary metabolite accumulation, contributing to Picrorhiza kurroa adaptation, which is primarily regulated by a strong interplay of phytohormones. The high-altitude alpine environment is an extreme and variable environment with unique combinations of abiotic/biotic stresses. Despite progress about plant response to individual and combined abiotic stress in controlled conditions, our knowledge of plant adaptations to multifactorial stress combinations that typically occur in alpine environments is limiting. Here, we utilized the high-altitude medicinal herb Picrorhiza kurroa to investigate how multifactorial stress combinations prevailing along the high-altitude gradient at the western Himalayas affect gene expression and cellular pathways. Leaf transcriptional dynamics identified 7,388 differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs), highlighting unique gene expression patterns, specific pathways, and processes that play a crucial role in plant response to the complex micro-environment of high-altitude. Gene regulatory response largely relies on basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH), no apical meristem (NAC), and ethylene responsive factor (ERF) transcription factor families. Further, unigenes associated with secondary metabolism, multiple abiotic/biotic stress responses, and a variety of cellular and reproductive developmental processes were activated through complex cross-talk among plant hormonal signal transduction pathways. The weak correlation between gene expression and corresponding protein accumulation could predict stress-responsive protein abundance largely under different post-transcriptional/translational regulation. These findings recognize an array of new candidate genes for climate resilience, which would contribute to further our research on high-altitude alpine plant adaptations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in using non-thermal plasmas for healthier crop production: toward pesticide and chemical fertilizer-free agriculture. 利用非热等离子体促进作物健康生产的进展:迈向无农药和化肥农业。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04682-5
Priti Pal, Hansa Sehgal, Mukul Joshi, Garima Arora, Milan Simek, Ram Prakash Lamba, Shivendra Maurya, Udit Narayan Pal
{"title":"Advances in using non-thermal plasmas for healthier crop production: toward pesticide and chemical fertilizer-free agriculture.","authors":"Priti Pal, Hansa Sehgal, Mukul Joshi, Garima Arora, Milan Simek, Ram Prakash Lamba, Shivendra Maurya, Udit Narayan Pal","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04682-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04682-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>There is an urgent need for sustainable agriculture. Non-thermal plasma seed treatment offers a promising alternative by enhancing germination, nutrient uptake, and disease resistance, and reducing reliance on pesticides and fertilizers. There is an urgent need to transform agricultural practices to meet the challenges of sustainable food production amidst global population growth and environmental degradation. Traditional crop production methods heavily rely on pesticides and synthetic fertilizers, which pose significant risks to human health, disrupt ecosystems, and contribute to environmental pollution. Moreover, these methods are increasingly unsustainable due to rising costs and diminishing effectiveness, evolving pest resistance, and climate change impacts. Recently, non-thermal plasma (NTP) technology has emerged as a promising alternative for seed treatment in agriculture. NTP uses low-temperature plasma to modify seed surfaces, enhancing germination, vigor, and overall plant growth. Studies have demonstrated that NTP treatment improves nutrient uptake, increases disease resistance, and reduces the reliance on chemical inputs (pesticides and fertilizers), thereby promoting pesticide and chemical fertilizer-free agriculture. This paper explores recent research advancements in NTP seed treatment and its potential applications in sustainable agriculture. By exploring the mechanisms underlying the NTP effects on seed physiology, the paper provides a comprehensive understanding of how this technology can contribute to sustainable crop production. Furthermore, the paper discusses the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges associated with the potential large-scale use of low-temperature plasmas in agriculture, aiming to accelerate the adoption of NTP and its commercialization in the agro-food industries. Overall, the goal of this paper is to highlight the transformative potential of NTP seed treatment in achieving healthier crop production that is environmentally friendly, economically viable, and capable of meeting the food demands of a growing global population.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144050144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hormonal crosstalk during the reproductive stage of Coffea arabica: interactions among gibberellin, abscisic acid, and ethylene. 阿拉比卡咖啡生殖阶段的激素串扰:赤霉素、脱落酸和乙烯之间的相互作用。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04679-0
Lillian Magalhães Azevedo, Raphael Ricon de Oliveira, Gabriel Lasmar Dos Reis, Gabriel de Campos Rume, Joyce Pereira Alvarenga, Robert Márquez Gutiérrez, Júlia de Carvalho Costa, Antonio Chalfun-Junior
{"title":"Hormonal crosstalk during the reproductive stage of Coffea arabica: interactions among gibberellin, abscisic acid, and ethylene.","authors":"Lillian Magalhães Azevedo, Raphael Ricon de Oliveira, Gabriel Lasmar Dos Reis, Gabriel de Campos Rume, Joyce Pereira Alvarenga, Robert Márquez Gutiérrez, Júlia de Carvalho Costa, Antonio Chalfun-Junior","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04679-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04679-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The application of gibberellin and abscisic acid in coffee plants resulted in increased floral bud formation and fruit production by regulating key genes involved in flowering and hormonal biosynthesis pathways. Despite ongoing efforts, understanding hormonal regulation in perennial and woody species with complex phenological cycles, such as Coffea arabica L., remains limited. Given the global importance of coffee, identifying the main regulators of reproductive development is crucial to guarantee production, especially in face of climate change. This study investigated the effects of gibberellin (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) at different concentrations (5, 25 and 100 ppm) in the reproductive development of C. arabica. Phenological analyses, molecular identification of genes involved in GA and ABA biosynthesis, degradation, and signaling, as well as gene expression profiling in leaves and floral buds during floral induction and development, were conducted. Promoter analysis of CaFT, quantification of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC), enzymatic activity of ACC oxidase (ACO), and ethylene content were also assessed. Results showed that GA irrespective of concentration and ABA at 25 ppm applied during the main period of floral induction (March) significantly increased the number of floral buds, with ABA also accelerating the development. Similarly, applying these regulators in plants with floral buds at more advanced stages (August) increased the number of floral buds and fruit production in the GA (5 and 100 ppm) and ABA (25 and 100 ppm) treatments. Phylogenetic and molecular analyses identified genes related to GA and ABA biosynthesis, degradation, and signaling in coffee plants. GA and ABA treatments affected the expression of genes related to floral induction and organ formation, such as CaDELLA in March, which may relate to the increased number of floral buds. Moreover, in August, plants treated with 5 and 100 ppm GA and 100 ppm ABA showed up-regulation of CaFT1 expression, likely due to the down-regulation of CaCO during this period. In addition to GA-ABA interactions, our results suggest that GA promotes ACC accumulation in leaves in August, which may act as a mobile signal transported to floral buds, where its conversion to ethylene could regulate anthesis, highlighting a GA-ACC-ethylene interaction in coffee flowering. However, no significant differences in ethylene biosynthesis were observed in March with the application of these hormones, underscoring the incipient role of ethylene during floral induction in coffee. These results suggest reciprocal regulation of floral development by GA-ABA pathways in a dose-dependent manner and interacting with other hormonal pathways such as the ethylene biosynthesis in leaves and floral buds. These findings provide new insights into the hormonal regulation of coffee flowering, guiding field practices and breeding programs to maximize coffee production.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synergistic effect of nutrient starvation and abscisic acid on growth and starch accumulation in duckweed. 营养饥饿和脱落酸对浮萍生长和淀粉积累的协同效应。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04689-y
Qin Cao, Yue-Qi Zhang, Ai-Juan Tan, Zhu Li, Gui-Li Yang
{"title":"Synergistic effect of nutrient starvation and abscisic acid on growth and starch accumulation in duckweed.","authors":"Qin Cao, Yue-Qi Zhang, Ai-Juan Tan, Zhu Li, Gui-Li Yang","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04689-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04689-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Nutrient starvation and ABA promote starch accumulation in duckweed fronds and turions, enhancing ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity and starch grain size. Duckweed has excellent development potential due to its fast growth, high starch content, and low cellulose content. Nutrient starvation or abscisic acid (ABA) are known to affect growth and starch accumulation in duckweed. However, the joint effects of nutrient starvation and ABA on growth and starch accumulation in duckweed remain unknown. This study analyzed the response of duckweed (Spirodela polyrhiza) to nutrient starvation and ABA and the synergistic treatment of the two to examine the growth and starch accumulation of duckweed. Nutrient starvation and ABA can promote starch accumulation in both the frond and turion of duckweed as a result of the key enzyme ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity that was significantly increased in the starch synthesis pathway of duckweed. Nutrient starvation and ABA can induce the formation of turions with high starch content, which reached up to 38.3 ± 1.9% (dry weight). Further studies on the ultrastructure of the frond and dormant cell of duckweed found that nutrient starvation and ABA increased the number and size of starch grains in duckweed fronds and dormant cells. These results will provide a theoretical basis for duckweed and its turions as a potential renewable energy crop.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"108"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Firmiana danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis (Malvaceae), two endangered Firmiana species in China. 中国两种濒危Firmiana danxiaensis和F. kwangsiensis (malvacae)线粒体全基因组的比较分析。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-09 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04685-2
Qifeng Lu, Wenhua Luo
{"title":"Comparative analysis of the complete mitochondrial genomes of Firmiana danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis (Malvaceae), two endangered Firmiana species in China.","authors":"Qifeng Lu, Wenhua Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04685-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-025-04685-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>We reported the mitogenomes of F. danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis for the first time. Mitogenome size and structure differ significantly between them. Firmiana danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis belong to the Firmiana genus and are distributed in the Danxia and Karst regions of southern China. Both species have been designated as endangered. Currently, the chloroplast genomes of F. danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis have been sequenced, but the mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) of these two species has not been reported. To further understand the mitogenome characteristics, evolution, and phylogeny of F. danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis, we assembled the mitogenomes of these two species based on a combination of Illumina and Nanopore sequencing methods. The mitogenome of F. danxiaensis exhibits a branching structure consisting of nine circular molecules with a total length of 938,890 bp, while the F. kwangsiensis has a circular structure with a length of 736,334 bp. Compared to F. kwangsiensis, F. danxiaensis has more tRNA genes, SSRs, tandem repeats, and dispersed repeats, while the codon use patterns are similar in these two species. There were 24 and 23 homologous sequences between mitogenome and chloroplast genome of F. danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis, accounting for 0.37% and 0.49% of the mitogenome, respectively. In addition, the Ka/Ks ratio and the nucleic acid diversity analysis revealed that most of the mitochondria protein-coding genes in F. danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis are highly conserved and may have undergone purifying selection. Furthermore, the collinear and comparative analysis showed that extensive genomic rearrangement events existed among the Malvaceae species. Lastly, a phylogenetic tree based on shared mitochondrial PCGs of 29 species revealed that F. danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis form a sister group with high support values. Overall, the current study reports two mitogenomes (F. danxiaensis and F. kwangsiensis) in the Firmiana genus for the first time, which will help enhance comprehension of the mitogenome evolutionary patterns within Firmiana and promote the evolutionary and comparative genomic analyses within Malvaceae species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The invisible cytomixis: how a cytological phenomenon can be misinterpreted or totally overlooked. 看不见的细胞混杂:细胞学现象如何被曲解或完全忽视。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04681-6
Sergey Mursalimov, Elena Deineko
{"title":"The invisible cytomixis: how a cytological phenomenon can be misinterpreted or totally overlooked.","authors":"Sergey Mursalimov, Elena Deineko","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04681-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04681-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>This review discusses how technical limitations of microscopic techniques as well as cognitive distortions of researchers hinder progress in the study of the phenomenon of cytomixis. The key element of any cytological work remains the interpretation of obtained data. Owing to technical limitations, cognitive distortions, and limited knowledge of the object under study, distorted or false conclusions can be made. One prominent example of such distorted perception in plant meiosis studies is the phenomenon of cytomixis: migration of nuclei between male meiocytes. In this review, we discuss cases from published articles where cytomixis has been misinterpreted because of limitations of the microscopic techniques used. Furthermore, we highlight papers where intercellular nuclear migration has been repeatedly documented but also repeatedly overlooked. This \"learning from mistakes\" approach may help researchers in the field to view their data from different perspectives and to find additional possible interpretations of an observed cytological picture.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Retraction Note: Differential transcriptional regulation of banana sucrose phosphate synthase gene in response to ethylene, auxin, wounding, low temperature and different photoperiods during fruit ripening and functional analysis of banana SPS gene promoter. 摘要:香蕉蔗糖磷酸合酶基因在果实成熟过程中对乙烯、生长素、损伤、低温和不同光周期的差异转录调控及香蕉SPS基因启动子的功能分析。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-07 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04687-0
Swarup Roy Choudhury, Sujit Roy, Ranjan Das, Dibyendu N Sengupta
{"title":"Retraction Note: Differential transcriptional regulation of banana sucrose phosphate synthase gene in response to ethylene, auxin, wounding, low temperature and different photoperiods during fruit ripening and functional analysis of banana SPS gene promoter.","authors":"Swarup Roy Choudhury, Sujit Roy, Ranjan Das, Dibyendu N Sengupta","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04687-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04687-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143803988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Modeling budbreak precocity in grapevine: insights from comparative gene expression analysis in single-node cuttings. 葡萄藤芽性早熟的建模:来自单节扦插比较基因表达分析的见解。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-05 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04677-2
Valeria De Rosa, Emanuele De Paoli, Alessio Angeli, Vittoria Ganzini, Giannina Vizzotto, Rachele Falchi
{"title":"Modeling budbreak precocity in grapevine: insights from comparative gene expression analysis in single-node cuttings.","authors":"Valeria De Rosa, Emanuele De Paoli, Alessio Angeli, Vittoria Ganzini, Giannina Vizzotto, Rachele Falchi","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04677-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04677-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Single-node cuttings are an effective tool for the study of grapevine's budbreak timing and cultivar-specific regulation of shared molecular/physiological processes, ABA and VviFT key role. Global warming is known to accelerate buds' phenological development and increase spring frost damage risk in several areas of the world. All studies in this area involve monitoring this intricate process, which is in the field time-consuming and challenging due to the considerable influence of environmental factors. This work explores the possibility of studying dormancy in grapevine by means of single-node cuttings of early- and late-bud break model cultivars Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon. Both visual phenotyping and differential thermal analysis confirmed the expected different pace of dormancy release in the two varieties. In addition, specific Gene Ontology (GO) categories with similar but shifted expression patterns between early-bud break Chardonnay and late-budbreak Cabernet Sauvignon have been identified, suggesting cultivar-specific regulation of shared molecular processes. Notably, the VviFT gene aligns with this timing shift, indicating its potential role in budbreak. We further confirm the importance of ABA inhibition in growth resumption and identify genes like VviSVP2 and VviDRM1 as possible dormancy release repressors. Our study enhances the understanding of the molecular network underpinning dormancy in grapevine buds and provides a robust framework for future research in this area.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11972195/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143788777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genetic responses of plants to urban environmental challenges. 植物对城市环境挑战的遗传响应。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04678-1
Angela Carfora, Francesca Lucibelli, Paola Di Lillo, Sarah Maria Mazzucchiello, Giuseppe Saccone, Marco Salvemini, Marianna Varone, Gennaro Volpe, Serena Aceto
{"title":"Genetic responses of plants to urban environmental challenges.","authors":"Angela Carfora, Francesca Lucibelli, Paola Di Lillo, Sarah Maria Mazzucchiello, Giuseppe Saccone, Marco Salvemini, Marianna Varone, Gennaro Volpe, Serena Aceto","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04678-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04678-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>This review aims to describe the main genetic adaptations of plants to abiotic and biotic stressors in urban landscapes through modulation of gene expression and genotypic changes. Urbanization deeply impacts biodiversity through ecosystem alteration and habitat fragmentation, creating novel environmental challenges for plant species. Plants have evolved cellular, molecular, and biochemical strategies to cope with the diverse biotic and abiotic stresses associated with urbanization. However, many of these defense and resistance mechanisms remain poorly understood. Addressing these knowledge gaps is crucial for advancing our understanding of urban biodiversity and elucidating the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of species in urban landscapes. As sessile organisms, plants depend heavily on modifications in gene expression as a rapid and efficient strategy to survive urban stressors. At the same time, the urban environment pressures induced plant species to evolve genotypic adaptations that enhance their survival and growth in these contexts. This review explores the different genetic responses of plants to urbanization. We focus on key abiotic challenges, such as air pollution, elevated CO<sub>2</sub> levels, heavy metal contamination, heat and drought stress, salinity, and biotic stresses caused by herbivorous insects. By examining these genetic mechanisms induced by urban stressors, we aim to analyze the molecular pathways and genetic patterns underlying the adaptation of plant species to urban environments. This knowledge is a valuable tool for enhancing the selection and propagation of adaptive traits in plant populations, supporting species conservation efforts, and promoting urban biodiversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genome-wide insights into the nomenclature, evolution and expression of tobacco TIFY/JAZ genes. 对烟草 TIFY/JAZ 基因的命名、进化和表达的全基因组洞察。
IF 3.6 3区 生物学
Planta Pub Date : 2025-04-04 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-025-04676-3
Fuzhu Ju, Jiahao Wang, Ke Xu, Qing Xu, Xiaofeng Liu, Tian Tian, Zaifeng Du, Jialin Wang, Zhihua Liao, Bingwu Wang, Hongbo Zhang
{"title":"Genome-wide insights into the nomenclature, evolution and expression of tobacco TIFY/JAZ genes.","authors":"Fuzhu Ju, Jiahao Wang, Ke Xu, Qing Xu, Xiaofeng Liu, Tian Tian, Zaifeng Du, Jialin Wang, Zhihua Liao, Bingwu Wang, Hongbo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04676-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04676-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>A systematic nomenclature for tobacco TIFY/JAZ proteins was established via genome-wide analysis, and the gene transcription patterns and potential functions of these proteins were analyzed as well. Intensive studies focused on the plant-specific JAZ regulators of jasmonate (JA) signaling in tobacco due to their critical roles in regulating JA-mediated development, secondary metabolism, and stress responses. JAZs comprise a subfamily of the TIFY proteins, yet the reported TIFY/JAZ regulators of tobacco spp. are tangled in naming confusion, which resulted in nomenclature chaos. Here, we identified 32 TIFY/JAZ proteins via genome-wide analysis of tobacco cultivar TN90 and obtained their homologues in Nicotiana sylvestris and Nicotiana tomentosiformis. By bioinformatic analysis, these TIFY/JAZ regulators were classified into 4 subfamilies (i.e., 21 JAZs, 5 ZIM & ZMLs, 2 TIFY8s, and 4 PPDs) based on their phylogenetic relationship to establish a systematic nomenclature, which indicated gene loss or genomic rearrangement during the formation of common tobacco. Analysis of JA-induced expression revealed that these TIFY/JAZ genes displayed distinct expression patterns in the leaves and roots upon JA treatment. Further microarray and metabolomics assays observed that 5 TIFY/JAZ genes were differentially expressed in the plants with dysfunction of COI1, the receptor protein of JA hormone and that the abundance of a series of primary and secondary metabolites was altered as well. A predicted protein interaction network of tobacco TIFY/JAZ proteins was also constructed, and it indicated that 120 proteins may interact with these regulators. Findings of this work provide valuable information about TIFY/JAZ proteins in regulating JA responses and metabolic processes in tobacco and may contribute greatly to future studies on tobacco TIFY/JAZ proteins.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 5","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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