PeerJ最新文献

{"title":"Omics approaches to unravel insecticide resistance mechanism in <i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae).","authors":"Muhammad Aqil Fitri Rosli, Sharifah Nabihah Syed Jaafar, Kamalrul Azlan Azizan, Salmah Yaakop, Wan Mohd Aizat","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17843","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.17843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Bemisia tabaci</i> (Gennadius) whitefly (BtWf) is an invasive pest that has already spread worldwide and caused major crop losses. Numerous strategies have been implemented to control their infestation, including the use of insecticides. However, prolonged insecticide exposures have evolved BtWf to resist these chemicals. Such resistance mechanism is known to be regulated at the molecular level and systems biology omics approaches could shed some light on understanding this regulation wholistically. In this review, we discuss the use of various omics techniques (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) to unravel the mechanism of insecticide resistance in BtWf. We summarize key genes, enzymes, and metabolic regulation that are associated with the resistance mechanism and review their impact on BtWf resistance. Evidently, key enzymes involved in the detoxification system such as cytochrome P450 (CYP), glutathione S-transferases (GST), carboxylesterases (COE), UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGT), and ATP binding cassette transporters (ABC) family played key roles in the resistance. These genes/proteins can then serve as the foundation for other targeted techniques, such as gene silencing techniques using RNA interference and CRISPR. In the future, such techniques will be useful to knock down detoxifying genes and crucial neutralizing enzymes involved in the resistance mechanism, which could lead to solutions for coping against BtWf infestation.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agrochemical control of gene expression using evolved split RNA polymerase. II.","authors":"Yuan Yuan, Jin Miao","doi":"10.7717/peerj.18042","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.18042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Agrochemical inducible gene expression system provides cost-effective and orthogonal control of energy and information flow in bacterial cells. However, the previous version of Mandipropamid inducible gene expression system (Mandi-T7) became constitutively active at room temperature. We moved the split site of the eRNAP from position LYS179 to position ILE109. This new eRNAP showed proximity dependence at 23 °C, but not at 37 °C. We built Mandi-T7-v2 system based on the new eRNAP and it worked in both <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Agrobacterium tumefaciens</i>. We also induced GFP expression in <i>Agrobacterium</i> cells in a semi-<i>in vivo</i> system. The modified eRNAP when combined with the leucine zipper-based dimerization system, behaved as a cold inducible gene expression system. Our new system provides a means to broaden the application of agrochemicals for both research and agricultural application. Portions of this text were previously published as part of a preprint (https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.04.02.587689v1).</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380473/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The critical elements of the health system that could make for resilience in the World Health Organization African Region: a scoping review.","authors":"Dick Chamla, Chinwe Iwu-Jaja, Anelisa Jaca, Asiphe Mavi Ndlambe, Muyunda Buwa, Ngozi Idemili-Aronu, Joseph Okeibunor, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Abdou Salam Gueye","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17869","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.17869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Unpredictable events, such as the outbreak of infectious diseases and humanitarian crises, are putting a strain on health care systems. As a result, African countries will need to prepare themselves with appropriate strategies to withstand such occurrences. Therefore, the purpose of this scoping review was to map available evidence about what type and what components of health systems are needed to help countries cope with health emergencies and to foster health system resilience in the WHO African Region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search was performed independently in Scopus and PubMed electronic databases as well as grey literature. Studies were selected based on set eligibility criteria based on the Joanna Brigg's Institute (JBI) methodology for scoping reviews. The key findings were focused on health system resilience and were mapped based on the WHO's core health system components. Our data were tabulated, and a narrative synthesis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 28 studies were included in this scoping review, mostly conducted in the WHO African Region and region of the Americas. Studies focused on a variety of strategies, such as the continuous delivery of essential services, the strengthening of the health workforce, including community health care workers, community engagement, the provision of protective mechanisms for the health workforce, and flexible leadership and governance measures.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that strategies to improve health system resilience must include all areas of the healthcare delivery process, including primary care. A resilient health system should be ready for a crisis and have adaptable policies in place to offer adequate response at all levels, as well as post-recovery planning. Such health systems should also seek for continuous improvement. More research is needed to assess the efficacy of initiatives for improving health system resilience, particularly in vulnerable African health systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health-related issues of people experiencing homelessness in Thailand: a scoping review.","authors":"Apichai Wattanapisit, Pannawat Muttarat, Tida Sottiyotin, Pavarud Puangsri, Nadvadee Aungkawattanapong, Sanhapan Wattanapisit, Manas Kotepui","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17884","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.17884","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Homelessness is a significant global challenge affecting people worldwide. In Thailand, the health-related issues of people experiencing homelessness have not been a major research focus. This scoping review aims to explore the scope of research on health-related issues among people experiencing homelessness in Thailand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight databases (ACI, AMED, Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, TCI, and Web of Science) were searched from inception of each database to August 2022. The search terms consisted of terms related to people experiencing homelessness in Thailand. Research articles published in Thai or English were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 186 articles, 167 were excluded during duplicate removal (<i>n</i> = 45), title and abstract screening (<i>n</i> = 106), seeking for full-text articles <i>(n</i> = 2), and full-text screening (<i>n</i> = 14). Nineteen articles were included for extraction and synthesis. Three topics (health status, causes of homelessness and effects of homelessness on health, healthcare and social services) were summarised. The included studies described mental health (<i>e.g</i>., depression, suicide, alcohol and drug dependence), physical health (<i>e.g</i>., poor self-hygiene, injuries, accidents), and health behaviours (<i>e.g</i>., alcohol drinking, substance use, unsafe sex). Social behaviours and health problems linked to homelessness, and several factors related to health and living conditions (<i>e.g</i>., stigma, discrimination) were reported. People experiencing homelessness had some barriers to access to healthcare and social services (<i>e.g</i>., health insurance, social welfare, financial difficulties).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The majority of studies on health-related issues in people experiencing homelessness in Thailand are descriptive studies. Future studies should focus on the interactions and mechanisms between homelessness and health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11380475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific ion effects on the soil shear strength and clay surface properties of collapsing wall in Benggang.","authors":"Bifei Huang, Maojin Yang, Honglin Zhong, Jinshi Lin, Fangshi Jiang, Ming-Kuang Wang, Yue Zhang, Yanhe Huang","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17796","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.17796","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Benggangs are a special type of soil erosion in the hilly granite regions of the tropical and subtropical areas of Southern China. They cause severe soil and water loss, which can severely deteriorate soil quality and threat to the local ecological environment. Soils (red soil, sandy soil and detritus soil) were collected from collapsing wall of a typical Benggang in Changting County of Fujian Province, and their physicochemical and mineralogical properties were analyzed. Five different monovalent cations were used to saturate the soil samples to examine the specific ion effects on the shear strength and clay surface properties. Red soil had a higher clay content, plastic limit, liquid limit and shear strength than sandy soil and detritus soil. The studied soils mainly consisted of kaolinite, hydroxy-interlayer vermiculite, illite and gibbsite clay minerals. The soils saturated with K⁺, NH₄ ⁺and Cs⁺ had greater cohesion than the Li⁺- and Na⁺-saturated soils, <i>e.g.</i>, the cohesion of the red soil saturated with Li⁺, K⁺, NH₄ ⁺ and Cs⁺ cations were 1.05, 1.23, 1.45 and 1.20 times larger than that of the Na⁺-saturated soil, respectively. While the internal friction angle was slightly different, which indicated that different monovalent cations affected the shear strength differently. K⁺-, NH₄ ⁺- and Cs⁺-saturated clay particles had higher zeta potentials and thinner shear plane thicknesses than Li⁺- and Na⁺-saturated clay particles and showed strong specific ion effects on the clay surface properties. The changes in clay surface properties strongly affected the soil mechanical properties. Soils saturated with K⁺, NH₄ ⁺ and Cs⁺ could increase the shear strength, and then increase the stability of the collapsing wall, thus might decrease the erosion intensity of Benggang. The results provide a scientific basis for the interpretation of and practical treatment of Benggang.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378760/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing genetic diversity in <i>Pelargonium</i>: insights from crossbreeding in the gene pool.","authors":"Özgül Karagüzel, M Uğur Kahraman, Şevket Alp","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17993","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.17993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to enrich the <i>Pelargonium</i> gene pool through crosses and assess genetic variation among 56 genotypes from five <i>Pelargonium</i> species. Seventeen morphological descriptors were used, and NTSYS-pc software was employed to define genetic relationships, and a UPGMA-generated dendrogram reflected these relationships. Moreover, principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to determine which parameter was more effective in explaining variation. Results showed wide variation in genetic similarity rates, with the most similar genotypes being <i>P. zonale</i> 'c1' and a hybrid of <i>P. zonale</i> 'c1' x <i>P. zonale</i> 'c2' (90% similarity). According to the dendrogram results, it was observed that the genotypes were distributed in six clusters. In contrast, the most distant genotypes were <i>P. zonale</i> 'c11' and a hybrid of <i>P. zonale</i> 'c10' x <i>P. zonale</i> 'c11' (0.04% similarity). Hybrids from the female parent <i>P.</i> x <i>hortorum</i> 'c1' exhibited unique placement in the dendrogram. In the crossing combinations with this genotype, the individuals obtained in terms of flower type, flower color, flower size, bud size, early flowering, and leaf size characters showed different characteristics from the parents. Surprising outcomes in flower types, colors, and shapes contributed to gene pool enrichment, promising increased breeding variation success. The study holds practical implications for commercial breeding and serves as a valuable guide for future research endeavors.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal localization of upper extremity bilateral synergistic coordination using wearable accelerometers.","authors":"Khadija F Zaidi, Qi Wei","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17858","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.17858","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The human upper extremity is characterized by inherent motor abundance, allowing a diverse array of tasks with agility and adaptability. Upper extremity functional limitations are a common sequela to Stroke, resulting in pronounced motor and sensory impairments in the contralesional arm. While many therapeutic interventions focus on rehabilitating the weaker arm, it is increasingly evident that it is necessary to consider bimanual coordination and motor control.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Participants were recruited to two groups differing in age (Group 1 (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10): 23.4 ± 2.9 years, Group 2 (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 10): 55.9 ± 10.6 years) for an exploratory study on the use of accelerometry to quantify bilateral coordination. Three tasks featuring coordinated reaching were selected to investigate the acceleration of the upper arm, forearm, and hand during activities of daily living (ADLs). Subjects were equipped with acceleration and inclination sensors on each upper arm, each forearm, and each hand. Data was segmented in MATLAB to assess inter-limb and intra-limb coordination. Inter-limb coordination was indicated through dissimilarity indices and temporal locations of congruous movement between upper arm, forearm, or hand segments of the right and left limbs. Intra-limb coordination was likewise assessed between upper arm-forearm, upper arm-hand, and forearm-hand segment pairs of the dominant limb.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Acceleration data revealed task-specific movement features during the three distinct tasks. Groups demonstrated diminished similarity as task complexity increased. Groups differed significantly in the hand segments during the buttoning task, with Group 1 showing no coordination in the hand segments during buttoning, and strong coordination in reaching each button with the upper arm and forearm guiding extension. Group 2's dissimilarity scores and percentages of similarity indicated longer periods of inter-limb coordination, particularly towards movement completion. Group 1's dissimilarity scores and percentages of similarity indicated longer periods of intra-limb coordination, particularly in the coordination of the upper arm and forearm segments.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Interpretation: &lt;/strong&gt;The Expanding Procrustes methodology can be applied to compute objective coordination scores using accessible and highly accurate wearable acceleration sensors. The findings of task duration, angular velocity, and peak roll angle are supported by previous studies finding older individuals to present with slower movements, reduced movement stability, and a reduction of laterality between the limbs. The theory of a shift towards ambidexterity with age is supported by the finding of greater inter-limb coordination in the group of subjects above the age of thirty-five. The group below the age of thirty was found to demonstrate longer periods of intra-limb coordination, with upper arm and forearm coordination e","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11378761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142154769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A genetic investigation in five Chinese families with keratoconus.","authors":"Qinghong Lin, Xuejun Wang, Xiaoliao Peng, Tian Han, Ling Sun, Xiaoyu Zhang, Xingtao Zhou","doi":"10.7717/peerj.18037","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.18037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study investigated the genetic characteristics of five Chinese families with keratoconus (KC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the five families affected by KC, medical records, clinical observations, and blood samples were collected from all individuals. All KC family members (<i>n</i> = 20) underwent both whole exome sequencing of genomic DNA and Sanger sequencing to confirm the variants. Online software was utilized to analyze all variants, and the online server I-TASSER was employed for <i>in silico</i> predictions of the three-dimensional protein structures of the variants. The newly discovered variants and single nucleotide polymorphisms were further examined in 322 sporadic KC patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Pentacam tomographic composite index in those affected first-degree family members of the probands showed a pathological change. Five new variants were detected in the five probands and other affected members in their families: a heterozygous missense variant g.19043832C>T (p.Ser145Asn) in the homer scaffolding protein 3 (<i>HOMER3</i>) gene; a heterozygous missense variant g.99452113G>A (p.Gly483Arg) in the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (<i>IGF1R</i>) gene; a heterozygous missense variant g.55118280G>T (p.Trp843Leu) in the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein like 6 (<i>EML6</i>) gene; a heterozygous frameshift variant c. 1226_1227del (p.Gln410Glufs*17) in the DOP1 leucine zipper-like protein B (<i>DOP1B</i>) gene; and a heterozygous splice-site variant c.7776+2T>A in the neurobeachin-like protein 2 (<i>NBEAL2</i>) gene. These variations were predicted to be potentially pathogenic and associated with KC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Five novel variants in <i>HOMER3, IGF1R, EML6, DOP1B</i>, and <i>NBEAL2</i> genes were identified in this study and may be associated with the pathogenesis of KC. This study provides new information about the gene variants and their protein changes in KC patients. The findings should be explored further and could potentially be applied to the early diagnosis of KC before clinical onset.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11376248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142140751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Error in jump height estimation using the flight time method: simulation of the effect of ankle position between takeoff and landing.","authors":"Carlos Gonçalves, Roberto Baptista, James Tufano, Anthony J Blazevich, Amilton Vieira","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17704","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.17704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During vertical jump evaluations in which jump height is estimated from flight time (FT), the jumper must maintain the same body posture between vertical takeoff and landing. As maintaining identical posture is rare during takeoff and landing between different jump attempts and in different individuals, we simulated the effect of changes in ankle position from takeoff to landing in vertical jumping to determine the range of errors that might occur in real-life scenarios. Our simulations account for changes in center of mass position during takeoff and landing, changes in ankle position, different subject statures (1.44-1.98 m), and poor to above-average jump heights. Our results show that using FT to estimate jump height without controlling for ankle position (allowing dorsiflexion) during the landing phase of the vertical jump can overestimate jump height by 18% in individuals of average stature and performing an average 30 cm jump or may overestimate by ≤60% for tall individuals performing a poor 10 cm jump, which is common for individuals jumping with added load. Nevertheless, as assessing jump heights based on FT is common practice, we offer a correction equation that can be used to reduce error, improving jump height measurement validity using the FT method allowing between-subject fair comparisons.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic process drives the dissimilarity in biodiversity patterns between <i>Pinus kwangtungensis</i> coniferous forest and evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest in karst area.","authors":"Xingying Fan, Longchenxi Meng, Yeheng Wang, Lipeng Zang","doi":"10.7717/peerj.17899","DOIUrl":"10.7717/peerj.17899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Pinus kwangtungensis</i> is an endangered evergreen conifer tree species, and its <i>in situ</i> conservation has been considered one of the most critical issues. However, relative protection is limited by the lack of understanding of its community structure and underlying assembly processes. To study how the species diversity and assembly processes of <i>Pinus kwangtungensis</i> coniferous forest (CF) differed with regional climax community, this study established a series forest dynamic plots both in CF and evergreen deciduous broadleaved mixed forest (EDBM). By performing comparison analysis and PER-SIMPER approaches, we quantified the differences in species diversity and community assembly rules. The results showed that the species α-diversity of CF differed greatly from the EDBM both in species richness and evenness. In addition, the stochastic process acted a more important role in determining species composition, indicating the uncertainty in presence of species. The soil phosphorus and changeable calcium content were the main factors driving the differences in biodiversity, which the importance of soil nutrient factors in driving species composition. Our study highlighted that we should consider the community structure and ecological process when conducting conservation of <i>Pinus kwangtungensis</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11368079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142120407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}