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Impact of IL-6 and IL-10 genotypes on tacrolimus dose requirements in kidney transplant recipients: Monte Carlo analysis. IL-6和IL-10基因型对肾移植受者他克莫司剂量需求的影响：蒙特卡罗分析。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2379227
Nikola Stefanović, Katarina Danković, Tatjana Cvetković, Stevan Vujić, Ivan Pavlović, Tatjana Jevtović-Stoimenov, Branka Mitić, Radmila Veličković-Radovanović
{"title":"Impact of IL-6 and IL-10 genotypes on tacrolimus dose requirements in kidney transplant recipients: Monte Carlo analysis.","authors":"Nikola Stefanović, Katarina Danković, Tatjana Cvetković, Stevan Vujić, Ivan Pavlović, Tatjana Jevtović-Stoimenov, Branka Mitić, Radmila Veličković-Radovanović","doi":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2379227","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2379227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> IL-6 and IL-10 may affect the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A enzymes involved in tacrolimus (Tac) metabolism. Moreover, the effect of IL-6 and IL-10 on Tac pharmacokinetics may differ with respect to the genetic variations in their genes.<b>Aim:</b> To examine the influence of IL-6 and IL-10 gene polymorphisms on Tac dose requirements and exposure over a 5-year period following kidney transplantation. Univariate and standard multivariate linear regression and Monte Carlo analysis were performed to investigate potential covariates influencing Tac dose-adjusted trough concentration (C<sub>0</sub>/D) in various post-transplantation periods.<b>Materials & methods:</b> IL-6 (-174G > C), IL-10 (-1082G > A, -819C > T and -592C > A) genotype, Tac daily dose, C<sub>0</sub>, C<sub>0</sub>/D and intrapatient variability data were collected from 113 patients.<b>Results:</b> Multivariate regression analysis and accompanied Monte Carlo simulation underscore the importance of considering IL-6 -174G > C and IL-10 -1082G > A gene polymorphisms, alongside Tac metabolic phenotype and post-transplantation period, when tailoring Tac dosage regimen.<b>Conclusion:</b> This study provides valuable insights regarding the individualized adjustment of Tac treatment in various post-transplantation periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"315-327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11404698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Accuracy and technical characteristics of CYP2C19 point of care tests: a systematic review. CYP2C19 护理点检测的准确性和技术特点：系统综述。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2392479
Eve Tomlinson, Chris Cooper, Hayley E Jones, Catalina Lopez Manzano, Rachel Palmer, Joe Carroll, Ayman Sadek, Nicky J Welton, Mariska Leeflang, Penny Whiting
{"title":"Accuracy and technical characteristics of CYP2C19 point of care tests: a systematic review.","authors":"Eve Tomlinson, Chris Cooper, Hayley E Jones, Catalina Lopez Manzano, Rachel Palmer, Joe Carroll, Ayman Sadek, Nicky J Welton, Mariska Leeflang, Penny Whiting","doi":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2392479","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2392479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Aim:</b> To assess the accuracy and technical characteristics of <i>CYP2C19</i> point of care tests (POCTs).<b>Patients & methods:</b> Systematic review of primary studies, in any population or setting, that evaluated POCTs for detecting <i>CYP2C19</i> loss of function (LOF) alleles.<b>Results:</b> Eleven studies provided accuracy data (eight Spartan; one Genomadix Cube; one GMEX; one Genedrive). The POCTs had very high sensitivity and specificity for the alleles they tested for. Twenty-two studies reported technical characteristics: POCTs were easy to operate and provided results quickly. Limited data were reported for test failure rate and cost.<b>Conclusion:</b> <i>CYP2C19</i> POCTs may be a useful alternative to laboratory-based testing to guide antiplatelet therapy. Further data are required on accuracy (GMEX; Genedrive), test failure and cost (all POCT).</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"407-423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11418221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142126385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epigenetic regulation of drug metabolism in aging: utilizing epigenetics to optimize geriatric pharmacotherapy. 衰老过程中药物代谢的表观遗传调控：利用表观遗传学优化老年药物疗法。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0199
Sara Abudahab, Patricia W Slattum, Elvin T Price, Joseph L McClay
{"title":"Epigenetic regulation of drug metabolism in aging: utilizing epigenetics to optimize geriatric pharmacotherapy.","authors":"Sara Abudahab, Patricia W Slattum, Elvin T Price, Joseph L McClay","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0199","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We explore the relationship between epigenetic aging and drug metabolism. We review current evidence for changes in drug metabolism in normal aging, followed by a description of how epigenetic modifications associated with age can regulate the expression and functionality of genes. In particular, we focus on the role of epigenome-wide studies of human and mouse liver in understanding these age-related processes with respect to xenobiotic processing. We highlight genes encoding drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters revealed to be affected by epigenetic aging in these studies. We conclude that substantial evidence exists for epigenetic aging impacting drug metabolism and transport genes, but more work is needed. We further highlight the promise of pharmacoepigenetics applied to enhancing drug safety in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"41-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10794944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138830881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advancing pharmacogenomics research: automated extraction of insights from PubMed using SpaCy NLP framework. 推进药物基因组学研究：使用 SpaCy NLP 框架从 PubMed 自动提取见解。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2429946
Esther Camilo Dos Reis, Santiago Caneppa, Pedro Vasconcelos, Paulo Caleb Júnior de Lima Santos
{"title":"Advancing pharmacogenomics research: automated extraction of insights from PubMed using SpaCy NLP framework.","authors":"Esther Camilo Dos Reis, Santiago Caneppa, Pedro Vasconcelos, Paulo Caleb Júnior de Lima Santos","doi":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2429946","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2429946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper presents a methodology for automatically extracting insights from PubMed articles using a Natural Language Processing (NLP) framework. Our approach, leveraging advanced NLP techniques and Named Entity Recognition (NER), is crucial for advancing pharmacogenomics and other scientific fields that benefit from streamlined access to literature through automated services like RESTful APIs.Building a new NLP model presents several challenges. First, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of the field in order to define relevant entities. Second, the construction of a diverse and consistent set of examples is crucial. Finally, the effective utilization of pre-established models is of paramount importance, as demonstrated in this work.Our model, validated via ten-fold cross-validation, achieved over 70% recall and precision for all entities in the training set. We provide a reproducible pipeline for the scientific community and propose a structured approach for qualitative analysis and clustering of results. This methodology refines literature reviews, optimizes knowledge extraction, and supports broader application across diverse research domains. An online platform could further extend these benefits to researchers, educators, and practitioners.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"573-578"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142676498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Biomarkers for the prediction and monitoring of the antipsychotic/antidepressant-induced hepatotoxicity: study protocol.
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2025.2456449
Zuzana Kilianova, Natalia Stollarova, Lenka Bies Pivackova, Peter Krenek, Maria Goboova, Zuzana Javorova Rihova, Evelin Karim Aziz, Natasa Karas Kuzelicki, Gabriel Doka, Jan Klimas
{"title":"Biomarkers for the prediction and monitoring of the antipsychotic/antidepressant-induced hepatotoxicity: study protocol.","authors":"Zuzana Kilianova, Natalia Stollarova, Lenka Bies Pivackova, Peter Krenek, Maria Goboova, Zuzana Javorova Rihova, Evelin Karim Aziz, Natasa Karas Kuzelicki, Gabriel Doka, Jan Klimas","doi":"10.1080/14622416.2025.2456449","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14622416.2025.2456449","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study is designed to address the connection between antidepressant and antipsychotic-induced hepatotoxicity with pharmacogenetic and epigenetic indicators, using a novel combined approach of CYP450 polymorphism determination and early liver injury detection via microRNA testing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The multi-centric retrospective case-control study in Slovakia involves 151 cases with signs of hepatotoxicity and 604 controls without. Participants will be tested for selected CYP450, UGT1A1 polymorphisms, and microRNAs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Anticipated findings will test if patients with specific CYP450 and UGT1A1 polymorphisms are at higher risk for drug-induced hepatotoxicity and if plasma microRNAs hsa-miR-122-5p and hsa-miR-192-5p, alone or combined, can differentiate patients with abnormal liver function.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings could contribute to personalized treatment approach by combining genetic and epigenetic biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"667-678"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11906111/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143365131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Correlation of ACE insertion/deletion gene polymorphism with captopril effectiveness in Indonesian hypertensive patients. 印度尼西亚高血压患者 ACE 插入/缺失基因多态性与卡托普利有效性的相关性。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-29 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2375190
Dewa A S Handani, Adam Hermawan, Zullies Ikawati
{"title":"Correlation of <i>ACE</i> insertion/deletion gene polymorphism with captopril effectiveness in Indonesian hypertensive patients.","authors":"Dewa A S Handani, Adam Hermawan, Zullies Ikawati","doi":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2375190","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2375190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Hypertension is a prevalent health concern in Indonesia, with a high percentage of patients unresponsive to ACE inhibitor treatment. <b>Methods:</b> This multicenter case-control study investigated the correlation between ACE I/D and captopril effectiveness in Indonesian hypertensive patients. Hypertensive patients were divided into control (n = 69) and case (n = 73) groups. <i>ACE I/D</i> was identified using PCR and electrophoresis.<b>Results:</b> No significant differences in genotype frequencies or allele distribution were observed. The difference of blood pressure reduction among the three genotypes also lacked statistical significance.<b>Conclusion: </b> <i>ACE I/D</i> is not significantly associated with blood pressure reduction following captopril therapy in Indonesian hypertensive patients. These results underscore the limited predictive utility of <i>ACE I/D</i> in managing hypertension with captopril.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"357-365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11734884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141788845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relevance of NAT2 genotype and clinical factors to risk for antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury. NAT2 基因型和临床因素与抗结核药物诱发肝损伤风险的相关性。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-22 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0148
Fang Cheng, Chao-Chao Qiu, Xian-Gao Jiang, Te Wu, Qiang Zhang, Xin Chen, Shi-Lin Zheng, Sai-Duo Liu, Xin-Chun Ye, Ji-Chan Shi
{"title":"Relevance of <i>NAT2</i> genotype and clinical factors to risk for antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury.","authors":"Fang Cheng, Chao-Chao Qiu, Xian-Gao Jiang, Te Wu, Qiang Zhang, Xin Chen, Shi-Lin Zheng, Sai-Duo Liu, Xin-Chun Ye, Ji-Chan Shi","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0148","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study analyzes the risk factors associated with antituberculosis drug-induced liver injury (ATB-DILI), and the relationship between ATB-DILI and <i>NAT2</i> gene polymorphisms. Out of the 324 included patients, 57 (17.59%) developed ATB-DILI. Age, history of liver disease, alcohol consumption and timing of antituberculosis (ATB) treatment were independent risk factors for ATB-DILI in the patients with tuberculosis (TB; p < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the distribution of <i>NAT2</i> metabolic phenotypes between the study group and the control group (p < 0.05). The ATB drug treatment for pulmonary TB can cause a high incidence of ATB-DILI. Age, history of liver disease, alcohol consumption and timing of ATB treatment are independent risk factors for ATB-DILI in patients with TB.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138830882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Update on HLA-B*15:02 allele associated with adverse drug reactions. 与药物不良反应相关的 HLA-B*15:02 等位基因的最新进展。
IF 2.1 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-02 DOI: 10.2217/pgs-2023-0173
Xueting Zhu, Guanghua Luo, Lu Zheng
{"title":"Update on <i>HLA-B*15:02</i> allele associated with adverse drug reactions.","authors":"Xueting Zhu, Guanghua Luo, Lu Zheng","doi":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0173","DOIUrl":"10.2217/pgs-2023-0173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>HLA alleles, part of the major histocompatibility complex, are strongly associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs). This review focuses on <i>HLA-B*15:02</i> and explores its association with ADRs in various ethnic populations and with different drugs, aiming to provide insights into the safe clinical use of drugs and minimize the occurrence of ADRs. Furthermore, the review explores the potential mechanisms by which <i>HLA-B*15:02</i> may be associated with ADRs, aiming to gain new insights into drug modification and identification of haptens. In addition, it analyzes the frequency of the <i>HLA-B*15:02</i>, genotyping methods, cost-effectiveness and treatment measures for adverse reactions, thereby providing a theoretical basis for formulating clinical treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"97-111"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139672403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimated clinical utility of multi-gene pharmacogenetic testing in a retrospective cohort of gynecology patients. 妇科病人回顾性队列中多基因药物基因检测的临床效用估计。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2428585
Glenda Hoffecker, Karl Keat, Lakeisha Mulugeta-Gordon, Marjorie Risman, Shefali S Verma, Mary Deagostino-Kelly, Sony Tuteja
{"title":"Estimated clinical utility of multi-gene pharmacogenetic testing in a retrospective cohort of gynecology patients.","authors":"Glenda Hoffecker, Karl Keat, Lakeisha Mulugeta-Gordon, Marjorie Risman, Shefali S Verma, Mary Deagostino-Kelly, Sony Tuteja","doi":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2428585","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2428585","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to estimate the clinical utility of performing multi-gene pharmacogenetic testing on patients undergoing gynecologic surgery/procedure by evaluating the prescribing rate of Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium (CPIC) level A medications and frequency of drug-gene interactions (DGIs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The electronic health record was queried for 76 current procedural terminology codes to identify gynecologic surgeries/procedures that occurred between 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2020 in patients with at least one of 152 international classification of disease codes. Prescription data for CPIC level A medications was extracted. Those enrolled in the Penn Medicine Biobank were assessed for DGIs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cohort consisted of 7798 female patients and 682 were in the biobank. Up to 6 years following their surgery or procedure, 80% were ordered ≥1 CPIC level A medication. Over half (54%) of these medications were ordered within 3 days after their surgery or procedure. The most common CPIC level A medications ordered were ibuprofen (57%) and ondansetron (42%). Overall, 7% of the cohort had ≥1 known or predicted DGI with medications they were prescribed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Multi-gene pharmacogenetic testing may be beneficial to gynecologic surgery/procedure patients by assisting clinicians with prescribing postoperative analgesics and future medications.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"587-594"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142639447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydroxychloroquine-induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis with HLA-typing. 羟氯喹诱发的急性全身泛发性脓疱病伴有 HLA-分型。
IF 1.9 4区 医学
Pharmacogenomics Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1080/14622416.2024.2430167
Qiaoli Zheng, Na Jin, Hao Cheng
{"title":"Hydroxychloroquine-induced acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis with HLA-typing.","authors":"Qiaoli Zheng, Na Jin, Hao Cheng","doi":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2430167","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14622416.2024.2430167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) is a rare drug reaction characterized by numerous pustules on an erythematous base. In some cases, hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) can cause AGEP. There is an association between HLA genes and AGEP according to pharmacogenomic studies. In this case report, we present the case of a 36-year-old female who developed HCQ-induced AGEP with HLA-typing. According to our findings, the patient had HLA-B 58:01, HLA-C 08:01, and HLA-A 02:06. A pharmacoeconomic perspective of HLA genotyping before drug prescription is shown in this result.</p>","PeriodicalId":20018,"journal":{"name":"Pharmacogenomics","volume":" ","pages":"569-572"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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