PharmaNutrition最新文献

{"title":"Ketone bodies inhibit mast cell degradation and protect against anaphylaxis","authors":"Akira Sato ,&nbsp;Hina Nemoto ,&nbsp;Tsukasa Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Makoto Ohira","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Ketone bodies<span> play critical roles in organismal energy homeostasis<span>; however, their effects on various diseases remain unknown. We investigated the effects of two ketone bodies, </span></span></span><em>β</em>-hydroxybutyric acid (<em>β</em><span>-HB) and acetoacetic acid (AcAc), on type I hypersensitivity </span><em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The effects of <em>β</em>-HB and AcAc on mast cell degradation, as monitored by <em>β</em><span><span>-hexosaminidase release in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells, and hypothermic </span>anaphylaxis<span>, a potentially deadly allergic reaction, were evaluated in an anaphylactic mouse model.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both <em>β</em>-HB and AcAc inhibited <em>β</em>-hexosaminidase release from RBL-2H3 cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory effects of AcAc were greater than those of <em>β</em>-HB. The inhibitory effects of <em>β</em><span>-HB and AcAc were significantly attenuated in the presence of a GPR109A receptor antagonist<span> mepenzolate bromide and GPR43A antagonist GLPG0974. </span></span><em>β</em><span>-HB and AcAc did not affect the viability of RBL-2H3 cells at concentrations below 100 µmol/L. In an anaphylactic mouse model, the intraperitoneal injection of AcAc (1 µmol/mouse) inhibited anaphylactic hypothermia, whereas the injection of </span><em>β</em>-HB (1–10 µmol/mouse) did not.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>These results suggest that <em>β</em>-HB and AcAc, especially AcAc, are effective in type I hypersensitivity reactions, such as anaphylaxis, by inhibiting mast cell degradation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50179901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of selenium supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","authors":"Ahmed Abu-Zaid ,&nbsp;Ibtihal Abdulaziz Bukhari ,&nbsp;Abdullah Alyousef ,&nbsp;Saeed Baradwan ,&nbsp;Naif Bin Muaythir ,&nbsp;Yasir Almudaymigh ,&nbsp;Mohammed Abuzaid ,&nbsp;Saleh A.K. Saleh ,&nbsp;Heba M. Adly ,&nbsp;Osama Alomar","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><span>Polycystic ovary syndrome<span> (PCOS) has been shown to be associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. Selenium (Se) is a naturally occurring mineral trace element that constitutes an essential component of selenoproteins and plays a vital role in antioxidant defense. This </span></span>systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the effects of selenium supplementation on cardiometabolic risk factors </span>in patients with PCOS.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials<span>, Web of Science, and Scopus<span> databases were searched up to March 2023 for randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effect of oral selenium supplementation on patients with PCOS. We employed a random-effects model to generate pooled estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>Seven trials published between 2015 and 2022 were included. All the included studies were double blind, placebo-controlled trials. Selenium supplementation resulted in a significant decrease in VLDL<span><span><span> (SMD = −0.35, 95% CI: −0.65; −0.05), MDA (SMD = −0.89, 95% CI: −1.21; −0.57) and hs-CRP (SMD = −0.38, 95% CI: −0.73; −0.03), as well as a significant increase in </span>QUICKI (SMD = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.47; 1.09). The current meta-analysis did not find any significant changes in </span>FPG, insulin, HOMA-IR, </span></span>TC<span><span>, TG<span>, HDL, </span></span>LDL<span><span><span>, TAC, GSH, </span>NO, </span>SHBG<span>, total testosterone, or mFG score for PCOS patients following selenium supplementation compared to placebo.</span></span></span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p><span><span>Selenium supplementation may serve as a good adjunct therapy in patients with PCOS to decrease lipid peroxidation and inflammatory status. Moreover, selenium may improve </span>insulin sensitivity in these patients. However, the overall effects of selenium on all cardiometabolic risk factors in PCOS patients still need to be evaluated through large population and long duration </span>RCTs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50179465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pitaya (Hylocereus lemairei) extracts avoid mitochondrial dysfunction and NF-kβ/NLRP-3-mediated inflammation in endothelial cells under high glucose and are in vivo safe","authors":"Karina Z. Lodi ,&nbsp;Carina Cassini ,&nbsp;Fernando J. Scariot ,&nbsp;Sergio Echeverrigaray ,&nbsp;Sidnei M. Silva ,&nbsp;Alencar K. Machado ,&nbsp;Lauren Pappis ,&nbsp;Raquel Bridi ,&nbsp;Scheila A. Silva ,&nbsp;Luciana B. Touguinha ,&nbsp;Mirian Salvador ,&nbsp;Catia S. Branco","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Pitaya has gained popularity as a dietary alternative for diabetics. However, the precise molecular basis and biochemical effects are not well understood. This study aimed to evaluate pitaya influence in endothelial cells<span> under high glucose, mimicking hyperglycemia.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span>EA.hy926 cells were treated with 1 µg/mL of extract for 24 h with 35 mM of glucose (HG) and/or metformin (MET; 0.5 mM). It was analyzed cell viability/proliferation, </span>apoptosis<span><span>, ΔΨm, and pHi. Markers of aerobic (NADH and succinate dehydrogenase<span>, and ATP synthase) and anaerobic (LDH) glycolysis were evaluated, as well as NO levels, NF-kβ, and </span></span>NLRP3 expressions. To determine </span></span><em>in vivo</em><span> safety, acute toxicity in </span><span><em>A. </em><em>salina</em></span><span> was conducted (0.5–65 mg/mL). Chemical characterization was performed by HPLC.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span><span><span>HG negatively impacted cell viability and proliferation. Cells presented high levels of extracellular </span>LDH<span> and NO, as well as an increment on NADH, and succinate dehydrogenase activities, and ATP production. Cytometry revealed an increase in </span></span>ROS levels, apoptosis, and changes in pHi and ΔΨm, accompanied by an increase in NF-kβ, and NLRP3 expressions. These alterations were partially (extract </span><em>per se</em> pulp and/or associated with MET) or totally (extract <em>per se</em><span><span> peel and/or MET associated) reversed. No toxicity for peel extract at concentrations until 65 mg/mL was found. HPLC revealed quercetin and </span>kaempferol in both extracts.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Data indicate that pitaya peel extract is safe and, according to a Principal Component Analysis, can be used as a co-therapeutic strategy to minimize oxidative damage and inflammation in endothelial cells under high glucose.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100356"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50179902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the possibility of a proprietary black cumin oil extract as a Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonist in restoring stress-sleep balance on stress-induced sleep deprived animals","authors":"Saneha OR ,&nbsp;Priya Krishna ,&nbsp;Syam Das S ,&nbsp;Krishnakumar IM ,&nbsp;Litty Joseph","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span><span>Orexins<span><span> act as a molecular switch for the release of cortisol/corticosterone in response to a stress stimulus and hence to regulate sleep/wake cycle. Orexin agonism during the day promotes wakefulness, and Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists (DORA) can promote sleep signals by enhancing </span>melatonin, which is an inhibitor of orexin. It was reported that a proprietary </span></span>black cumin (</span><em>Nigella sativa</em>) oil (BCO-5) alleviated stress and improved sleep quality. The present study investigated the mechanism of action of BCO-5 using stress-induced and sleep-deprived model of rats.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Adult <em>Sprague Dawley</em><span> rats (n = 24) were randomised into 4 groups (Group I – Sham; Group II – Stress-induced group; Group III – BCO-5 treated normal animals; Group IV – Stress + BCO-5 (20 mg/kg b. wt.) for 14 days and monitored the behaviour and biochemical markers.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The co-supplementation of BCO-5 significantly decreased the body weight, locomotor activity, rearing and grooming frequencies among Group IV animals significantly compared to Group II. The observed behaviour was also correlated with the significant decrease in orexin, corticosterone and c-fos expression levels, while an increase was observed in melatonin concentration.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our results support the plausible role of BCO-5 as a DORA to manage stress and improve sleep.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50179463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supplementation with kefir improves metabolism and liver inflammation in malnourished mice","authors":"Fabio Ribeiro dos Santos ,&nbsp;Guilherme Henrique Mendes Ribeiro ,&nbsp;Renato Sobral Monteiro-Junior ,&nbsp;Antônio Sérgio Barcala-Jorge ,&nbsp;André Luiz Sena Guimarães ,&nbsp;Alfredo Maurício Batista de Paula ,&nbsp;Sérgio Henrique Sousa Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Malnutrition causes several changes in body composition and physiological liver function and is commonly related to systemic inflammation, cognitive deficits, and metabolic changes. </span>Kefir<span> is a symbiotic association of yeast and bacteria fermenting milk, used as food supplementation, and is now recognized for its beneficial health properties. In this context, the present study aims to verify the effects promoted by Kefir supplementation in a model of mice malnutrition, evaluating its metabolic effects and liver modulation.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span><span><span>Male Swiss mice were divided into four groups with 8 animals each. After the adaptation period, the animals were subjected to two phases of </span>treatment<span>: the caloric restriction<span> phase to promote malnutrition and the renutrition phase. A calorie restriction of 20 % compared to the control group was adopted. Metabolic profile, adipose tissue, liver, biochemical parameters, and gene expression of </span></span></span>CAT and </span>SOD were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>The main findings demonstrate an improvement in body weight and biochemical parameters followed by a greater recovery of adipocyte area in the (FR + Kefir) group when compared to the malnourished (FR) group. The data showed an increase in the expression of genes associated with </span>oxidative stress suppression such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in the groups supplemented with kefir.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Oral supplementation was able to increase body weight recovery, and adiposity, enabling improvements in metabolism and reducing liver inflammation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50179903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in nutrition, lifestyle, and metabolic disease in the United States from 1900 onwards","authors":"Cato Wiegers,&nbsp;Linda H.M. van de Burgwal,&nbsp;Eric Claassen,&nbsp;Olaf F.A. Larsen","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100350","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100350","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The growing ‘epidemic’ of metabolic disease may be a consequence of a typical Western lifestyle, consisting of excessive fat and sugar intake and a lack of physical exercise. Some animal studies have provided insights into the mechanisms of metabolic syndrome and obesity and the influence of dietary composition, however there are still unclarities regarding the effects of diet and lifestyle factors on the development of metabolic disease in humans.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, we investigated long-term trends in diet, lifestyle, and metabolic disease in the United States. Data on the included variables was collected from published literature as well as publicly available data, covering as many years as possible from 1900 onwards.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found that intake of all macronutrients and added sugar has increased but has started to plateau or decrease in more recent years. Exercise, urbanization, and life expectancy have also risen. However, besides some evidence of urbanization and life expectancy correlating with metabolic disease prevalence, we did not see a clear association between most of the dietary factors and the steeply rising prevalence of metabolic disease.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We propose that to gain traction on the issue of metabolic disease in our current society, it is necessary to continue research into (new aspects of) our diet, and to include other (external) factors. These may be related to the gut microbiota, including antibiotics use and epigenetics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100350"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44445104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between Dietary Phytochemical Index and Mediterranean-style Dietary Pattern Score with the risk of cataract","authors":"Haniyeh Golafrouz ,&nbsp;Farhad Adhami Moghadam ,&nbsp;Shahryar Eghtesadi","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>Half of all cases of blindness are due to cataract. It has been debated whether diets high in polyphenols and antioxidants reduce the risk of cataract. In the present case-control study, we aimed to evaluate the possible association between cataract risk and diet, using calculations of the Dietary </span>Phytochemical Index (DPI) and Mediterranean-style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>157 patients with senile cataract<span><span> were compared to 323 controls who had undergone eye examination during the past year and were not diagnosed with cataract. A validated food frequency questionnaire measured the participant’s habitual diet. The risk of cataract for MSDPS and DPI was assessed by crude and adjusted odds ratios based on </span>multivariate logistic regression analysis, accounting for age and sex.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Analysis was performed on 157 cases and 323 controls. Age, weight, and energy intake significantly differed between the two groups. MSDPS (p = 0.003) and DPI (p = 0.04) were higher in the patients with cataract. A significant association was found regarding DPI in the crude model, indicating that participants of the third quartile of DPI are at 2.34 times higher risk of cataract than the participants in the first quartile (OR: 2.34, 95% CI= 1.34; 4.09).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>MSDPS was not significantly associated with cataract risk in crude and adjusted models, although an ascending trend could be observed (p-trend of the crude model= 0.05). A positive association between DPI and cataract risk was found, while this association was not significant for MSDPS. Further studies among newly diagnosed patients with cataract are required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47622137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soy protein, bioactive peptides, and isoflavones: A review of their safety and health benefits","authors":"Seok Tyug Tan ,&nbsp;Seok Shin Tan ,&nbsp;Chin Xuan Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Literature has consistently reported that soy and soy-based foods are excellent sources of amino acids and isoflavones. Therefore, this review summarises the safety and health benefits of soy protein, soy bioactive peptides and soy isoflavones.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This review was conducted based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Research articles published from 2017 to March 2023 were identified through several search engines, including Pubmed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The search was limited to selected keywords to maximise the retrieval of relevant results. After excluding review articles, conference proceedings, redundant articles, articles without full-text access, and non-English publications, 43 research articles were included in this review.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Evidence suggests that soy protein, soy bioactive peptides and soy isoflavones are generally safe for human consumption. In addition, these compounds may be beneficial in alleviating the risk of osteoporosis, cancers, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Soy or soy-related products can be incorporated into our daily diets based on the promising effects reported in the literature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47534090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of Royal Jelly consumption on lipid profile: A GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis","authors":"Hossein Bahari ,&nbsp;Shaghayegh Taheri ,&nbsp;Mohammad Rashidmayvan ,&nbsp;Zohreh Sajadi Hezaveh ,&nbsp;Sara Ebrahimi Mousavi ,&nbsp;Mahsa Malekahmadi","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100351","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100351","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Inconsistent evidence exists regarding the impact of Royal Jelly (RJ) on cardio-metabolic risk factors. Hence, this meta-analysis aimed to identify this effect.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p><span>Database search through PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and SCOPUS was performed until April 2023 to identify eligible trials. Estimated 95% confidence (CI) and the weighted mean difference (WMD) was used for triglyceride (TG), </span>total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) through the random-effects model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>RJ could significantly reduce TC (WMD: −8.75; 95%CI: −15.50, −1.99; <em>P</em> = 0.01; I² = 68.5%; <em>P</em> _{heterogeneity}= 0.21). The protective effect of RJ against serum TC was stronger in unhealthy participants, ≥ 8 weeks of supplement administration, ≥ 3000 mg/d of RJ, and in both sexes. Neither the all-study combination nor the subgroup analysis showed a significant effect of this supplementation on TG, LDL and HDL. Dose-response analysis showed a greater reduction in HDL and a greater elevation in TG, following higher doses of RJ supplementation. Longer duration of intervention also led to lower LDL levels. In terms of the certainty of the evidence, TG, TC and HDL were regarded as moderate and LDL as low quality.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>RJ can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by reducing the level of TC, and long-term supplementation could improve the level of HDL and LDL.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100351"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47678236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A single dose of aged garlic extract did not change cerebral oxygenation and blood volume in older adults at cardiovascular risk factors","authors":"Mônica Volino-Souza ,&nbsp;Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Renata Leitão ,&nbsp;Leandro Lara de Carvalho ,&nbsp;Thiago da Silveira Alvares","doi":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.phanu.2023.100345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>and Aims: Ageing is associated with impaired endothelial function, which can negatively affect cerebral blood flow (CBF). The present study evaluated whether aged garlic extract (AGE) could improve cerebral </span>oxygenation<span><span> and blood volume due to the possible vasoactive effect. Methods and Results: Fourteen older adults were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over study. Urinary </span>thiosulfate<span> and plasma nitrite was drawn, and participants ingested 2.4 g of AGE or placebo. A handgrip exercise protocol started 180 min after supplementation to induce brain activation, and cerebral oxygenation and blood volume were evaluated by near-infrared spectroscopy. After exercise, urinary thiosulfate and plasma nitrite were re-evaluated. AGE supplementation did not change cerebral oxygenation and blood volume. In addition, urinary thiosulfate and plasma nitrite remained unchanged after supplementation. Conclusion: A single dose of AGE (2.4 g) could not increase nitrite levels and cerebral oxygenation and blood volume in older adults at cardiovascular risk factors (NCT04008693).</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":20049,"journal":{"name":"PharmaNutrition","volume":"25 ","pages":"Article 100345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49424408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}