Pediatric Investigation最新文献

{"title":"Pityriasis versicolor on the scalp: An unusual distribution of a common disease.","authors":"Lijuan Wang, Huan Xing","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12387","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 3","pages":"216-217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5c/ad/PED4-7-216.PMC10509390.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41145763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is fat-free mass-based gentamicin dosing regimen preferable than whole-body weight in neonates?","authors":"Kannan Sridharan, Muna Al Jufairi, Eman Al Ansari, Lulwa Alsadah, Howra Wasel","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12386","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Body fluid dynamics and renal maturation status vary during the neonatal period. We hypothesized that differences in peak and trough gentamicin concentrations could be expected.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To predict the peak and trough gentamicin concentrations in critically ill neonates and to predict the changes in the predicted peak plasma concentrations of gentamicin following fat-free mass dosing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Critically ill neonates that received gentamicin and have gentamicin concentration measured were recruited. Fat mass was estimated using skinfold thicknesses. Changes in the peak plasma concentrations (C_max) using whole-body weight (estimated using the current dosing regimen) and predicted concentrations following the fat-free mass-based dosing were the outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-nine critically ill neonates were recruited. Sub-therapeutic C_max was estimated using the current dosing regimen in 32.6%, and 22.5% neonates following the first and second doses of gentamicin. Preterm neonates had significantly higher fat mass compared to term neonates. All except one had C_max above 12 μg/ml after the first dose and all had after the second gentamicin dose following the predicted fat-free mass-based gentamicin dosing. The recommended doses are as follows: extreme preterm: 7.95 mg/kg every 48 h; very preterm: 7.30 mg/kg every 36-48 h; late preterm: 5.90 mg/kg every 36-48 h; and term neonates at 5.10 mg/kg every 24 h.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Fat-free mass dosing may be considered for obtaining optimal therapeutic effects in the neonatal population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 2","pages":"86-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f6/46/PED4-7-86.PMC10262884.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10029859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 69 cases of neonatal appendicitis.","authors":"Yong Zhao, Caihan Tang, Jinshi Huang, Junmin Liao, Yichao Gu, Kaiyun Hua, Yanan Zhang, Yongwei Chen, Shuangshuang Li","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12384","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Neonatal appendicitis (NA) is a rare and potentially fatal neonatal disease. However, misdiagnosis is common owing to atypical clinical manifestations and non-specific laboratory tests.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to summarize the clinical characteristics, treatments, and prognoses of infants with NA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included 69 patients diagnosed with NA admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital between 1980 and 2019. The patients were divided into surgical and non-surgical groups based on whether surgery was performed. Their clinical characteristics were analyzed using the chi-square test, <i>t</i>-test, or the Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 47 males and 22 females with NA. The primary symptoms were abdominal distension (<i>n</i> = 36, 52.2%), fever (<i>n</i> = 19, 27.5%), refusal to feed or decreased feeding (<i>n</i> = 16, 23.2%), and vomiting (<i>n</i> = 15, 21.7%). Sixty-five patients underwent abdominal ultrasound examinations; 43 had definite appendiceal abnormalities, 10 had right lower abdominal adhesive masses, and 14 had neonatal enterocolitis manifestations. Twenty-nine and 40 patients were in the surgical and non-surgical groups, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding sex, age at onset, birth weight, admission weight, or hospitalization time. However, parenteral nutrition was prolonged in the surgical group (<i>P</i> = 0.001). Additionally, two patients (2.9%) died.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>NA is a rare neonatal disease with atypical clinical manifestations. Abdominal ultrasonography may aid in the diagnosis. Similarly, appropriate treatment can improve the prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 2","pages":"95-101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/46/fd/PED4-7-95.PMC10262871.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10029866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel pathogenic variant of <i>CEP164</i> in an infant with Senior-Loken syndrome.","authors":"Lili Liu, Yunyu Zhou, Yue Liu, Jiaojiao Ding, Yan Xie, Ningdong Li","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12385","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12385","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 2","pages":"140-143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4e/6b/PED4-7-140.PMC10262869.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9647641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infantile hemangiomas screening modalities for primary care physicians.","authors":"Stylianos Roupakias, Eirini Kostopoulou, Despoina Gkentzi, Sotirios Fouzas, Xenophon Sinopidis","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12383","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infantile hemangiomas are the most common benign vascular tumors in children. They present a characteristic natural history of spontaneous involution after a phase of initial proliferation. A small but significant minority demonstrates incomplete regression or complications and requires prompt intervention. Prediction of the evolution of infantile hemangiomas is challenging because of their morphological and behavioral heterogeneity. The decision between referral for treatment and observation is sometimes difficult, especially among non-expert physicians, with the risk of missing the period for optimizing outcomes in case of delayed intervention. The aim of this review is to update our knowledge, especially of the primary care providers, regarding the ongoing difficulties of the early clinical evaluation of infantile hemangiomas, and to outline the importance of current practical scoring tools for the identification of the lesions which require expert consultation and referral.</p>","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 3","pages":"199-205"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/dc/cc/PED4-7-199.PMC10509409.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41137561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nirsevimab brings breakthrough in the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants - Importance of design.","authors":"Getu Zhaori","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12377","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12377","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 2","pages":"144-146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/49/14/PED4-7-144.PMC10262870.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new column in this journal - Forum on Clinical Investigation.","authors":"Getu Zhaori","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12378","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12378","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 2","pages":"147-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/44/58/PED4-7-147.PMC10262868.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of activity and face masks on exhaled particles in children.","authors":"Peter P Moschovis, Jesiel Lombay, Jennifer Rooney, Sara R Schenkel, Dilpreet Singh, Shawheen J Rezaei, Nora Salo, Amanda Gong, Lael M Yonker, Jhill Shah, Douglas Hayden, Patricia L Hibberd, Philip Demokritou, T Bernard Kinane","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12376","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12376","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Despite the high burden of respiratory infections among children, the production of exhaled particles during common activities and the efficacy of face masks in children have not been sufficiently studied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effect of type of activity and mask usage on exhaled particle production in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy children were asked to perform activities that ranged in intensity (breathing quietly, speaking, singing, coughing, and sneezing) while wearing no mask, a cloth mask, or a surgical mask. The concentration and size of exhaled particles were assessed during each activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-three children were enrolled in the study. Average exhaled particle concentration increased by intensity of activity, with the lowest particle concentration during tidal breathing (1.285 particles/cm³ [95% CI 0.943, 1.627]) and highest particle concentration during sneezing (5.183 particles/cm³ [95% CI 1.911, 8.455]). High-intensity activities were associated with an increase primarily in the respirable size (≤ 5 µm) particle fraction. Surgical and cloth masks were associated with lower average particle concentration compared to no mask (<i>P</i> = 0.026 for sneezing). Surgical masks outperformed cloth masks across all activities, especially within the respirable size fraction. In a multivariable linear regression model, we observed significant effect modification of activity by age and by mask type.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>Similar to adults, children produce exhaled particles that vary in size and concentration across a range of activities. Production of respirable size fraction particles (≤ 5 µm), the dominant mode of transmission of many respiratory viruses, increases significantly with coughing and sneezing and is most effectively reduced by wearing surgical face masks.</p>","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 2","pages":"75-85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/26/5e/PED4-7-75.PMC10262878.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10471810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A great pediatrician and scholar devoting his whole life to pediatric infectious and digestive diseases—In memoriam of Professor Yongsui Dong","authors":"Xinglou Liu, S. Shu, S. Gong, Xiaoping Luo, F. Fang","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ped4.12373","url":null,"abstract":"Professor Dong graduated from the Medical College of Fudan University (formerly Shanghai First Medical College) with excellent grades in 1956. Then he worked at Zhongnan Tongji Medical College (now Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology) and its affiliated Wuhan Tongji Hospital. He soon became the backbone of the college and was responsible for establishing the Department of Pediatrics. With the aspiration of being “a good physician, a good teacher, and a good scholar”, Professor Dong strived to be progressive and comprehensive in clinical practice, teaching, and scientific research. He had devoted his whole life to safeguarding children’s health, developing pediatrics, and cultivating excellent pediatricians in China.","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"24 1","pages":"150 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78987688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective antimicrobial therapies of urinary tract infections among children in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review.","authors":"Rifat Ara, Sarker Mohammad Nasrullah, Zarrin Tasnim, Sadia Afrin, Mohammad Delwer Hossain Hawlader, K M Saif-Ur-Rahman","doi":"10.1002/ped4.12375","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ped4.12375","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Importance: </strong>Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common infections encountered in infancy and childhood. Despite the emerging problem of antibiotic resistance in recent years, the use of antibiotics for better management of UTIs is inevitable.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to explore the efficacy and adverse effects of the available antimicrobial agents that are used in pediatric UTIs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Five electronic databases were searched to identify relevant articles. Two reviewers independently performed screening, data extraction, and quality assessment of the available literature. Randomized controlled trials providing antimicrobial interventions in both male and female participants within the age range of 3 months to 17 years in LMICs were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six randomized controlled trials from 13 LMICs were included in this review (four trials explored the efficacy). Due to high heterogeneity across the studies, a meta-analysis was not performed. Other than attrition and reporting bias, the risk of bias was moderate to high due to poor study designs. The differences in the efficacy and adverse events of different antimicrobials were not found to be statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>This review indicates the necessity for additional clinical trials on children from LMICs with more significant sample numbers, adequate intervention periods, and study design.</p>","PeriodicalId":19992,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Investigation","volume":"7 2","pages":"102-110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/0f/84/PED4-7-102.PMC10262900.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9656029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}