Pharmaceutical Biology最新文献

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2444094","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2444094","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11703392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142876902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apigenin attenuates the atherosclerotic lesions through enhancing selective autophagy/lipophagy and promoting RCT process.","authors":"Zixuan Hu, Yuting Li, Nan Yao, Haining Gan, Qiaohuang Zeng, Xuejun Huang, Dane Huang, Dake Cai, Yuxing Chen","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2509020","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2509020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Apigenin, a naturally flavonoid, is reported to have protective effects in chronic and metabolic diseases. But the therapeutic or ameliorative effects of apigenin on atherosclerosis are not known.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Our study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of apigenin on preventing atherosclerosis by enhancing selective autophagy/lipophagy and promoting RCT process.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>ApoE^-/- mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 18 weeks were used to establish atherosclerosis model. Oil-Red-O staining of the plaques in the aorta and the heart was used to determine the severity of atherosclerosis. The autophagy flux was evaluated by western blot and reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Then triton WR-1339 (TWR) was injected into muscles of C57BL/6 mice, and the role of autophagy was assessed by autophagy inhibitor LY294002 intervention. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence microscopy analysis (IFM) were used to elucidate the lipid-lowering mechanism of apigenin.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In HFD-induced mice, apigenin inhibited the dangerous progression of atherosclerosis through decreasing lipid deposition in plaques, lowering serum and liver lipid contents, activating autophagy and promoting reverse cholesterol transport (RCT). In TWR-induced mice, apigenin reduced the serum and liver lipid levels, enhanced the autophagy flux and increased RCT, but the above effects of apigenin were weakened by LY294002. The TEM and IFM images revealed that apigenin promoted the formation of autophagosomes and the co-localization between autophagy proteins with lipid protein.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The lipid-lowering effects of apigenin were mediated through promoting RCT and enhancing selective lipophagy, meanwhile it provided a potential therapeutic option for atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"387-401"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12107649/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenolic compounds from <i>Origanum majorana</i> with biofilm-inhibitory activity against methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> strains.","authors":"Annamária Kincses, Tasneem Sultan Abu Ghazal, Katalin Veres, Gabriella Spengler, Judit Hohmann","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2511805","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2511805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Antibiotic resistance in bacteria is a growing global problem, with biofilm formation and efflux pumps playing crucial roles in this issue.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explores the effects of phenolic compounds of <i>Origanum majorana</i> against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) strains by inhibiting biofilm formation and efflux pumps.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The methanolic extract of <i>O. majorana</i> was fractionated guided by an antibiofilm assay, and the active fractions were analyzed by multistep chromatographic separation to yield five pure compounds. Their structures were then determined using 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds were determined <i>via</i> the microdilution method in a 96-well plate. Antibiofilm activity was assessed using the crystal violet method, and the effect on efflux pumps was tested by a real-time ethidium bromide accumulation assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Arbutin (<b>1</b>), apigenin 7-<i>O</i>-glucoside (<b>2</b>), 6'-caffeoylarbutin (<b>3</b>), rosmarinic acid (<b>4</b>), and 2-deoxy-d-1,4-ribonolactone (<b>5</b>) were isolated from the aqueous methanolic extract. Compounds <b>1</b>, <b>2</b>, and <b>4</b> reduced <i>E. coli</i> biofilm formation by 24.82%-42.98% at 100 µM, whereas only arbutin (<b>1</b>) moderately suppressed biofilm formation of MRSA (23.15 ± 1.56% at 50 µM). Arbutin also demonstrated efflux pump inhibitory activity against MRSA (relative fluorescence index of 0.49 at 100 µM).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The newly discovered natural antibiofilm agents show promise as candidates for treating biofilm-associated infections and combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"402-410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12135086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144209116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tanshinone IIA reduces tubulointerstitial fibrosis by suppressing GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis.","authors":"Xueling Yang, Qinglin Luo, Zhifen Wu, Chunxuan Wang, Yuanjing Yang, Luquan Zheng, Ke Li, Lei Zhao, Yang Jurong","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2498166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2025.2498166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a bioactive compound derived from the traditional Chinese herb <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza (Family Lamiaceae, Authority Bunge)</i>, is well-known for its protective effects in various kidney diseases. However, its role in obstructive nephropathy has not been thoroughly investigated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the protective effects of Tan IIA in a mouse model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and to elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Gasdermin D (GSDMD) knockout mice and their wild-type (WT) littermates underwent UUO surgery, with Tan IIA treatment administered 24 h prior. Human proximal tubular cells (HK-2 cells) were treated with TGF-β1 to induce fibrosis (50 ng/mL for 24 h), followed by Tan IIA treatment (5 μM) for an additional 3 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tan IIA significantly reduced the expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, including collagen I, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), vimentin and fibronectin, in UUO mice. Tan IIA attenuated GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis. However, in GSDMD knockout mice subjected to UUO, the protective effects of Tan IIA on ECM gene expression and collagen deposition in the tubular interstitium were reduced. <i>In vitro</i> studies showed that Tan IIA reduced GSDMD activation and fibronectin protein expression in HK-2 cells.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Tan IIA may mitigate GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis in renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) and reduce kidney fibrosis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic strategy to prevent the progression of kidney disease after ureteral obstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"364-373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12064128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143987255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2580182","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2580182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"730"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12557815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145368570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive constituents from the edible seaweed <i>Halymenia hawaiiana</i> (Rhodophyta).","authors":"Achara Raksat, Md Samiul Huq Atanu, Karla J McDermid, Marisa M Wall, Boon Loong Chang, Supakit Wongwiwatthananukit, Leng Chee Chang","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2521285","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2521285","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The marine macroalga, <i>Halymenia hawaiiana</i>, holds significant commercial potential due to its culinary uses among various ethnic groups in Hawai'i and its success in aquaculture.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the chemical components and potential medicinal properties of <i>H. hawaiiana</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Dried, ground <i>H. hawaiiana</i> was sequentially extracted with three solvents: ethyl acetate, methanol, and <i>n</i>-butanol. Chromatographic procedures were sequentially applied, leading to the isolation of several compounds. Structure determination of these compounds was performed using spectroscopic methods. The isolated compounds were then assessed through several <i>in vitro</i> assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 11 compounds were isolated and identified: two nucleosides (<b>1</b> and <b>2</b>), a cytosine analog (<b>3</b>), five saturated long-chain fatty acids (<b>4</b>-<b>8</b>), cholesterol (<b>9</b>), and two of its derivatives (<b>10</b>-<b>11</b>) were isolated. Compounds <b>10</b> and <b>11</b> displayed promising antimicrobial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, both exhibiting MIC values of 8 μg/mL, and methicillin-susceptible <i>S. aureus</i>, with MIC values of 32 and 64 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, using a cell culture model, compounds <b>9</b>, <b>10</b>, and <b>11</b> exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects as indicated by their inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, with IC₅₀ values ranging from 50.2 to 60.8 µM. These compounds also effectively inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells with IC₅₀ values of 55-73.7 µM without inducing cytotoxicity. Compounds <b>9-11</b> also exhibited mild cytotoxicity against the non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549, with compound <b>10</b> eliciting the strongest response (IC₅₀ 86.1 µM).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study uncovered a diverse array of constituents from <i>H. hawaiiana</i>. Notably, compounds <b>10</b> and <b>11</b>, which feature peroxide side chains, show significant promise as lead compounds for the development of novel anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"447-459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12203697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144497648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial effects of <i>Elaeagnus rhamnoides</i> (L.) A. Nelson and its most abundant flavonoids on the main mechanisms related to diabetic bone disease.","authors":"Roman Biro, Radoslav Omelka, Anna Sarocka, Noemi Penzes, Veronika Kovacova, Vladimira Mondockova, Monika Martiniakova","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2523392","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2523392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Diabetes mellitus represents a group of metabolic disorders that can adversely affect numerous organ systems, including the skeletal system. It elevates bone fragility and causes secondary osteoporosis, known as diabetic bone disease (DBD). The treatment of DBD depends on the control of hyperglycemia supplemented with anti-osteoporotic agents, but this has unsatisfactory efficiency.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This article provides a comprehensive review on the effects of <i>Elaeagnus rhamnoides</i> (L.) A. Nelson (sea buckthorn; family <i>Elaeagnaceae</i>), a prospective anti-diabetic and osteoprotective supplement, and its most abundant flavonoids (quercetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol) on major mechanisms related to DBD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>'Sea buckthorn' (SB), 'quercetin', 'isorhamnetin', 'kaempferol', 'DBD', 'hyperglycemia', 'inflammatory state', 'insulin resistance' (IR), 'advanced glycation end products' (AGEs) were used as keywords, and relevant literature was obtained from online databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus).</p><p><strong>Results and conclusions: </strong>SB and flavonoids mentioned above exert hypoglycemic and anti-inflammatory properties, attenuate IR, inhibit AGEs formation, thereby positively affecting the main DBD-related mechanisms. The direct effect of SB on DBD has not been investigated yet, but the beneficial impact of quercetin on DBD has been revealed. Therefore, it can be assumed that SB could favorably influence DBD, as its great potential to treat other bone-related diseases (osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis) has been reported. Further research, including high-quality <i>in vitro</i> and animal model studies, as well as large-scale clinical trials, is needed to confirm such a putative positive effect and to identify more efficient therapies against various diabetic complications, including DBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"460-489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12231332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144554101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modified Xiao-Qing-Long-decoction prevents inflammation and promotes Nur77 expression in mice with acute respiratory distress syndrome by inhibiting HDAC7 expression.","authors":"Qing Zhang, Yafen Liu, Lu Jiang, Dongdong Yang","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2459247","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2459247","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Modified Xiao-Qing-Long-decoction (MXQLD) is believed to have the potential to alleviate lung diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We explored the effects and mechanisms of MXQLD in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into sham (distilled water), model (distilled water), MXQLD (1 g/kg MXQLD), DEX (distilled water + 0.7 mg/kg dexamethasone), MXQLD + oe-HDAC7 (HDAC7 over-expression + 1 g/kg MXQLD) groups. Except for HDAC7 over-expression on day 0 and dexamethasone injection on day 12, all treatments were administered every two days from day 0 to day 10. On day 12, except for the sham group, all mice underwent cecal ligation and puncture surgery to establish ARDS models. After surgery, pulmonary functions, protein concentration of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissue morphology in mice were detected. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory cytokine concentrations (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in BALF supernatant and serum were quantified. Additionally, HDAC7, Nur77, ZO-1, occludin, and claudin protein expressions were detected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MXQLD treatment improved pulmonary functions and alleviated lung injury for ARDS mice. Furthermore, MXQLD treatment decreased protein concentration in BALF, and inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine release in BALF supernatant and serum for ARDS mice. Additionally, MXQLD treatment down-regulated HDAC7 expression, but up-regulated Nur77, ZO-1, occludin, and claudin expressions for ARDS mice. Importantly, the preventive effects of MXQLD in ARDS mice were reversed by HDAC7 over-expression.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>MXQLD may prevent inflammation and promote Nur77 expression in ARDS by inhibiting HDAC7 expression, indicating that MXQLD may be a promising drug for preventing ARDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"110-117"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11795767/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring chemical composition, anti-acetylcholinesterase, and anticancer activities of <i>Pistacia atlantica</i> Desf.","authors":"Chahrazad Bakka, Huseyin Akşit, Wafa Zahnit, Bihter Şahin, Ali Aydin, Ozge Tokul-Olmez, Mehmet Ozturk, Ouanissa Smara, Hocine Dendougui, Mohamed Hadjadj, Ayomide Victor Atoki, Mohammed Messaoudi","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2583835","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2583835","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The Atlas Pistachio (<i>Pistacia atlantica</i> Desf.) possesses numerous applications for therapeutic purposes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We set out to test various extracts from <i>Pistacia atlantica</i> Desf. fruits and leaves for their anticancer and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory effects. In addition to discovering the phytochemical profile of <i>P. atlantica</i> extracts responsible for the pharmacological effects that were researched.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The anti-acetylcholinesterase activity was performed against the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme. Anticancer assays were investigated by evaluating the antiproliferative and cytotoxicity potentials against five cancerous cell lines using the [3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] (MMT:Medical training therapy) assay. The phenolic profile was established against phenolic standards using high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In anticholinesterase activity, the extracts of <i>P. atlantica</i> inhibited AChE activity in a dose-dependent manner. The stronger AChE inhibition activity was obtained for the n-BuOH extract of the fruits (IC₅₀ 47.80 ± 1.03 µg/mL) and compared to the leaf extracts. The results, compared with galantamine, showed a close inhibition activity. <i>P. atlantica</i> extracts also showed the most optimal antiproliferative and cytotoxic effect against cancer cell lines compared to positive control 5FU (Fluorouracil); the best antiproliferative activity was obtained for the fruit extracts compared to the leaf extracts. The spotted biological activities can be attributed to flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the extracts. The HPLC-DAD analysis identified the presence of 18 phytochemicals. The main compounds detected were luteolin, gallic acid, epicatechin, and protocatechuic acid.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated moderate anticholinesterase and suitable antiproliferative activities of <i>P. atlantica</i> Desf. extracts, which opens up new possibilities for the pharmaceutical and food industries.This study suggests that the concentrations of phenolic compounds, along with the results of anticholinesterase and antiproliferative activities found in the fruit and leaf extracts of <i>P. atlantica</i> Desf, indicate this plant holds promise for pharmaceutical and food application industries.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"837-858"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12608110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145489996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vasorelaxant effects of the edible flowers <i>Tagetes erecta</i> L. and its possible mechanism of action.","authors":"Sonia Núñez, Víctor López, María Pilar Arruebo Loshuertos, Miguel Ángel Plaza Carrión, Carlota Gómez-Rincón, Marta Sofía Valero","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2583836","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2583836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong><i>Tagetes erecta</i> is widely cultivated for its ornamental flowers and has traditionally been used as a diuretic and antihypertensive. However, its effects on blood pressure have not yet been studied.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the vasorelaxant potential of ethanolic extract of <i>T. erecta</i> from two cultivars of edible flowers, yellow and orange.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The pharmacological effects of <i>T. erecta</i> extracts as vasorelaxant agents were evaluated using isolated rat aorta rings in an organ bath and by measuring the pharyngeal pumping rate in the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The extracts induced relaxation in endothelium-intact aortic rings pre-contracted with different agents. Vasorelaxant effect was attenuated by endothelial removal and by pretreatment with L-NAME or ODQ, but not by indomethacin. Statistically significant effects were observed only at low concentrations. Atropine and H-89 reduced the extract-induced response, whereas okadaic acid had no effect. In a calcium-free medium, the extracts reduced contractions induced by CaCl₂ and phenylephrine. Relaxation was significantly attenuated by iberiotoxin, glibenclamide, BaCl₂, and 4-aminopyridine, while apamin and TRAM-34 had mild effect. The extracts also significantly decreased the pharyngeal pumping rate in <i>C. elegans</i>.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>The extracts induced concentration-dependent vasorelaxation though both endothelium-dependent and -independent mechanisms. At low concentrations, relaxation was mediated by nitric oxide, while at higher concentrations it involved inhibition of intracellular Ca²⁺, opening of K⁺ channels, and activation of protein kinase A. In <i>C. elegans</i>, the extracts significantly reduced pharyngeal pumping. This study is the first to suggest that <i>T. erecta</i> could be beneficial in treating pathologies associated with endothelial dysfunction, such as hypertension.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"63 1","pages":"778-799"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12599171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145471577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}