Physical review letters最新文献

{"title":"g Factor of Boronlike Tin","authors":"J. Morgner, B. Tu, M. Moretti, C. M. König, F. Heiße, T. Sailer, V. A. Yerokhin, B. Sikora, N. S. Oreshkina, Z. Harman, C. H. Keitel, S. Sturm, K. Blaum","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.123201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.123201","url":null,"abstract":"In the experiment, the g</a:mi></a:math> factor of boronlike <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mrow><c:mmultiscripts><c:mrow><c:msup><c:mrow><c:mi>Sn</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mn>45</c:mn><c:mo>+</c:mo></c:mrow></c:msup></c:mrow><c:mprescripts/><c:none/><c:mrow><c:mn>118</c:mn></c:mrow></c:mmultiscripts></c:mrow></c:math> has been measured with a 0.5 ppb uncertainty. This is the first high-precision measurement of the <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mrow><e:mi>g</e:mi></e:mrow></e:math> factor of a heavy boronlike ion. The measured value of 0.6 447 038 265(4) is consistent with the presented state-of-the-art theory calculations, which predict a value of 0.64 470 29(8). So far, the only boronlike ion of which the <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mrow><g:mi>g</g:mi></g:mrow></g:math> factor was measured with high precision has been <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mrow><i:mmultiscripts><i:mrow><i:msup><i:mrow><i:mi>Ar</i:mi></i:mrow><i:mrow><i:mn>13</i:mn><i:mo>+</i:mo></i:mrow></i:msup></i:mrow><i:mprescripts/><i:none/><i:mrow><i:mn>40</i:mn></i:mrow></i:mmultiscripts></i:mrow></i:math>. The measurement presented here therefore tests quantum electrodynamics as well as many-electron interactions at much higher <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><k:mi>Z</k:mi></k:math>. Furthermore, we discuss the potential for an independent determination of the fine-structure constant <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:mi>α</m:mi></m:math>, which can be achieved with a specific difference of <o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><o:mi>g</o:mi></o:math> factors, combining the presented results with the recent electron <q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><q:mi>g</q:mi></q:math>-factor measurement of hydrogenlike tin. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous Hall Effect due to Magnetic Fluctuations in a Ferromagnetic Weyl Semimetal","authors":"Ola Kenji Forslund, Xiaoxiong Liu, Soohyeon Shin, Chun Lin, Masafumi Horio, Qisi Wang, Kevin Kramer, Saumya Mukherjee, Timur Kim, Cephise Cacho, Chennan Wang, Tian Shang, Victor Ukleev, Jonathan S. White, Pascal Puphal, Yasmine Sassa, Ekaterina Pomjakushina, Titus Neupert, Johan Chang","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.126602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.126602","url":null,"abstract":"The anomalous Hall effect (AHE) has emerged as a key indicator of time-reversal symmetry breaking (TRSB) and topological features in electronic band structures. Absent of a magnetic field, the AHE requires spontaneous TRSB but has proven hard to probe due to averaging over domains. The anomalous component of the Hall effect is thus frequently derived from extrapolating the magnetic field dependence of the Hall response. We show that discerning whether the AHE is an intrinsic property of the field-free system becomes intricate in the presence of strong magnetic fluctuations. As a study case, we use the Weyl semimetal PrAlGe, where TRSB can be toggled via a ferromagnetic transition, providing a transparent view of the AHE’s topological origin. Through a combination of thermodynamic, transport, and muon spin relaxation measurements, we contrast the behavior below the ferromagnetic transition temperature to that of strong magnetic fluctuations above. Our results on PrAlGe provide general insights into the interpretation of anomalous Hall signals in systems where TRSB is debated, such as families of kagome metals or certain transition metal dichalcogenides. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Physics Decaying into Metastable Particles: Impact on Cosmic Neutrinos","authors":"Kensuke Akita, Gideon Baur, Maksym Ovchynnikov, Thomas Schwetz, Vsevolod Syvolap","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.121001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.121001","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate decays of hypothetical unstable new physics particles into metastable species such as muons, pions, or kaons in the early Universe, when temperatures are in the MeV range, and study how they affect cosmic neutrinos. We demonstrate that the nontrivial dynamics of metastables in the plasma alters the impact of the new physics particles on the neutrino population, including the effective number of neutrino degrees of freedom, N</a:mi></a:mrow>eff</a:mi></a:mrow></a:msub></a:mrow></a:math>, modifies neutrino spectral distortions, and may induce asymmetries in neutrino and antineutrino energy distributions. These modifications have important implications for observables such as big bang nucleosynthesis and the cosmic microwave background, especially in light of upcoming cosmic microwave background observations aiming to reach percent-level precision on <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:msub><c:mi>N</c:mi><c:mi>eff</c:mi></c:msub></c:math>. We illustrate our findings with a few examples of new physics particles and provide a computational tool available for further exploration. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Crystalline Order from Glassy Behavior of Charged Rods at Very Low Salt Concentrations.","authors":"Hanna Anop, Laura Dal Compare, Frédéric Nallet, Achille Giacometti, Eric Grelet","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.118101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.118101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Charged colloids can form ordered structures like Wigner crystals or glasses at very low concentrations due to long-range electrostatic repulsions. Here, we combine small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) and optical experiments with simulations to investigate the phase behavior of charged rodlike colloids across a wide range of salt concentrations and packing fractions. At ultralow ionic strength and packing fractions, we reveal both experimentally and numerically a direct transition from a nematic to a crystalline smectic-B phase, previously identified as a glass state. This transition, bypassing the smectic-A intermediate phase, results from minimizing Coulomb repulsion and maximizing entropic gains due to fluctuations in the crystalline structure. This demonstrates how long-range electrostatic repulsion significantly alters the phase behavior of rod-shaped particles and highlights its key role in driving the self-organization of anisotropic particles.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 11","pages":"118101"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraints on Velocity and Spin Dependent Exotic Interaction at the Millimeter Scale with a Diamagnetic-Levitated Force Sensor.","authors":"Kenan Tian, Yuanji Sheng, Rui Li, Lei Wang, Peiran Yin, Shaochun Lin, Dingjiang Long, Chang-Kui Duan, Xi Kong, Pu Huang, Jiangfeng Du","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.111001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.111001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Light bosons, beyond the standard model and as prominent candidates for dark matter, can mediate velocity and spin dependent exotic interaction between electron spins and nucleons. At short ranges, it remains an open challenge to test this exotic interaction with high precision. Here, we present a method based on a diamagnetic-levitated force sensor to detect the exotic interaction at the millimeter scale. Improved constraints for the coupling g_{A}^{e}g_{V}^{N} are established, within the force range spanning from 0.15 to 1.5 mm. The constraint |g_{A}^{e}g_{V}^{N}|≤4.39×10^{-26} at λ=0.5  mm at the 95% confidence level significantly surpasses previous results by more than 3 orders of magnitude. The diamagnetic levitation force measurement system developed here can also be repurposed to probe other exotic spin dependent interactions, such as the exotic spin-spin interaction. This system provides a platform for the exploration of dark matter.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 11","pages":"111001"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ideal Flat and Resolved SU(3) Landau Levels in Three Dimensions.","authors":"Mian Peng, Qiang Wei, Jiale Yuan, Da-Wei Wang, Mou Yan, Han Cai, Gang Chen","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.116601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.116601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Landau levels (LLs) are of great importance for understanding the quantum Hall effect and associated many-body physics. Recently, their three-dimensional (3D) counterparts, i.e., dispersionless 3D LLs with well-defined quantum numbers, have attracted significant attention but have not yet been reported. Here we theoretically propose and experimentally observe 3D LLs with a sharply quantized spectrum in a diamond acoustic lattice, where the eigenstates are characterized by SU(3) quantum numbers. The engineered inhomogeneous hopping strengths not only introduce pseudomagnetic fields that quantize the nodal lines into LLs but also provide three bosonic degrees of freedom, embedding a generic SU(3) symmetry into the LLs. Using a phased array of acoustic sources, we selectively excite distinct eigenstates within the degenerate LL multiplets and visualize their 3D eigenmodes. Importantly, our approach enables the precise reconstruction of SU(3) quantum numbers directly from eigenmode correlations. Our results establish SU(3) LLs as a tractable model in artificial platforms, and pave the way for synthesizing LLs with zero dispersion and countable quantum numbers in arbitrary dimensions.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 11","pages":"116601"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Polarized Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Lithium Niobate Waveguides.","authors":"Caique C Rodrigues, Nick J Schilder, Roberto O Zurita, Letícia S Magalhães, Amirhassan Shams-Ansari, Felipe J L Dos Santos, Otávio M Paiano, Thiago P M Alegre, Marko Lončar, Gustavo S Wiederhecker","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.113601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.113601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report on the experimental demonstration of cross-polarization backward stimulated Brillouin scattering (BSBS) in lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) waveguides. Performing polarization-sensitive pump and probe measurements, we captured both intra- and intermodal scattering between counterpropagating fundamental optical modes. Remarkably, cross-polarization scattering achieved SBS gains that exceeded G_{B}=80  m^{-1} W^{-1}. This substantial gain not only broadens the utility of polarization in SBS but also paves the way for high-performance devices, including ultranarrowband lasers, robust broadband nonreciprocal devices, RF filters, and microwave-to-optical converters.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 11","pages":"113601"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inverse Spin Thermal Hall Effect in Nonreciprocal Photonic Systems.","authors":"P Ben-Abdallah","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.113804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.113804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A transverse radiative heat flux induced by the gradient of spin angular momentum of photons in nonreciprocal systems is predicted. This thermal analog of the inverse spin Hall effect is analyzed in magneto-optical networks exhibiting C4 symmetry, under the action of spatially variable external magnetic fields. This finding opens new avenues for thermal management and energy conversion with nonreciprocal systems through a localized and dynamic control of the spin angular momentum of light.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 11","pages":"113804"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary Advantage of Cell Size Control.","authors":"Spencer Hobson-Gutierrez, Edo Kussell","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.118401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.118401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analyze the advantage of cell size control strategies in growing populations under mortality constraints and show that growth-dependent mortality can select for accurate size control. We determine how mortality, noise, and nongenetic heritability of cell size impact long-term population growth. We derive an analytical expression for the optimal cell size. We demonstrate that size heritability enables selection to act on the distribution of cell sizes in a population to avoid viability thresholds and adapt to size- and growth-dependent mortality landscapes.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 11","pages":"118401"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Many-Body Gap Protection against Motional Dephasing of an Optical Clock Transition.","authors":"Zhijing Niu, Vera M Schäfer, Haoqing Zhang, Cameron Wagner, Nathan R Taylor, Dylan J Young, Eric Yilun Song, Anjun Chu, Ana Maria Rey, James K Thompson","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.113403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.113403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantum simulation and metrology with atoms, ions, and molecules often rely on using light fields to manipulate their internal states. The absorbed momentum from the light fields can induce spin-orbit coupling and associated motional-induced (Doppler) dephasing, which may limit the coherence time available for metrology and simulation. We experimentally demonstrate the suppression of Doppler dephasing on a strontium optical clock transition by enabling atomic interactions through a shared mode in a high-finesse optical ring cavity. The interactions create a many-body energy gap that increases with atom number, suppressing motional dephasing when it surpasses the dephasing energy scale. This collective approach offers an alternative to traditional methods, like Lamb-Dicke confinement or Mössbauer spectroscopy, for advancing optical quantum sensors and simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 11","pages":"113403"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143796206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}