Persoonia最新文献

{"title":"A comprehensive molecular phylogeny of Cephalotrichum and Microascus provides novel insights into their systematics and evolutionary history","authors":"T.P. Wei, Y.M. Wu, X. Zhang, H. Zhang, P.W. Crous, Y.L. Jiang","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.05","url":null,"abstract":"The genera<i> Cephalotrichum</i> and<i> Microascus</i> contain ecologically, morphologically and lifestyle diverse fungi in<i> Microascaceae</i> (<i>Microascales</i>,<i> Sordariomycetes</i>) with a world-wide distribution. Despite previous studies having elucidated that<i> Cephalotrichum</i>\u0000and<i> Microascus</i> are highly polyphyletic, the DNA phylogeny of many traditionally morphology-defined species is still poorly resolved, and a comprehensive taxonomic overview of the two genera is lacking. To resolve this issue, we integrate broad taxon sampling strategies and the most\u0000comprehensive multi-gene (ITS, LSU,<i> tef1</i> and<i> tub2</i>) datasets to date, with fossil calibrations to address the phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among major lineages of<i> Microascaceae</i>. Two previously recognised main clades,<i> Cephalotrichum</i> (24 species)and<i> Microascus</i> (49 species), were re-affirmed based on our phylogenetic analyses, as well as the phylogenetic position of 15 genera within<i> Microascaceae</i>. In this study, we provide an up-to-date overview on the taxonomy and phylogeny of species belonging to<i> Cephalotrichum</i> and<i> Microascus</i>, as well as detailed descriptions and illustrations of 21 species of which eight are newly described. Furthermore, the divergence time estimates indicate that the crown age of<i> Microascaceae</i> was around 210.37 Mya (95% HPD: 177.18–246.96 Mya) in the Late Triassic,\u0000and that<i> Cephalotrichum</i> and<i> Microascus</i> began to diversify approximately 27.07 Mya (95% HPD:20.47–34.37 Mya) and 70.46 Mya (95% HPD:56.96–86.24 Mya), respectively. Our results also demonstrate that multigene sequence data coupled with broad taxon sampling can help\u0000elucidate previously unresolved clade relationships.","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saccharomycetaceae: delineation of fungal genera based on phylogenomic analyses, genomic relatedness indices and genomics-based synapomorphies","authors":"F. Liu, Z.-D. Hu, A. Yurkov, X.-H. Chen, W.-J. Bao, Q. Ma, W.-N. Zhao, S. Pan, X.-M. Zhao, J.-H. Liu, Q.-M. Wang, T. Boekhout","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.01","url":null,"abstract":"A correct classification of fungi, including yeasts, is of prime importance to understand fungal biodiversity and to communicate about this diversity. Fungal genera are mainly defined based on phenotypic characteristics and the results of single or multigene-based phylogenetic analyses.\u0000However, because yeasts often have less phenotypic characters, their classification experienced a strong move towards DNA-based data, from short ribosomal sequences to multigene phylogenies and more recently to phylogenomics. Here, we explore the usefulness of various genomics-based parameters\u0000to circumscribe fungal genera more correctly taking the yeast domain as an example. Therefore, we compared the results of a phylogenomic analysis, average amino acid identity (AAI) values, the presence of conserved signature indels (CSIs), the percentage of conserved proteins (POCP) and the\u0000presence- absence patterns of orthologs (PAPO). These genome-based metrics were used to investigate their usefulness in demarcating 13 hitherto relatively well accepted genera in<i> Saccharomycetaceae</i>, namely<i> Eremothecium</i>,<i> Grigorovia</i>,<i> Kazachstania</i>,<i> Kluyveromyces</i>,<i> Lachancea</i>,<i> Nakaseomyces</i>,<i> Naumovozyma</i>,<i> Saccharomyces</i>,<i> Tetrapisispora</i>,<i> Torulaspora</i>,<i> Vanderwaltozyma</i>,<i> Zygosaccharomyces</i> and<i> Zygotorulaspora. </i> As a result, most of these genera are supported by the genomics-based metrics, but the genera<i> Kazachstania</i> ,<i> Nakaseomyces </i> and<i> Tetrapisispora</i> were shown to be genetically highly diverse based on the above listed analyses. Considering the results obtained for the presently recognized genera, a range of 80–92% POCP values and a range of 60–70 % AAI values\u0000might be valuable thresholds to discriminate genera in<i> Saccharomycetaceae.</i> Furthermore, the genus-specific genes identified in the PAPO analysis and the CSIs were found to be useful as synapomorphies to characterize and define genera in<i> Saccharomycetaceae</i>. Our results indicate\u0000that the combined monophyly-based phylogenomic analysis together with genomic relatedness indices and synapomorphies provide promising approaches to delineating yeast genera and likely those of filamentous fungi as well. The genera<i> Kazachstania</i>,<i> Nakaseomyces</i> and<i> Tetrapisispora</i>\u0000are revised and we propose eight new genera and 41 new combinations.","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single host plant species may harbour more than one species of Peronospora – a case study on Peronospora infecting Plantag","authors":"M. Mu, Y.-J. Choi, J. Kruse, J.A. Crouch, S. Ploch, M. Thines","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.04","url":null,"abstract":"The genus <i>Peronospora</i> is the largest genus of the oomycetes, fungus-like members of the kingdom <i>Straminipila</i> that also contains amoeboid (e.g., <i>Leukarachnion</i>) and plant-like (e.g., <i>Laminaria</i>) life forms. <i>Peronospora</i> species are obligate biotrophic\u0000plant pathogens, causing high economic losses in various crops and ornamentals, including <i>Plantago</i> species. Several species of <i>Plantago</i> are used as specialty crops and medicinal plants. In this study, <i>Peronospora</i> species parasitic on <i>Plantago</i> were investigated based\u0000on morphology and phylogenetic analyses using two nuclear (ITS, nrLSU) loci and one mitochondrial (cox2) locus. As a result of these investigations, 10 new species are added to the already known <i>Peronospora</i> species on <i>Plantago</i>. Interestingly, it was found that four independent\u0000species are parasitic to <i>Plantago majo</i>r, highlighting that the reliance on the host plant for pathogen determination can be misleading in <i>Peronospora</i>. Taking this into account, morphological and phylogenetic analyses should be conducted as a prerequisite for effective quarantine\u0000regulations and phytosanitary measures.","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endless forms most frustrating: disentangling species boundaries in the Ramalina decipiens group (Lecanoromycetes, Ascomycota), with the description of six new species and a key to the group","authors":"M. Blázquez, I. Pérez-Vargas, I. Garrido-Benavent, M. Villar-dePablo, Y. Turégano, C. Frías-López, A. Sánchez-Gracia, A. de los Ríos, F. Gasulla, S. Pérez-Ortega","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.03","url":null,"abstract":"Oceanic islands have been recognized as natural laboratories in which to study a great variety of evolutionary processes. One such process is evolutionary radiations, the diversification of a single ancestor into a number of species that inhabit different environments and differ in\u0000the traits that allow them to exploit those environments. The factors that drive evolutionary radiations have been studied for decades in charismatic organisms such as birds or lizards, but are lacking in lichen-forming fungi, despite recent reports of some lineages showing diversification\u0000patterns congruent with radiation.Here we propose the <i>Ramalina decipiens</i> group as a model system in which to carry out such studies. This group is currently thought to be comprised of five saxicolous species, all of them endemic to the Macaronesian region (the Azores, Madeira, Selvagens,\u0000Canary, and Cape Verde islands). Three species are single-island endemics (a rare geographic distribution pattern in lichens), whereas two are widespread and show extreme morphological variation. The latter are suspected to harbor unrecognized species-level lineages.In order to use the <i>Ramalina\u0000decipiens</i> group as a model system, it is necessary to resolve the group's phylogeny and to clarify its species boundaries. In this study, we attempt to do so following an integrative taxonomy approach. We constructed a phylogenetic tree based on six molecular markers, four of which are\u0000newly developed, and generated competing species hypotheses based on molecular (species discovery strategies based on both single locus and multilocus datasets) and phenotypic data (unsupervised clustering algorithms based on morphology, secondary chemistry, and geographic origin).We found\u0000that taxonomic diversity in the <i>Ramalina decipiens</i> group has been highly underestimated in previous studies. In consequence, we describe six new species, most of them single-island endemics, and provide a key to the group. Phylogenetic relationships among species have been reconstructed\u0000with almost full support which, coupled with the endemic character of the group, makes it an excellent system for the study of island radiations in lichen-forming fungi.","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenomic analysis of the Candida auris- Candida haemuli clade and related taxa in the Metschnikowiaceae, and proposal of thirteen new genera, fifty-five new combinations and nine new species","authors":"F. Liu, Z.-D. Hu, X.-M. Zhao, W.-N. Zhao, Z.-X. Feng, A. Yurkov, S. Alwasel, T. Boekhout, K. Bensch, F.-L. Hui, F.-Y. Bai, Q.-M. Wang","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2024.52.02","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Candida</i> is a polyphyletic genus of sexually reproducing yeasts in the <i>Saccharomycotina</i> with more than 400 species that occur in almost all families of the subclass and its name is strongly connected with the infectious disease candidiasis. During the last two decades,\u0000approximately half of the <i>Candida</i> species have been reassigned into more than 36 already existing genera and 14 newly proposed genera, but the polyphyletic feature of the genus largely remained. <i>Candida auris</i> is an important, globally emerging opportunistic pathogen that has\u0000caused life-threatening outbreaks in healthcare facilities worldwide. This species belongs to the <i>Candida auris</i> - <i>Candida haemuli</i> (CAH) clade in the <i>Metschnikowiaceae</i>, a clade that contains multidrug-resistant clinically relevant species, but also species isolated from\u0000natural environments. The clade is phylogenetically positioned remotely from the type species of the genus <i>Candida</i> that is <i>Candida vulgaris</i> (currently interpreted as a synonym of <i>Candida tropicalis</i>) and belongs to the family <i>Debaryomycetaceae</i>. Although previous\u0000phylogenetic and phylogenomic studies confirmed the position of <i>C. auris</i> in the <i>Metschnikowiaceae</i>, these analyses failed to resolve the position of the CAH clade within the family and its delimitation from the genera <i>Clavispora</i> and <i>Metschnikowia</i>. To resolve the\u0000position of the CAH clade, phylogenomic and comparative genomics analyses were carried out to address the phylogenetic position of <i>C. auris</i> and related species in the <i>Metschnikowiaceae</i> using several metrics, such as the average amino acid identity (AAI) values, the percentage\u0000of conserved proteins (POCP), and the presence-absence patterns of orthologs (PAPO).Based on those approaches, 13 new genera are proposed for various <i>Candida</i> and <i>Hyphopichia</i> species, including members of the CAH clade in the <i>Metschnikowiaceae</i>. As a result, <i>C. auris</i>\u0000and related species are reassigned to the genus <i>Candidozyma</i>. Fifty-five new combinations and nine new species are introduced, and this will reduce the polyphyly of the genus <i>Candida</i>.","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141585899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High species diversity in Diaporthe associated with citrus diseases in China","authors":"X.E. Xiao, Y.D. Liu, F. Zheng, T. Xiong, Y.T. Zeng, W. Wang, X.L. Zheng, Q. Wu, J.P. Xu, P.W. Crous, C. Jiao, H.Y. Li","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.06","url":null,"abstract":"Species in<i> Diaporthe</i> have broad host ranges and cosmopolitan geographic distributions, occurring as endophytes, saprobes and plantpathogens. Previous studies have indicated that many<i> Diaporthe</i> species are associated with<i> Citrus</i>. To further determine the diversity\u0000of<i> Diaporthe</i> species associated with citrus diseases in China, we conducted extensive surveys in major citrus-producing are as from 2017–2020. Diseased tissues we recollected from leaves, fruits, twigs, branches and trunks showing a range of symptoms including melanose, dieback,\u0000gummosis, wood decay and canker. Based on phylogenetic comparisons of DNA sequences of the internal transcribed spacer regions(ITS), calmodulin(<i>cal</i>), histoneH3(<i>his3</i>), translation elongation factor1-alpha (<i>tef1</i>) and beta-tubulin (<i>tub2</i>), 393 isolates from 10 provinces\u0000were identified as belonging to 36 species of<i> Diaporthe</i>, including 32 known species, namely<i> D. apiculata</i>,<i> D. biconispora</i>,<i> D. biguttulata</i>,<i> D. caryae</i>,<i> D. citri</i>,<i> D. citriasiana</i>,<i> D. compacta</i>,<i> D. discoidispora</i>,<i> D. endophytica</i>,<i> D. eres</i>,<i> D. fusicola</i>,<i> D. fulvicolor</i>,<i> D. guangxiensis</i>,<i> D. hongkongensis</i>,<i> D. hubeiensis</i>,<i> D. limonicola</i>,<i> D. litchii</i>,<i> D. novem</i>,<i> D. passifloricola</i>,<i> D. penetriteum</i>,<i> D. pescicola</i>,<i> D. pometiae</i>,<i> D. sackstonii</i>,<i> D. sennicola</i>,<i> D. sojae</i>,<i> D. spinosa</i>,<i> D. subclavata</i>, <i>D. tectonae</i>,<i> D. tibetensis</i>,<i> D. unshiuensis</i>,<i> D. velutina</i> and<i> D. xishuangbanica</i>, and four new species, namely <i> D. gammata</i> ,<i> D. jishouensis</i>,<i> D. ruiliensis </i> and<i> D. sexualispora</i>. Among the 32 known species, 14 are reported for the first time on<i> Citrus</i>,<i> </i> and two are newly reported from China. Among the 36 species,<i> D. citri</i> was the dominant species as exemplified by its high frequency of isolationand virulence. Pathogenicity\u0000tests indicated that most<i> Diaporthe</i> species obtained in this study were weakly aggressive or non-pathogenic to the tested citrus varieties. Only<i> D. citri</i> produced the longest lesion lengths on citrus shoots and induced melanose on citrus leaves. These results further demonstrated\u0000that a rich diversity of<i> Diaporthe</i> species occupy<i> Citrus</i>, but only a few species are harmful and<i> D. citri </i> is the main pathogen for<i> Citrus</i> in China. The present study provides a basis from which targeted monitoring, prevention and control measures can be developed.","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139584185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolution of eleven reported and five novel Podaxis species based on ITS phylogeny, phylogenomics, morphology, ecology, and geographic distribution","authors":"G.S. Li, C.A. Leal-Dutra, A. Cuesta-Maté, B.H. Conlon, N. Peereboom, C. Beemelmanns, D.K. Aanen, S. Rosendahl, Z.W. Debeer, M. Poulsen","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.07","url":null,"abstract":"Thegenus<i> Podaxis</i> was first described from India by Linnaeus in 1771, but several revisions of the genus have left the taxonomy unclear. Forty-four<i> Podaxis</i> species names and nine intraspecific varieties are currently accepted, but most fungarium specimens are labelled<i> Podaxis pistillaris</i>. Recent molecular analyses based on barcoding genes suggest that the genus comprises severals pecies, but their status is largely unresolved. Here we obtained basidiospores and photographs from166 fungarium specimens from around the world and generated a phylogeny basedonr\u0000DNA internal transcribed spacer ITS1, 5.8S and ITS2(ITS), and aphylogenomic analysis of 3839 BUSCO genes from low-coverage genomes for a subset of the specimens. Combining phylogenetics, phylogenomics, morphology, ecology, and geographical distribution, spanning 250 years of collections, we\u0000propose that the genus includes at least 16 unambiguous species. Based on10 type specimens (holotype, paratype, andsyntype), four recorded species were confirmed,<i> P. carcinomalis</i>,<i> P. deflersii</i>,<i> P. emerici</i>, and<i> P. farlowii</i>. Comparing phylogenetic analysis with described\u0000species, including morphology, ecology, and distribution, we resurrected<i> P. termitophilus</i> and designated neotypes, epitypes, orlectotypes for five previously described species,<i> P. aegyptiacus</i>,<i> P. africana</i>,<i> P. beringamensis</i>,<i> P. calyptratus</i> and<i> P. perraldieri</i>.\u0000Lastly, based on phylogenies and morphology of type material, we synonymized three reported species,<i> P. algericus</i>,<i> P. arabicus</i>, and<i> P. rugospora</i> with<i> P. pistillaris</i>, and described five newspecies that we named<i> P. desolatus</i>,<i> P. inyoensis</i>,<i> P. mareebaensis</i>,<i> P. namaquensis</i>, and<i> P. namibensis</i>.","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139584298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungal Planet description sheets: 1550–1613","authors":"P.W. Crous, M.M. Costa, H. Kandemir, M. Vermaas, D. Vu, L. Zhao, E. Arumugam, A. Flakus, Ž. Jurjević, M. Kaliyaperumal, S. Mahadevakumar, R. Murugadoss, R.G. Shivas, Y.P. Tan, M.J. Wingfield, S.E. Abell, T.S. Marney, C. Danteswari, V. Darmostuk, C.M. Denchev, T.T. Denchev, J. Etayo, J. Gené, S. Gunaseelan, V. Hubka, T. Illescas, G.M. Jansen, K. Kezo, S. Kumar, E. Larsson, K.T. Mufeeda, M. Pitek, P. Rodriguez-Flakus, P.V.S.R.N. Sarma, M. Stryjak-Bogacka, D. Torres-Garcia, J. Vauras, D.A. Acal, A. Akulov, K. Alhudaib, M. Asif, S. Balashov, H.-O. Baral, A. Baturo-Cieniewska, D. Begerow, A. Beja-Pereira, M.V. Bianchinotti, P. Bilaski, S. Chandranayaka, N. Chellappan, D.A. Cowan, F.A. Custódio, P. Czachura, G. Delgado, N.I. Desilva, J. Dijksterhuis, M. Dueñas, P. Eisvand, V. Fachada, J. Fournier, Y. Fritsche, F. Fuljer, K.G.G. Ganga, M.P. Guerra, K. Hansen, N. Hywel-Jones, A.M. Ismail, C.R. Jacobs, R. Jankowiak, A. Karich, M. Kemler, K. Kisło, W. Klofac, I. Krisai-Greilhuber, K.P.D. Latha, R. Lebeuf, M.E. Lopes, S. Lumyong, J.G. Maciá-Vicente, G. Maggs-Kölling, D. Magistà, P. Manimohan, M.P. Martín, E. Mazur, M. Mehrabi-Koushki, A.N. Miller, A. Mombert, E.A. Ossowska, K. Patejuk, O.L. Pereira, S. Piskorski, M. Plaza, A.R. Podile, A. Polhorský, W. Pusz, M. Raza, M. Ruszkiewicz-Michalska, M. Saba, R.M. Sánchez, R. Singh, L Liwa, M.E. Smith, V.M. Stefenon, D. Strašiftáková, N. Suwannarach, K. Szczepaska, M.T. Telleria, D.S. Tennakoon, M. Thines, R.G. Thorn, J. Urbaniak, M. Vandervegte, V. Vasan, C. Vila-Viçosa, H. Voglmayr, M. Wrzosek, J. Zappelini, J.Z. Groenewald","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.08","url":null,"abstract":"Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows:<b> Argentina</b>,<i> Neocamarosporium halophilum </i> in leaf spots of<i> Atriplex undulata</i>.<b> Australia</b> ,<i> Aschersonia merianiae<b> </b>\u0000</i> on scale insect (<i>Coccoidea</i>),<i> Curvularia huamulaniae</i> isolated from air,<i> Hevansia mainiae</i> on dead spider,<i> Ophiocordyceps poecilometigena</i> on<i> Poecilometis</i> sp.<b> Bolivia</b>,<i> Lecanora menthoides</i> on sandstone, in open semi-desert montane areas,<i> Sticta monlueckiorum</i> corticolous in a forest,<i> Trichonectria epimegalosporae</i> on apothecia of corticolous<i> Mega-lospora sulphurata </i> var.<i> sulphurata</i>,<i> Trichonectria puncteliae</i> on the thallus of<i> Punctelia borreri</i>.<b> Brazil</b>,<i> Catenomargarita pseudocercosporicola</i> (incl.<i> Catenomargarita</i> gen. nov.)\u0000hyperparasitic on<i> Pseudocercospora fijiensis</i> on leaves of<i> Musa acuminata</i> ,<i> Tulasnella restingae</i> on protocorms and roots of<i> Epidendrum fulgens</i>. <b>Bulgaria</b>, <i>Anthracoidea umbrosae</i> on<i> Carex</i> spp.<b> Croatia</b>,<i> Hymenoscyphus radicis</i> from surface-sterilised,\u0000asymptomatic roots of<i> Microthlaspi erraticum</i>,<i> Orbilia multiserpentina</i> on wood of decorticated branches of<i> Quercus pubescens</i>.<b> France</b>,<i> Calosporella punctatispora</i> on dead corticated twigs of<i> Acer opalus</i>.<b> French West Indies (Martinique)</b>,<i> Eutypella\u0000lechatii</i> on dead corticatedpalmstem.<b> Germany</b>,<i> Arrhenia alcalinophila</i> onloamysoil.<b> Iceland</b>,<i> Cistella blauvikensis</i> on dead grass (<i>Poaceae</i>).<b> India</b>,<i> Fulvifomes maritimus</i> on living<i> Peltophorum pterocarpum</i>,<i> Fulvifomes natarajanii</i>\u0000on dead wood of<i> Prosopis juliflora</i>,<i> Fulvifomes subazonatus</i> on trunk of<i> Azadirachta indica</i>,<i> Macrolepiota bharadwajii<b> </b>\u0000</i> on moist soil near the forest,<i> Narcissea delicata</i> on decaying elephant dung,<i> Paramyrothecium indicum</i> on living leaves of<i> Hibiscus hispidissimus</i>,<i> Trichoglossum syamviswanathii</i> onmoistsoilnearthebaseofabambooplantation.<b> Iran</b>,<i> Vacuiphoma astragalicola</i> from stem canker of<i> Astragalus sarcocolla</i> .<b> Malaysia</b>,<i> Neoeriomycopsis fissistigmae</i> (incl.<i> Neoeriomycopsidaceae</i>\u0000fam. nov.) on leaf spotso n flower<i> Fissistigma</i> sp.<b> Namibia</b>,<i> Exophiala lichenicola</i> lichenicolous on<i> Acarospora</i> cf.<i> luederitzensis</i>.<b> Netherlands</b> ,<i> Entoloma occultatum</i> on soil,<i> Extremus caricis</i> on dead leaves of<i> Carex</i> sp.,<i> Inocybe\u0000pseudomytiliodora</i> onloamysoil.<b> Norway</b>,<i> Inocybe guldeniae</i> on calcareous soil,<i> Inocybe</i> rupestroides on gravelly soil. <b>Pakistan</b>, <i>Hymenagaricus brunneodiscus</i> on soil. <b>Philippines</b>, <i>Ophiocordyceps philippinensis </i>parasitic on Asilus sp. <b>Poland</b>,\u0000<i>Hawksworthiomyces ciconiae</i> isolated from <","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139584190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-examination of the Southern Hemisphere truffle genus Amylascus (Pezizaceae, Ascomycota) and characterization of the sister genus Nothoamylascus gen. nov.","authors":"R.A. Healy, C. Truong, M.A. Castellano, G. Bonito, J. Trappe, M.V. Caiafa, A.B. Mujic, E. Nouhra, S. Sánchez-Ramírez, M.E. Smith","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.03","url":null,"abstract":"Amylascus is a genus of ectomycorrhizal truffles within Pezizaceae that is known from Australia and contains only two described species, A. herbertianus and A. tasmanicus . Species of Amylascus are closely related to truffles ( Pachyphlodes , Luteoamylascus ) and cup fungi ( Plicariella ) from the Northern Hemisphere. Here we reevaluate the species diversity of Amylascus and related taxa from southern South America and Australia based on new morphological and molecular data. We identify previously undocumented diversity and morphological variability in ascospore color, ascospore ornamentation, hymenial construction, epithecium structure and the amyloid reaction of the ascus in Melzer’s reagent. We redescribe two Amylascus species from Australia and describe seven new Amylascus species, five from South America and two from Australia. This is the first report of Amylascus species from South America. We also describe the new South American genus Nothoamylascus as sister lineage to the Pachyphlodes - Amylascus - Luteoamylascus clade (including Amylascus , Luteoamylascus , Pachyphlodes , and Plicariella ). We obtained ITS sequences of mitotic spore mats from Nothoamylascus erubescens gen. &amp; sp. nov. and four of the seven newly described Amylascus species, providing the first evidence of mitotic spore mats in Amylascus . Additional ITS sequences from mitotic spore mats reveal the presence of nine additional undescribed Amylascus and one Nothoamylascus species that do not correspond to any sampled ascomata. We also identify three additional undescribed Amylascus species based on environmental sequences from the feces of two ground-dwelling bird species from Chile, Scelorchilus rubecula and Pteroptochos tarnii . Our results indicate that ascomata from Amylascus and Nothoamylascus species are rarely collected, but molecular data from ectomycorrhizal roots and mitotic spore mats indicate that these species are probably common and widespread in southern South America. Finally, we present a time-calibrated phylogeny that is consistent with a late Gondwanan distribution. The time since the most recent common ancestor of: 1) the family Pezizaceae had a mean of 276 Ma (217–337 HPD); 2) the Amylascus - Pachyphlodes - Nothoamylascus - Luteoamylascus clade had a mean of 79 Ma (60–100 HPD); and 3) the Amylascus - Pachyphlodes clade had a mean of 50 Ma (38–62 HPD). The crown age of Pachyphlodes had a mean of 39 Ma (25–42 HPD) and Amylascus had a mean age of 28 Ma (20–37 HPD), falling near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary and the onset of the Antarctic glaciation (c. 35 Ma).","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136008597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stop black and white thinking: Russula subgenus Compactae (Russulaceae, Russulales) in Europe revised","authors":"R. De Lange, J. Kleine, F. Hampe, P. Asselman, C. Manz, E. De Crop, L. Delgat, S. Adamčík, A. Verbeken","doi":"10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2023.51.04","url":null,"abstract":"Russula subgenus Compactae is a group of ectomycorrhizal basidiomycetes, usually with large pileate fruitbodies. European members of the group are characterised by the absence of bright colours on the surfaces of their pilei, the context turning grey to black after cutting, the abundance of short lamellulae in the hymenophore, and spores with an inamyloid suprahilar spot and with low reticulate ornamentation. Our multi-locus phylogenetic study confirmed that this morphological delimitation corresponds to a well-supported clade. Within this clade, 16 species are recognised in Europe, of which five belong to the R. albonigra lineage and were described in a previous study, while eleven are fully described in this study. The application of the names R. acrifolia , R. adusta , R. anthracina , R. atramentosa , R. densissima , R. nigricans and R. roseonigra is based on the position of sequences retrieved from types or authentic material. Based on type sequences, R. fuliginosa is synonymised with R. anthracina and two varieties of R. anthracina are considered synonyms of R. atramentosa . The application of the name R. densifolia is based on a morphological match with the traditional species interpretation and the neotype specimen. Three species are described as new, R. marxmuelleriana sp. nov., R. picrophylla sp. nov. and R. thuringiaca sp. nov. This study recognises three major lineages and two species with isolated positions within the European Compactae and a morphological barcode was assigned to the species using an analysis of 23 selected characters. A search of publicly available sequences from the UNITE database revealed that the majority of species are host tree generalists and widely distributed in temperate and Mediterranean areas of Europe. Russula adusta is the only species so far proven to form ectomycorrhiza exclusively with conifers.","PeriodicalId":20014,"journal":{"name":"Persoonia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135158313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}