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Power system vulnerability analysis - towards validation of centrality measures 电力系统脆弱性分析——面向中心措施的验证
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281483
Timothy Ernster, A. Srivastava
{"title":"Power system vulnerability analysis - towards validation of centrality measures","authors":"Timothy Ernster, A. Srivastava","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281483","url":null,"abstract":"Threat assessments play a key role in determining appropriate mitigation strategies to counter credible threats to the power system. In order to further understand the capability of a malicious agent to coordinate an attack on the power grid given limited system information, graph theory based centrality measures are utilized for power systems vulnerability analysis. Results are compared to vulnerability analysis indices utilizing DC power flow based linear sensitivity factors with complete power system information. Correlations of centrality and linear sensitivity factor based vulnerability rankings are performed, and matched pair comparisons of top rankings are presented using the nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank statistical test. Evidence is presented in support of the edge betweeness centrality measure in determining sensitive line outages based solely on the branch impedance values of a power system. Results obtained for four different test case systems indicate the threat potential of a system attack planned from limited topology information.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85630294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Analysis of catastrophic events using statistical outlier methods 用统计离群值方法分析灾难性事件
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281534
H. Caswell
{"title":"Analysis of catastrophic events using statistical outlier methods","authors":"H. Caswell","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281534","url":null,"abstract":"Use of IEEE Standard 1366-2003 for determining major events has provided substantial consistency when comparing year-on-year performance, however certain events (such as hurricanes or ice storms) that destroy substantial portions of a company's power system may result in extremely large daily SAIDI results which could skew the calculation of the major event threshold over the subsequent five years (according to the standard). This change in threshold could result in certain days in subsequent years not being considered as Major Events. The Catastrophic Event Task Force, convened under the Distribution Reliability Working Group, undertook substantial investigations to explore the impact of these events and the ability for an outlier method to be developed which transferred well across a variety of companies. This paper will explore an outlier identification method used by statisticians, notably the use of box and whiskers plots, to determine its application in segregating outlier data. It will also summarize the approaches considered and the final conclusions arrived at by the Catastrophic Event Task Force.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"185 ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72556313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Construction of a high voltage test facility 建设高压试验设施
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281551
W. McDermid, J. Lambert
{"title":"Construction of a high voltage test facility","authors":"W. McDermid, J. Lambert","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281551","url":null,"abstract":"Manitoba Hydro has constructed a facility for dielectric testing of equipment rated up to 500 kVac and 500 kVdc. A test system for induced, no-load and full load tests on large power transformers is being added.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"321 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75095056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Directly buried gas-insulated transmission lines (GIL) 直埋气体绝缘输电线路(GIL)
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281707
S. Poehler, P. Rudenko
{"title":"Directly buried gas-insulated transmission lines (GIL)","authors":"S. Poehler, P. Rudenko","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281707","url":null,"abstract":"Regarding the increasing interest in underground transmission systems, gas-insulated lines (GIL) represent an attractive alternative to cable solutions. Changes in the regulatory framework with respect to planned extensions of extra high voltage (EHV) systems have intensified the demand for underground transmission lines in general. GIL are utilized mainly above ground (e.g. in substations) or in underground tunnels. However, the option of a directly buried GIL which does not need the expenditure of a tunnel has not so far been put into effect in the EHV range, although it exhibits a number of advantages such as high current carrying capacity, low losses, low charging capacity etc. Some years ago a test installation of directly buried GIL proved that the operation of such a system is favourable in many aspects. For this reason, it was decided in 2008 to set up a system for commercial use in the network of German network operator Amprion. In the area of Frankfurt airport, a double system of a directly buried GIL with a total length of about one km has been erected to ensure the safety distance between overhead transmission line (OHL) and the new runway. The GIL containing an N2/SF6 gas mixture is at one end directly connected to a 400 kV gas-insulated substation (GIS). At the other end the GIL joins the incoming OHL via gas-insulated bushings.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"51 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77611146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Communications-assisted schemes for distributed generation protection 分布式发电保护的通信辅助方案
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281512
E. Schweitzer, D. Finney, M. Mynam
{"title":"Communications-assisted schemes for distributed generation protection","authors":"E. Schweitzer, D. Finney, M. Mynam","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281512","url":null,"abstract":"Integrating generation into the distribution system presents several challenges. Distributed generation (DG) can affect the coordination between reclosers and fuses, compromising fuse-saving schemes and thereby reducing power quality and reliability. Nuisance tripping of distributed generators, either from local protection or from anti-islanding schemes, is also an issue. The use of communications-assisted schemes is well established at the transmission level. However, conventional communications links may not be cost-effective for use at the distribution level. With the advent of spread-spectrum radio, there is an opportunity to improve the performance of DG protection and anti-islanding schemes. Communications links based on wireless technology are much more cost-effective but have characteristics that can differ from conventional channels. This paper illustrates how teleprotection schemes can be designed to suit both the topology of the distribution network and the characteristics of the wireless channel, allowing DG to be integrated without compromising the reliability of the distribution network.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76992236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
A novel nonlinear coating for suppression of metallic particle motion in GIS 一种用于抑制GIS中金属粒子运动的新型非线性涂层
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281465
Xueqin Zhang, K. Nojima, H. Andoh, M. Takei, S. Boggs
{"title":"A novel nonlinear coating for suppression of metallic particle motion in GIS","authors":"Xueqin Zhang, K. Nojima, H. Andoh, M. Takei, S. Boggs","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281465","url":null,"abstract":"To satisfy the increased need to suppress metallic particle motion in compact Gas-Insulated-Switchgear (GIS), a novel coating with nonlinear resistivity was developed. The current density as a function of electric field (J-E) and dielectric constant of the nonlinear coating were evaluated. Electrical field analysis using the measured J-E data indicates that the nonlinear coating can reduce the field enhancement between metallic particles and the coating sufficiently to suppress particle motion compared to a dielectric coating. Experiments in a coaxial GIS bus duct geometry indicate that the nonlinear coating increases the lift-off electric field of metallic particles on the internal surface of GIS enclosure with reduced statistical dispersion in the lift-off field relative to a dielectric coating.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"191 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81067878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparative study of maximum power point tracking control strategies for solar PV systems 太阳能光伏系统最大功率点跟踪控制策略的比较研究
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281560
H. Zheng, Shuhui Li, Ke Bao, Dong Zhang
{"title":"Comparative study of maximum power point tracking control strategies for solar PV systems","authors":"H. Zheng, Shuhui Li, Ke Bao, Dong Zhang","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281560","url":null,"abstract":"Solar photovoltaic (PV) energy is becoming an increasingly important part of the world's renewable energy. In order to develop efficient technology for effective energy extraction from a solar PV system, this paper investigates and compares typical maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control strategies used in solar PV industry. This paper focuses especially on how sampling rate and time delay influence PV system performance by using different MPPT control approaches in a digital control environment, and how different MPPT techniques behave under highly dynamic and variable weather conditions. A computational experiment system is developed by using MatLab, SimPowerSystems and Opal-RT real-time simulation system for fast and accurate performance evaluations of PV arrays under high frequency switching conditions of power converters. Advantages, disadvantages, and characteristics of different MPPT techniques are studied, evaluated, and compared through extensive computational experiments.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"33 1","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81094890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 29
The role of energy storage in transmission and distribution efficiency 储能在输配电效率中的作用
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281537
W. Jewell, Zhouxing Hu
{"title":"The role of energy storage in transmission and distribution efficiency","authors":"W. Jewell, Zhouxing Hu","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281537","url":null,"abstract":"Energy storage systems that are properly placed on the transmission system can be used to relieve transmission congestion. Similarly, storage on distribution can be used to reduce peak loads. The reduction in currents produced by congestion relief and peak reduction may also result in a decrease in line losses. Further efficiency improvements could be realized by optimizing the placement and scheduling of energy storage for loss reduction and efficiency improvement. The efficiency of the storage systems themselves, however, may limit their use in loss reduction or system efficiency improvement. Typical round-trip efficiencies for bulk storage systems are 70-85% for pumped hydro and 70-90% for electrochemical batteries. Comparing this with North American transmission and distribution efficiencies that usually exceed 90%, the case for using storage to improve overall efficiency may be difficult to make. This presentation will examine the issues, comparing storage efficiencies with transmission and distribution efficiencies. It will examine selected cases to address the feasibility of optimizing the placement and scheduling of energy storage to improve system efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Efficiency improvement will then be discussed in the context of the other potential benefits and costs of storage.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"17 1","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81262438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Fault location for power lines with multiple sections 多段电力线故障定位
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281511
Y. Gong, M. Mynam, A. Guzman
{"title":"Fault location for power lines with multiple sections","authors":"Y. Gong, M. Mynam, A. Guzman","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281511","url":null,"abstract":"Fault location information is critical for operating and maintaining transmission and subtransmission networks. Some of the challenges in calculating accurate fault location include fault resistance, zero-sequence impedance variations, zero-sequence mutual coupling, load, system nonhomogeneity, and power lines composed of multiple sections with considerably different characteristics. This paper presents a fault location method that provides accurate fault location information for power lines with multiple sections. These sections can have different impedance characteristics. The proposed method is suitable for different types of power lines, including overhead lines, underground cables, and composite lines that include both overhead line and underground cable sections. Fault resistance, parallel-line mutual coupling, system nonhomogeneity, and load variations have minimal effect on the accuracy of the proposed fault location method. This paper compares fault location results calculated from event reports that were obtained from the field and from models of real power systems.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"83 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88967652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
High voltage insulator mechanical load limitations and load resistance factor design 高压绝缘子机械负载限制及负载阻力系数设计
PES T&D 2012 Pub Date : 2012-05-07 DOI: 10.1109/TDC.2012.6281416
A. Baker
{"title":"High voltage insulator mechanical load limitations and load resistance factor design","authors":"A. Baker","doi":"10.1109/TDC.2012.6281416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TDC.2012.6281416","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the current practice for selecting high voltage insulators and the changes needed to accommodate Load Resistance Factor Design. Conversion of insulator rated strength, defined according to ANSI C29 Standards, to damage limit strength to provide the service limit resistance required by LRFD is discussed. Specific values of service limit resistance and strength factors for different types of high voltage insulators are presented for further consideration by those responsible for revising current line loading and strength regulations and insulator standards.","PeriodicalId":19873,"journal":{"name":"PES T&D 2012","volume":"19 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89359085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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