Persoonia最新文献

{"title":"Resurrecting the genus <i>Geomorium</i>: Systematic study of fungi in the genera <i>Underwoodia</i> and <i>Gymnohydnotrya</i> (<i>Pezizales</i>) with the description of three new South American species.","authors":"N Kraisitudomsook, R A Healy, D H Pfister, C Truong, E Nouhra, F Kuhar, A B Mujic, J M Trappe, M E Smith","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.04","DOIUrl":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molecular phylogenetic analyses have addressed the systematic position of several major Northern Hemisphere lineages of <i>Pezizales</i> but the taxa of the Southern Hemisphere remain understudied. This study focuses on the molecular systematics and taxonomy of Southern Hemisphere species currently treated in the genera <i>Underwoodia</i> and <i>Gymnohydnotrya</i>. Species in these genera have been identified as the monophyletic /gymnohydnotrya lineage, but no further research has been conducted to determine the evolutionary origin of this lineage or its relationship with other <i>Pezizales</i> lineages. Here, we present a phylogenetic study of fungal species previously described in <i>Underwoodia</i> and <i>Gymnohydnotrya</i>, with sampling of all but one described species. We revise the taxonomy of this lineage and describe three new species from the Patagonian region of South America. Our results show that none of these Southern Hemisphere species are closely related to <i>Underwoodia columnaris</i>, the type species of the genus <i>Underwoodia</i>. Accordingly, we recognize the genus <i>Geomorium</i> described by Spegazzini in 1922 for <i>G. fuegianum.</i> We propose the new family, <i>Geomoriaceae</i> fam. nov., to accommodate this phylogenetically and morphologically unique Southern Hemisphere lineage. Molecular dating estimated that <i>Geomoriaceae</i> started to diverge from its sister clade <i>Tuberaceae</i> c. 112 MYA, with a crown age for the family in the late Cretaceous (c. 67 MYA). This scenario fits well with a Gondwanan origin of the family before the split of Australia and South America from Antarctica during the Paleocene-Eocene boundary (c. 50 MYA).</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"44 ","pages":"98-112"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2b/92/per-2020-44-4.PMC7567970.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38538553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of coevolution between ambrosia beetle mycangia and the <i>Ceratocystidaceae</i>, with five new fungal genera and seven new species.","authors":"C G Mayers,&nbsp;T C Harrington,&nbsp;H Masuya,&nbsp;B H Jordal,&nbsp;D L McNew,&nbsp;H-H Shih,&nbsp;F Roets,&nbsp;G J Kietzka","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ambrosia beetles farm specialised fungi in sapwood tunnels and use pocket-like organs called mycangia to carry propagules of the fungal cultivars. Ambrosia fungi selectively grow in mycangia, which is central to the symbiosis, but the history of coevolution between fungal cultivars and mycangia is poorly understood. The fungal family <i>Ceratocystidaceae</i> previously included three ambrosial genera (<i>Ambrosiella</i>, <i>Meredithiella</i>, and <i>Phialophoropsis</i>), each farmed by one of three distantly related tribes of ambrosia beetles with unique and relatively large mycangium types. Studies on the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary histories of these three genera were expanded with the previously unstudied ambrosia fungi associated with a fourth mycangium type, that of the tribe <i>Scolytoplatypodini</i>. Using ITS rDNA barcoding and a concatenated dataset of six loci (28S rDNA, 18S rDNA, <i>tef</i>1-α, <i>tub</i>, <i>mcm7</i>, and <i>rpl1</i>), a comprehensive phylogeny of the family <i>Ceratocystidaceae</i> was developed, including <i>Inodoromyces interjectus</i> gen. & sp. nov., a non-ambrosial species that is closely related to the family. Three minor morphological variants of the pronotal disk mycangium of the <i>Scolytoplatypodini</i> were associated with ambrosia fungi in three respective clades of <i>Ceratocystidaceae</i>: <i>Wolfgangiella</i> gen. nov., <i>Toshionella</i> gen. nov., and <i>Ambrosiella remansi</i> sp. nov. Closely-related species that are not symbionts of ambrosia beetles are accommodated by <i>Catunica adiposa</i> gen. & comb. nov. and <i>Solaloca norvegica</i> gen. & comb. nov. The divergent morphology of the ambrosial genera and their phylogenetic placement among non-ambrosial genera suggest three domestication events in the <i>Ceratocystidaceae</i>. Estimated divergence dates for the ambrosia fungi and mycangia suggest that <i>Scolytoplatypodini</i> mycangia may have been the first to acquire <i>Ceratocystidaceae</i> symbionts and other ambrosial fungal genera emerged shortly after the evolution of new mycangium types. There is no evidence of reversion to a non-ambrosial lifestyle in the mycangial symbionts.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"44 ","pages":"41-66"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e5/85/per-2020-44-2.PMC7567963.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38540244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new species concept for the clinically relevant <i>Mucor circinelloides</i> complex.","authors":"L Wagner,&nbsp;J B Stielow,&nbsp;G S de Hoog,&nbsp;K Bensch,&nbsp;V U Schwartze,&nbsp;K Voigt,&nbsp;A Alastruey-Izquierdo,&nbsp;O Kurzai,&nbsp;G Walther","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mucor</i> species are common soil fungi but also known as agents of human infections (mucormycosis) and used in food production and biotechnology. <i>Mucor circinelloides</i> is the <i>Mucor</i> species that is most frequently isolated from clinical sources. The taxonomy of <i>Mucor circinelloides</i> and its close relatives (<i>Mucor circinelloides</i> complex - MCC) is still based on morphology and mating behaviour. The aim of the present study was a revised taxonomy of the MCC using a polyphasic approach. Using a set of 100 strains molecular phylogenetic analysis of five markers (ITS, <i>rpb1</i>, <i>tsr1</i>, <i>mcm7</i>, and <i>cfs</i>, introduced here) were performed, combined with phenotypic studies, mating tests and the determination of the maximum growth temperatures. The multi-locus analyses revealed 16 phylogenetic species of which 14 showed distinct phenotypical traits and were recognised as discrete species. Five of these species are introduced as novel taxa: <i>M. amethystinus</i> sp. nov., <i>M. atramentarius</i> sp. nov., <i>M. variicolumellatus</i> sp. nov., <i>M. pseudocircinelloides</i> sp. nov., and <i>M. pseudolusitanicus</i> sp. nov. The former formae of <i>M. circinelloides</i> represent one or two separate species. In the MCC, the simple presence of well-shaped zygospores only indicates a close relation of both strains, but not necessarily conspecificity. Seven species of the MCC have been implemented in human infection: <i>M. circinelloides</i>, <i>M. griseocyanus, M. janssenii, M. lusitanicus</i>, <i>M. ramosissimus, M. variicolumellatus</i>, and <i>M. velutinosus</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"44 ","pages":"67-97"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3767/persoonia.2020.44.03","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38540245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating methodologies for species delimitation: the mismatch between phenotypes and genotypes in lichenized fungi (<i>Bryoria</i> sect. <i>Implexae</i>, <i>Parmeliaceae</i>).","authors":"C G Boluda, V J Rico, P K Divakar, O Nadyeina, L Myllys, R T McMullin, J C Zamora, C Scheidegger, D L Hawksworth","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.04","DOIUrl":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In many lichen-forming fungi, molecular phylogenetic analyses lead to the discovery of cryptic species within traditional morphospecies. However, in some cases, molecular sequence data also questions the separation of phenotypically characterised species. Here we apply an integrative taxonomy approach - including morphological, chemical, molecular, and distributional characters - to re-assess species boundaries in a traditionally speciose group of hair lichens, <i>Bryoria</i> sect. <i>Implexae</i>. We sampled multilocus sequence and microsatellite data from 142 specimens from a broad intercontinental distribution. Molecular data included DNA sequences of the standard fungal markers ITS, IGS, <i>GAPDH</i>, two newly tested loci (FRBi15 and FRBi16), and SSR frequencies from 18 microsatellite markers. Datasets were analysed with Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic reconstruction, phenogram reconstruction, STRUCTURE Bayesian clustering, principal coordinate analysis, haplotype network, and several different species delimitation analyses (ABGD, PTP, GMYC, and DISSECT). Additionally, past population demography and divergence times are estimated. The different approaches to species recognition do not support the monophyly of the 11 currently accepted morphospecies, and rather suggest the reduction of these to four phylogenetic species. Moreover, three of these are relatively recent in origin and cryptic, including phenotypically and chemically variable specimens. Issues regarding the integration of an evolutionary perspective into taxonomic conclusions in species complexes, which have undergone recent diversification, are discussed. The four accepted species, all epitypified by sequenced material, are <i>Bryoria fuscescens</i>, <i>B. glabra</i>, <i>B. kockiana</i>, and <i>B. pseudofuscescens</i>. Ten species rank names are reduced to synonymy. In the absence of molecular data, they can be recorded as the <i>B. fuscescens</i> complex. Intraspecific phenotype plasticity and factors affecting the speciation of different morphospecies in this group of <i>Bryoria</i> are outlined.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"42 ","pages":"75-100"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a8/05/per-42-75.PMC6712543.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10481069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Pindara</i> revisited - evolution and generic limits in <i>Helvellaceae</i>.","authors":"K Hansen,&nbsp;T Schumacher,&nbsp;I Skrede,&nbsp;S Huhtinen,&nbsp;X-H Wang","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.07","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Helvellaceae</i> encompasses taxa that produce some of the most elaborate apothecial forms, as well as hypogeous ascomata, in the class <i>Pezizomycetes</i> (<i>Ascomycota</i>). While the circumscription of the <i>Helvellaceae</i> is clarified, evolutionary relationships and generic limits within the family are debatable. A robust phylogeny of the <i>Helvellaceae</i>, using an increased number of molecular characters from the LSU rDNA, <i>RPB2</i> and <i>EF-1α</i> gene regions (4 299 bp) and a wide representative sampling, is presented here. <i>Helvella</i> s.lat. was shown to be polyphyletic, because <i>Helvella aestivalis</i> formed a distant monophyletic group with hypogeous species of <i>Balsamia</i> and <i>Barssia</i>. All other species of <i>Helvella</i> formed a large group with the enigmatic <i>Pindara</i> (/<i>Helvella</i>) <i>terrestris</i> nested within it. The ear-shaped <i>Wynnella</i> constitutes an independent lineage and is recognised with the earlier name <i>Midotis</i>. The clade of the hypogeous <i>Balsamia</i> and <i>Barssia</i>, and <i>H. aestivalis</i> is coherent in the three-gene phylogeny, and considering the lack of phenotypic characters to distinguish <i>Barssia</i> from <i>Balsamia</i> we combine species of <i>Barssia</i>, along with <i>H. aestivalis</i>, in <i>Balsamia</i>. The closed/tuberiform, sparassoid <i>H. astieri</i> is shown to be a synonym of <i>H. lactea</i>; it is merely an incidental folded form of the saddle-shaped <i>H. lactea</i>. <i>Pindara</i> is a sister group to a restricted <i>Helvella</i>, i.e., excluding the /<i>leucomelaena</i> lineage, on a notably long branch. We recognise <i>Pindara</i> as a separate genus and erect a new genus <i>Dissingia</i> for the /<i>leucomelaena</i> lineage, viz. <i>H. confusa</i>, <i>H. crassitunicata</i>, <i>H. leucomelaena</i> and <i>H. oblongispora</i>. <i>Dissingia</i> is supported by asci that arise from simple septa; all other species of <i>Helvellaceae</i> have asci that arise from croziers, with one exception being the <i>/alpina-corium</i> lineage of <i>Helvella</i> s.str. This suggests ascus development from croziers is the ancestral state for the <i>Helvellaceae</i> and that ascus development from simple septa has evolved at least twice in the family. Our phylogeny does not determine the evolutionary relationships within <i>Helvella</i> s.str., but it is most parsimonious to infer that the ancestor of the helvelloids produced subsessile or shortly stipitate, cup-shaped apothecia. This shape has been maintained in some lineages of <i>Helvella</i> s.str. The type species of <i>Underwoodia</i>, <i>Underwoodia columnaris</i>, is a sister lineage to the rest of the <i>Helvellaceae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"42 ","pages":"186-204"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.07","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluation of <i>Mycoleptodiscus</i> species and morphologically similar fungi.","authors":"M Hernández-Restrepo,&nbsp;J D P Bezerra,&nbsp;Y P Tan,&nbsp;N Wiederhold,&nbsp;P W Crous,&nbsp;J Guarro,&nbsp;J Gené","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.08","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycoleptodiscus</i> includes plant pathogens, animal opportunists, saprobic and endophytic fungi. The present study presents the first molecular phylogeny and revision of the genus based on four loci, including ITS, LSU, <i>rpb2</i>, and <i>tef1</i>. An extensive collection of <i>Mycoleptodiscus</i> cultures, including ex-type strains from the CBS, IMI, MUCL, BRIP, clinical isolates from the USA, and fresh isolates from Brazil and Spain, was studied morphologically and phylogenetically to resolve their taxonomy. The study showed that <i>Mycoleptodiscus</i> sensu lato is polyphyletic. Phylogenetic analysis places <i>Mycoleptodiscus</i> in <i>Muyocopronales</i> (<i>Dothideomycetes</i>), together with <i>Arxiella</i>, <i>Leptodiscella</i>, <i>Muyocopron</i>, <i>Neocochlearomyces</i>, and <i>Paramycoleptodiscus</i>. <i>Mycoleptodiscus terrestris</i>, the type species, and <i>M. sphaericus</i> are reduced to synonyms, and one new species is introduced, <i>M. suttonii. Mycoleptodiscus atromaculans</i>, <i>M. coloratus</i>, <i>M. freycinetiae</i>, <i>M. geniculatus</i>, <i>M. indicus</i>, <i>M. lateralis</i> (including <i>M. unilateralis</i> and <i>M. variabilis</i> as its synonyms) and <i>M. taiwanensis</i> belong to <i>Muyocopron</i> (<i>Muyocopronales</i>, <i>Dothideomycetes</i>), and <i>M. affinis</i>, and <i>M. lunatus</i> to <i>Omnidemptus</i> (<i>Magnaporthales</i>, <i>Sordariomycetes</i>). Based on phylogenetic analyses we propose <i>Muyocopron alcornii</i> sp. nov., a fungus associated with leaf spots on <i>Epidendrum</i> sp. (<i>Orchidaceae</i>) in Australia, <i>Muyocopron zamiae</i> sp. nov. associated with leaf spots on <i>Zamia</i> (<i>Zamiaceae</i>) in the USA, and <i>Omnidemptus graminis</i> sp. nov. isolated from a grass (<i>Poaceae</i>) in Spain. Furthermore, <i>Neomycoleptodiscus venezuelense</i> gen. & sp. nov. is introduced for a genus similar to <i>Mycoleptodiscus</i> in <i>Muyocopronaceae</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"42 ","pages":"205-227"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.08","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phylogenetic and taxonomic revision of sequestrate <i>Russulaceae</i> in Mediterranean and temperate Europe.","authors":"J M Vidal,&nbsp;P Alvarado,&nbsp;M Loizides,&nbsp;G Konstantinidis,&nbsp;P Chachuła,&nbsp;P Mleczko,&nbsp;G Moreno,&nbsp;A Vizzini,&nbsp;M Krakhmalnyi,&nbsp;A Paz,&nbsp;J Cabero,&nbsp;V Kaounas,&nbsp;M Slavova,&nbsp;B Moreno-Arroyo,&nbsp;J Llistosella","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A comprehensive morphological and genetic study of type material and new collections of sequestrate <i>Russulales</i> species formerly belonging to the genera <i>Arcangeliella</i>, <i>Elasmomyces</i>, <i>Gymnomyces</i>, <i>Hydnangium</i>, <i>Hymenogaster</i>, <i>Macowanites</i>, <i>Martellia</i>, <i>Secotium</i> and <i>Zelleromyces</i> is here undertaken, for the purpose of providing a complete taxonomical revision of sequestrate <i>Russulaceae</i> species in the Mediterranean and temperate regions of Europe. As a result, seven distinct taxa in the genus <i>Lactarius</i> and 18 in the genus <i>Russula</i> are identified. Six of them are new species: <i>L. populicola</i>, <i>L. subgiennensis</i>, <i>R. bavarica</i>, <i>R. candidissima</i>, <i>R. hobartiae</i> and <i>R. mediterraneensis</i>, and seven represent new combinations: <i>L. josserandii</i> (≡ <i>Zelleromyces josserandii</i>), <i>L. soehneri</i> (≡ <i>Hydnangium soehneri</i>), <i>R. candida</i> (≡ <i>Hydnangium candidum</i>), <i>R. cerea</i> (≡ <i>Hydnangium cereum</i>), <i>R. messapica</i> var. <i>messapicoides</i> (≡ <i>Macowanites messapicoides</i>), <i>R. meridionalis</i> (≡ <i>Zelleromyces meridionalis</i>) and <i>R. neuhoffii</i> (≡ <i>Hydnangium neuhoffii</i>). Twenty-two of the 25 taxa are illustrated, while descriptions, microscopy images, as well as extensive information on the ecology, chorology and phylogeny for all taxa are provided. A key is further included to facilitate their identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"42 ","pages":"127-185"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.06","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two new classes of <i>Ascomycota</i>: <i>Xylobotryomycetes</i> and <i>Candelariomycetes</i>.","authors":"H Voglmayr, J Fournier, W M Jaklitsch","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.02","DOIUrl":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phylogenetic analyses of a combined DNA data matrix containing nuclear small and large subunits (nSSU, nLSU) and mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) ribosomal RNA and the largest and second largest subunits of the RNA polymerase II (<i>rpb1</i>, <i>rpb2</i>) of representative <i>Pezizomycotina</i> revealed that the enigmatic genera <i>Xylobotryum</i> and <i>Cirrosporium</i> form an isolated, highly supported phylogenetic lineage within <i>Leotiomyceta</i>. Acknowledging their morphological and phylogenetic distinctness, we describe the new class <i>Xylobotryomycetes</i>, containing the new order <i>Xylobotryales</i> with the two new families <i>Xylobotryaceae</i> and <i>Cirrosporiaceae</i>. The two currently accepted species of <i>Xylobotryum</i>, <i>X. andinum</i> and <i>X. portentosum</i>, are described and illustrated by light and scanning electron microscopy. The generic type species <i>X. andinum</i> is epitypified with a recent collection for which a culture and sequence data are available. Acknowledging the phylogenetic distinctness of <i>Candelariomycetidae</i> from <i>Lecanoromycetes</i> revealed in previous and the current phylogenetic analyses, the new class <i>Candelariomycetes</i> is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"42 ","pages":"36-49"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e5/eb/per-42-36.PMC6712537.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal Planet description sheets: 868-950.","authors":"P W Crous, A J Carnegie, M J Wingfield, R Sharma, G Mughini, M E Noordeloos, A Santini, Y S Shouche, J D P Bezerra, B Dima, V Guarnaccia, I Imrefi, Ž Jurjević, D G Knapp, G M Kovács, D Magistà, G Perrone, T Rämä, Y A Rebriev, R G Shivas, S M Singh, C M Souza-Motta, R Thangavel, N N Adhapure, A V Alexandrova, A C Alfenas, R F Alfenas, P Alvarado, A L Alves, D A Andrade, J P Andrade, R N Barbosa, A Barili, C W Barnes, I G Baseia, J-M Bellanger, C Berlanas, A E Bessette, A R Bessette, A Yu Biketova, F S Bomfim, T E Brandrud, K Bransgrove, A C Q Brito, J F Cano-Lira, T Cantillo, A D Cavalcanti, R Cheewangkoon, R S Chikowski, C Conforto, T R L Cordeiro, J D Craine, R Cruz, U Damm, R J V de Oliveira, J T de Souza, H G de Souza, J D W Dearnaley, R A Dimitrov, F Dovana, A Erhard, F Esteve-Raventós, C R Félix, G Ferisin, R A Fernandes, R J Ferreira, L O Ferro, C N Figueiredo, J L Frank, K T L S Freire, D García, J Gené, A Gêsiorska, T B Gibertoni, R A G Gondra, D E Gouliamova, D Gramaje, F Guard, L F P Gusmão, S Haitook, Y Hirooka, J Houbraken, V Hubka, A Inamdar, T Iturriaga, I Iturrieta-González, M Jadan, N Jiang, A Justo, A V Kachalkin, V I Kapitonov, M Karadelev, J Karakehian, T Kasuya, I Kautmanová, J Kruse, I Kušan, T A Kuznetsova, M F Landell, K-H Larsson, H B Lee, D X Lima, C R S Lira, A R Machado, H Madrid, O M C Magalhães, H Majerova, E F Malysheva, R R Mapperson, P A S Marbach, M P Martín, A Martín-Sanz, N Matočec, A R McTaggart, J F Mello, R F R Melo, A Mešić, S J Michereff, A N Miller, A Minoshima, L Molinero-Ruiz, O V Morozova, D Mosoh, M Nabe, R Naik, K Nara, S S Nascimento, R P Neves, I Olariaga, R L Oliveira, T G L Oliveira, T Ono, M E Ordoñez, A de M Ottoni, L M Paiva, F Pancorbo, B Pant, J Pawłowska, S W Peterson, D B Raudabaugh, E Rodríguez-Andrade, E Rubio, K Rusevska, A L C M A Santiago, A C S Santos, C Santos, N A Sazanova, S Shah, J Sharma, B D B Silva, J L Siquier, M S Sonawane, A M Stchigel, T Svetasheva, N Tamakeaw, M T Telleria, P V Tiago, C M Tian, Z Tkalčec, M A Tomashevskaya, H H Truong, M V Vecherskii, C M Visagie, A Vizzini, N Yilmaz, I V Zmitrovich, E A Zvyagina, T Boekhout, T Kehlet, T Læssøe, J Z Groenewald","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.11","DOIUrl":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.42.11","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: &lt;b&gt;Australia&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Chaetomella pseudocircinoseta&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Coniella pseudodiospyri&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus microcorys&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Cladophialophora eucalypti&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Teratosphaeria dunnii&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Vermiculariopsiella dunnii&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus dunnii&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Cylindrium grande&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Hypsotheca eucalyptorum&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus grandis&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Elsinoe salignae&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus saligna&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Marasmius lebeliae&lt;/i&gt; on litter of regenerating subtropical rainforest, &lt;i&gt;Phialoseptomonium eucalypti&lt;/i&gt; (incl. &lt;i&gt;Phialoseptomonium&lt;/i&gt; gen. nov.) on &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus grandis&lt;/i&gt; × &lt;i&gt;camaldulensis&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Phlogicylindrium pawpawense&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus tereticornis&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Phyllosticta longicauda&lt;/i&gt; as an endophyte from healthy &lt;i&gt;Eustrephus latifolius&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Pseudosydowia eucalyptorum&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus&lt;/i&gt; sp. leaves, &lt;i&gt;Saitozyma wallum&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Banksia aemula&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Teratosphaeria henryi&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Corymbia henryi&lt;/i&gt; leaves&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;Brazil&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Aspergillus bezerrae&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Backusella azygospora&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Mariannaea terricola&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Talaromyces pernambucoensis&lt;/i&gt; from soil, &lt;i&gt;Calonectria matogrossensis&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Eucalyptus urophylla&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Calvatia brasiliensis&lt;/i&gt; on soil, &lt;i&gt;Carcinomyces nordestinensis&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Bromelia antiacantha&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Dendryphiella stromaticola&lt;/i&gt; on small branches of an unidentified plant, &lt;i&gt;Nigrospora brasiliensis&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Nopalea cochenillifera&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Penicillium alagoense&lt;/i&gt; as a leaf endophyte on a &lt;i&gt;Miconia&lt;/i&gt; sp., &lt;i&gt;Podosordaria nigrobrunnea&lt;/i&gt; on dung, &lt;i&gt;Spegazzinia bromeliacearum&lt;/i&gt; as a leaf endophyte on &lt;i&gt;Tilandsia catimbauensis&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Xylobolus brasiliensis&lt;/i&gt; on decaying wood. &lt;b&gt;Bulgaria&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Kazachstania molopis&lt;/i&gt; from the gut of the beetle &lt;i&gt;Molops piceus.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;Croatia&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Mollisia endocrystallina&lt;/i&gt; from a fallen decorticated &lt;i&gt;Picea abies&lt;/i&gt; tree trunk&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;Ecuador&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Hygrocybe rodomaculata&lt;/i&gt; on soil. &lt;b&gt;Hungary&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Alfoldia vorosii&lt;/i&gt; (incl. &lt;i&gt;Alfoldia&lt;/i&gt; gen. nov.) from &lt;i&gt;Juniperus communis&lt;/i&gt; roots, &lt;i&gt;Kiskunsagia ubrizsyi&lt;/i&gt; (incl. &lt;i&gt;Kiskunsagia&lt;/i&gt; gen. nov.) from &lt;i&gt;Fumana procumbens&lt;/i&gt; roots&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;India&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Aureobasidium tremulum&lt;/i&gt; as laboratory contaminant, &lt;i&gt;Leucosporidium himalayensis&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Naganishia indica&lt;/i&gt; from windblown dust on glaciers. &lt;b&gt;Italy&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Neodevriesia cycadicola&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Cycas&lt;/i&gt; sp. leaves, &lt;i&gt;Pseudocercospora pseudomyrticola&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Myrtus communis&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Ramularia pistaciae&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Pistacia lentiscus&lt;/i&gt; leaves, &lt;i&gt;Neognomoniopsis quercina&lt;/i&gt; (incl. &lt;i&gt;Neognomoniopsis&lt;/i&gt; gen. nov.) on &lt;i&gt;Quercus ilex&lt;/i&gt; leaves&lt;i&gt;.&lt;/i&gt; &lt;b&gt;Japan&lt;/b&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Diaporthe fructicola&lt;/i&gt; on &lt;i&gt;Passiflora edulis&lt;/i&gt; × &lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;. &lt;i&gt;edulis&lt;/i&gt; f. &lt;i&gt;flavicarpa&lt;/i&gt; fruit, &lt;i&gt;Entoloma nipponicum&lt;/i&gt; on leaf litter in a mixed ","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"42 ","pages":"291-473"},"PeriodicalIF":9.5,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/60/33/per-42-291.PMC6712538.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41208786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti</i> complex from China.","authors":"M M Wang, Q Chen, Y Z Diao, W J Duan, L Cai","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.43.03","DOIUrl":"10.3767/persoonia.2019.43.03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti</i> species complex (FIESC) is shown to encompass 33 phylogenetic species, across a wide range of habitats/hosts around the world. Here, 77 pathogenic and endophytic FIESC strains collected from China were studied to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within FIESC, based on a polyphasic approach combining morphological characters, multi-locus phylogeny and distribution patterns. The importance of standardised cultural methods to the identification and classification of taxa in the FIESC is highlighted. Morphological features of macroconidia, including the shape, size and septum number, were considered as diagnostic characters within the FIESC. A multi-locus dataset encompassing the 5.8S nuclear ribosomal gene with the two flanking internal transcribed spacers (ITS), translation elongation factor (<i>EF-1α</i>), calmodulin (<i>CAM</i>), partial RNA polymerase largest subunit (<i>RPB1</i>) and partial RNA polymerase second largest subunit (<i>RPB2</i>), was generated to distinguish species within the FIESC. Nine novel species were identified and described. The <i>RPB2</i> locus is demonstrated to be a primary barcode with high success rate in amplification, and to have the best species delimitation compared to the other four tested loci.</p>","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":"43 ","pages":"70-89"},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/9f/21/per-43-70.PMC7085858.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37774100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}