Pharmaceutical Biology最新文献

{"title":"Zexie decoction alleviates hyperlipidemia through modulation of the PPAR signaling pathway and lysophospholipid metabolism.","authors":"Sen Li, Zhao-Quan Wen, Pan Yan","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2687990","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2687990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Zexie Decoction (ZXD) is a classical traditional Chinese medicine prescription that has long been used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia. However, its material basis and underlying mechanisms remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This research aims to explore the effective compounds and lipid-lowering mechanism of ZXD in the treatment of hyperlipidemia by integrating serum pharmacochemistry, network pharmacology and targeted lipidomics.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia mouse model was established for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of ZXD. The absorbed components of ZXD in serum were identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS). Network pharmacology analysis based on <i>in vivo</i> absorbed components was subsequently performed to construct molecular networks and predict potential mechanisms. Furthermore, targeted lipidomics was employed to characterize lysophospholipid metabolic changes associated with ZXD treatment for hyperlipidemia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pharmacodynamic evaluation demonstrated that ZXD exerted significant lipid-lowering effects on hyperlipidemic mice. Serum pharmacochemistry analysis identified twelve absorbed constituents, including 3 prototype compounds and 9 metabolites. Network pharmacology analysis demonstrated that ZXD primarily modulated lipid metabolism-associated pathways, particularly the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway and the lipid and atherosclerosis pathways. Molecular docking further revealed strong binding affinities between the major bioactive compounds of ZXD and key targets PPARA and PPARG. In addition, targeted lipidomics identified 36 lysophospholipid biomarkers associated with ZXD-mediated amelioration of hyperlipidemia.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Integrated analysis indicates that ZXD alleviates hyperlipidemia in association with modulation of the PPAR signaling pathway and lysophospholipid metabolism, highlighting a potential lysophospholipid-PPAR regulatory mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"848-865"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13270863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148252744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Polygonatum sibiricum</i> polysaccharide attenuates BMSC senescence by inhibiting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy.","authors":"Xing Dai, Linhua Wang, Yu Sun, Zhuo He, Xiaolin Du, Xiaoming Lei, Shaofeng Yang, Muzhe Li","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2746259","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2746259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>BMSC senescence is associated with osteoporosis progression. Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) shows potential anti-senescence activity, but its effects on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the protective effects and molecular mechanisms of PSP against tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBH)-induced senescence in BMSCs.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Senescence was induced in primary rat BMSCs with TBH, followed by PSP intervention. Viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, while senescence-associated β-galactosidase, alkaline phosphatase, and Oil Red O staining assessed senescence and osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation. Ferritinophagy-associated proteins (NCOA4, FTH1, and LC3) and intracellular Fe²⁺ were quantified using western blot, immunofluorescence, and FerroOrange staining. Mitochondrial function was evaluated using MitoSOX and JC-1 assays and ATP quantification. Cytosolic mtDNA accumulation and the cGAS-STING pathway were assessed using immunofluorescence colocalization, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. NCOA4 involvement was examined using an NCOA4-overexpressing lentiviral vector.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PSP concentration-dependently attenuated TBH-induced senescence phenotypes in BMSCs, partially restored osteogenic differentiation, and reduced adipogenic differentiation. PSP downregulated NCOA4 expression, attenuating ferritinophagy-associated changes and intracellular Fe²⁺ accumulation. Reduced Fe²⁺ accumulation preserved mitochondrial membrane potential, reduced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation, and reduced cytosolic mtDNA accumulation, alongside attenuated cGAS-STING signaling. Lentiviral overexpression of NCOA4 attenuated the protective effects of PSP on mitochondrial homeostasis and cGAS-STING pathway suppression.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>PSP may attenuate BMSC senescence by suppressing NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy, thereby preserving mitochondrial homeostasis and inhibiting cGAS-STING signaling. These findings provide a rationale for further investigation of PSP as a potential therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis-associated BMSC dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"1108-1124"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring techniques for extraction of silver fir (<i>Abies alba</i>): phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity and cell viability.","authors":"Katja Schoss, Urša Pečar Fonović, Nina Kočevar Glavač","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2608481","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2025.2608481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Silver fir (<i>Abies alba</i>) contains polyphenols and lignans with antioxidant and therapeutic properties. Efficient extraction methods are essential to preserve these compounds and maximize bioactivity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare extraction techniques and identify the optimal method for obtaining high-quality silver fir extracts with strong antioxidant activity and minimal cytotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>Extracts from bark and branches were prepared using subcritical water extraction (SWE, 70-200 °C), supercritical CO₂ extraction, and high-pressure ethanol extraction. Extracts were analyzed for total polyphenol content (TPC), lignan concentration (HPLC), antioxidant activity (DPPH and ABTS assays), and volatile profile (GC-MS). Cytotoxicity and cell migration were evaluated in HaCaT and Caco-2 cell lines <i>via</i> MTS and gap closure assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SWE bark extract at 100 °C (SWE-BA-100) showed the highest TPC (73.8 mg GAE/g), lignan content (secoisolariciresinol 204.7 µg/mL), and antioxidant activity (DPPH: 24.2, ABTS: 32.0 mg GAE/g). Bark extracts had superior bioactive profiles compared to branches, though branch extractions gave higher yields. All extracts were non-cytotoxic. SWE-BA-100 inhibited cell migration, indicating a complex interaction between composition and cellular response.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>SWE at 100 °C is a promising green method for producing potent antioxidant extracts from <i>A. alba</i>. Bark extracts offer strong antioxidant potential and safety for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutritional uses. However, high lignan content may influence cellular behavior. Further studies should address the role of non-phenolic antioxidants and refine extraction strategies to balance efficacy and bioactivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"168-184"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12777867/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145896594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-target protective effects of <i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis in mice.","authors":"Xinyi Fu, Jiawen You, Yunyi Yang, Shenglan Qi, Shiyu Yang, Xiaoxiao Qu, Yanting Shao, Ningwei Wang, Zhiying Wang, Yunhao Li, Min Zheng, Hongjie Yang, Jiajing Zhao, Xiaoli He, Yanming He","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2632359","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2632359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Agrimonia pilosa</i> Ledeb. (AP), a traditional herbal medicine rich in flavonoids, phenolics, triterpenoids, and glycosides, has been widely used for hepatic injury and metabolic disorders.</p><p><p>This study integrated <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> experiments, UHPLC-HRMS profiling, network pharmacology, and molecular simulation to elucidate the bioactive constituents and mechanisms of AP against metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).</p><p><p>Therapeutic efficacy was evaluated using a MASH mouse model, AML12 hepatocytes, and RAW264.7 macrophages. Active constituents were identified by UHPLC-HRMS, and potential targets were predicted via SwissTargetPrediction and GEO databases, followed by PPI network construction, GO/KEGG enrichment analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation.</p><p><p>AP markedly reduced body weight, liver index, and serum AST, ALT, TG, TC, and LDL-c levels, and attenuated hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. In AML12 cells, AP suppressed lipogenesis by downregulating SREBP-1c, FASN, and SCD1, while promoting fatty acid β-oxidation through CPT1A upregulation. In RAW264.7 macrophages, AP inhibited LPS-induced expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. A total of 83 active constituents and 25 key targets were identified, with HMGCR and AXL emerging as hub nodes. Agrimol B (AGB) exhibited favorable binding affinity and structural stability toward both targets. Mechanistically, AGB inhibited HMGCR, reduced SREBP-2 nuclear translocation, and enhanced LXRα/β-mediated cholesterol efflux, maintaining hepatic cholesterol homeostasis.</p><p><p>These findings demonstrate that AP ameliorates MASH through coordinated regulation of lipid metabolism, inflammatory suppression, and collagen deposition, with AGB representing a promising bioactive candidate warranting further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"414-434"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12973797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147390233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural products targeting hepatitis B virus X protein and HBx-associated pathways in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma: mechanisms and therapeutic potential.","authors":"Thu Ngoc Anh Nguyen, Piyanoot Thongsri, Yongyut Pewkliang, Mullika Traidej Chomnawang, Krit Thirapanmethee, Khanit Sa-Ngiamsuntorn","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2724161","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2724161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), largely driven by chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, remains a major global health challenge with limited curative options in advanced stages. The hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) is a multifunctional viral oncoprotein that plays a central role in HBV persistence and hepatocarcinogenesis by disrupting transcriptional regulation, DNA repair, apoptosis, and immune responses.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review aims to evaluate the role of HBx in HBV‑related HCC progression and to examine the therapeutic potential of natural products that directly target HBx and indirectly modulate HBx‑driven antiviral and oncogenic pathways.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive literature analysis was conducted focusing on studies published over the past decade, including <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i>, and clinical evidence addressing HBx-mediated mechanisms and the pharmacological effects of bioactive natural products, including plant‑derived phytochemicals and non‑plant natural compounds.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Accumulating evidence indicates that some natural products suppress HBV replication by reducing HBx expression, promoting HBx degradation, or limiting HBx‑dependent cccDNA transcription, whereas others primarily influence biological pathways associated with HBx‑driven hepatocarcinogenesis, including migration, invasion, fibrosis, metabolic reprogramming, and apoptosis resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Natural products represent a promising multi-target therapeutic strategy for HBV-related HCC by intervening in HBx-driven oncogenic processes. Future studies should focus on mechanistic validation, standardization of bioactive compounds, and well-designed clinical trials to support their translational application as adjunctive or alternative therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"988-1016"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13552325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148888346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rabdosin B suppresses proliferation of nonsmall cell lung cancer by regulating the SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.","authors":"Xinfei Chen, Jiacong Hao, Chenfeng Guo, Jinyu Zhang, Lu Lv, Youmei Peng, Na Li, Qinyuan Xie, Xiudan Wang, Huiping Chen, Yan Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2641262","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2641262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Rabdosin B (RB), an active compound derived from the Chinese herb <i>Isodon japonicus</i> (Burm. f.) H. Hara, has demonstrated inhibitory effects on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell proliferation in prior studies. However, its precise mechanism of action remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the mechanism of RB against NSCLC and its synergistic effect with cisplatin (CDDP) <i>via</i> the SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong><i>In vitro</i> assays, CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, scratch, Transwell, and Western blot assessed proliferation, apoptosis and migration. Network pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) were employed to validate molecular targets. King's formula was used to evaluate the combined effect of RB and CDDP, with xenograft models confirming <i>in vivo</i> efficacy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>In vitro</i>, RB significantly suppressed NSCLC proliferation, migration, and invasion while inducing apoptosis. Mechanistically, network pharmacology predicted SRC as a core target. MDS and CETSA subsequently confirmed the direct and stable binding of RB to SRC. Western blot analysis revealed that RB exerted its effect by inhibiting SRC/PI3K/AKT signaling. Notably, RB synergistically enhanced CDDP sensitivity by blocking SRC/PI3K/AKT pathway activation, thereby potentiating apoptosis. Finally, <i>in vivo</i> experiments validated that RB effectively suppressed tumor growth with favorable safety.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>RB inhibits NSCLC progression and sensitizes cells to CDDP by directly targeting SRC to inactivate the PI3K/AKT pathway. These findings identify a novel mechanism of RB against NSCLC and suggest its potential as a therapeutic strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"451-470"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13007444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147487053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical standardization of kava (<i>Piper methysticum</i>) extract using UHPLC-MS/MS and the method of standard addition.","authors":"Ruth N Muchiri, Natalie R Thun, Richard B van Breemen","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2727761","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2727761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Kava (<i>Piper methysticum</i> G.Forst.) is used traditionally in the South Pacific for ceremonial and medicinal purposes and as a dietary supplement for its anxiolytic effects. The pharmacological activity of kava is attributed to kavalactones and flavokavains, including desmethoxyyangonin, 7,8-dihydrokavain, kavain, methysticin, 7,8-dihydromethysticin, and yangonin. The safe and effective use of kava dietary supplements depends on botanical authentication and standardization to these active constituents.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To support safety studies being carried out by the Botanical Safety Consortium, the chemical profile of a botanically authenticated kava extract was obtained using ultrahigh-pressure liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-HRMS/MS), and kavalactones and flavokavains were identified by comparison with standards.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The kava extract was chemically standardized using two analytical methods based on UHPLC-MS/MS with selected reaction monitoring on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. One method used external calibration with standards dissolved in neat solvent due to the absence of blank kava matrix, while the second used the method of standard addition to evaluate kava extract matrix effects that might affect the accuracy of the external calibration method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Matrix-induced ion suppression was observed for desmethoxyyangonin (23.2%) while signal enhancement was observed for 7,8-dihydrokavain (30.1%) and flavokavain A (43.2%).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The method of standard addition is ideal for correcting for botanical matrix effects that can interfere with quantitative assays based on electrospray (U)HPLC-MS/MS. Chemical authentication and standardization are essential for quality control of kava dietary supplements and to support research on their safety and efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"1034-1044"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13573506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148945184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical constituents in safflower leaves and inhibitory effects of quercetin and luteolin derivatives on osteoclast differentiation.","authors":"Seon-Jin Lee, Ah-Ra Jang, Yun-Ji Lee, Si-Hun Song, Jong-Hwan Park, You-Seok Lee, Jae-Hak Moon, Jeong-Yong Cho","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2723621","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2723621","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Safflower (<i>Carthamus tinctorius</i> L.) seeds have been reported to exert bone protective effects, but research on safflower leaves remains limited.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of safflower leaf and seed extracts on osteoclast differentiation, compare their chemical compositions, and identify anti-osteoclastogenic compounds from safflower leaves.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The inhibitory effects on receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclast differentiation were evaluated in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Compositional differences between safflower seeds and leaves were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Compounds from safflower leaves were isolated by medium-pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC) and identified using MS and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hot water and ethanol extracts of safflower leaves suppressed RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation in BMDMs, with effects comparable to those of safflower seed extracts. These extracts also downregulated the expression of osteoclast-related genes, including nuclear factor of activated T cells 1 (NFATc1), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), cathepsin K, and dendritic cell-specific transmembrane protein (DC-STAMP). LC-MS metabolite analysis detected quercetin and luteolin derivatives in safflower leaves, whose chemical composition differs from that of safflower seeds. Fourteen compounds, including a novel compound, 4-(2-nitroethyl)phenyl-<i>O</i>-rutinoside, were isolated and identified from safflower leaves. Seven quercetin and luteolin derivatives inhibited osteoclast differentiation and downregulated osteoclast-related gene expression.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>These findings provide <i>in vitro</i> evidence supporting further <i>in vivo</i> investigation of safflower leaves as promising candidates for suppressing osteoclast differentiation, with quercetin and luteolin derivatives identified as potential bioactive markers.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"967-987"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148866025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Valeriana</i> species and insomnia: multi-organ mechanisms and translational perspectives.","authors":"Shurui Yang, Haiming Zhang, Li Chen, Zhiyu Zhang, Liuyang Huang, Wenyan Wang, Wei Lu, Yayuan Wang, Song Wu, Zhengbo Hu, Siyu Wang, Rui Chen, Fengxia Liang","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2652660","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2652660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that substantially impairs quality of life. Conventional treatments, including cognitive behavioral therapy and pharmacological agents, are often limited by side effects and insufficient long-term safety data. Valeriana species, such as Valeriana officinalis L. and Valeriana jatamansi Jones, have been traditionally used for their sedative and neuroprotective properties.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review evaluates the therapeutic potential of Valeriana species for insomnia, emphasizing their pharmacological mechanisms, multi-organ effects, and evidence from preclinical and clinical studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was performed in databases including PubMed and Web of Science. Studies addressing Valeriana-induced sleep regulation, neurotransmitter modulation, oxidative stress reduction, and neural, hepatic, and gastrointestinal interactions were included to assess efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Valeriana species modulate neurotransmission, mitigate oxidative stress, and influence hepatic and gastrointestinal functions. Preclinical studies support their sedative and neuroprotective effects, while clinical outcomes vary with formulation, dosage, and individual response. Overall, safety profiles are favorable, though inconsistencies remain.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Valeriana species represent a promising multi-target strategy for insomnia, integrating neural and peripheral pathways. Future research should clarify the mechanisms underlying multi-organ effects, optimize formulations, and conduct rigorous clinical trials to establish standardized, effective, and safe interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"615-638"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147717799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Bombax ceiba</i> flower extract enhances antioxidant defense and wound healing effects in human keratinocytes and fibroblasts.","authors":"Narisara Paradee, Patcharaporn Saengratwatchara, Somdet Srichairatanakool, Pimpisid Koonyosying","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2655481","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2026.2655481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Wound healing requires coordinated keratinocyte and fibroblast migration, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition, and growth factor signaling. Disruption of these processes delays repair and impairs skin integrity. <i>Bombax ceiba</i> flower contains phenolic compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, its role in wound healing has not been elucidated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile, antioxidant capacity, and wound-healing potential of <i>B. ceiba</i> flower extract (BCFE) in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (Detroit 551).</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>BCFE was prepared by ethanolic extraction and tentatively profiled using LC-QTOF/MS. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity were determined using chemical assays, and intracellular ROS levels were measured in H₂O₂-stimulated HaCaT and Detroit 551 cells. Wound closure and collagen production were evaluated as indicators of wound repair in both cell types.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LC-QTOF/MS tentatively identified gallic acid, epicatechin, rutin, quercetin, hesperetin, apigenin, and luteolin in BCFE. The extract had high phenolic (140.2 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (8.3 mg QE/g) contents. BCFE exhibited DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging capacity (IC₅₀ values of 48.0 μg/mL and 33.4 μg/mL, respectively) and attenuated H₂O₂-induced intracellular ROS levels in HaCaT and Detroit 551 cells. Furthermore, BCFE enhanced wound closure in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, as well as promoted collagen production in a dose-dependent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Collectively, BCFE promoted key cellular processes involved in wound repair, including antioxidant activity, wound closure, and collagen synthesis. These results support the potential role of <i>B. ceiba</i> flowers in skin wound repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":"599-614"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13094256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147717720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}