Physical review letters最新文献

{"title":"Deterministic Generation of Frequency-Bin-Encoded Microwave Photons","authors":"Jiaying Yang, Maryam Khanahmadi, Ingrid Strandberg, Akshay Gaikwad, Claudia Castillo-Moreno, Anton Frisk Kockum, Muhammad Asad Ullah, Göran Johansson, Axel Martin Eriksson, Simone Gasparinetti","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.240803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.240803","url":null,"abstract":"A distributed quantum computing network requires a quantum communication channel between spatially separated processing units. In superconducting circuits, such a channel can be implemented based on propagating microwave photons to encode and transfer quantum information between an emitter and a receiver. However, traveling microwave photons can be lost during the transmission, leading to the failure of information transfer. Heralding protocols can be used to detect such photon losses. In this Letter, we propose such a protocol and experimentally demonstrate a frequency-bin encoding method of microwave photonic modes using superconducting circuits. We deterministically encode the quantum information from a superconducting qubit by simultaneously emitting its information into two photonic modes at different frequencies, with a process fidelity of 94.9%. The frequency-bin-encoded photonic modes can be used, at the receiver processor, to detect the occurrence of photon loss. Our Letter thus provides a reliable method to implement high-fidelity quantum state transfer in a distributed quantum computing network, incorporating error detection to enhance performance and accuracy. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Essay: Emergent Holographic Spacetime from Quantum Information","authors":"Tadashi Takayanagi","doi":"10.1103/pg4r-fy8n","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/pg4r-fy8n","url":null,"abstract":"Holographic duality describes gravitational theories in terms of quantum many-body systems. In holography, quantum information theory provides a crucial tool that directly connects microscopic structures of these systems to the geometries of gravitational spacetimes. One manifestation is that the entanglement entropy in quantum many-body systems can be calculated from the area of an extremal surface in the corresponding gravitational spacetime. This implies that a gravitational spacetime can emerge from an enormous number of entangled qubits. In this Essay, I will discuss open problems in this area of research, considering recent developments and outlining future prospects towards a complete understanding of quantum gravity. The first step in this direction is to understand what kind of quantum circuits each holographic spacetime corresponds to, drawing on recent developments in quantum complexity theories and studying concrete examples of holography in string theory. Next, we should extend the concept of holography to general spacetimes, e.g., those spacetimes which appear in realistic cosmologies, by utilizing the connections between quantum information and holography. To address the fundamental question of how time emerges, I will propose the concepts of pseudoentropy and timelike entanglement as a useful tool in our exploration. <jats:supplementary-material><jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement><jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year></jats:permissions></jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of Qubit Cellular Automata on Hypercubic Lattices","authors":"Andrea Pizzamiglio, Alessandro Bisio, Paolo Perinotti","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.240601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.240601","url":null,"abstract":"We classify quantum cellular automata whose cells are qubits, on hypercubic lattices Z</a:mi>s</a:mi></a:msup></a:math>, with the von Neumann neighborhood scheme, in terms of realizability as finite-depth quantum circuits. We show the most general structure of such automata and use its characterisation to simulate a few steps of evolution and evaluate the rate of entanglement production between one cell and its surroundings. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acceleration of Positive Muons by a Radio-Frequency Cavity","authors":"S. Aritome, K. Futatsukawa, H. Hara, K. Hayasaka, Y. Ibaraki, T. Ichikawa, T. Iijima, H. Iinuma, Y. Ikedo, Y. Imai, K. Inami, K. Ishida, S. Kamal, S. Kamioka, N. Kawamura, M. Kimura, A. Koda, S. Koji, K. Kojima, A. Kondo, Y. Kondo, M. Kuzuba, R. Matsushita, T. Mibe, Y. Miyamoto, J. G. Nakamura, Y. Nakazawa, S. Ogawa, Y. Okazaki, A. Olin, M. Otani, S. Oyama, N. Saito, H. Sato, T. Sato, Y. Sato, K. Shimomura, Z. Shioya, P. Strasser, S. Sugiyama, K. Sumi, K. Suzuki, Y. Takeuchi, M. Tanida, J. Tojo, K. Ueda, S. Uetake, X. H. Xie, M. Yamada, S. Yamamoto, T. Yamazaki, K. Yamura, M. Yoshida, T. Yoshioka, M. Yotsuzuka","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.245001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.245001","url":null,"abstract":"Acceleration of positive muons from thermal energy to 100 keV has been demonstrated. Thermal muons were generated by resonant multiphoton ionization of muonium atoms emitted from a sheet of laser-ablated aerogel. The thermal muons were first electrostatically accelerated to 5.7 keV, followed by further acceleration to 100 keV using a radio-frequency quadrupole with an intensity of 2</a:mn>×</a:mo>10</a:mn></a:mrow>−</a:mo>3</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msup></a:mrow></a:mtext></a:mtext>μ</a:mi></a:mrow>+</a:mo></a:mrow></a:msup></a:mrow>/</a:mo>pulse</a:mi></a:mrow></a:mrow></a:math>. The transverse normalized rms emittance of the accelerated muons in the horizontal and vertical planes were <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mn>0.85</c:mn><c:mo>±</c:mo><c:mn>0.25</c:mn><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</c:mo><c:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">s</c:mi><c:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">t</c:mi><c:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">a</c:mi><c:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">t</c:mi><c:msubsup><c:mrow><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</c:mo></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mo>−</c:mo><c:mn>0.13</c:mn></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mo>+</c:mo><c:mn>0.22</c:mn></c:mrow></c:msubsup><c:mrow><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</c:mo><c:mi>syst</c:mi><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</c:mo></c:mrow><c:mtext> </c:mtext><c:mtext> </c:mtext><c:mtext> </c:mtext></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mi>π</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mtext> </c:mtext><c:mi>mm</c:mi><c:mtext> </c:mtext><c:mi>mrad</c:mi></c:mrow></c:mrow></c:math> and <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:mrow><m:mrow><m:mn>0.32</m:mn><m:mo>±</m:mo><m:mn>0.03</m:mn><m:msubsup><m:mrow><m:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</m:mo><m:mi>stat</m:mi><m:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</m:mo></m:mrow><m:mrow><m:mo>−</m:mo><m:mn>0.02</m:mn></m:mrow><m:mrow><m:mo>+</m:mo><m:mn>0.05</m:mn></m:mrow></m:msubsup><m:mrow><m:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</m:mo><m:mi>syst</m:mi><m:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</m:mo></m:mrow><m:mtext> </m:mtext><m:mtext> </m:mtext></m:mrow><m:mtext> </m:mtext><m:mrow><m:mi>π</m:mi><m:mtext> </m:mtext><m:mi>mm</m:mi><m:mtext> </m:mtext><m:mi>mrad</m:mi></m:mrow></m:mrow></m:math>, respectively. The measured emittance values demonstrated phase-space reduction by a factor of <s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><s:mn>2.0</s:mn><s:mo>×</s:mo><s:msup><s:mn>10</s:mn><s:mn>2</s:mn></s:msup></s:math> (horizontal) and <u:math xmlns:u=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><u:mn>4.1</u:mn><u:mo>×</u:mo><u:msup><u:mn>10</u:mn><u:mn>2</u:mn></u:msup></u:math> (vertical) allowing good acceleration efficiency. These results pave the way to realize the first-ever muon accelerator for a variety of applications in particle physics, material science, and other fields. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site-Resolved Near-Surface Cation Diffusion in Magnetite","authors":"Steffen Tober, Jan-Christian Schober, Marcus Creutzburg, Esko Erik Beck, Guilherme Dalla Lana Semione, Simon Chung, Leon Jacobse, Björn Arndt, Alina Vlad, René Steinbrügge, Hans-Christian Wille, Ilya Sergueev, Heshmat Noei, Kai Schlage, Olaf Leupold, Vedran Vonk, Andreas Stierle","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.236203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.236203","url":null,"abstract":"nuclear forward scattering shows a thermally induced cation exchange between a Fe</a:mi></a:mrow>57</a:mn></a:mrow></a:mmultiscripts></a:mrow>3</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msub>O</a:mi>4</a:mn></a:msub></a:math> thin-film and a <d:math xmlns:d=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><d:msub><d:mi>Fe</d:mi><d:mn>3</d:mn></d:msub><d:msub><d:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</d:mi><d:mn>4</d:mn></d:msub></d:math> (001) substrate predominantly in the octahedral sublattice for a temperature range between 470 and 710 K. The overall activation barrier in this temperature range is found to be <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mrow><g:mn>19</g:mn><g:mo>±</g:mo><g:mn>32</g:mn><g:mtext> </g:mtext><g:mtext> </g:mtext><g:mi>kJ</g:mi><g:mo>/</g:mo><g:mi>mol</g:mi></g:mrow></g:math>, which is significantly lower than expected from extrapolating a bulk diffusion model. This observation can be attributed to the large out-of-equilibrium cation deficit as determined by surface x-ray diffraction. Despite the relatively low hopping barrier, the diffusion constant is about 5 orders of magnitude lower than expected for magnetite having an equilibrium cation stoichiometry. The results are relevant for applications relying on the near-surface structure and stoichiometry of magnetite, and we argue that the correlation between cation diffusion and stoichiometry may play a role for a wider range of oxide materials. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144288438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low Energy Limit of Banks-Fischler-Shenker-Susskind Quantum Mechanics","authors":"Óscar J. C. Dias, Jorge E. Santos","doi":"10.1103/wws8-m34w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/wws8-m34w","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the low energy regime of BFSS quantum mechanics using its holographic dual. We identify three distinct thermodynamic phases (black holes) and analyze their thermodynamic properties extensively, including phase transitions amongst the several phases. While the properties of the canonical ensemble aligns with existing conjectures on BFSS thermodynamics, we uncover intriguing and unexpected behavior in the microcanonical ensemble. Specifically, for sufficiently low energies, we observe the dominance of the localized phase. Surprisingly, we also identify an energy range where the non-uniform phase becomes dominant. The transition between these phases is mediated by a Kol-type topology-changing phenomenon. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144278247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Signatures of Pressure-Induced Multicomponent Superconductivity in UTe2","authors":"Zheyu Wu, Jiasheng Chen, Theodore I. Weinberger, Andrej Cabala, Vladimír Sechovský, Michal Vališka, Patricia L. Alireza, Alexander G. Eaton, F. Malte Grosche","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.236501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.236501","url":null,"abstract":"The phase diagram of the heavy fermion compound UTe</a:mi></a:mrow>2</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msub></a:mrow></a:math> contains multiple superconducting phases, several of which show characteristics of odd-parity pairing. We have investigated the pressure dependence of the superconducting transition in high-quality crystals of <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mrow><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>UTe</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mn>2</c:mn></c:mrow></c:msub></c:mrow></c:math> by tracking its signature in the magnetic susceptibility <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>χ</e:mi><e:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</e:mo><e:mi>T</e:mi><e:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</e:mo></e:math>. A single, sharp superconducting transition is observed at low pressures <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mrow><i:mo>&lt;</i:mo><i:mn>0.3</i:mn><i:mtext> </i:mtext><i:mtext> </i:mtext><i:mrow><i:mi>GPa</i:mi></i:mrow></i:mrow></i:math>. At higher pressure, a second feature emerges in <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><k:mi>χ</k:mi><k:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</k:mo><k:mi>T</k:mi><k:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</k:mo></k:math>, which is located at the lower-temperature superconducting phase boundary previously identified in specific heat measurements. This second transition anomaly in <o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><o:mi>χ</o:mi><o:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</o:mo><o:mi>T</o:mi><o:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</o:mo></o:math> can be attributed to a step change in the London penetration depth, providing direct evidence for a change in the superconducting order parameter of <s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><s:mrow><s:msub><s:mrow><s:mi>UTe</s:mi></s:mrow><s:mrow><s:mn>2</s:mn></s:mrow></s:msub></s:mrow></s:math>. Thermodynamic constraints suggest that the low temperature, high pressure superconducting state is distinct from zero pressure superconductivity as well as from the high pressure, high temperature superconducting state, raising the possibility of multicomponent superconductivity in high pressure <u:math xmlns:u=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><u:mrow><u:msub><u:mrow><u:mi>UTe</u:mi></u:mrow><u:mrow><u:mn>2</u:mn></u:mrow></u:msub></u:mrow></u:math>. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144260073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear Calcium King Plot Constrains New Bosons and Nuclear Properties","authors":"Alexander Wilzewski, Lukas J. Spieß, Malte Wehrheim, Shuying Chen, Steven A. King, Peter Micke, Melina Filzinger, Martin R. Steinel, Nils Huntemann, Erik Benkler, Piet O. Schmidt, Luca I. Huber, Jeremy Flannery, Roland Matt, Martin Stadler, Robin Oswald, Fabian Schmid, Daniel Kienzler, Jonathan Home, Diana P. L. Aude Craik, Menno Door, Sergey Eliseev, Pavel Filianin, Jost Herkenhoff, Kathrin Kromer, Klaus Blaum, Vladimir A. Yerokhin, Igor A. Valuev, Natalia S. Oreshkina, Chunhai Lyu, Sreya Banerjee, Christoph H. Keitel, Zoltán Harman, Julian C. Berengut, Anna Viatkina, Jan Gilles, Andrey Surzhykov, Michael K. Rosner, José R. Crespo López-Urrutia, Jan Richter, Agnese Mariotti, Elina Fuchs","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.233002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.233002","url":null,"abstract":"Nonlinearities in King plots (KP) of isotope shifts (IS) can reveal the existence of beyond-standard-model (BSM) interactions that couple electrons and neutrons. However, it is crucial to distinguish higher-order standard model (SM) effects from BSM physics. We measure the IS of the transitions P&lt;/a:mi&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;3&lt;/a:mn&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;&lt;/a:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;0&lt;/a:mn&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;&lt;/a:msub&gt;→&lt;/a:mo&gt;P&lt;/a:mi&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;3&lt;/a:mn&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;&lt;/a:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;1&lt;/a:mn&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;&lt;/a:msub&gt;&lt;/a:mrow&gt;&lt;/a:math&gt; in &lt;d:math xmlns:d=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;d:mrow&gt;&lt;d:msup&gt;&lt;d:mrow&gt;&lt;d:mi&gt;Ca&lt;/d:mi&gt;&lt;/d:mrow&gt;&lt;d:mrow&gt;&lt;d:mn&gt;14&lt;/d:mn&gt;&lt;d:mo&gt;+&lt;/d:mo&gt;&lt;/d:mrow&gt;&lt;/d:msup&gt;&lt;/d:mrow&gt;&lt;/d:math&gt; and &lt;f:math xmlns:f=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:msub&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mi&gt;S&lt;/f:mi&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mprescripts/&gt;&lt;f:none/&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mn&gt;2&lt;/f:mn&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;/f:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mn&gt;1&lt;/f:mn&gt;&lt;f:mo&gt;/&lt;/f:mo&gt;&lt;f:mn&gt;2&lt;/f:mn&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;/f:msub&gt;&lt;f:mo stretchy=\"false\"&gt;→&lt;/f:mo&gt;&lt;f:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:msub&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mi&gt;D&lt;/f:mi&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mn&gt;5&lt;/f:mn&gt;&lt;f:mo&gt;/&lt;/f:mo&gt;&lt;f:mn&gt;2&lt;/f:mn&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;/f:msub&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mprescripts/&gt;&lt;f:none/&gt;&lt;f:mrow&gt;&lt;f:mn&gt;2&lt;/f:mn&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;/f:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;/f:mrow&gt;&lt;/f:math&gt; in &lt;i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;i:msup&gt;&lt;i:mi&gt;Ca&lt;/i:mi&gt;&lt;i:mo&gt;+&lt;/i:mo&gt;&lt;/i:msup&gt;&lt;/i:math&gt; with sub-Hz precision as well as the nuclear mass ratios with relative uncertainties below &lt;k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;k:mn&gt;4&lt;/k:mn&gt;&lt;k:mo&gt;×&lt;/k:mo&gt;&lt;k:msup&gt;&lt;k:mn&gt;10&lt;/k:mn&gt;&lt;k:mrow&gt;&lt;k:mo&gt;−&lt;/k:mo&gt;&lt;k:mn&gt;11&lt;/k:mn&gt;&lt;/k:mrow&gt;&lt;/k:msup&gt;&lt;/k:math&gt; for the five stable, even isotopes of calcium (&lt;m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;m:mrow&gt;&lt;m:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;m:mrow&gt;&lt;m:mi&gt;Ca&lt;/m:mi&gt;&lt;/m:mrow&gt;&lt;m:mprescripts/&gt;&lt;m:none/&gt;&lt;m:mrow&gt;&lt;m:mn&gt;40&lt;/m:mn&gt;&lt;m:mo&gt;,&lt;/m:mo&gt;&lt;m:mn&gt;42&lt;/m:mn&gt;&lt;m:mo&gt;,&lt;/m:mo&gt;&lt;m:mn&gt;44&lt;/m:mn&gt;&lt;m:mo&gt;,&lt;/m:mo&gt;&lt;m:mn&gt;46&lt;/m:mn&gt;&lt;m:mo&gt;,&lt;/m:mo&gt;&lt;m:mn&gt;48&lt;/m:mn&gt;&lt;/m:mrow&gt;&lt;/m:mmultiscripts&gt;&lt;/m:mrow&gt;&lt;/m:math&gt;). Combined, these measurements yield a calcium KP nonlinearity with a significance of &lt;o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;o:mo&gt;∼&lt;/o:mo&gt;&lt;o:msup&gt;&lt;o:mn&gt;10&lt;/o:mn&gt;&lt;o:mn&gt;3&lt;/o:mn&gt;&lt;/o:msup&gt;&lt;o:mi&gt;σ&lt;/o:mi&gt;&lt;/o:math&gt;. Precision calculations show that the nonlinearity cannot be fully accounted for by the expected largest higher-order SM effect, the second-order mass shift, and identify the little-studied nuclear polarization as the only remaining SM contribution that may be large enough to explain it. Despite the observed nonlinearity, we improve existing KP-based constraints on a hypothetical Yukawa interaction for most of the new boson masses between &lt;q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"&gt;&lt;q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mn&gt;10&lt;/q:mn&gt;&lt;q:mtext&gt; &lt;/q:mtext&gt;&lt;q:mtext&gt; &lt;/q:mtext&gt;&lt;q:mi&gt;eV&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;q:mo&gt;/&lt;/q:mo&gt;&lt;q:msup&gt;&lt;q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mi mathvariant=\"normal\"&gt;c&lt;/q:mi&gt;&lt;/q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mrow&gt;&lt;q:mn&gt;2&lt;/q:mn&gt;&lt;/q:mrow&gt;&lt;/q:msup&gt;&lt;/q:mrow&gt;&lt;/","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"588 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully Independent Response in Disordered Solids","authors":"Mengjie Zu, Aayush Desai, Carl P. Goodrich","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.238201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.238201","url":null,"abstract":"Unlike in crystals, it is difficult to trace emergent material properties of amorphous solids to their underlying structure. Nevertheless, one can tune features of a disordered spring network, ranging from bulk elastic constants to specific allosteric responses, through highly precise alterations of the structure. This has been understood through the notion of independent bond-level response—the observation that, in many cases, different springs have different effects on different properties. While this idea has motivated inverse design in numerous contexts, it has not been formalized and quantified in a general context that not just informs but enables and predicts inverse design. Here, we show how to quantify independent response by linearizing the simultaneous change in multiple emergent features, and introduce the much stronger notion of fully independent response. Remarkably, we find that the mechanical properties of disordered solids are always fully independent across a wide array of scenarios, regardless of the target features, tunable parameters, system size, dimensionality, and class of interactions. Furthermore, our formulation quantifies the susceptibility of features to parameter changes, which is correlated with the maximum linear tunability. We also demonstrate the implications for multifeature inverse design beyond the linear regime. These results formalize our understanding of a key fundamental difference between ordered and disordered solids while also creating a practical tool to both understand and perform inverse design. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144252659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhomogeneous Quantum Quenches of Conformal Field Theory with Boundaries.","authors":"Xinyu Liu,Alexander McDonald,Tokiro Numasawa,Biao Lian,Shinsei Ryu","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.220404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.220404","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a method to calculate generic time-dependent correlation functions for inhomogeneous quantum quenches in (1+1)-dimensional conformal field theory (CFT) induced by sudden Hamiltonian deformations that modulate the energy density inhomogeneously. Our Letter particularly focuses on the effects of spatial boundaries, which have remained unresolved by previous analytical methods. For generic postquench Hamiltonian, we develop a generic method to calculate the correlations by mirroring the system, which otherwise are Euclidean path integrals in complicated spacetime geometries difficult to calculate. On the other hand, for a special class of inhomogeneous postquench Hamiltonians, including the Möbius and sine-square-deformation Hamiltonians, we show that the quantum quenches exhibit simple boundary effects calculable from Euclidean path integrals in a straightforward strip spacetime geometry. Applying our method to the time evolution of entanglement entropy, we find that, for generic cases, the entanglement entropy shows discontinuities (shockwave fronts) propagating from the boundaries. In contrast, such discontinuities are absent in cases with simple boundary effects. We verify that our generic CFT formula matches well with numerical calculations from free-fermion tight-binding models for various quench scenarios.","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"20 1","pages":"220404"},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144370276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}