Planta最新文献

{"title":"Constitutive metabolomic profile of a transgressive segregant of rice with superior salinity tolerance potentials due to unique morphological features and well-modulated growth.","authors":"Isaiah Catalino M Pabuayon, Md Mamunur Rashid, Ai Kitazumi, Kevin R Cushman, Habtom W Ressom, Benildo G De Los Reyes","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04811-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04811-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding the nature of non-parental phenotypes created by transgressive segregation is important in creating novel genetic recombinants that can withstand different environmental conditions for crop production. FL510, a transgressive salinity-tolerant rice genotype from a cross between IR29 (salt-sensitive) and Pokkali (salt-tolerant), has tolerance mechanisms active under control conditions and improves survival upon the onset of salinity. This study compares normal-state metabolomes and lipidomes of FL510 with its parents. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the identified analytes showed clear and expected similarity between FL510 and Pokkali, while partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) emphasized overlaps between the metabolic profiles of IR29 and FL510. The analysis identified metabolites with inherited patterns of abundance from either parent in FL510 and those with unique, non-parental abundances, and these were supported by differential expression of key pathway-related genes identified through transcriptome analysis. Strigolactone precursor production was identified as a key feature in FL510, which may help explain its unique architecture that is beneficial for osmotic stress. We also identified a divergence between productivity under ideal environments leading to free radical production versus tempered production that offers better survival under marginal growing conditions. FL510 showed an inheritance of hormone and amino acid abundances from Pokkali, which further explains some of its architectural and previously studied stress-response features. Meanwhile, the similarity of FL510 with IR29 in terms of flavonoid indicates an inheritance of productivity and is consistent with previous reports of induction for these molecules under stress, rather than being active under control conditions. MAIN CONCLUSION: Through repeated genetic recombination of genetically distant alleles, the transgressive segregant FL510 gained unique, non-parental signaling pathways and complementary metabolome features from both parents leading to positive net genetic gains.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12396997/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soil phosphorus mediates trade-offs between constitutive and induced defences in young pine trees.","authors":"Xoaquín Moreira, Luis Abdala-Roberts, Rafael Zas, Luis Sampedro","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04813-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04813-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Nutrient availability, namely soil phosphorus, modulates trade-offs between constitutive and induced defences in maritime pine, with high phosphorus weakening these trade-offs and shaping plant allocation to different defensive strategies. Abiotic factors modulate trade-offs between plant functions, but their influence on trade-offs between constitutive and induced defences remains poorly understood. We tested for such trade-offs in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) and examined whether soil phosphorus availability affected these defensive correlations. We conducted a greenhouse experiment with six-month-old pine seedlings from 33 half-sib families, exposing half of the plants from each family to either low or high soil phosphorus availability, one of the main limiting factors for pine development in the study region. Within each fertilization group, we applied jasmonic acid to induce defences in half of the plants per family. Defensive traits measured included resin production and phenolic compound levels. As predicted, we found significant negative correlations between constitutive and induced defences for both defensive traits under low phosphorus availability. However, these correlations were absent under high phosphorus conditions, indicating that overabundance of this nutrient weakened defensive allocation constraints. These findings highlight the role of nutrient availability in shaping plant defence allocation constraints, potentially shaping the correlated evolution of plant defensive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12394365/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative genomics of plastid genome within Curculigo orchioides subclade (Hypoxidaceae) reveals evolutionary relationships and document the shortest ndhA intron in seed plants.","authors":"Asif S Tamboli, In-Su Choi, Jin-Suk Youn, Rohit N Mane, Avinash R Gholave, Arun N Chandore, Jae Hong Pak, Marcin Kiedrzyński","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04807-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04807-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>This study presents the first comprehensive plastome analysis of Curculigo, filling a genomic gap in Hypoxidaceae, reveals its evolutionary relationships, and identifies the shortest known ndhA intron among seed plants. Comparative genomics is an effective tool for exploring plastome evolution and gene content variation across species. In the genus Curculigo (Hypoxidaceae), plastome research has been restricted to C. orchioides and C. capitulata. To enhance our understanding of evolutionary relationships within this genus, we sequenced and assembled complete plastomes of the five Indian species: C. brevifolia, C. janarthanamii, C. konkanensis, C. orchioides, and C. sabui, all belonging to the C. orchioides subclade. The plastomes (158,114-158,205 bp) contained 113 unique genes, including 79 protein coding, with codon usage ranging from 23,139 to 24,434. We identified 49 long repeats (30-66 bp), primarily in intergenic spacers and eight genes and 42-47 SSRs per genome. LSC/IR/SSC junction analyses revealed conserved positioning across species. Six hotspot regions were detected, with trnL-trnF and rpl32-trnL-UAG previously reported in Asparagales. A unique 508-nt deletion in the ndhA intron of C. orchioides 2 resulted in the shortest known intron among seed plants. Complete ribosomal DNA sequences (7015-8702 bp) were also assembled and utilized for phylogenetic analysis. Phylogenies based on whole plastomes, 79 coding sequences, and rDNA data resolved the relationships among six Curculigo taxa. Further multigene analysis with additional taxa supported earlier studies while offering greater resolution within the C. orchioides group. Our results reveal a largely conserved plastome architecture punctuated by lineage-specific indels that constitute useful synapomorphies within Hypoxidaceae. The new genomic resources and clarified phylogeny provide a robust framework to support future research in species delimitation, adaptive evolution, and conservation genetics of this medicinally valuable genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geranyl diphosphate synthase small subunit I (GPPS.SSU I) expression strongly correlates with the presence or absence of monoterpene emission from lily (Lilium spp.) flowers.","authors":"Masumi Yamagishi, Yuuki Matsumura, Yuka Inada, Naomi Oyama-Okubo, Toshikazu Nomizu, Hanako Shimura, Takashi Nakatsuka","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04806-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04806-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>We reported the functional characterization of cDNAs encoding geranyl diphosphate synthase small subunit I (GPPS.SUU I) that determine the presence or absence of monoterpene emission from lily flowers. While monoterpene compounds are among the most important scent substances in lily flowers, their emission levels vary among lily cultivars. For example, Oriental hybrid cultivars emit sufficient monoterpenes, but Asiatic hybrid cultivars scarcely emit them. Geranyl diphosphate (GPP), a precursor of monoterpenes, is biosynthesized by GPP synthase (GPPS) in plastids. Angiosperm GPPSs are often heteromeric enzymes consisting of non-catalytic small subunits (GPPS.SSU) and catalytic large subunits (GPPS.LSU); the homomeric form of the latter functions as a geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS). To determine which genes created large variations in monoterpene emission levels, we characterized Lilium hybrid GPPS.SSU I (LhGPPS.SSU I) and LhGGPPS/GPPS.LSU1, and compared their expression levels in scent and scentless lily flowers. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-fused LhGGPPS/GPPS.LSU1 and LhGPPS.SSU I proteins were co-localized in the chloroplasts of tobacco cells, and LhGPPS.SSU I interacted physically with LhGGPPS/GPPS.LSU1 in the yeast two-hybrid system. LhGPPS.SSU I overexpression in tobacco (transient) and lily (stable) leaves promoted GPP biosynthesis. Thus, LhGPPS.SSU I interacted with LhGGPPS/GPPS.LSU1 to biosynthesize GPP. LhGPPS.SSU I expression in lily tepals occurred in Oriental but not in Asiatic hybrid cultivars, whereas LhGGPPS/GPPS.LSU1 expression occurred in both, irrespective of monoterpene emissions, indicating that LhGPPS.SSU I is a key determinant of monoterpene emissions from lily flowers. LhGPPS.SSU I was not expressed in seven wild species involved in Asiatic hybrid lily establishment but was expressed in Lilium cernuum, which can hybridize with Asiatic hybrid lilies, indicating that L. cernuum is a promising genetic resource for enhancing floral scent in Asiatic hybrids.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated development of MTL and DMP gene-based subtropically-adapted maternal haploid inducer lines in maize using molecular breeding.","authors":"Nisrita Gain, Vignesh Muthusamy, Rashmi Chhabra, Amitkumar D Kyada, Suman Dutta, Gulab Chand, Ravindra K Kasana, Konsam Sarika, Elangbam L Devi, Jayanthi Madhavan, Rajkumar Subramani, Rajkumar U Zunjare, Aruna Kumar, Devendra K Yadava, Firoz Hossain","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04789-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04789-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Doubled haploid (DH) technology has accelerated the development of inbreds in maize. Worldwide, breeding efforts have led to the development of diverse maternal haploid inducer (HI) lines adapted to temperate and tropical conditions. So far, no HI line adapted to subtropical conditions has been developed. Here, we crossed a temperate HI line used as a donor with a set of subtropical inbreds. The wild-type alleles of Matrilineal (MTL) and Domain membrane protein (DMP) genes were present among subtropically-adapted inbreds. While, the donor HI line possessed mutant mtl and dmp genes governing in vivo haploid induction in maize. Eight F₂ populations were genotyped for MTL and DMP genes using gene-based markers, MTL_4InDel and DMP_SNP_TC, respectively. Severe segregation-distortion (SD) was observed for both mtl and dmp genes. Significant effect of 'inducer-type', 'environments', 'source of haploids', and 'inducer-type × source of haploids' was observed for haploid induction rate (HIR). HIR among mtlmtl-based inducers was 3.61%, while the same for dmpdmp was 0.52%. Significantly higher HIR (8.88%) was observed for mtlmtl/dmpdmp-based HI lines. Pusa-HI-MD5 and Pusa-HI-MD6 were the most promising HI lines with HIR of 10.61 and 11.11%, respectively. Among source-germplasm, 'Pusa Vivek QPM9 Improved' produced more haploids (5.38%) over 'Pusa HM8 Improved' (4.40%). Further, HIR was more during rainy season (HIR: 5.16%) over spring season (HIR: 4.62%). The newly developed HI lines possessed superior-agronomic traits over temperate donor. This is the first report of development of HI lines adapted to subtropical conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple and reliable PCR-based method to differentiate between XX and XY sex genotypes in Cannabis sativa.","authors":"Ainhoa Riera-Begue, Matteo Toscani, Afsheen Malik, Caroline A Dowling, Susanne Schilling, Rainer Melzer","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04804-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04804-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cannabis sativa is a mainly dioecious plant, which means that female and male flowers develop on separate individuals, which is controlled by an XY sex determination system: females have two X chromosomes and male plants carry an X and a Y chromosome. C. sativa is a crop that has a wide variety of applications, some of which depend on the sex of the plant. Females are, for example, used for the cannabinoid production, as cannabinoids are produced in the female inflorescence. However, while adult C. sativa individuals present high sexual dimorphism, it is not possible to phenotypically distinguish male and female plants before flowering. Here we present the identification of a highly conserved sex marker, CsPDS5, and the development of a robust, reliable and affordable PCR-based method to determine the sex genotype. In contrast to other sex genotyping methods, our approach relies on a gene polymorphic between the X and Y chromosomes and therefore requires only a single PCR with one pair of primers. The method was tested in 14 hemp-type cultivars and 6 crosses, with different tissues and developmental stages, on more than 500 samples, with 100% accuracy. Our assay allows early sex identification and hemp selection, which is useful for both research and industrial purposes. Finally, the pipeline presented here to identify genes polymorphic between the X and Y chromosomes can serve to discover new sex markers, not only in C. sativa but also in other dioecious plants and other organisms with 2 sexes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12373676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin-mediated phytohormonal crosstalk improves salt stress tolerance in plants.","authors":"Raphael Dzinyela, Teja Manda, Delight Hwarari, Muthusamy Ramakrishnan, Zishan Ahmad, Romaric Hippolyte Agassin, Liming Yang, Ali Movahedi","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04803-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04803-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Salinity adversely affects plant growth and productivity. Melatonin plays a central role in various signaling pathways and shows extensive crosstalk with other phytohormones. Melatonin-phytohormone crosstalk strategies have emerged as promising tools to enhance crop resilience under salinity stress. The insights presented here provide a foundation for the development of salt-tolerant horticultural cultivars through melatonin-centered biotechnological and breeding approaches. Salinity stress is a major abiotic factor limiting plant growth and crop productivity worldwide, increasingly heightened by climate change and unsustainable irrigation practices. Melatonin, a pleiotropic molecule originally discovered in animals, has recently emerged as a key regulator in plant stress responses, particularly through its interaction with other phytohormonal signaling networks. Although recent studies support melatonin's protective functions in salt stress tolerance, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying some of these interactions remain largely unresolved. This review synthesizes current advances in understanding the role of melatonin in enhancing salt stress tolerance in horticultural plants. Particularly, melatonin's crosstalk with other phytohormones, including abscisic acid and auxins, forms a coordinated complex adaptive responses during salt stress. This review highlights key knowledge gaps and proposes future research directions, mainly in the direction of applying melatonin-mediated signaling to engineer salt-tolerant cultivars. Thus, this review provides a comprehensive resource for advancing our understanding of melatonin's integrative role in plant hormonal networks and its potential applications in sustainable horticulture under salinity stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144964959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic integration of light signal, hormone dynamics, and carbohydrate metabolism orchestrates rhizome bud development in Arundo donax.","authors":"Xinyu Tan, Long Sha, Baoming Tian, Mingchen Yu, Zhengqing Xie, Weiwei Chen, Yixin Huangfu, Jialin Guo, Jiayin Liu, Chao Deng, Fang Wei, Gongyao Shi","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04802-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04802-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>The rhizome bud development is governed by light signal, hormonal dynamics, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell cycle regulation in Arundo donax. Rhizomatous plants reproduce asexually through transplantation of rhizome segments bearing buds, which develop into new individuals. However, the regulatory mechanism governing rhizome bud differentiation and development is still unknown. In this study, cytological observations were conducted on rhizome buds of Arundo donax at different developmental stages, and RNA sequencing and differentially expressed gene analysis were performed on rhizomes and preparatory rhizome buds (PR). The results showed that rhizome buds elongated outward from internal structure of the rhizomes. During PR initiation, the far-red light receptor PHYA and photosystem-related genes in the light-signal pathway were significantly upregulated, indicating that far-red light promoted PR initiation. In the IAA signal pathway, transport inhibitor protein 1 (TIR1) and auxin response factor (ARF) genes were significantly upregulated, while in the CTK signal pathway, the cytokinin receptor (AHK), histidine-containing phosphotransfer protein (AHP), and the type-A Arabidopsis response regulator (A-ARR) were significantly upregulated, with the type-B Arabidopsis response regulator (B-ARR) downregulated. These results suggested that IAA and CTK signal promoted cell division and differentiation. In addition, genes responsible for starch degradation into glucose were upregulated during this process, indicating that glucose served as the primary energy source. The cell cycle regulators D-type cyclin (CYCD) and cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) were significantly upregulated, demonstrating active cell division and differentiation activities. This analysis constructed a multi-dimensional regulatory network of rhizome bud development, revealing that PR development is regulated by multiple coordinated pathways, including light signal, hormone dynamics, carbohydrate metabolism, and cell cycle regulation in A. donax.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144965053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fragaria ananassa DAM4 expression correlates with vegetative growth during semi-dormancy breaking.","authors":"Stephan David, Philippe Kersten, Xiren Cao, Leo F M Marcelis, Julian C Verdonk","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04799-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04799-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dormancy-Associated MADS-BOX (DAM)3 and DAM4 have been described as potential regulators of winter dormancy in cultivated strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.). These genes are upregulated under short-day conditions and downregulated under chilling conditions. The aim of the current work is to test the hypothesis that the expression of DAM3 and DAM4 correlates negatively with vegetative growth during dormancy induction and breaking. The expression of DAM3 and DAM4 as well as plant morphology and physiology was analyzed during a period of semi-dormancy induction and breaking. Furthermore, DAM3 and DAM4 expression was compared between cultivars with different chill requirements. Lastly, the DAM1, DAM2, DAM3, and DAM4 expression of concurrently growing summer and winter leaves was compared at multiple stages of dormancy breaking. DAM3 and DAM4 expression negatively correlated with leaf area and petiole length. We conclude that DAM3 and DAM4 expression patterns are consistent with that of regulators of semi-dormancy. DAM4 expression in particular correlates strongly with vegetative growth during semi-dormancy breaking. DAM3 or DAM4 expression was not found to correlate with the cultivar-specific chill requirements. Lastly, no relevant differences in DAM expression were found between summer and winter leaves.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12358334/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144862349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic insight into the role of microbial interplay in conferring drought stress tolerance in black cumin (Nigella sativa L.).","authors":"Mozhgan Sepehri, Trevor C Charles, Behnam Khatabi","doi":"10.1007/s00425-025-04801-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00425-025-04801-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Main conclusion: </strong>Serendipita indica and Pseudomonas fluorescens improved drought resilience in Nigella sativa by enhancing stress-related physiological and metabolic responses, including nutrient uptake, antioxidant activity, osmolyte accumulation, and photosynthetic efficiency. Utilizing metabolomic analysis combined with physiological studies, we evaluated the microbial interplay between Serendipita indica and Pseudomonas fluorescens in metabolite adjustments of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) under drought stress conditions (D0: well-watered, D1: moderate drought at 60% field capacity, D2: severe drought at 40% field capacity). Metabolomic profiling and physiological measurements were conducted to assess plant growth, photosynthetic capacity, ionomic status, accumulation of compatible osmolytes (amino acids, organic acids, sugars), and activities of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase). A synergistic effect between S. indica and P. fluorescens was observed under D1, while S. indica alone conferred more pronounced benefits under D2. Inoculated plants particularly those treated with S. indica, exhibited elevated levels of essential nutrients (N, Fe, Ca), osmolytes (glucose, fructose), and drought-responsive amino acids. Peak levels of aspartic acid (Asp), glutamine (Gln), glycine (Gly), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), histidine (His), valine (Val), arginine (Arg), and leucine (Leu) were detected under severe drought in response to microbial treatments. This study provides the first integrative metabolomic and physiological evidence of microbe-mediated drought tolerance in Nigella sativa, highlighting the synergistic potential of fungal-bacterial consortia as a sustainable strategy to enhance crop resilience under water-limited conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20177,"journal":{"name":"Planta","volume":"262 4","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144859501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}