Physical review letters最新文献

Qudit Shadow Estimation Based on the Clifford Group and the Power of a Single Magic Gate

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-21 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.160801

Chengsi Mao, Changhao Yi, Huangjun Zhu

{"title":"Qudit Shadow Estimation Based on the Clifford Group and the Power of a Single Magic Gate","authors":"Chengsi Mao, Changhao Yi, Huangjun Zhu","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.160801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.160801","url":null,"abstract":"Shadow estimation is a sample-efficient protocol for learning the properties of a quantum system using randomized measurements, but the current understanding of qudit shadow estimation is quite limited compared with the qubit setting. Here, we clarify the sample complexity of qudit shadow estimation based on the Clifford group, where the local dimension d</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math> is an odd prime. Notably, we show that the overhead of qudit shadow estimation over the qubit counterpart is only <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mrow><c:mi mathvariant=\"script\">O</c:mi><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</c:mo><c:mi>d</c:mi><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</c:mo></c:mrow></c:math>, which is independent of the qudit number <h:math xmlns:h=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><h:mi>n</h:mi></h:math>, although the set of stabilizer states may deviate exponentially from a 3-design with respect to the third moment operator. Furthermore, by adding one layer of magic gates, we propose a simple circuit that can significantly boost the efficiency. Actually, a single magic gate can already eliminate the <j:math xmlns:j=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><j:mi mathvariant=\"script\">O</j:mi><j:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</j:mo><j:mi>d</j:mi><j:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</j:mo></j:math> overhead in qudit shadow estimation and bridge the gap from the qubit setting. Published by the American Physical Society 2025 ","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum Liang Information Flow Probe of Causality across Critical Points

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-18 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.150202

Roopayan Ghosh, Bin Yi, Sougato Bose

{"title":"Quantum Liang Information Flow Probe of Causality across Critical Points","authors":"Roopayan Ghosh, Bin Yi, Sougato Bose","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.150202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.150202","url":null,"abstract":"Investigating causation in the quantum domain is crucial. Despite numerous studies of correlations in quantum many-body systems, causation, which is very distinct from correlations, has hardly been studied. We address this by demonstrating the efficacy of the newly established causation measure, quantum Liang information flow, in quantifying causality across phase diagrams of quantum many-body systems. We focus on quantum criticality, which are highly nonclassical points. We extract causation behavior across a spectrum-wide critical point and a ground state second-order phase transition in both integrable and nonintegrable systems. Across criticality, each case exhibits distinct hallmarks, different from correlation measures. We also deduce that quantum causation qualitatively follows the quasiparticle picture of information propagation in integrable systems but exhibits enhanced quantum nonlocality near criticality. At times significantly larger than the spatial separation, it extracts additional features from the equilibrium wave function, leading to a peak just before the critical point for near boundary sites. Published by the American Physical Society 2025 ","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Axion Detection Experiments Can Probe Majoron Models

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.151803

Qiuyue Liang, Xavier Ponce Díaz, Tsutomu T. Yanagida

引用次数: 0

Universality in the Near-Side Energy-Energy Correlator 近侧能量-能量相关器的普遍性

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.151901

Xiaohui Liu, Werner Vogelsang, Feng Yuan, Hua Xing Zhu

{"title":"Universality in the Near-Side Energy-Energy Correlator","authors":"Xiaohui Liu, Werner Vogelsang, Feng Yuan, Hua Xing Zhu","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.151901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.151901","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the energy-energy correlator (EEC) of hadrons produced on the same side in e</a:mi></a:mrow>+</a:mo></a:mrow></a:msup>e</a:mi></a:mrow>−</a:mo></a:mrow></a:msup></a:mrow></a:math> annihilation or in leading jets in <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mrow><c:mi>p</c:mi><c:mi>p</c:mi></c:mrow></c:math> collisions. We observe a remarkable universality of the correlator. Using a nonperturbative transverse momentum dependent (TMD) fragmentation function to model the transition from the “free-hadron” region to the perturbative collinear region, we are able to describe the near-side shapes and peaks over a wide range of energy for both the <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:msup><e:mi>e</e:mi><e:mo>+</e:mo></e:msup><e:msup><e:mi>e</e:mi><e:mo>−</e:mo></e:msup></e:math> annihilation and the <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mi>p</g:mi><g:mi>p</g:mi></g:math> jet substructure measurements in terms of just two parameters. We present further predictions for the ratio of the projected three-point energy correlator to the EEC. The excellent agreement between our calculations and the experimental data may provide new insights into the role of nonperturbative physics for EECs, and suggests the possibility of exploring nonperturbative TMDs using theoretical tools developed for the energy correlators. Published by the American Physical Society 2025 ","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"137 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controlling the Polarization and Vortex Charge of γ Photons via Nonlinear Compton Scattering 通过非线性康普顿散射控制 γ 光子的偏振和涡旋电荷

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.153802

Jing-Jing Jiang, Kai-Hong Zhuang, Jia-Ding Chen, Jian-Xing Li, Yue-Yue Chen

{"title":"Controlling the Polarization and Vortex Charge of γ Photons via Nonlinear Compton Scattering","authors":"Jing-Jing Jiang, Kai-Hong Zhuang, Jia-Ding Chen, Jian-Xing Li, Yue-Yue Chen","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.153802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.153802","url":null,"abstract":"High-energy vortex γ</a:mi></a:math> photons have significant applications in many fields. However, their generation and angular momentum manipulation are still great challenges. Here, we first investigated the generation of vortex <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>γ</c:mi></c:math> photons with controllable spin and orbital angular momenta via nonlinear Compton scattering of two-color counter-rotating circularly polarized (<e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mrow><e:mi>C</e:mi><e:mi>P</e:mi></e:mrow></e:math>) laser fields. The radiation probabilities of vortex photons are calculated using the semiclassical approach that resolves angular momenta of emitted photons. We find that the angular momenta transferred to emitted photons are determined by the dominating photon absorption channel, leading to a structured spectrum with alternations in helicity and twist directions. By tuning the relative intensity ratio of the two-color <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mrow><g:mi>C</g:mi><g:mi>P</g:mi></g:mrow></g:math> laser fields, the polarization and vortex charge of the emitted <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mi>γ</i:mi></i:math> photons can be controlled, enabling the generation of <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><k:mrow><k:mi>C</k:mi><k:mi>P</k:mi></k:mrow></k:math> vortex <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:mi>γ</m:mi></m:math> photons with a user-defined polarization and topological charge, which may have multiple applications in nuclear physics, astrophysics, particle physics, etc. Published by the American Physical Society 2025 ","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global Symmetries, Code Ensembles, and Sums over Geometries 全局对称性、代码集合和几何求和

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.151603

Ahmed Barbar, Anatoly Dymarsky, Alfred D. Shapere

{"title":"Global Symmetries, Code Ensembles, and Sums over Geometries","authors":"Ahmed Barbar, Anatoly Dymarsky, Alfred D. Shapere","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.151603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.151603","url":null,"abstract":"We consider Abelian topological quantum field theories (TQFTs) in 3D and show that gaugings of invertible global symmetries naturally give rise to additive codes. These codes emerge as nonanomalous subgroups of the 1-form symmetry group, parametrizing the fusion rules of condensable TQFT anyons. The boundary theories dual to TQFTs with a maximal symmetry subgroup gauged, i.e., with the corresponding anyons condensed, are “code” conformal field theories (CFTs). This observation bridges together, in the holographic sense, results on 1-form symmetries of 3D TQFTs with developments connecting codes to 2D CFTs. Building on this relationship, we proceed to consider the ensemble of maximal gaugings (topological boundary conditions) in a general, not necessarily Abelian 3D TQFT, and propose that the resulting ensemble of boundary CFTs has a holographic description as a gravitational theory: the bulk TQFT summed over topologies. Published by the American Physical Society 2025 ","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Generation of Neutron Airy Beams

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-17 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.153401

Dusan Sarenac, Owen Lailey, Melissa E. Henderson, Huseyin Ekinci, Charles W. Clark, David G. Cory, Lisa DeBeer-Schmitt, Michael G. Huber, Jonathan S. White, Kirill Zhernenkov, Dmitry A. Pushin

引用次数: 0

Cooling the Shock: New Supernova Constraints on Dark Photons

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-16 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.151002

Andrea Caputo, Hans-Thomas Janka, Georg Raffelt, Seokhoon Yun

引用次数: 0

Non-Hermitian Topology in Multiterminal Superconducting Junctions

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.156601

David Christian Ohnmacht, Valentin Wilhelm, Hannes Weisbrich, Wolfgang Belzig

引用次数: 0

Accessing Universal Relations of Binary Neutron Star Waveforms in Massive Scalar-Tensor Theory

IF 8.6 1区物理与天体物理

Physical review letters Pub Date : 2025-04-15 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.134.151402

Alan Tsz-Lok Lam, Yong Gao, Hao-Jui Kuan, Masaru Shibata, Karim Van Aelst, Kenta Kiuchi

{"title":"Accessing Universal Relations of Binary Neutron Star Waveforms in Massive Scalar-Tensor Theory","authors":"Alan Tsz-Lok Lam, Yong Gao, Hao-Jui Kuan, Masaru Shibata, Karim Van Aelst, Kenta Kiuchi","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.151402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.151402","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate how the quasiuniversal relations connecting tidal deformability with gravitational waveform characteristics and/or properties of individual neutron stars that were proposed in the literature within general relativity would be influenced in the massive Damour-Esposito-Farese-type scalar-tensor gravity. For this purpose, we systematically perform numerical relativity simulations of ∼</a:mo>120</a:mn></a:mrow></a:math> binary neutron-star mergers with varying scalar coupling constants. Although only three neutron-star equations of state are adopted, a clear breach of universality can be observed in the datasets. In addition to presenting difficulties in constructing quasiuniversal relations in alternative gravity theories, we also briefly compare the impacts of non-general-relativity physics on the waveform features and those due to the first order or cross-over quantum chromodynamical phase transition. Published by the American Physical Society 2025 ","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0