Pathogens最新文献_第5页

Necrotizing Pneumonia: A Practical Guide for the Clinician. 坏死性肺炎：临床医师实用指南》。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-10 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110984

Esha Madhu Kapania, Rodrigo Cavallazzi

引用次数: 0

Observational Study on the Clinical Reality of Community-Acquired Respiratory Virus Infections in Adults and Older Individuals. 关于成人和老年人社区获得性呼吸道病毒感染临床现实的观察性研究。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110983

Masayuki Nagasawa, Tomohiro Udagawa, Tomoyuki Kato, Ippei Tanaka, Ren Yamamoto, Hayato Sakaguchi, Yoshiyuki Sekikawa

{"title":"Observational Study on the Clinical Reality of Community-Acquired Respiratory Virus Infections in Adults and Older Individuals.","authors":"Masayuki Nagasawa, Tomohiro Udagawa, Tomoyuki Kato, Ippei Tanaka, Ren Yamamoto, Hayato Sakaguchi, Yoshiyuki Sekikawa","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13110983","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens13110983","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of common respiratory virus infections on adults and older individuals in the community is unclear, excluding seasonal influenza viruses. We examined FilmArray® tests performed on 1828 children aged <10 years and 10,803 adults, including cases with few respiratory symptoms, between January 2021 and June 2024. Approximately 80% of the children tested positive for ≥1 viruses, while 9.5% of the adults tested positive mostly for severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Besides SARS-CoV-2 infection, 66 out of 97 patients (68.0%) aged >60 years with rhinovirus/enterovirus (RV/EV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus-3 (PIV-3), or human metapneumovirus (hMPV) infection required hospitalization, of whom seven died; 26 out of 160 patients (16.3%) aged <60 years required hospitalization mostly because of deterioration of bronchial asthma, with no reported deaths. In older patients with RV/EV infection, three with few respiratory symptoms died due to worsened heart failure. Although the frequency of common respiratory virus infections in older adults is low, it may be overlooked because of subclinical respiratory symptoms, and its clinical significance in worsening comorbidities in older adults should not be underestimated.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"13 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11597395/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142731496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development and Validation of an Indirect and Blocking ELISA for the Serological Diagnosis of African Swine Fever. 开发和验证用于非洲猪瘟血清学诊断的间接和阻断酶联免疫吸附试验。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110981

Chukwunonso Onyilagha, Kaye Quizon, Dmytro Zhmendak, Ian El Kanoa, Thang Truong, Thanuja Ambagala, Alfonso Clavijo, Van Phan Le, Shawn Babiuk, Aruna Ambagala

{"title":"Development and Validation of an Indirect and Blocking ELISA for the Serological Diagnosis of African Swine Fever.","authors":"Chukwunonso Onyilagha, Kaye Quizon, Dmytro Zhmendak, Ian El Kanoa, Thang Truong, Thanuja Ambagala, Alfonso Clavijo, Van Phan Le, Shawn Babiuk, Aruna Ambagala","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13110981","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens13110981","url":null,"abstract":"African swine fever (ASF) is an economically devastating viral disease of pigs caused by the ASF virus (ASFV). The rapid global spread of ASF has increased the demand for ASF diagnostics to be readily available and accessible. No commercial ASF enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits are manufactured and licensed in North America. Here, we report the development of two serological diagnostic assays, a blocking ELISA (bELISA) based on ASFV glycoprotein p54 and an indirect ELISA (iELISA) based on ASFV glycoproteins p54 and p72. The assays showed high sensitivity and specificity and detected anti-ASFV antibodies in serum samples from experimentally infected animals as early as 8 days post-infection. The two assays were produced commercially (AsurDx™ bELISA and iELISA) and subjected to extensive validation. Based on data from a set of characterized reference sera, the prototype commercial assays, while maintaining 100.00% specificity, showed 97.67% (AsurDx™ bELISA) and 83.72% (AsurDx™ iELISA) sensitivity. Both prototype assays detected anti-ASFV antibodies in serum samples collected from pigs experimentally infected with multiple ASFV strains and field samples collected from sick, recovering, and vaccinated animals. The two commercially available assays can be used in routine ASF diagnostics, serological surveys, and for evaluating serological responses to ASF vaccine candidates.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"13 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11597605/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142731241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization and Differentiation of Candida auris on Dixon's Agar Using Raman Spectroscopy. 利用拉曼光谱鉴定和区分 Dixon 琼脂上的白色念珠菌

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110978

Chrysoula Petrokilidou, Eleftherios Pavlou, Aristea Velegraki, Anna Simou, Ioanna Marsellou, Grigorios Filis, Ioannis D Bassukas, Georgios Gaitanis, Nikolaos Kourkoumelis

{"title":"Characterization and Differentiation of Candida auris on Dixon's Agar Using Raman Spectroscopy.","authors":"Chrysoula Petrokilidou, Eleftherios Pavlou, Aristea Velegraki, Anna Simou, Ioanna Marsellou, Grigorios Filis, Ioannis D Bassukas, Georgios Gaitanis, Nikolaos Kourkoumelis","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13110978","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens13110978","url":null,"abstract":"Candida auris, an emerging multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen, poses significant challenges in healthcare settings due to its high misidentification rate and resilience to treatments. Despite advancements in diagnostic tools, a gap remains in rapid, cost-effective identification methods that can differentiate C. auris from other Candida species, particularly on non-standard culture media. We used Raman spectroscopy to characterize C. auris grown on modified Dixon's agar (mDixon) and differentiated it from Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis. Key Raman spectral markers at 1171 cm-1 and 1452 cm-1, linked to mannan and β-glucan composition, differentiated C. auris into two subgroups, A and B. Despite the spectral similarities of groups A and B with C. albicans and C. parapsilosis, respectively, all Candida species were distinguishable through principal component analysis (PCA). Additionally, this study is the first to demonstrate the distinct spectral signature of mDixon agar, achieved through spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS), which enables accurate discrimination between the culture medium and fungal samples. The observed inter-individual variability within C. auris, coupled with the spectral overlap between C. auris subgroups and other Candida species, highlights a major challenge in differentiating closely related fungi due to their similar molecular composition. Enhancements in spectral resolution and further fluorescence minimization from the culture medium are needed to reliably detect the subtle biochemical differences within these species. Despite these challenges, the results underscore the potential of Raman spectroscopy as a real-time, non-destructive, and complementary tool for fungal pathogen identification.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"13 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11597615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142731505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Egg Residues of Amoxicillin, Single and in Combination with Bromhexine, in Laying Hens. 产蛋母鸡体内阿莫西林（单独使用或与溴己新联合使用）的药代动力学和卵残留比较

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110982

Jeong-Won Kim, Ji-Soo Jeong, Jin-Hwa Kim, Chang-Yeop Kim, Eun-Hye Chung, So-Young Boo, Soo-Ha Lee, Je-Won Ko, Tae-Won Kim

{"title":"Comparative Pharmacokinetics and Egg Residues of Amoxicillin, Single and in Combination with Bromhexine, in Laying Hens.","authors":"Jeong-Won Kim, Ji-Soo Jeong, Jin-Hwa Kim, Chang-Yeop Kim, Eun-Hye Chung, So-Young Boo, Soo-Ha Lee, Je-Won Ko, Tae-Won Kim","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13110982","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens13110982","url":null,"abstract":"The need for antibiotics in commercial laying hens is increasing owing to intensive farming systems. Amoxicillin trihydrate (AMX), an aminopenicillin β-lactam antibiotic, exerts broad bactericidal activity. However, its short half-life necessitates frequent administration to ensure efficacy, thus limiting its use. Herein, we investigated the effect of concurrent administration of bromhexine hydrochloride (BRM), a mucolytic agent, on AMX pharmacokinetics, performing a comparative pharmacokinetic analysis of AMX administration alone and in combination with BRM. AMX (50 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage once daily for three days alone or in combination with 10 mg/kg BRM. Plasma and egg samples were collected to evaluate pharmacokinetic profiles and egg residues. The area under the curve and maximum plasma concentration values were significantly higher in the AMX + BRM group than the AMX only group. However, there were no significant differences in AMX half-life in the elimination phase (T1/2), elimination rate constant (kel), or apparent clearance (CL/F) values. In the egg residue study, the withdrawal period for AMX was 5 days in both groups, with no significant difference when using the maximum residue limit (MRL) of 10 μg/kg. The concentration of BRM in the eggs remained at 100 μg/kg up to the fourth day following drug administration. Conclusion: These results confirmed that BRM co-administration increased systemic exposure to AMX, with a negligible residual impact of amoxicillin in eggs.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"13 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11597875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142731040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional Role of Hepatitis C Virus NS5A in the Regulation of Autophagy. 丙型肝炎病毒 NS5A 在自噬调控中的功能作用

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110980

Po-Yuan Ke, Chau-Ting Yeh

引用次数: 0

Survival of Borrelia burgdorferi Strain B31 in Human Serum Is Not Dependent on C4BP Binding to the Bacterial Surface. B31 株 Borrelia burgdorferi 在人血清中的存活不依赖于 C4BP 与细菌表面的结合。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110976

Tobias Jakobsson, Pär Comstedt, Sven Bergström, Johan Normark

引用次数: 0

How to Manage a Neonate Born from a SARS-CoV-2-Positive Mother: A Narrative Review. 如何管理 SARS-CoV-2 阳性母亲所生的新生儿？叙事回顾。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110977

Serena Salomè, Ida D'Acunzo, Federica Fanelli, Simona Perniciaro, Letizia Capasso, Francesco Raimondi, Chryssoula Tzialla, On Behalf Of The Study Group Of Neonatal Infectious Diseases

引用次数: 0

Does Every Strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Attack the Same? Results of a Study of the Prevalence of Virulence Factors of Strains Obtained from Different Animal Species in Northeastern Poland. 铜绿假单胞菌的每种菌株都具有相同的攻击性吗？从波兰东北部不同动物物种中获取的菌株病毒性因子流行率的研究结果。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110979

Paweł Foksiński, Alicja Blank, Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska, Joanna Małaczewska, Małgorzata Wróbel, Ewelina A Wójcik, Patrycja Sowińska, Nina Pietrzyk, Rafał Matusiak, Roman Wójcik

{"title":"Does Every Strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Attack the Same? Results of a Study of the Prevalence of Virulence Factors of Strains Obtained from Different Animal Species in Northeastern Poland.","authors":"Paweł Foksiński, Alicja Blank, Edyta Kaczorek-Łukowska, Joanna Małaczewska, Małgorzata Wróbel, Ewelina A Wójcik, Patrycja Sowińska, Nina Pietrzyk, Rafał Matusiak, Roman Wójcik","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13110979","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens13110979","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a pathogen that causes infections in animals and humans, with veterinary implications including ear infections in dogs, respiratory diseases in cats, and mastitis in ruminants. In humans, it causes severe hospital-acquired infections, particularly in immunosuppressed patients. This study aimed to identify and assess the prevalence of specific virulence factors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates.Methods: We analyzed 98 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from various animal samples (dogs, cats, ruminants, fowl) from northeastern Poland in 2019-2022 for virulence-related genes (toxA, exoU, exoT, exoS, lasB, plcN, plcH, pldA, aprA, gacA, algD, pelA, endA, and oprF) by PCR and assessed biofilm formation at 48 and 72 h. Genomic diversity was assessed by ERIC-PCR.Results: The obtained results showed that all strains harbored the pelA gene (100%), while the lowest prevalence was found for pldA (24%) and exoU (36%). Regardless of the animal species, strong biofilm forming ability was prevalent among the strains after both 48 h (75%) and 72 h (74%). We obtained as many as 87 different genotyping profiles, where the dominant one was profile ERIC-48, observed in four strains.Conclusions: No correlation was found between presence or absence of determined genes and the nature of infection. Similarly, no correlation was found between biofilm-forming genes and biofilm strength. The high genetic diversity indicates challenges for effective prevention, emphasizing the need for ongoing monitoring and research.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"13 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11597259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142731362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multidrug Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Clinical Settings: A Review of Resistance Mechanisms and Treatment Strategies. 临床环境中的耐多药铜绿假单胞菌：耐药机制与治疗策略综述》。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13110975

Beth Schwartz, Katherine Klamer, Justin Zimmerman, Pramodini B Kale-Pradhan, Ashish Bhargava

引用次数: 0