PeerJ最新文献

{"title":"Classification of red beet and sugar beet for drought tolerance using morpho-physiological and stomatal traits.","authors":"Gamze Kaya, Nurgül Ergin","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19133","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.19133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drought is a global phenomenon that endangers agricultural production by creating water scarcity. Selecting drought-tolerant cultivars, varieties, and species is essential for maintaining the food supply and advancing breeding efforts. The study aimed to compare red beet (<i>Beta vulgaris</i> L. var. <i>cruenta</i>) and sugar beet (<i>B. vulgaris</i> L. var. <i>altissima</i> Döll.) for drought tolerance at the early growth stage considering morpho-physiological and stomatal parameters. Three red beet cultivars (Bicores, BT Pancina, and Yakut) and three sugar beet cultivars (Mohican, Orthega KWS, and Valentina) were subjected to various drought stress (Control, 10%, and 20% PEG-6000) for 30 days at the four-leaf stage. Fresh and dry plant weight, leaf area, dry matter, chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf temperature, relative water content, membrane stability index, stomatal density, and size were investigated. The results revealed that the cultivars exhibited different responses to drought stress, and a greater percentage reduction in morphological parameters was observed in red beet cultivars. Drought markedly reduced the fresh and dry weights, leaf area, relative water content, membrane stability, and stomatal size. Enhanced dry matter and stomatal density were identified. The stomatal density increased from 158 to 215 mm^-2 while the stomatal size decreased from 433 to 342 µm² in the plants subjected to 20% PEG. Moderate drought stress effectively distinguished drought-tolerant sugar beet and red beet genotypes. It was concluded that sugar beet appeared to be more drought-tolerant than red beet and that the membrane stability index, relative water content, and stomatal density could be effectively used for selecting drought-tolerant beet genotypes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11932113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143701075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applications and prospects of phosphoproteomics in renal disease research.","authors":"XueJia Zheng, LingLing Zhou, TianTian Xu, GuoYing Wang, YaLi Peng, ChunMei Wen, MengYao Wu, HuiHui Tao, Yong Dai","doi":"10.7717/peerj.18950","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.18950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Phosphoproteomics, an advanced branch of molecular biology, utilizes specific techniques such as mass spectrometry, affinity chromatography, and bioinformatics analysis to explore protein phosphorylation, shedding light on the cellular mechanisms that drive various biological processes. This field has become instrumental in advancing our understanding of renal diseases, from identifying underlying mechanisms to pinpointing new therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review will discuss the evolution of phosphoproteomics from its early experimental observations to its current application in renal disease research using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We will explore its role in the identification of disease biomarkers, the elucidation of pathogenic mechanisms, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Additionally, the potential of phosphoproteomics in enhancing drug discovery and improving treatment outcomes for renal diseases will be highlighted.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Phosphoproteomics is rapidly transforming renal disease research by offering unprecedented insights into cellular processes. Utilizing techniques such as LC-MS/MS, it enables the identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets, enhancing our understanding of drug mechanisms. This field promises significant advancements in the diagnosis and treatment of renal diseases, shifting towards more personalized and effective therapeutic strategies. As the technology evolves, its integration into clinical practice is pivotal for revolutionizing renal healthcare.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e18950"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatty acid profiles of highly migratory resources from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean, Chile: a potential tool for biochemical and nutritional traceability.","authors":"Fabián Guzmán-Rivas, Marco Quispe-Machaca, Jorge Lazo, Juan Carlos Ortega, Sergio Mora, Patricio Barría Martínez, Ángel Urzúa","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19101","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.19101","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The traceability of fish species and their resulting food products is essential to maintain the global supply of these goods, allowing us to distinguish and reconstruct the origin and history of their production chain. One way to trace food is through biochemical determinations, which aid in identifying their geographical origin quickly. This study analyzed the fatty acid (FA) profiles of highly migratory fishery resource species (HMRS) from the Southeastern Pacific Ocean (SEPO), and their use as potential tools to determine the geographic origin and nutritional condition of these marine resources. The fatty acids (FAs) presented in fillet or muscle tissue of 18 HMRS were measured as FA methyl esters by gas chromatography. Our results reveal that the swordfish <i>Xiphias gladius</i> presented the greatest variety of FAs, strongly characterized by the presence of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated FAs. A similar trend of high diversity in all classes of FAs was observed in tuna species (<i>i.e.</i>, <i>Thunnus alalunga</i>; <i>T. albacares</i>; <i>T. obesus</i>), oilfish (<i>Ruvettus pretiosus</i>) and escolar fish (<i>Lepidocybium flavobrunneum</i>). In turn, <i>Lampris guttatus</i>, <i>Makaira indica</i>, and <i>Tetrapturus audax</i> presented an intermediate variety of FAs and the highest amount of saturated and monounsaturated FAs of the evaluated species. Finally, <i>Luvarus imperialis</i>, <i>Coryphaena hippurus</i> and the sharks (<i>Lamna nasus</i>; <i>Alopias vulpinus</i>; <i>Prionace glauca</i>; <i>Isurus oxyrinchus</i>; <i>Sphyrna zygaena</i>) presented a low diversity of FAs, with only saturated FAs strongly predominating. Regarding the total concentration of FAs, the highest average values were recorded in <i>X</i>. <i>gladius</i>, <i>L</i>. <i>flavobrunneum</i> and <i>R</i>. <i>pretiosus</i>. The present study revealed notable differences in the FA compositions of the muscle of diverse HMRS from the SEPO off the coast of Chile, with the swordfish showing the healthiest FAs (<i>i.e.</i>, mono and polyunsaturated) for human consumption. The data on FAs collected for HMRS could be used as a reference to characterize the FA profiles of other fisheries in the SEPO (<i>e.g.</i>, coastal pelagic fishes). In an ecosystem approach, our findings help us to understand how essential nutrients (<i>i.e.</i>, FA biomolecules) are transferred through the marine food web in the SEPO, revealing the diet type and/or feeding habits of HMRS considered as top predators. Furthermore, identifying the FA profiles of fishery resources at a spatial level provides crucial information for their management and conservation, particularly in those resources that are overexploited and also have a critical nutritional importance for human consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NCBP2 predicts the prognosis and the immunotherapy response of cancers: a pan-cancer analysis.","authors":"Shichao Li, Yulan Wang, Xi Yang, Miao Li, Guoxiang Li, Qiangqiang Song, Junyu Liu","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19050","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.19050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The cap-binding complex (CBC) plays a crucial role in facilitating gene expression by safeguarding mRNA from nonsense-mediated decay, promoting mRNA splicing, 3'-end processing, and facilitating nuclear export. Nevertheless, the precise biological functions and clinical implications of CBC in cancer remain ambiguous, necessitating further investigation for clarification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study utilized the cBioPortal database to investigate the genetic alterations of nuclear cap binding protein subunit 2 (NCBP2) in pan-cancer. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and online web tools were employed to analyze the correlation between NCBP2 and prognosis, genome instability, immune infiltration, immune response, cancer stemness, and chemotherapeutic efficacy in pan-cancer. Furthermore, the expression of NCBP2 was confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and functional analysis at the single-cell level was conducted using the CancerSEA database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong><i>NCBP2</i> exhibited distinct genetic alterations in pan-cancer with an increased expression in 24/32, while decreased expression in 3/32, types of cancers. IHC confirmed the aberrant expression of NCBP2 in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP) and kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC). NCBP2 was correlated with overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free survival (PFS) in various cancers. Importantly, it was identified as a risk factor for OS, DSS and PFS in PAAD and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC). Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) demonstrated that elevated NCBP2 was linked to immune and proliferation related pathways across multiple cancer types. Furthermore, a negative association between NCBP2 and stromal score, immune score, and ESTIMATE score was detected, and a positive correlation was observed between NCBP2 and diverse immune cells as well as stemness-indexes in the majority of cancer types. Drug sensitivity analysis revealed that drugs associated with NCBP2 primarily targeted DNA replication, chromatin histone methylation, ABL signaling, cell cycle, and PI3K signaling. Additionally, an examination at the single-cell level indicated that NCBP2 was positively correlated with cell cycle progression, DNA damage, DNA repair, invasion, and stemness in most cancer types, while negatively correlated with apoptosis, inflammation, and hypoxia in certain cancers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study, we revealed the correlation of NCBP2 with prognosis, microenvironment and stemness, indicating that NCBP2 might be a potential therapeutic target for more effective and personalized therapy strategies in pan-cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19050"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative MRI reveals infrapatellar fat pad changes after running a marathon.","authors":"Xiang Bo Zhao, Haifeng Zhao, Wen Juan Du, Hao Zhang","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19123","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.19123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Marathon running, while offering health benefits, is associated with a high incidence of knee injuries. The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) plays a critical role in knee joint homeostasis and injury mitigation. This study investigated IFP adaptations to the acute stress of marathon running using quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fourteen amateur marathon runners (12 male, two female) were prospectively enrolled and underwent 3.0T MRI (GE SIGNA Architect) one week before and after the marathon. Left knee imaging included MAGiC and IDEAL-IQ sequences. MAGiC sequences provide T1, T2, and proton density (PD) maps. IDEAL-IQ sequences yield fat fraction (FF), representing the relative amount of fat within the IFP, and the transverse relaxation rate (R2*) within the IFP. IFP volume and maximum cross-sectional area were quantified. Two experienced radiologists independently analyzed the images using dedicated software. Inter-observer reliability for quantitative MRI measurements was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Paired t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-marathon measurements of T1, T2, FF, R2* values, IFP volume and maximum cross-sectional area. Pearson correlation analysis explored relationships between changes in IFP parameter changes and participant characteristics. <i>P</i> < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for all analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Post-marathon, IFP FF significantly increased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), while IFP volume significantly decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05), T1 and T2 values showed a decreasing trend. IFP appeared morphologically compressed post-marathon. A significant negative correlation was found between FF change and both body weight and body mass index (BMI) (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides novel evidence of robust IFP adaptation to marathon running, characterized by increased FF and potential fluid shifts, suggesting enhanced cushioning and load dissipation. These findings highlight the importance of considering individual biomechanics in understanding IFP function and injury susceptibility. Future research should clarify the clinical implications of these adaptations for runner injury prevention and rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930216/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeny of Cassieae based on seed morphological and ITS evidence.","authors":"Jing Cai, Chuang Yang, Leyang Wang, Jiaqing He, Qiang Wang","doi":"10.7717/peerj.18947","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.18947","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Cassieae tribe, comprising economically significant species, is understudied in terms of phylogenetics within China. This study aimed to elucidate the taxonomic status and systematic relationships among Cassieae species by integrating seed coat micro-morphological characteristics with molecular data from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA. (1) The results indicate that the tribe is classified into seven distinct clades; Clade V consists of <i>Chamaecrista</i>, which is characterized by primarily monosymmetric flowers with occasional asymmetry, the presence of extrafloral nectaries (EFNs), five or ten stamens, and pods that dehisce elastically. Clade VI is associated with <i>Senna</i>, which displays polysymmetric or monosymmetric flowers, uniformly ten stamens or occasionally three staminodes, variable presence of EFNs, and predominantly indehiscent pods, with rare instances of slit dehiscence. Clade VII is characterized by the presence of <i>Cassia</i>, which exhibits polysymmetric flowers, consistently ten stamens-three of which are elongated and curved, typically exceeding the length of the petals-and indehiscent pods. (2) The monophyly of <i>Cassia</i> and <i>Senna</i> was strongly supported, with <i>Cassia</i> grouping closely with <i>Senna</i>, but distantly from <i>Chamaecrista</i>. (3) It is noteworthy that <i>Senna occidentail</i> and <i>Senna sophera</i> are confirmed as sister taxa, while <i>Senna corymbosa</i> and <i>S. bicapsularis</i> are confirmed as sister taxa. By integrating molecular biology and morphological taxonomy, this research enhances our comprehension of the phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary history within the Cassieae tribe in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e18947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female philopatry may influence antipredatory behavior in a solitary mammal.","authors":"Alexandra Burnett, Michelle Hein, Natalie Payne, Karla L Vargas, Melanie Culver, John L Koprowski","doi":"10.7717/peerj.18933","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.18933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whether neighboring individuals are related or not has a number of important ecological & evolutionary ramifications. Kin selection resulting from philopatry can play an important role in social and antipredatory behavior. Ground squirrels exhibit alarm vocalizations in the presence of predators; however, the degree to which kin selection shapes alarm calling behavior varies with species ecology and the degree of relatedness between neighbors. We studied a solitary ground squirrel species that exhibits sex-biased calling propensity to determine if female philopatry may be responsible for sex differences in antipredatory behavior observed in our population. We used double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) to sample the genomes of Harris's antelope squirrel (<i>Ammospermophilus harrisii</i>) to determine the relatedness between individuals and test whether genetic and geographic distance were correlated. We found that geographic distance had a positive relationship with genetic distance, and that this relationship was sex-dependent, suggesting male-biased dispersal. Our results provide supporting evidence that female philopatry may be responsible for higher calling propensity observed in female squirrels, potentially influencing antipredatory behavior in this species <i>via</i> kin selection. Our findings add to a growing body of evidence that philopatry is an important ecological driver influencing sociospatial organization in solitary species.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e18933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive prognostic and immunological analysis of hexokinase domain containing protein-1 (HKDC1) in pan-cancer.","authors":"Zhi Liang, Tianhao Zhang, Jiajia Huang, Zhixin Huang, Zeyu Zhao, Shirong Cai, Jinping Ma","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19083","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.19083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Currently, research on the role of hexokinase domain-containing protein-1 (HKDC1) in neoplasm metabolism remains sparse. This study seeks to conduct a thorough investigation of HKDC1's potential functions across thirty-three different tumor types, utilizing data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We conducted a thorough data extraction from the TCGA database, subsequently employing R (version 4.2.2) and its associated software packages for detailed analysis. Our investigation centered on evaluating the differential expression and prognostic significance of HKDC1, while also examining its connections to tumor heterogeneity, mutation profiles, and RNA modifications. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship between HKDC1 expression and tumor immunity utilizing the TIMER analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A comprehensive analysis of various tumor types has revealed that HKDC1 is significantly upregulated in many malignant tumors. Importantly, patients with elevated HKDC1 levels in their tumor tissues often experience poorer prognoses. The association between HKDC1 expression, immune cell infiltration, and the existence of immune checkpoints suggests a possible connection between the tumor microenvironment and HKDC1, alongside tumor advancement. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) further substantiates the idea that HKDC1 may play a role in several critical pathways and biological processes associated with neoplasm. Additionally, the overexpression of HKDC1 is influenced by promoter methylation and alterations in DNA copy number amplification. Furthermore, in vitro experiments demonstrated that silencing HKDC1 resulted in a marked reduction in the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of neoplasm cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our initial pan-cancer analysis provided a comprehensive understanding of the oncogenic roles of HKDC1 across diverse cancer types. Moreover, HKDC1 has the potential to serve as a significant prognostic biomarker.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929506/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of YouTube videos on post-dural puncture headache: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Seher İlhan, Turan Evran","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19151","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.19151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Post-dural puncture headache (PDPH) is a common complication of central neuroaxis anesthesia or analgesia, causing severe headaches. YouTube is widely used for health information, but the reliability and quality of PDPH-related content are unclear. This study evaluates the content adequacy, reliability, and quality of YouTube videos on PDPH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed English-language YouTube videos on PDPH with good audiovisual quality. Two independent reviewers assessed the videos using the DISCERN instrument, Journal of American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria, and Global Quality Scale (GQS). Correlations between video characteristics and their reliability, content adequacy, and quality scores were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 71 videos, 42.3% were uploaded by health-related websites, 36.6% by physicians, and 21.1% by patients. Strong correlations were found between DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS scores (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Videos from physicians and health-related websites had significantly higher scores than those from patients (<i>p</i> < 0.001). No significant correlations were observed between descriptive characteristics and scores (<i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>YouTube videos on PDPH uploaded by health-related websites or physicians are more reliable, adequate, and higher in quality than those uploaded by patients. Source credibility is crucial for evaluating medical information on YouTube.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiology of kerosene poisoning in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective analysis.","authors":"Bassam M Hakami, Randa Mohammed Nooh, Ali Ahmed Asiri","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19094","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.19094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Limited national studies exist on the epidemiology of kerosene poisoning in Saudi Arabia. This study aimed to determine the frequency, demographic distribution, geographic patterns, and seasonal variations of kerosene poisoning incidents in Saudi Arabia from January 2019 to December 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cross-sectional study utilized data on all reported kerosene poisoning cases from the National Poisoning Surveillance System. Cross-tabulation with chi-square tests assessed the relationships between poisoning cases and key variables such as gender, age group, and region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 460 kerosene poisoning cases were documented: 32.2% in 2019, 37.2% in 2020, and 30.6% in 2021. Saudi nationals comprised 97.6% of cases, and the male populace felt more influenced (60.9%) than females (39.1%), although the variation that was found was not proven to be statistically significant (<i>p</i> = 0.912). Out of all age groups, kids between the ages of 1 and 5 were the ones to be primarily affected, accounting for 87.6% of cases (<i>p</i> = 0.029). Most incidents occurred in residential settings (83.7%) and involved oral ingestion (91.7%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Regionally, the AlQrayat Region reported the highest number of cases (53%), followed by the Northern Borders (18%) and AlJouf (15.7%), with incidents peaking during the colder months. Hospital admissions accounted for 41.3% of cases, while discharges against medical advice (DAMA) increased notably from 8.1% in 2019 to 28.4% in 2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Kerosene poisoning in Saudi Arabia predominantly affects young children and occurs in residential settings, with higher concentrations in northern regions during colder months. Public health interventions focusing on parental education, safe kerosene storage practices, and region-specific prevention strategies are essential to reduce the burden of kerosene poisoning and improve outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19094"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929502/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143692881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}