PeerJ最新文献

{"title":"Development and validation of COVID-19 vaccination perception (CoVaP) instrument among healthcare workers in Malaysia.","authors":"Siti Nur Aisyah Zaid, Azidah Abdul Kadir, Mohd Noor Norhayati, Basaruddin Ahmad, Muhamad Saiful Bahri Yusoff, Anis Safura Ramli, Jasy Suet Yan Liew","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare workers (HCWs) play an essential role in facilitating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination, and their confidence in vaccination is crucial. Nevertheless, valid instruments for assessing the HCWs' perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination were lacking. This study aims to develop and validate the COVID-19 Vaccination Perceptions (CoVaP) instrument among HCWs in Malaysia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature review and discussion with research teams were conducted to identify the content to be considered. The instrument was developed in Malay language and underwent back-to-back translations to the English version. The initial CoVaP instrument was unidimensional with 12 items. The Malay and English versions underwent a content validation process by seven expert panels. However, only the Malay version underwent face and construct validation. Face validity was assessed using 30 HCWs. The construct validation was conducted in a two-step process using data from two cross-sectional study samples, including 125 and 300 HCWs for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), respectively. It was a self-administered questionnaire, and the data were collected using both face-to-face and online platforms. The data were analysed using Analysis of Moment Structure version 28.0 and Statistical Packages for the Social Sciences version 26.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis showed excellent content (item content validity index (I-CVI) = 0.83 to 1.0, average content validity index (S-CVI/Ave) = 0.97) and face (item face validity index (I-FVI) = 0.87 to 1.0, average face validity index (S-FVI/Ave) = 1.02) validity. The EFA analysis revealed seven items with two domains. Subsequent analysis using CFA demonstrated a two-factor model of seven items with an acceptable level of goodness of fit indexes (comparative fit index = 0.999, Tucker-Lewis index = 0.999, incremental fit index = 0.987, chi-squared/degree of freedom = 1.039, and root mean square error of approximation = 0.011). Finally, the Cronbach's alpha was satisfactory for both domains (0.899 and 0.815).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The CoVaP instrument is a valid and reliable tool for measuring perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination among HCWs. The high validity and reliability of the CoVaP instrument underscore its utility in capturing the unique cultural and contextual factors influencing vaccine perceptions among Malaysian HCWs. Understanding these factors is essential for designing effective public health interventions to address vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of exercise on glycolipid metabolism in adolescents with overweight and obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Xinyu Fan, Weihao Sun, Song Gu","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of exercise intervention on glycolipid metabolism in overweight and obese adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials were conducted. The review adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was registered (ID: CRD42024623686). Electronic searches were performed using the following databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and Embase. Randomized controlled trials of exercise interventions were included. Data on fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) before and after exercise interventions were extracted for overweight and obese adolescents. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) tool was used to evaluate the quality of the evidence. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated to compare differences between exercise and conventional control groups. Subgroup analyses were performed to assess whether effects differed by exercise type, intervention duration, supervision, and intervention frequency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 984 participants (576 in experimental groups and 408 in control groups) were included across 26 studies. The analysis revealed that exercise interventions significantly improved key metabolic parameters: FBG (SMD: -0.42 95% CI [-0.73 to -0.12]), FINS (SMD: -0.81 95% CI [-1.13 to -0.49]), TC (SMD: -0.18 95% CI [-0.34 to -0.01]), TG (SMD: -0.46 95% CI [-0.56 to -0.25]), LDL-C (SMD: -0.28 95% CI [-0.44 to -0.12]), and HDL-C (SMD: 0.26 95% CI [0.11-0.40]). Subgroup analysis indicated that exercise type, supervision and intervention frequency influenced the effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The analysis suggests that exercise interventions improve glycolipid metabolism in adolescents with overweight and obesity. Continuous endurance training demonstrated greater efficacy in improving blood glucose parameters, whereas hybrid-type exercise showed advantages in improving lipid metabolism. Engaging in three supervised training sessions weekly may be the optimal approach to enhance glycolipid metabolism in obese adolescents. These findings provide evidence for clinicians and healthcare professionals (<i>e.g</i>., exercise physiologists, physical therapists) to guide exercise prescriptions for obese adolescents, thereby preventing worsening metabolic imbalances.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19365"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel approach to assessing the bioavailability of biopeptide inhibitor of HMG CoA reductase from germinated and ungerminated Kara Kratok (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i> L.).","authors":"Cahyo Budiyanto, Andriati Ningrum, Agnes Murdiati, Retno Indrati","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The bioavailability of biopeptide compounds is a development challenge, mainly because of their resistance to the digestion system. This study aimed to determine the bioavailability of HMG CoA reductase biopeptide inhibitors from germinated and ungerminated Kara Kratok (<i>Phaseolus lunatus</i> L.).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Germinated and ungerminated brown <i>P. lunatus</i> were simulated for digestion enzyme <i>in vitro</i> (120 minutes for pepsin and pancreatin), followed by an <i>in situ</i> method for absorption. Perfusate samples were measured for the absorption percentage, inhibition of HMG CoA reductase, molecular weight (MW), peptide concentration, and hydrolysis degree (%DH).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that germinated brown <i>P. lunatus</i> exhibited the highest absorption (32.42%), and the percentage of HMG CoA reductase inhibition during enzymatic digestion was at 210 minutes (87.51%), with MW < 10 kDa, peptide concentration of 2.39 mg/mL, and %DH of 48.90%. These findings suggest that germinated brown <i>P. lunatus</i> is a potent HMG CoA reductase inhibitor with significantly higher bioavailability than that of its ungerminated counterpart. This finding underscores its superiority in this context and open new possibilities for biopeptide research.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144011649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A revised turtle assemblage from the Upper Cretaceous Menefee Formation (New Mexico, North America) with evolutionary and paleobiostratigraphic implications.","authors":"Brent Adrian, Heather F Smith, Andrew T McDonald","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The middle Campanian Menefee Formation (Fm.) of the San Juan Basin of New Mexico is a relatively understudied terrestrial deposit in southern Laramidia preceding the fossil-rich upper Campanian Fruitland and Kirtland formations that have been studied for more than a century. Previous collection efforts have revealed a diverse dinosaurian and crocodyliform fauna in the Menefee Fm., including ankylosaurian, tyrannosaurid, hadrosaurid, ceratopsian, and neosuchian taxa. Nearly a decade has passed since the last description of the Menefee turtle fauna, and we present new material that provides insight into turtle evolution during the Campanian in the Colorado Plateau, with implications for Late Cretaceous turtle paleobiostratigraphy in Laramidia. In particular, we extend the stratigraphic ranges of the baenids <i>Neurankylus baueri</i> and <i>Scabremys ornata</i> backwards from younger San Juan Basin strata, along with the nanhsiungchelyid <i>Basilemys</i>. Additional material increases Menefee representation of the relict helochelydrid <i>Naomichelys</i>, and the regionally prevalent derived baenids <i>Denazinemys</i> and <i>Thescelus</i>. Additionally, we report new pan-trionychian specimens, which provide insight into the persistence of <i>Adocus</i> and multiple trionychid and plastomenid species through the remainder of the Campanian in the San Juan Basin. A cluster analysis of turtle diversity across early-middle Campanian sites in Laramidia shows distributions consistent with latitudinal provinciality in some groups. For instance, derived baenids were restricted to latitudes south of southern Utah, along with marine taxa (bothremydids and protostegids) and pan-kinosternoids. Basin-scale endemism is also suggested by some baenid and trionychid distributions. Otherwise, the turtle fauna of the Menefee most closely resemble those of the similarly-aged Wahweap Fm. in southern Utah, and the Aguja Fm. in the Big Bend area of Texas and Mexico to a lesser extent. The Menefee turtle assemblage is consistent with reconstructed paleoenvironments characteristic of the western shoreline of the Western Interior Seaway. Recurrent cyclothems in these settings shaped the development of fluviodeltaic deposits that preserved distal components of large channels with surrounding floodplains and swamps, along with evidence of freshwater, brackish, and possibly shallow marine influence.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19340"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032963/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing a neural network model based on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) to predict the survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.","authors":"Wenqing Zhong, Ziyin Zhao, Xin Fang, Jingyi Sun, Yanbing Wei, Fengda Li, Bing Han, Cheng Jin","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19351","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer worldwide, and early pathological diagnosis is crucial for formulating treatment plans. Despite the widespread attention to pathology in the treatment of HCC patients, a large amount of information contained in pathological images is often overlooked.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively collected clinical data and pathological slide images from (a) 331 HCC patients at Qingdao University Affiliated Hospital between January 2013 and December 2016 and (b) 180 HCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). After data screening, precise quantification of various cell types was achieved using QuPath software. Key factors related to the survival prognosis of pathologically confirmed HCC patients were identified through Cox regression and neural network models, and potential therapeutic targets were screened.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study showed that tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) had a protective effect. We quantified the TILs index by machine learning and built a neural network model to predict the prognostic risk of patients (ROC = 0.836 for training set ROC validation set). 95% CI [0.7688-0.896], and there was a significant difference in prognosis in the high-low risk group predicted by the model (<i>p</i> = 2.6e-18, HR = 0.18, 95% CI [0.12-0.27], and TNFSF4 was identified as a possible immunotherapy target.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study included a total of 511 patients, divided into a training cohort of 331 cases (from Qingdao University Hospital between January 2013 and December 2016) and a validation cohort of 180 cases (TCGA). The results revealed that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have a protective effect and successfully predicted the survival risk of liver cancer patients using machine learning and neural network technology. The discovery of TNFSF4 provides a new potential target for immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19351"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032962/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver stiffness and serum galectin 3 level significantly increases in patients with prediabetes: a fibroscan study.","authors":"Huseyin Ali Ozturk, Hilmi Erdem Sumbul","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with the development and progression of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). In our study, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between liver stiffness (LS) and galectin-3 levels in patients diagnosed with prediabetes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 120 participants were included in this prospective and cross-sectional study, comprising 40 patients with prediabetes, 40 patients with type 2 DM and 40 individuals with normal glucose metabolism. Human galectin-3 levels were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with Human Galectin-3 kits. LS measurements were performed using the FibroScan® Mini 430 device (Echosens, France).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In our study, we found that Fib-4 index, LS and galectin-3 levels were increased in patients with prediabetes. Another significant finding was that hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and galectin-3 levels were higher in patients with LS value ≥8 kPa and both HbA1c and galectin-3 levels were independently associated with LS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Considering the increased prevalence of MASLD in prediabetes, we recommend early assessment of LS and measurement of galectin-3 levels in these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19377"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032955/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A cross-sectional study on perceptions towards safe disposal of unused/expired medicines and its associated factors among the public in Saudi Arabia-a threat to the environment and health.","authors":"Noohu Abdulla Khan, Vigneshwaran Easwaran, Khalid Orayj, Krishnaraju Venkatesan, Sirajudeen Shaik Alavudeen, Saad Ali Alhadeer, Abdulbari Ali Al Nazih, Ibrahim Hadi Saeed Al Afraa, Abubakr Taha Hussein, Sultan Mohammed Alshahrani, Mohammad Jaffar Sadiq Mantargi, Sivakumar Vijayaraghavalu","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19258","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The unsafe disposal of pharmaceutical waste poses significant health hazards and causes environmental pollution on a global scale. The lack of specifically authorized guidelines in Saudi Arabia for the disposal of unused medicines available at home creates an undue economic burden and potentially threatens the environment and healthcare.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The current study aimed to determine the presence, disposal practices, and perceptions of unused or expired household medicines. Furthermore, it identifies the association between demographic characteristics and the presence, disposal practices, and perceptions of the safe disposal of unused/expired medicines. The study also intended to obtain opinions on methods to control the hazardous effects of waste medicines and promote awareness among the public about the safe disposal of unused/expired medicines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study is a web-based, cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey conducted in Saudi Arabia. The authors of the current study developed a questionnaire based on relevant literature. The study questionnaire comprises various domains such as demographic characteristics, presence and disposal of unused/expired medicines, perception of safe disposal of unused/expired medicines, and recommended improvement plan for safe disposal of used/expired medicines. Estimating internal consistency, expert review, and retranslation methods ensured reliability, face validity, and language validation. The results are expressed as frequency and percentages for categorical data. In addition, a chi-square test was also performed to find the association between the independent variables and the survey responses.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Among the total population, 643 reported having unused/expired medicines at home, with antibiotics being the most common (79.4%). Symptom improvement is associated with accumulating unused medicines at home (71.7%). Age group, educational level, and occupational status were the predictors of the prevalence of waste medicines available at home (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05). The method selection for disposing of unused medicines was influenced by gender, age group, marital status, and educational level (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05), and the preferred method was putting them in the garbage (86.1%). Educational level is the most prominent factor associated with the perception of disposal of unused/expired medicines (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our study reveals a positive perception of the safe disposal of used or expired medicines, but practice requires improvement. The initiatives to improve the safe disposal practice should be tailored based on gender, educational level, and occupational status. Patient education during medicine dispensing could be an appropriate intervention and can be done by the pharmacist. Introducing medicine waste collection programs or safe medicine disposal guidelines for the ","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Hippo pathway in bone and cartilage: implications for development and disease.","authors":"Chenwei Shao, Hao Chen, Tingting Liu, Chun Pan","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bone is the main structure of the human body; it mainly plays a supporting role and participates in metabolic processes. The Hippo signaling pathway is composed of a series of protein kinases, including the mammalian STE20-like kinase MST1/2 and the large tumor suppressor LATS1/2, which are widely involved in pathophysiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and death, especially those related to biomechanical transduction <i>in vivo</i>. However, the role of it in regulating skeletal system development and the evolution of bone-related diseases remains poorly understood. The pathway can intervene in and regulate the physiological activities of bone-related cells such as osteoclasts and chondrocytes through its own or other bone-related signaling pathways, such as the Wnt pathway, the Notch pathway, and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), thereby affecting the occurrence and development of bone diseases. This article discusses the role of the Hippo signaling pathway in bone development and disease to provide new insights into the treatment of bone-related diseases by targeting the Hippo signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long non-coding RNA CYTOR promotes the progression of melanoma <i>via</i> the miR-485-5p/GPI axis.","authors":"Haitao Lu, Yunhua Zhao, Yanli Zhang, Shaomin Shi, Huanrong Hu, Xuefei Li, Yandong Niu, Haihua Qi, Shang Ji, Xinsuo Duan, Yaling Liu","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recent research has underscored the critical role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis and malignancy development. Nevertheless, the role of lncRNA cytoskeleton regulator RNA (CYTOR) in the progression of melanoma remains only partially elucidated. This research seeks to explore the impact of CYTOR on melanoma development and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong><i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> models were used to assess CYTOR expression levels by QPCR and Western blotting. Melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed by CCK-8 assay, scratch wound assay and transwell invasion experiments. The mechanism of CYTOR promoting melanoma progression was verified in a xenograft tumor mouse model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our investigation identified a marked increase in CYTOR expression levels in both melanoma tissues and cells. Experiments conducted both <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> revealed that CYTOR markedly stimulated melanoma cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed the direct binding of miR-485-5p to CYTOR, and glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) was identified as a direct target of miR-485-5p.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144019668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical analysis and angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of enzymatic hydrolysates derived from meat of goat-kids with supplemental selenium.","authors":"Silvia C Pérez-Ramirez, Rosy Cruz-Monterrosa, Mayra Diaz-Ramirez, Erika B León-Espinosa, José E Aguilar-Toalá, Monzerrat Rosas-Espejel, J Efren Ramirez-Bribiesca","doi":"10.7717/peerj.19261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.19261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The effects of selenium (Se) on animal health due to its antioxidant and immune system regulatory properties are very well-documented. However, there is still a lack of scientific evidence about the effect of Se on muscle tissue. Se supplementation in ruminants will enhance the antioxidant activity of myocytes and increase angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Generating bioactive peptides derived from meat could prevent the production of angiotensin II, a key player in the development of cardiovascular diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-five suckling goat kids were randomized into one of three groups: (1) CG: group without Se supplemented in the diet; (2) GSS: group with a single injectable dose subcutaneously of sodium selenite (Na₂SeO₃) at a dose of 0.25 mg/kg of body weight; (3) GSM: group with an oral administration of selenomethionine (SeMe) at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg of body weight). The effect of both sources of Se was evaluated on the proximate composition of meat and liver and the angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity of meat-derived enzymatic hydrolysates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The kids-goat meat from the GSM group had a higher protein content (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The fat content gradually increased over time in the treatment GSM, which increased <i>ca.</i> two-fold (from 1.77 to 3.68). The degree of hydrolysis of the meat samples decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the treatments supplemented with Se (GSS and GSM). The degree of hydrolysis increased significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.05) over time in treatments with Se (GSS and GSM). The electrophoretic patterns of the enzymatic hydrolysates at two h showed a molecular weight between 23.44 and 27.5 kDa, the bands with more intensity. At 21 d of slaughter, a major degree of hydrolysis was observed in the treatments supplemented with Se (GSS and GSM) compared to the CG. Meat protein content and rate of ACE inhibition after hydrolysis improved (50% and 2%, <i>p</i> < 0.05) with GSM at 7 d of slaughter. After hydrolysis, the IC50 of the selenium-supplemented groups decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.05) the amount of CAE and IC50 values.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first report describing the ACE inhibitory activity of bioactive peptides derived from goat-kids meat with supplemental. These results indicate the presence of ACE in goat meat; however, the percentage of ACE inhibition after hydrolysis was only improved with selenomethionine dosing at 7 days of slaughter. The study's novelty indicates that supplemented selenium synergized with ACE in goat meat. It is necessary to continue these studies to identify specific bioactive peptides, antioxidant activities, and goat meat's biological and functional value, considering it a functional food that can prevent metabolic diseases and be a healthy alternative for the human population.</p>","PeriodicalId":19799,"journal":{"name":"PeerJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"e19261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12024437/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}