Pharmaceutical Biology最新文献

{"title":"Seven oral traditional Chinese medicine combined with chemotherapy for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer: a network meta-analysis.","authors":"Kefeng Liu, Qiong Li, Xiaojing Lu, Xintong Fan, Yongjie Yang, Wei Xie, Jian Kang, Shusen Sun, Jie Zhao","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2351940","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2351940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have emerged as potential adjuvant therapies to treat non-small cell lung cancer. More direct comparative studies must be conducted among various oral TCMs.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This network meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of seven oral TCMs combined with chemotherapy in treating NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The analysis included Zilongjin, Banmao, Hongdoushan, Huachansu, Kanglaite, Xihuang, and Pingxiao TCMs. Randomized-controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from the following databases: China National Infrastructure, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library up to April 2023. Two researchers independently extracted data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-eight RCTs (5,099 patients) were included. Compared to chemotherapy, Banmao capsules [odds ratio (OR) = 2.69, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.96-3.69)] and Huachansu tablets [OR = 2.35, 95%CI (1.81, 3.05)] ranked in the top two in terms of increasing disease control rate. The two main TCMs to improve the objective response rate were Banmao capsules [OR = 3.49, 95%CI (2.17, 5.60)] and Zilongjin tablets [OR = 2.62, 95%CI (1.92, 3.57)]. Zilongjin tablets [OR = 3.47, 95%CI (2.14, 5.63)] and Huachansu tablets [OR = 3.30, 95%CI (1.65, 6.60)] were ranked as the top two in improving Karnofsky performance status. Hongdoushan capsules (SUCRA = 18.8%) and Banmao capsules (SUCRA = 19.8%) were the top two in reducing gastrointestinal toxicity. Zilongjin tablets (SUCRA = 18.9%) and Banmao capsules (SUCRA = 26.6%) were the top two to reduce liver and kidney toxicity. Hongdoushan capsules (SUCRA = 15.7%) and Huachansu tablets (SUCRA = 16.8%) ranked the top two in reducing thrombocytopenia. Banmao capsules (SUCRA = 14.3%) and Zilongjin tablets (SUCRA = 26.3%) were the top two decreasing leukopenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Combining oral TCMs with platinum-based chemotherapy has shown superior efficacy compared to platinum-based chemotherapy alone in treating NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11095295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140911910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Network pharmacology integrated with experimental validation to elucidate the mechanisms of action of the Guizhi-Gancao Decoction in the treatment of phenylephrine-induced cardiac hypertrophy.","authors":"Kaijing Yang, Xiaoli Shan, Yang Songru, Mengwei Fu, Pei Zhao, Wei Guo, Ming Xu, Huihua Chen, Rong Lu, Chen Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2354335","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2354335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Guizhi-Gancao Decoction (GGD) remain unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study explores the mechanisms of GGD against cardiac hypertrophy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Network pharmacology analysis was carried out to identify the potential targets of GGD. <i>In vivo</i> experiments, C57BL/6J mice were divided into Con, phenylephrine (PE, 10 mg/kg/d), 2-chloroadenosine (CADO, the stable analogue of adenosine, 2 mg/kg/d), GGD (5.4 g/kg/d) and GGD (5.4 g/kg/d) + CGS15943 (a nonselective adenosine receptor antagonist, 4 mg/kg/d). <i>In vitro</i> experiments, primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCM) were divided into Con, PE (100 µM), CADO (5 µM), GGD (10^-5 g/mL) and GGD (10^-5 g/mL) + CGS15943 (5 µM). Ultrasound, H&E and Masson staining, hypertrophic genes expression and cell surface area were conducted to verify the GGD efficacy. Adenosine receptors (ADORs) expression were tested <i>via</i> real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network pharmacology identified ADORs among those of the core targets of GGD. <i>In vitro</i> experiments demonstrated that GGD attenuated PE-induced increased surface area (with an EC₅₀ of 5.484 × 10^-6 g/mL). <i>In vivo</i> data shown that GGD attenuated PE-induced ventricular wall thickening. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> data indicated that GGD alleviated PE-induced hypertrophic gene expression (e.g., ANP, BNP and MYH7/MYH6), A1AR over-expression and A2aAR down-expression. Moreover, CADO exerts effects similar to GGD, whereas CGS15943 eliminated most effects of GGD.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Our findings suggest the mechanism by which GGD inhibits cardiac hypertrophy, highlighting regulation of ADORs as a potential therapeutic strategy for HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11123502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141074532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2323905","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2323905","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10906113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139997119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yi-Shen-Hua-Shi regulates intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and protects against proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease: a randomized controlled study.","authors":"Xingtong Dong, Jialing Zhang, Wen Li, Yinping Li, Linpei Jia, Zhaohui Liu, Wenjing Fu, Aihua Zhang","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2345080","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2345080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Yi-Shen-Hua-Shi (YSHS) is a traditional Chinese medicine that treats chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, its efficacy in reducing proteinuria and underlying mechanisms is unknown.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This single-center randomized controlled trial explored whether YSHS could improve proteinuria and modulate the gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>120 CKD patients were enrolled and randomized to receive the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitor plus YSHS (<i>n</i> = 56) or RAAS inhibitor (<i>n</i> = 47) alone for 4 months, and 103 patients completed the study. We collected baseline and follow-up fecal samples and clinical outcomes from participants. Total bacterial DNA was extracted, and the fecal microbiome was analyzed using bioinformatics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients in the intervention group had a significantly higher decrease in 24-h proteinuria. After 4 months of the YSHS intervention, the relative abundance of bacteria that have beneficial effects on the body, such as <i>Faecalibacterium</i>, <i>Lachnospiraceae</i>, <i>Lachnoclostridium,</i> and <i>Sutterella</i> increased significantly, while pathogenic bacteria such as the <i>Eggerthella</i> and <i>Clostridium innocuum group</i> decreased. However, we could not find these changes in the control group. Redundancy analysis showed that the decline in 24-h proteinuria during follow-up was significantly correlated with various taxa of gut bacteria, such as <i>Lachnospiraceae</i> and the <i>Lachnoclostridium</i> genus in the YSHS group. KEGG analysis also showed the potential role of YSHS in regulating glycan, lipid, and vitamin metabolism.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>The YSHS granule reduced proteinuria associated with mitigating intestinal microbiota dysbiosis in CKD patients. The definite mechanisms of YSHS to improve proteinuria need to be further explored.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ChiCTR2300076136, retrospectively registered.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11085992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140892323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elucidating the role of <i>Rhodiola rosea</i> L. in sepsis-induced acute lung injury via network pharmacology: emphasis on inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and the PI3K-AKT pathway.","authors":"Lu Jiang, Dongdong Yang, Zhuoyi Zhang, Liying Xu, Qingyu Jiang, Yixin Tong, Lanzhi Zheng","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2319117","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2319117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. <i>Rhodiola rosea</i> L. (Crassulaceae) (RR) and its extracts have shown anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and lung-protective effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study elucidates the molecular mechanisms of RR against sepsis-induced ALI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The pivotal targets of RR against sepsis-induced ALI and underlying mechanisms were revealed by network pharmacology and molecular docking. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were stimulated by 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide for 0.5 h and treated with 6.3, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL RR for 24 h. Then, the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HUVECs were subjected to cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), enzyme-linked immunosorbent, apoptosis, and Western blot analyses. C57BL/6 mice were divided into sham, model, low-dose (40 mg/kg), mid-dose (80 mg/kg), and high-dose (160 mg/kg) RR groups. The mouse model was constructed through caecal ligation and puncture, and histological, apoptosis, and Western blot analyses were performed for further validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified six hub targets (MPO, HRAS, PPARG, FGF2, JUN, and IL6), and the PI3K-AKT pathway was the core pathway. CCK-8 assays showed that RR promoted the viability of the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HUVECs [median effective dose (ED₅₀) = 18.98 μg/mL]. Furthermore, RR inhibited inflammation, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and PI3K-AKT activation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated HUVECs and ALI mice, which was consistent with the network pharmacology results.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>This study provides foundational knowledge of the effective components, potential targets, and molecular mechanisms of RR against ALI, which could be critical for developing targeted therapeutic strategies for sepsis-induced ALI.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10919309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berberine decreases S100B generation to regulate gut vascular barrier permeability in mice with burn injury.","authors":"Aiwen Feng, Shaosheng Su, Cheng Li, Yutian Kang, Jiasheng Qiu, Jun Zhou","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2023.2291679","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2023.2291679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Context:</b> Berberine (BBR) can regulate enteric glial cells (EGCs) and the gut vascular barrier (GVB).<b>Objective:</b> To explore whether BBR regulates GVB permeability <i>via</i> the S100B pathway.<b>Materials and methods:</b> GVB hyperpermeability in C57BL/6J mice was induced by burns or S100B enema. BBR (25 or 50 mg/kg/d, 3 d) was gavaged preburn. S100B monoclonal antibody (S100BmAb) was i.v. injected postburn. Mouse intestinal microvascular endothelial cells (MIMECs) were treated with S100B, S100B plus BBR, or Z-IETD-FMK. GVB permeability was assayed by FITC-dextran, S100B by ELISA, caspase-8, β-catenin, occludin and PV-1 by immunoblot.<b>Results:</b> Burns elevated S100B in serum and in colonic mucosa to a peak (147.00 ± 4.95 ng/mL and 160.30 ± 8.50 ng/mg, respectively) at 36 h postburn, but BBR decreased burns-induced S100B in serum (126.20 ± 6.30 or 90.60 ± 3.78 ng/mL) and in mucosa (125.80 ± 12.40 or 91.20 ± 8.54 ng/mg). Burns raised GVB permeability (serum FITC-dextran 111.40 ± 8.56 pg/mL) at 48 h postburn, but BBR reduced GVB permeability (serum FITC-dextran 89.20 ± 6.98 or 68.60 ± 5.50 ng/mL). S100B enema (1 μM) aggravated burns-raised GVB permeability (142.80 ± 8.07 pg/mL) and PV-1, but the effect of S100B was antagonized by BBR. Z-IETD-FMK (5 μM) increased S100B-induced permeability to FITC-dextran (205.80 ± 9.70 to 263.80 ± 11.04 AUs) while reducing β-catenin in MIMECs. BBR (5 μM) reduced S100B-induced permeability (104.20 ± 9.65 AUs) and increased caspase-8, β-catenin and occludin.<b>Discussion and conclusion:</b> BBR decreases burns-induced GVB hyperpermeability <i>via</i> modulating S100B/caspase-8/β-catenin pathway and may involve EGCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10732204/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethnobotany and phytochemistry of plants used to treat musculoskeletal disorders among Skaw Karen, Thailand.","authors":"Rapeeporn Kantasrila, Hataichanok Pandith, Henrik Balslev, Prasit Wangpakapattanawong, Prateep Panyadee, Angkhana Inta","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2023.2292261","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2023.2292261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Musculoskeletal system disorders (MSD) are prevalent around the world affecting the health of people, especially farmers who work hard in the field. Karen farmers use many medicinal plants to treat MSD.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study collects traditional plant-based remedies used by the Skaw Karen to treat MSD and evaluates their active phytochemical compounds.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The ethnobotanical study was conducted in six Karen villages in Chiang Mai province using semi-structured interviews were of 120 informants. The data were analyzed using ethnobotanical indices including use values (UV), choice value (CV), and informant consensus factor (ICF). Consequently, the 20 most important species, according to the indices, were selected for phytochemical analysis using LC-MS/MS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 3731 use reports were obtained for 139 species used in MSD treatment. The most common ailments treated with those plants were muscular pain. A total of 172 high-potential active compounds for MSD treatment were identified. Most of them were flavonoids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and steroids. The prevalent phytochemical compounds related to treat MSD were 9-hydroxycalabaxanthone, dihydrovaltrate, morroniside, isoacteoside, lithocholic acid, pomiferin, cucurbitacin E, leonuriside A, liriodendrin, and physalin E. <i>Sambucus javanica</i> Reinw. ex Blume (Adoxaceae), <i>Betula alnoides</i> Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don (Betulaceae), <i>Blumea balsamifera</i> (L.) DC. (Asteraceae), <i>Plantago major</i> L. (Plantaginaceae) and <i>Flacourtia jangomas</i> (Lour.) Raeusch. (Salicaceae) all had high ethnobotanical index values and many active compounds.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>This study provides valuable information, demonstrating low-cost medicine plants that are locally available. It is a choice of treatment for people living in remote areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10763916/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138830941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive substance contents and therapeutic potential for skin inflammation of an herbal gel containing <i>Derris reticulata</i> and <i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i>.","authors":"Warissara Sangkaew, Wipawadee Sianglum, Suttiwan Wunnoo, Supayang Piyawan Voravuthikunchai, Nantiya Joycharat","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2385456","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2385456","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong><i>Derris reticulata</i> Craib. and <i>Glycyrrhiza glabra</i> L., of the Fabaceae, have been used as active components in Thai herbal formulas for the treatment of fever and skin diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the physicochemical and pharmacological properties of the developed herbal gel formulation containing the combined extract from <i>D. reticulata</i> stem wood and <i>G. glabra root</i> (RGF).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The potential of the herbal gel formulation containing RGF (8% w/w) as the active ingredient was studied by evaluating the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> activities using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay, spectrophotometric method, and broth microdilution technique, respectively. The reference standards for the biological testing included Nω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), ascorbic acid, catechin, and penicillin G. The stability study of the RGF herbal gel was performed by a heating-cooling test (at 45 °C for 24 h and at 4 °C for 24 h/1 cycle; for 6 cycles), and the bioactive marker compounds in the herbal gel were investigated by the HPLC technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RGF showed promising pharmacological effects, particularly on its anti-inflammatory property (IC₅₀ 73.86 µg/mL), compared to L-NA (IC₅₀ 47.10 µg/mL). The RGF-containing gel demonstrated anti-inflammatory (IC₅₀ 3.59 mg/mL) and free radical scavenging effects (IC₅₀ 0.05-4.39 mg/mL), whereas it had no anti-<i>S. aureus</i> activity (MIC > 10 mg/mL). The active ingredient in the developed herbal gel significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production by downregulating iNOS mRNA levels. The contents of the bioactive markers in the RGF gel (lupinifolin and glabridin) did not change significantly after stability testing.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The RGF-containing gel has potential to be further developed as an herbal product for the treatment of skin inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11332287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141988525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of phenylpropanoids and flavonoids with antibiotics against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains.","authors":"Annamária Kincses, Tasneem Sultan Abu Ghazal, Judit Hohmann","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2389105","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2389105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The increase in bacterial resistance to currently available medications, which increases mortality rates, treatment costs is a global problem, and highlights the need for novel classes of antibacterial agents or new molecules that interact synergistically with antimicrobials.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current work explores the potential synergistic effects of certain natural phenylpropanoids and flavonoids on ciprofloxacin (CIP), ampicillin (AMP), gentamicin (GEN), and tetracycline (TET).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The adjuvant role of cinnamic acid, <i>p</i>-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid, ferulic acid methyl ester, sinapic acid, apigenin, and luteolin was evaluated by determining the MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) values of antibiotics in the presence of subinhibitory concentrations (200, 100, and/or 50 µM) of the compounds in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains using a 2-fold broth microdilution method. The 96-well plates were incubated at 37 °C for 18 h, and dimethyl sulfoxide was used as a solvent control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The combination of luteolin with CIP, reduced the MIC values of the antibiotic from 0.625 to 0.3125 µM and to 0.078 µM in 100 and 200 µM concentration, respectively, in sensitive <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>. Sinapic acid decreased the MIC value of CIP from 0.625 to 0.3125 µM in <i>S. aureus</i>, from 1.56 to 0.78 µM in <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, and the MIC of GEN from 0.39 to 0.095 µM in <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> strains.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>These findings are useful in delaying the development of resistance, as the required antibacterial effect can be achieved with the use of lower concentrations of antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11318484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141913669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diosgenin protects against cationic bovine serum albumin-induced membranous glomerulonephritis by attenuating oxidative stress and renal inflammation via the NF-κB pathway.","authors":"Shiyan Jia, Ruihua Si, Guangzhen Liu, Qiming Zhong","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2330602","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13880209.2024.2330602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is a leading cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Diosgenin (DG) has been reported to exert antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the renoprotective activity of DG in a cationic bovine serum albumin-induced rat model of MGN.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Fourty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups. The MGN model was established and treated with a DG dose (10 mg/kg) and a positive control (TPCA1, 10 mg/kg), while normal control and MGN groups received distilled water by gavage for four consecutive weeks. At the end of the experiment, 24 h urinary protein, biochemical indices, oxidation and antioxidant levels, inflammatory parameters, histopathological examination, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DG significantly ameliorated kidney dysfunction by decreasing urinary protein (0.56-fold), serum creatinine (SCr) (0.78-fold), BUN (0.71-fold), TC (0.66-fold) and TG (0.73-fold) levels, and increasing ALB (1.44-fold). DG also reduced MDA (0.82-fold) and NO (0.83-fold) levels while increasing the activity of SOD (1.56-fold), CAT (1.25-fold), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (1.55-fold) and GSH (1.81-fold). Furthermore, DG reduced Keap1 (0.76-fold) expression, Nrf2 nuclear translocation (0.79-fold), and induced NQO1 (1.25-fold) and HO-1 (1.46-fold) expression. Additionally, DG decreased IL-2 (0.55-fold), TNF-α (0.80-fold) and IL-6 (0.75-fold) levels, and reduced protein expression of NF-κB p65 (0.80-fold), IKKβ (0.93-fold), p-IKKβ (0.89-fold), ICAM-1 (0.88-fold), VCAM-1 (0.91-fold), MCP-1 (0.88-fold) and E-selectin (0.87-fold), and also inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 (0.64-fold).</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The results suggest a potential therapeutic benefit of DG against MGN due to the inhibition of the NF-κB pathway, supporting the need for further clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10962310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140185090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}