Physical review letters最新文献

{"title":"T Duality and TT¯ -like Deformations of Sigma Models","authors":"Daniele Bielli, Christian Ferko, Liam Smith, Gabriele Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.101601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.101601","url":null,"abstract":"We initiate the study of the interplay between T duality and classical stress tensor deformations in two-dimensional sigma models. We first show that a general Abelian T duality commutes with the T</a:mi>T</a:mi>¯</a:mo></a:mover></a:math> deformation, which can be engineered by a gravitational dressing. Then, by using an auxiliary field formulation of stress tensor deformations of the principal chiral model (PCM), we prove that non-Abelian T duality and arbitrary <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>T</e:mi><e:mover accent=\"true\"><e:mi>T</e:mi><e:mo stretchy=\"false\">¯</e:mo></e:mover></e:math>-like flows also commute for theories in this class. We argue that all such auxiliary field deformations of both the PCM and its T dual are classically integrable. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zero-Energy Photoelectric Effect","authors":"Sajad Azizi, Ulf Saalmann, Jan M. Rost","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.103201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.103201","url":null,"abstract":"We predict a near-threshold (“zero energy”) peak in multiphoton ionization for a dynamical regime where the photon frequency is large compared to the binding energy of the electron. The peak position does not depend on the laser frequency but on the binding energy and the pulse duration. The effect originates from the fact that bound-continuum dipole transitions are stronger than continuum-continuum ones. To clearly observe this zero-energy photoelectric effect, the spectral width of the laser pulse should be comparable to the binding energy of the ionized orbital, and the second ionization potential should be larger than the photon energy. This suggests negative ions as ideal candidates for corresponding experiments. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unifying Theory of Scaling in Drop Impact: Forces and Maximum Spreading Diameter","authors":"Vatsal Sanjay, Detlef Lohse","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.104003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.104003","url":null,"abstract":"The dynamics of drop impact on a rigid surface strongly depends on the droplet’s velocity, its size, and its material properties. The main characteristics are the droplet’s force exerted on the surface and its maximal spreading radius. The crucial question is how do they depend on the (dimensionless) control parameters, which are the Weber number W</a:mi>e</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math> (nondimensionalized kinetic energy) and the Ohnesorge number <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mrow><c:mi>O</c:mi><c:mi>h</c:mi></c:mrow></c:math> (dimensionless viscosity). Here, we perform direct numerical simulations over the huge parameter range <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mrow><e:mn>1</e:mn><e:mo>≤</e:mo><e:mi>W</e:mi><e:mi>e</e:mi><e:mo>≤</e:mo><e:msup><e:mrow><e:mn>10</e:mn></e:mrow><e:mrow><e:mn>3</e:mn></e:mrow></e:msup></e:mrow></e:math> and <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mrow><g:msup><g:mrow><g:mn>10</g:mn></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mo>−</g:mo><g:mn>3</g:mn></g:mrow></g:msup><g:mo>≤</g:mo><g:mi>O</g:mi><g:mi>h</g:mi><g:mo>≤</g:mo><g:msup><g:mrow><g:mn>10</g:mn></g:mrow><g:mrow><g:mn>2</g:mn></g:mrow></g:msup></g:mrow></g:math> and in particular develop a unifying theoretical approach, which is inspired by the Grossmann-Lohse theory for wall-bounded turbulence [Grossmann and Lohse, ; ]. The key idea is to split the energy dissipation rate into the different phases of the impact process, in which different physical mechanisms dominate. The theory can consistently and quantitatively account for the <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mrow><i:mi>W</i:mi><i:mi>e</i:mi></i:mrow></i:math> and <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><k:mrow><k:mi>O</k:mi><k:mi>h</k:mi></k:mrow></k:math> dependences of the maximal impact force and the maximal spreading diameter over the huge parameter space. It also clarifies why viscous dissipation plays a significant role during impact, even for low-viscosity droplets (low <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:mi>O</m:mi><m:mi>h</m:mi></m:math>), in contrast to what had been assumed in some prior theories. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"17 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metadensity Functional Theory for Classical Fluids: Extracting the Pair Potential","authors":"Stefanie M. Kampa, Florian Sammüller, Matthias Schmidt, Robert Evans","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.107301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.107301","url":null,"abstract":"The excess free energy functional of classical density functional theory depends upon the type of fluid model, specifically on the choice of (pair) potential. This functional is unknown in general and is approximated reliably only in special cases. We present a machine learning scheme for training a neural network that acts as a generic metadensity functional for truncated but otherwise arbitrary pair potentials. Automatic differentiation and neural functional calculus then yield, for one-dimensional fluids, accurate predictions for inhomogeneous states and immediate access to the pair distribution function. The approach provides a means of addressing a fundamental problem in the physics of liquids and for soft matter design: “How do we best invert structural data to obtain the pair potential?” <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143598986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical Scaling and Planckian Dissipation Due to Heavy-Fermion Quantum Criticality","authors":"Andreas Gleis, Seung-Sup B. Lee, Gabriel Kotliar, Jan von Delft","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.106501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.106501","url":null,"abstract":"We study dynamical scaling associated with a Kondo-breakdown quantum-critical point (KB QCP) of the periodic Anderson model, treated by two-site cellular dynamical mean-field theory (2CDMFT). In the quantum-critical region, the dynamical staggered-spin susceptibility exhibits ω</a:mi>/</a:mo>T</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math> scaling. We propose a scaling ansatz that describes this behavior and reveals Planckian dissipation for the longest-lived excitations. The current susceptibility follows the same scaling, leading to strange-metal behavior for the optical conductivity and resistivity. Importantly, this behavior is driven by strong short-ranged vertex contributions, not single-particle decay. This suggests that the KB QCP described by 2CDMFT is a novel (i.e., disorder-free) strange-metal fixed point. Our results for the optical conductivity match experimental observations on <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mrow><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>YbRh</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mn>2</c:mn></c:mrow></c:msub><c:msub><c:mrow><c:mi>Si</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mn>2</c:mn></c:mrow></c:msub></c:mrow></c:math> and <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mrow><e:msub><e:mrow><e:mi>CeCoIn</e:mi></e:mrow><e:mrow><e:mn>5</e:mn></e:mrow></e:msub></e:mrow></e:math>. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143590199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anomalous Ionization in the Central Molecular Zone by Sub-GeV Dark Matter","authors":"Pedro De la Torre Luque, Shyam Balaji, Joseph Silk","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.101001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.101001","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate that the anomalous ionization rate observed in the Central Molecular Zone can be attributed to MeV dark matter annihilations into e</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msup>e</a:mi>−</a:mo></a:msup></a:math> pairs for galactic dark matter profiles with slopes <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>γ</c:mi><c:mo>&gt;</c:mo><c:mn>1</c:mn></c:math>. The low annihilation cross sections required avoid cosmological constraints and imply no detectable inverse Compton, bremsstrahlung, or synchrotron emission in radio, x- and <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>γ</e:mi></e:math> rays. The possible connection with the source of the unexplained 511 keV line emission in the Galactic Center suggests that both observations could be correlated and have a common origin. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143590169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domain-Wall Ferroelectric Polarons in a Two-Dimensional Rotor Lattice Model","authors":"Florian Kluibenschedl, Georgios M. Koutentakis, Ragheed Alhyder, Mikhail Lemeshko","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.096302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.096302","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the formation of ferroelectric domain-wall polarons in a minimal two-dimensional lattice model of electrons interacting with rotating dipoles. Along the domain wall, the rotors polarize in opposite directions, causing the electron to localize along a particular lattice direction. The rotor-electron coupling is identified as the origin of a structural instability in the crystal that leads to the domain-wall formation via a symmetry-breaking process. Our results provide the first theoretical description of ferroelectric polarons, as discussed in the context of soft semiconductors. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Dynamical Interplay between Mass-Energy Equivalence, Interactions, and Entanglement in an Optical Lattice Clock.","authors":"Anjun Chu, Victor J Martínez-Lahuerta, Maya Miklos, Kyungtae Kim, Peter Zoller, Klemens Hammerer, Jun Ye, Ana Maria Rey","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.093201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.093201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We propose protocols that probe manifestations of the mass-energy equivalence in an optical lattice clock interrogated with spin coherent and entangled quantum states. To tune and uniquely distinguish the mass-energy equivalence effects (gravitational redshift and second-order Doppler shift) in such a setting, we devise a dressing protocol using an additional nuclear spin state. We then analyze the dynamical interplay between photon-mediated interactions and gravitational redshift and show that such interplay can lead to entanglement generation and frequency synchronization dynamics. In the regime where all atomic spins synchronize, we show the synchronization time depends on the initial entanglement of the state and can be used as a proxy of its metrological gain compared to a classical state. Our work opens new possibilities for exploring the effects of general relativity on quantum coherence and entanglement in optical lattice clock experiments.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 9","pages":"093201"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143700835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eliminating Surface Oxides of Superconducting Circuits with Noble Metal Encapsulation.","authors":"Ray D Chang, Nana Shumiya, Russell A McLellan, Yifan Zhang, Matthew P Bland, Faranak Bahrami, Junsik Mun, Chenyu Zhou, Kim Kisslinger, Guangming Cheng, Basil M Smitham, Alexander C Pakpour-Tabrizi, Nan Yao, Yimei Zhu, Mingzhao Liu, Robert J Cava, Sarang Gopalakrishnan, Andrew A Houck, Nathalie P de Leon","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.097001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.097001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The lifetime of superconducting qubits is limited by dielectric loss, and a major source of dielectric loss is the native oxide present at the surface of the superconducting metal. Specifically, tantalum-based superconducting qubits have been demonstrated with record lifetimes, but a major source of loss is the presence of two-level systems in the surface tantalum oxide. Here, we demonstrate a strategy for avoiding oxide formation by encapsulating the tantalum with noble metals that do not form native oxide. By depositing a few nanometers of Au or AuPd alloy before breaking vacuum, we completely suppress tantalum oxide formation. Microwave loss measurements of superconducting resonators reveal that the noble metal is proximitized, with a superconducting gap over 80% of the bare tantalum at thicknesses where the oxide is fully suppressed. Our findings suggest that losses in resonators fabricated by subtractive etching are dominated by oxides on the sidewalls, pointing to total surface encapsulation by additive fabrication as a promising strategy for eliminating surface oxide two-level system loss in superconducting qubits.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 9","pages":"097001"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering Nonequilibrium Steady States through Floquet Liouvillians.","authors":"Weijian Chen, Maryam Abbasi, Serra Erdamar, Jacob Muldoon, Yogesh N Joglekar, Kater W Murch","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.090402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.090402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We experimentally study the transient dynamics of a dissipative superconducting qubit under periodic drive toward its nonequilibrium steady states. The corresponding stroboscopic evolution, given by the qubit states at times equal to integer multiples of the drive period, is determined by a (generically non-Hermitian) Floquet Liouvillian. The drive period controls both the transients across its non-Hermitian degeneracies and the resulting nonequilibrium steady states. These steady states can exhibit higher purity compared to those achieved with a constant drive. We further study the dependence of the steady states on the direction of parameter variation and relate these findings to the recent studies of dynamically encircling exceptional points. Our Letter provides a new approach to control non-Hermiticity in dissipative quantum systems and presents a new paradigm in quantum state preparation and stabilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"134 9","pages":"090402"},"PeriodicalIF":8.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}