Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery最新文献

{"title":"Could Photobiomodulation Therapy Be Helpful in Epilepsy?","authors":"Michael R Hamblin","doi":"10.1089/photob.2023.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2023.0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 2","pages":"35-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10782966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiomodulation Reduces Periocular Wrinkle Volume by 30%: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Lidiane Rocha Mota,&nbsp;Ivone da Silva Duarte,&nbsp;Thais Rodrigues Galache,&nbsp;Katia Maria Dos Santos Pretti,&nbsp;Orlando Chiarelli Neto,&nbsp;Lara Jansiski Motta,&nbsp;Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana,&nbsp;Daniela de Fátima Teixeira da Silva,&nbsp;Christiane Pavani","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2022.0114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aimed to evaluate red and amber light-emitting diode protocols for facial rejuvenation at the same light dose. <b><i>Background:</i></b> The demand for minimally invasive cosmetic procedures to address skin aging has grown throughout the world. <i>In vitro</i> red and amber photobiomodulation (PBM) has been shown to improve collagen synthesis. Meanwhile, red PBM has already been studied in clinical trials; however, a comparison of the use of different wavelengths at the same light dose to reduce periocular wrinkles has not yet been performed. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This split-face, randomized clinical trial recruited 137 women (40-65 years old) presenting with skin phototypes II-IV and Glogau photoaging scale types II-IV. The individuals received 10 sessions for 4 weeks of red (660 nm) and amber (590 nm) PBM (3.8 J/cm²), one at each side of the face. The outcomes, measured before and after the treatments, were the periocular wrinkle volume measured by VisioFace^® RD equipment; hydration measured by the Corneometer CM 825; skin elasticity measured by the Cutometer Dual MPA 580; and quality of life determined by adapted versions of validated questionnaires [Melasma Quality of Life Scale-Brazilian Portuguese (MelasQoL-BP) and Skindex-29]. <b><i>Results:</i></b> There was a significant reduction in wrinkle volume after red (31.6%) and amber (29.9%) PBM. None of the treatments improved skin hydration and viscoelasticity. Both questionnaires showed improvements in participants' quality of life. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PBM, both at red and amber wavelengths, is an effective tool for rejuvenation, producing a 30% wrinkle volume reduction. The technique has strong potential in patients with diabetes or those presenting with keloids, conditions for which highly inflammatory rejuvenating procedures are not indicated. Clinical trial registration number: REBEC-6YFCBM.</p>","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 2","pages":"48-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9678131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Dioxide Laser Sequestrectomy for Osteoradionecrosis: A Case Series.","authors":"Jesse R Qualliotine,&nbsp;Andrew Yousef,&nbsp;Ryan K Orosco,&nbsp;Mathilde Fugere,&nbsp;Frederic J Kolb,&nbsp;Thanos Kristallis,&nbsp;Katya Archambault","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2022.0090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To demonstrate a new approach to sequestrectomy using a carbon dioxide (CO₂) laser for a clinic-based technique. <b><i>Background:</i></b> Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw is a debilitating complication of radiotherapy for head and neck malignancies. Often refractory to medical therapy, surgical intervention for early staged disease with curettage and mechanical bone removal has mixed success, making this disease extremely difficult to treat. Therefore, new approaches to treat ORN of the jaw is needed. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We describe five cases of early-to-intermediate-staged ORN illustrating a novel clinic-based sequestrectomy technique using a CO₂ laser. <b><i>Results:</i></b> The exposed bone lesions involved the mandibular fixed gingiva, maxillary fixed gingiva, and hard palate. None of the patients had diabetes. Four patients required a total of two laser treatments and one patient needed only one treatment. All five patients demonstrated an excellent response with complete resolution of their ORN-related pain and complete mucosal coverage of the exposed bone with durable results (follow-up range, 7-19 months). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> This small series demonstrates encouraging results for CO₂ laser sequestrectomy for ORN. This novel office-based intervention merits further study in larger prospective series and exploration in other disease populations, such as medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws.</p>","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 2","pages":"73-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10705027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and Safety of Using Combined Light-Emitting Diodes Versus Intense Pulsed Light Technology for the Improvement of Facial Hypervascularization in Adult Patients.","authors":"Pablo Naranjo García,&nbsp;Rodolfo López Andrino","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2022.0079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Superficial facial vascular lesions can be an aesthetic problem and a symptom of different skin diseases. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> It was to compare the efficacy and safety profiles of Dermalux^® Tri-Wave MD, based on three combined light-emitting diodes (LEDs) technology and intense pulsed light (IPL) for reducing the excess of facial vascularization due to superficial cutaneous vascular lesions. <b><i>Materials and methods:</i></b> The study had a single-center, proof-of-concept, open-label, and prospective design. Two groups of adult patients were treated for facial hypervascularization, LED-Group with an LED device combining 633 and 830 nm and IPL-Group with an IPL (555-950 and 530-750 nm). Variables assessed were hemoglobin hyperconcentration (HH), hemoglobin-affected area (HAA) through Antera 3D^®, and pain using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Twenty subjects were included, 10 by group (50% female). LED-Group: Mean age 32.1 years (range, 21<i>-</i>46). IPL-Group: Mean age 34.5 years (range, 25<i>-</i>49). HH: LED-Group 100% had a moderate improvement; in the IPL-Group, 10% was moderate, and 90% was marked. HAA: LED-Group 10% had a slight improvement, 70% moderate, and 20% marked; in the IPL-Group, 100%, the improvement was marked. Seventy percent of LED-Group patients reported no pain, 30% mild; in the IPL-Group, 100% of patients reported severe pain. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Treatment with combined red and near-infrared LEDs effectively reduced the excess of facial vascularization with moderate outcomes compared with IPL, but without secondary effects and no pain. This treatment could represent an effective, safe, and well-tolerated approach for facial vascular lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 2","pages":"64-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10731389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Obesity Indices and Ventilatory Function Responses to High-Level Laser Therapy in Subjects with Abdominal Obesity.","authors":"Ashraf Abdelaal Mohamed Abdelaal","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2022.0116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of pulsed Nd:YAG high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) on body weight (Wt), body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1) in young adults with abdominal obesity (AO). <b><i>Materials and methods:</i></b> Thirty-seven young adult males (age 19-25 years) with BMI >30 kg/m² and WC >102 cm participated in this 12-week, randomized controlled study and were randomly allocated into either Group I [received pulsed Nd:YAG HILT plus moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training (AET) program] or Group II (received placebo pulsed Nd:YAG HILT plus the same AET program). The variables were evaluated pre- and poststudy. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Poststudy mean values and percentages of changes were calculated for Wt [83.7 ± 6.58 kg (-6.14%) and 88.71 ± 5.09 kg (-4.29%)], BMI [29.27 ± 1.06 kg/m² (-6.14%) and 30.09 ± 1.23 kg/m² (-4.24%)], WC [105.44 ± 5.84 cm (-3.78%) and 109.42 ± 4.9 cm (-1.74%)], FVC [4.79 ± 0.4 L (+13.6%) and 4.39 ± 0.66 L (+5.89%)], and FEV1 [4.04 ± 0.22 L (+16.4%) and 3.82 ± 0.39 L (+8.8%)] for Group I and Group II, respectively. Between groups, there were significant differences in mean values of Wt (<i>p</i> = 0.014), BMI (<i>p</i> = 0.04), WC (<i>p</i> = 0.03), FVC (<i>p</i> = 0.03), and FEV1 (<i>p</i> = 0.04) at the end of the study, but in favor of Group I. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Utilizing the pulsed Nd:YAG HILT as an adjunctive therapeutic modality proved to be effective in improving the anthropometric indices and ventilatory functions in subjects with AO.</p>","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 2","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10712551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photobiomodulation Literature Watch September 2022.","authors":"James D Carroll","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2022.0158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 2","pages":"88-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10766577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue Light Improves Antimicrobial Efficiency of Silver Sulfadiazine Via Catalase Inactivation.","authors":"Sebastian Jusuf, Ji-Xin Cheng","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0107","DOIUrl":"10.1089/photob.2022.0107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Blue light exhibits the ability to deactivate catalase present in pathogens, significantly improving the antimicrobial performance of compounds such as hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). However, H₂O₂ is not used within clinical settings due to its short half-life, limiting its potential applications. In this study, we explore the usage of Food and Drug Administration-approved and clinically used silver sulfadiazine (SSD) as a potential alternative to H₂O₂, acting as a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing agent capable of synergizing with blue light exposure. <b><i>Materials and methods:</i></b> For <i>in vitro</i> studies, bacterial strains were exposed to a continuous wave 405 nm light-emitting diode (LED) followed by treatment with SSD for varying incubation times. For <i>in vivo</i> studies, bacteria-infected murine abrasion wounds were treated with daily treatments of 405 nm LED light and 1% SSD cream for up to 4 days. The surviving bacterial population was quantified through agar plating and colony-forming unit quantification. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Through a checkerboard assay, blue light and SSD demonstrated synergistic interactions. Against both gram-negative and gram-positive pathogens, blue light significantly improved the antimicrobial response of SSD within both phosphate-buffered saline and nutrient-rich conditions. Examination into the mechanisms reveals that the neutralization of catalase significantly improves the ROS-producing capabilities of SSD at the exterior of the bacterial cell, producing greater amounts of toxic ROS capable of exerting antimicrobial activity against the pathogen. Additional experiments reveal that the incorporation of light improves the antimicrobial performance of SSD within methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA)- and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> strain 1 (PAO-1)-infected murine abrasion wounds. <b><i>Conclusions</i></b><i>:</i> As an established, clinically used antibiotic, SSD can act as a suitable alternative to H₂O₂ in synergizing with catalase-deactivating blue light, allowing for better translation of this technology to more clinical settings and further implementation of this treatment to more complex animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 2","pages":"80-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9963486/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10796515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment of Superficial Mycoses Using Photodynamic Therapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Qi Dong,&nbsp;Yuying Kang,&nbsp;Ruijun Zhang","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2022.0117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in treating superficial fungal infections, and provide reference for clinical application. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> In accordance with Population, Intervention, Comparator, and Outcome (PICO), the research question and keywords were formulated. Records published in English by PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science as of November 14, 2022 were retrieved, including the keywords \"mycoses,\" \"tinea,\" \"photochemotherapy,\" etc. Besides, meta-analysis performed by STATA and PROSPERO registration code was CRD42022363448. <b><i>Results:</i></b> One thousand four hundred eighty-four records were identified and 18 articles involving 343 patients with superficial fungal infections were enrolled. The overall mycological cure rate of PDT is 55% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.46-0.65]. The fungal cure rate using methylene blue (MB) as photosensitizer (PS) is 67% (95% CI: 0.55-0.79); using 5-aminolevulinic acid is 34% (95% CI: 0.21-0.47); and using methyl aminolevulinate is 56% (95% CI: 0.33-0.78). The fungal cure rate of moderate-to-severe onychomycosis according to Onychomycosis Severity Index is 60% (95% CI: 0.47-0.73) and that of moderate onychomycosis is 66% (95% CI: 0.56-0.76). It was observed that the treatment parameters did not follow the same standard across studies. The majority of the included studies were moderate to low biased. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> PDT, particularly using MB as PS, has a certain mycological cure rate and safety at treating superficial mycoses. Due to the insufficient number of studies on PDT in the treatment of superficial fungal infections and the small sample size of some studies, more studies with standardized PDT parameters, large sample size, and long follow-up periods are needed to prove that PDT has the potential to become an alternative to traditional antifungal therapy or to find a better combination between them.</p>","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 2","pages":"37-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10712552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combination of Dental-Capping Agents with Low Level Laser Therapy Promotes Proliferation of Stem Cells from Apical Papilla.","authors":"Jaber Zafari,&nbsp;Fatemeh Javani Jouni,&nbsp;Forough Nikzad,&nbsp;Sogand Esmailnasab,&nbsp;Zahra Abbasi Javan,&nbsp;Hamed Karkehabadi","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2022.0072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Background:</i></b> Direct pulp capping is a vital pulp therapy, which stimulates differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs). SCAPs have multipotential capacity to differentiate into types of cells, contributing to the regeneration of tissues. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> Considering the promising effects of dental-capping materials, we aim to investigate the effect of dental dressing materials combined with laser therapy on the percentage of SCAP viability and the consequent dental regeneration capacity. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We collected two immature third molar teeth and isolated SCAPs through collagenase type I enzymatic activity. Isolated SCAPs were then cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium and α-minimum essential medium enriched with 15% and 10% fetal bovine serum, respectively. After reaching 70-80% confluency, cells were seeded in a 96-well plate and then treated with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), enamel matrix derivative (EMD), biodentine, and low level laser therapy (LLLT) alone and in combination for 24, 48, and 168 h. After that, cell survival rate was assessed using (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay. <b><i>Results:</i></b> We found that combination of MTA, EMD, and LLLT as well as that of biodentine, EMD, and LLLT could lead to significant increase of SCAP viability as compared with other treatment groups. Combination of MTA and biodentine with EMD could also show increased level of SCAP proliferation and viability. However, MTA and biodentine alone reduced SCAP survival rate in all time points. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Our conclusion is that LLLT can serve as an enhancer of SCAP proliferation and differentiation rate when added to dental-capping agents such as MTA, EMD, and biodentine. Thus, LLLT combination with effective capping materials will serve as a promising option for dental tissue repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 1","pages":"3-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10521655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intense Pulsed Light Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis.","authors":"Dan Li,&nbsp;Jiamin Lu,&nbsp;Zhuoyi Hu,&nbsp;Jiajian Liang,&nbsp;Shibin Lin","doi":"10.1089/photob.2022.0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/photob.2022.0063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b><i>Objective:</i></b> To assess the effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) on oxidative stress (OS) in perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC). <b><i>Background:</i></b> IPL treatment has been proven effective for dry eye disease (DED). However, we have observed that, after IPL treatment, some patients with DED combined with allergic conjunctivitis (AC), an immune response condition in which excessive OS causes and exacerbates inflammatory damage, not only show an improvement in eye dryness, but also their AC-related eye itching is relieved. The mechanism by which IPL inhibits allergic reactions is not clear. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Five patients with moderate-to-severe PAC were given two IPL treatments on the periorbital skin with a 2-week interval. Visual analog scale (VAS) scores and signs of AC, including eye redness and conjunctival follicles, were assessed before the first treatment (day 1) and 2 weeks after the second treatment (day 30). Tears were also collected at the same time, and lipid oxidation (LPO) metabolite analysis was performed using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to investigate the effects of IPL on OS response. <b><i>Results</i></b><i>:</i> The average VAS score significantly decreased with treatment (30.2 for day 1, 10.6 for day 30; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The general signs of PAC showed no difference (<i>p</i> > 0.05). LPO metabolite analysis revealed that 17,18-diHETE, which is an oxidation product of eicosapentaenoic acid, and 13-OXoODE, which is an oxidation product of linoleic acid, are significantly downregulated after IPL treatment. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The photothermal effect of IPL attenuates OS in PAC, and this seems to be one of the mechanisms by which IPL treatment improves PAC. Clinical Trial Registration number: ChiCTR1900022202.</p>","PeriodicalId":20111,"journal":{"name":"Photobiomodulation, photomedicine, and laser surgery","volume":"41 1","pages":"17-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10529028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}