Planta最新文献

{"title":"Beyond the surface: the plant secretome as a bridge between the cell and its environment.","authors":"Ana O Quintana-Escobar, Hugo A Méndez-Hernández, Clelia De-la-Peña, Víctor M Loyola-Vargas","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04648-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04648-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusions: </strong>We describe the biological importance of proteins secreted in plants under different conditions and biological processes, the secretion mechanisms, methodologies for obtaining and identifying these proteins, and future perspectives. Molecule secretion inside and outside the cell is relevant to all areas of plant biology. Protein secretion, in particular, has intriguing possibilities due to the different secretion pathways that the cell uses to send biochemical messages. The secretion of proteins-secretomes-into extracellular space in response to different stimuli or stress situations, in vitro or in planta conditions, has been studied in plants and plant tissues. Proteomics has allowed the quantitative and qualitative analysis of this process and the measurement of proteins associated with the cellular development of different tissues. This has provided the means of evaluating a more precise biochemical state of the cells and the changes that occur during their growth. With the development of new techniques in proteomics, such as mass spectrometry, sequencing, and bioinformatics, it is now possible to elucidate the main proteins secreted, with all their posttranslational modifications, in different plant species and under different specific conditions. This review presents the different pathways of protein secretion in plants, highlighting the well-known importance of signal peptides. The advances and disadvantages of in planta and in vitro systems used for proteomic purposes are discussed. The principal proteomic techniques to better understand the biological function of the secretome are summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 4","pages":"67"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yellow barley xan-m mutants are deficient in the motor unit SECA1 of the SEC1 translocase system.","authors":"David Stuart, Anastasiia Ivanova, Shakhira Zakhrabekova, Mats Hansson","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04654-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04654-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Chloroplast protein transport depends on the SEC1 translocase. Barley xan-m mutants, deficient in SECA1, lack chlorophyll and die as seedlings. Their yellow phenotype indicates that carotenoid chemistry is less SEC1-dependent. Chloroplast proteins encoded by genes located in the cell nucleus need to be transported across up to three chloroplast membranes to find its correct location. SEC1 is one of the major translocase systems. In plants, SEC1 consists of three proteins (SECA1, SECY1 and SECE1) and transports substrate proteins over the thylakoid membrane. SECA1 is an ATPase that delivers the substrate protein to the SECY1-SECE1 channel. In the present study, we analyzed five allelic barley xan-m mutants, which had been isolated between 1925 and 1957. The mutants belong to a larger collection of barley mutants deficient in chlorophyll biosynthesis and chloroplast development. Mutations in the xan-m gene are recessive and result in a yellow phenotype due to lack of chlorophyll and presence of carotenoids. Mutant seedlings die after approximately 10 days. We identified the defective gene in the xan-m mutants by a variant of bulk segregant analysis. The gene xan-m is an orthologue of SECA1 in Arabidopsis. Previously, only genes related to chlorophyll biosynthesis have been identified in the collection of barley xan mutants. The yellow phenotype of the mutants demonstrates that proteins responsible for carotenoid biosynthesis and storage are not or less dependent on an intact SEC1 translocase.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 4","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic profiling reveals a regulatory network governing volatile compound biosynthesis in Shine Muscat grapes (Vitis labruscana Baily × V. vinifera L.).","authors":"Yongkang Nong, Yanbei Chen, Yang Bai, Jianjun He, Haifeng Jia, Sihong Zhou, Guo Cheng, Xiongjun Cao, Jiayu Han, Xiaoyun Huang, Tariq Pervaiz, Xianjin Bai, Bo Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04652-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04652-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Winter berries accumulated more free volatile compounds than summer berries, and C₆ volatile compounds were the main contributors to free volatile compounds. The volatile composition of grapes and wines is important in viticulture, since their aroma is one of the most important determinants of grape fruit quality. The aroma and general quality of grape fruit are influenced by the production of volatile compounds primarily influenced by crop management. In this study, the free and bound volatile compounds were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), along with the transcriptomic analysis using Shine Muscat grape (Vitis labruscana Baily × V. vinifera L.) of summer and winter berries under two-crop-a-year cultivation in Guangxi. The findings demonstrated that phenols, terpenoids, and alcohols were the main bound volatile compounds in fruits from both seasons, whereas aldehydes, terpenoids, and alcohols were the leading free volatile compounds. Free volatile compound concentrations were substantially higher in winter than summer berries, but bound volatile compound concentrations were much lower. Specifically, the concentrations/constitution of free C₆ volatile compounds showed a significant difference between the two seasons and highly correlated with the transcription of three genes involved in the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway. Winter berries had a higher concentration of aldehydes, which might be ascribed to the higher expression of VvLOXA (VIT_06s0004g01510) and VvHPL1 (VIT_12s0059g01060) genes, while the higher concentration of alcohols in summer berries might be due to the higher expression of alcohol dehydrogenase (VvADH1, VIT_18s0001g15410). Furthermore, two VvBGLU genes (VIT_05s0077g01150, VIT_01s0011g00760) were supposed to regulate the enzymatic hydrolysis of glycoside-bound compounds in grapes. Three transcription factors including MYB60, MYBA1, and GATA16 were highly correlated with VvADH1, and they might play an important role in grape C₆ alcohol biosynthesis. The findings may help to reveal a transcriptional regulation network of volatile compounds biosynthetic in grapes and to develop efficient cultivation practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 4","pages":"66"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143502901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and cytological responses to thermal stress in recalcitrant seeds of Mauritia flexuosa (Arecaceae).","authors":"Higor F Salvador, Hellen C Mazzottini-Dos-Santos, Yule R F Nunes, Leonardo M Ribeiro","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04642-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04642-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Recalcitrant seeds of Mauritia flexuosa show evidence of thermal stress tolerance, while germination is stimulated by a thermal regime typical of the rainy season. Recalcitrant seeds (sensitive to desiccation) are highly vulnerable to environmental changes, but little is known about their resilience to thermal stress, which will be particularly important in a scenario of climate change. Mauritia flexuosa L. f. is a neotropical palm of ecological and social importance that occurs in flooded environments. The species produces seeds with association of recalcitrance and dormancy (germination blockage) and has the ability to maintain persistent soil seed banks in ecosystems exposed to the markedly seasonal climate of the Cerrado biome. Thermal regimes (30/20, 35/25, 40/30, and 45/35 °C) were employed to investigate the role of temperature on seed physiology (viability, germination, respiratory activity, micropylar biomechanics, oxidative stress, membrane functionality) and cytology (micromorphometry, ultrastructure, and compound dynamics). Germination was stimulated by the 30/20 °C regime (typical of the rainy season), with reduction of the resistance of the tissues adjacent to the embryo, reserve mobilization, and cell expansion. The 40/30 and 35/25 °C regimes contributed to maintaining and increasing dormancy intensity, respectively. The 45/35 °C regime resulted in seed death due to reserve depletion and embryonic cell collapse. Tolerance mechanisms to moderate thermal stress include efficient antioxidant systems, cell homeostasis, and germination restriction. The capacity for differential responses to thermal regimes is important to the establishment of banks of recalcitrant M. flexuosa seeds and constitutes a factor in the adaptation of that species to the Cerrado seasonality. Nonetheless, rising global temperatures due to climate change and increasing local impacts pose risks to the species' reproductive success.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 4","pages":"65"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dek570-1, a PPR-DYW protein, is required for maize seed and plant development via modulation of C-to-U RNA editing in mitochondria and chloroplasts.","authors":"Wenjie Li, Mengsha Zhao, Baiyu Liu, Yecan Liu, Jiaying Deng, Yu Gu, Min Liu, Wen Cheng, Zhaohua Ding, Kunpeng Li","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04634-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04634-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Maize Dek570-1 affects the expression and function of organellar genes by performing cytidines-to-uridines RNA editing at specific sites of mitochondrial and chloroplast transcripts, thereby regulating seed and plant development. Cytidines-to-uridines (C-to-U) RNA editing at specific sites of mitochondrial and plastid transcripts is crucial for the expression and function of organellar genes, which requires PPR proteins. Here, we report the map-based cloning and characterization of Defective Kernel 570-1 (Dek570-1), which encodes a PPR-DYW protein and is an allele of Emp17. However, compared to the empty pericarp and embryonic lethality of emp17 (W22 background), dek570-1 (Zheng58 background) can produce small but viable seeds despite reducing the size of embryo and endosperm. dek570-1 plants are short and yellowed, but they can reproduce offspring. In mitochondria, loss-of-function of Dek570-1 abolishes the C-to-U editing at nad2-677 and ccmF_C-799 sites, and reduces the editing at ccmF_C-906 site, consistent with Emp17 deficiency. But unlike the reduced editing of the ccmF_C-966 site in emp17, the ccmF_C-966 site in dek570-1 is fully edited, and several other editing sites such as ccmF_C-87, ccmF_C-301, and ccmF_C-306 are also found. More noteworthy is that Dek570-1 is not only located in mitochondria like Emp17, but also in chloroplasts. Correspondingly, the editing at rpl20-308 site of dek570-1 chloroplasts was significantly reduced, affecting the expression of some rRNAs, plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP)- and nuclear-encoded single-subunit RNA polymerase (NEP)-dependent genes, thereby reducing chlorophyll accumulation and photosynthetic rate. Together, these results indicate that Dek570-1 is essential for C-to-U editing at several sites in mitochondrial and chloroplast transcripts, as well as for seed and plant development, and that this locus (Zm00001d028422) may have generated some functional evolutionary divergence in maize with different genetic backgrounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 4","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative analysis of the ABC gene family in sorghum revealed SbABCB11 participating in translocation of cadmium from roots to shoots.","authors":"Bo Zhang, Weitao Jia, Kangqi Lin, Sulian Lv, Zijing Guo, Wenzhu Xie, Yingjiao He, Yinxin Li","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04644-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04644-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>This study identified a SbABCB11 gene in sorghum that could enhance Cd translocation from roots to shoots, thus increasing Cd accumulation in shoots. Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread soil contaminant threatening human health. As an energy plant, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) has great potential in phytoremediation of Cd-polluted soils. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters perform critical roles in transport of Cd. However, there has not yet been a comprehensive analysis of the ABC gene family in sorghum. In this study, 142 ABC genes in sorghum were identified. Transcriptome study showed 41 SbABCs with differential expression patterns under Cd treatment. Candidate gene-based association study for Cd translocation factors identified five significant SNPs inside the annotated gene SbABCB11. Sequence analysis in different haplotypes demonstrated there were multiple long indel variations in the coding region of SbABCB11. Expression study indicated that SbABCB11-Hap3 was upregulated in roots after Cd treatment. Yeast complementary assay proved that SbABCB11 participated in the efflux of Cd, which was further supported by the localization of SbABCB11 on the plasma membrane. Transient suppression of SbABCB11 via antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide (asODN) method reduced Cd accumulation in the shoots of sorghum by decreasing the release of Cd into the xylem. Our results provide new insights into the potential roles of SbABCs in sorghum. We revealed that SbABCB11 participated in translocation of Cd from roots to shoots, and there were significant variations in the translocation ability among different haplotypes of SbABCB11. These findings will be of help for the molecular breeding of sorghum germplasms suitable for the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 3","pages":"62"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging trends in nucleic acid and peptide aptamers in plant science research.","authors":"Kannath U Sanjay, Chigateri M Vinay, Navya B Prabhu, Padmalatha S Rai","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04637-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04637-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Aptamer technology has significantly advanced the field of plant research, emerging as a tool for enhancing agricultural productivity, plant growth, and environmental monitoring. Aptamers are short nucleotide or amino acid sequences that can bind to a range of target molecules with high affinity and selectivity. In recent years, these affinity molecules have piqued the interest of researchers across various scientific fields, including pharmaceuticals, analytical chemistry, and plant science. Advancements in aptamer technology have significantly broadened the horizons of plant science, particularly in the areas of plant analyte detection, pathogen targeting, and protein function analysis. Despite the use of various other bioassays and molecular techniques for plant analyte detection, the small size, chemical stability, and cost-effective synthesis of aptamers make them invaluable tools for unravelling the complexities of plant cells. Here, we discuss the progress in the development of nucleic acid and peptide aptamers and summarize their applications in plant biotechnology. The principles and signalling methods of various aptamer-based biosensors and their prospects as biotechnological tools for functional genomic studies, pathogen resistance, and bioimaging are discussed. Finally, the present challenges and future perspectives of aptamer-based technology in plant research are also summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 3","pages":"63"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842496/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide analysis of ARF gene family and miR160 in avocado (Persea americana Mill.) and their roles in somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryos.","authors":"J L Lorenzo-Manzanarez, A J Enríquez-Valencia, C A Olivares-García, E Ibarra-Laclette, O Velázquez-López, E Ruiz-May, V M Loyola-Vargas, A F Kú-González, M A Arteaga-Vázquez, M Mata-Rosas","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04641-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04641-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The genome-wide analysis revealed that miRNA160 and PaARFs are involved in avocado somatic embryogenesis and play a role in the low efficiency of embryo induction and the ineffective conversion of embryos into plants. The auxin response transcription factors (ARFs) play a role in signaling the auxin phytohormone Indole-3-acetic Acid (IAA) and are involved in plant growth, development, abiotic stress responses and somatic embryogenesis (SE). In the Lauraceae family, particularly in avocado (Persea americana Mill.), propagation via SE remains challenging due to the low efficiency of embryo induction and ineffective conversion of embryos into plants. This study investigates the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history of avocado ARFs (PaARFs). This multigenic family consists of at least 20 members that evolved from a now-extinct common ancestor shared by bryophytes and angiosperms. The expression profile of these genes was analyzed in immature zygotic embryos and three SE stages: early globular, late globular and white-opaque. Additionally, we identified six genes that contributed to the formation of a 100% identical single mature miRNA, the miR160. Almost all PaARF genes were upregulated during the embryo-induction stage, while genes such as PaARF1a, PaARF1c, PaARF2a, PaARF2b, and PaARF17 were downregulated at the white-opaque stage. We observed that the expression of miRNA160 differed significantly between the zygotic embryos and the three subsequent development stages. Additionally, free IAA distributions were highly concentrated in immature zygotic embryos. Our results suggest that miR160 and PaARF-mediated auxin signaling play a role in avocado SE, potentially contributing to the low efficiency of SE. This study is the first report on the ARF gene family in avocado. Our findings provide a valuable reference for comparative and functional analyses of ARFs in the context of avocado somatic embryogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 3","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into chestnut (Castanea spp.) graft incompatibility through the monitoring of chemical and physiological parameters.","authors":"Giovanni Gamba, Dario Donno, Burak Akyüz, Beatriz Cuenca Valera, Gabriele Loris Beccaro","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04639-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04639-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Incompatible chestnut grafts exhibited a notably reduced stomatal conductance, mirroring the trend observed for leaf chlorophyll content. Woody tissues at the graft interface of these combinations showed a significantly higher total phenolic content, especially in the internal layers. In recent years, significant efforts have been made to study the mechanisms of graft incompatibility in horticultural species, though research on minor species like chestnut remains limited. This study investigated the physiological and chemical dynamics in various chestnut grafts, aiming to develop a method for the early detection of graft incompatibility. The total phenolic content (TPC) and specific phenolic markers were analyzed at two phenological stages, callusing (CAL) and end of the vegetative cycle (EVC), using spectrophotometric and chromatographic techniques. These analyses were performed on three sections comprising the graft. Stomatal conductance (G_sw) and leaf chlorophyll content were assessed during the growing season as support tools, being non-destructive useful indicators of plant water status. Significant differences in the physiological traits among compatible and incompatible grafting combinations were evident and remained stable throughout the season. Compatible combinations consistently displayed greater leaf chlorophyll content and higher stomatal conductance, highlighting their superior physiological performance. TPC increased significantly from the CAL to EVC stage across all experimental grafting combinations and in all three analyzed sections. Greater phenol accumulation was observed at the graft union of incompatible combinations, particularly in the inner woody tissues. The phytochemical fingerprint revealed castalagin as the dominant compound, with significant increases in benzoic acids, catechins, and tannins during the growing season. However, the role of gallic acid and catechin as markers of graft incompatibility remains uncertain. The multidisciplinary approach provided valuable insights into the issue of graft incompatibility.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 3","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11828799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Taihangia mitogenome provides new insights into its adaptation and organelle genome evolution in Rosaceae.","authors":"Zhi-Zhong Li, Ying Wang, Xiang-Yan He, Wei-Guo Li","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04629-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04629-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>We present the first Taihangia mitogenome, uncovering frequent rearrangements and significant length variation in Rosaceae, likely driven by hybridization and repeat content, alongside widespread mito-chloroplast phylogenetic conflicts. Taihangia, an ancient and endangered monotypic genus within the subfamily Rosoideae of the family Rosaceae, is endemic to cliffs and serves as an ideal material for studying the adaptations of cliff-dwelling plants and the evolutionary processes of the Rosaceae family. In this study, the mitogenome and plastome of T. rupestris var. ciliata were assembled, with lengths of 265,633 bp and 155,467 bp, both exhibiting typical circular structures. Positive selection was detected in the nad4L and sdh4 genes, likely playing a role in adaptation to harsh environments. Comparative genomic analysis indicated that repetitive sequences are likely the main contributors to genome size variation in Rosaceae and also influence horizontal gene transfer between organelle genomes. In T. rupestris var. ciliata, 20 mitochondrial plastid DNA sequences were identified, including 16 complete plastid genes. Moreover, frequent rearrangements were observed in the non-coding regions of mitogenome within the subfamily Rosoideae, potentially linked to the complex evolutionary history and the presence of repetitive sequences. In contrast, coding regions remained highly conserved (over 83% similarity) to maintain essential mitochondrial functions. Phylogenomic analysis of the two organelle genomes revealed conflicts in the phylogenetic relationships within Rosaceae, potentially due to the inconsistent mutation rates and frequent hybridization events in the evolutionary history of the family. In conclusion, the organelle genome analysis of Taihangia provides crucial genomic resources for understanding the evolution and adaptation of Rosaceae species.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"261 3","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143409941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}