IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14070653

Karla Jocelyn Ortega-Carballo, Karla Montserrat Gil-Becerril, Karla Berenice Acosta-Virgen, Sael Casas-Grajales, Pablo Muriel, Víctor Tsutsumi

引用次数: 0

Deploying Metagenomics to Characterize Microbial Pathogens During Outbreak of Acute Febrile Illness Among Children in Tanzania. 利用宏基因组学表征坦桑尼亚儿童急性发热性疾病暴发期间的微生物病原体。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060601

Shabani Ramadhani Mziray, George Githinji, Zaydah R de Laurent, Peter M Mbelele, Khadija S Mohammed, Boaz D Wadugu, Brian S Grundy, Scott K Heysell, Stellah G Mpagama, Jaffu O Chilongola

{"title":"Deploying Metagenomics to Characterize Microbial Pathogens During Outbreak of Acute Febrile Illness Among Children in Tanzania.","authors":"Shabani Ramadhani Mziray, George Githinji, Zaydah R de Laurent, Peter M Mbelele, Khadija S Mohammed, Boaz D Wadugu, Brian S Grundy, Scott K Heysell, Stellah G Mpagama, Jaffu O Chilongola","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060601","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060601","url":null,"abstract":"Outbreaks of infectious diseases contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality in resource-limited settings, yet the capacity to identify their etiology remains limited. We aimed to characterize microbes and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in Tanzanian children affected by an acute febrile illness (AFI) outbreak using metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS). A cross-sectional study was conducted on archived blood samples from children who presented with AFI between 2018 and 2019. Total nucleic acids were extracted from 200 µL of blood, and complementary DNA (cDNA), along with enriched pathogenic DNA, was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. mNGS data were analyzed using CZ-ID Illumina mNGS bioinformatics pipeline v7.0. Results were obtained from 25 participants (mean age: 11.6 years; SD ± 5), of whom 36% had a moderate to high-grade fever. The following five potential microbial causes of AFI were identified: Escherichia coli (n = 19), Paraclostridium bifermentans (n = 2), Pegivirus C (n = 2), Shigella flexneri (n = 1) and Pseudomonas fluorescens (n = 1), with E. coli being the most prevalent. Twelve AMR genes were detected, including mdtC, acrF, mdtF, and emrB. E. coli harbored most of the AMR genes previously associated with resistance to commonly used antibiotics. mNGS offers a promising complementary approach to conventional diagnostics for identifying pathogens and AMR profiles in vulnerable populations.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12196098/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CRISPR-Cas Dynamics in Carbapenem-Resistant and Carbapenem-Susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates from a Croatian Tertiary Hospital. 克罗地亚某三级医院耐碳青霉烯和敏感碳青霉烯肺炎克雷伯菌临床分离株的CRISPR-Cas动态

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060604

Ivana Jurić, Marko Jelić, Manda Markanović, Lucija Kanižaj, Zrinka Bošnjak, Ana Budimir, Tomislav Kuliš, Arjana Tambić-Andrašević, Ivana Ivančić-Baće, Ivana Mareković

{"title":"CRISPR-Cas Dynamics in Carbapenem-Resistant and Carbapenem-Susceptible Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates from a Croatian Tertiary Hospital.","authors":"Ivana Jurić, Marko Jelić, Manda Markanović, Lucija Kanižaj, Zrinka Bošnjak, Ana Budimir, Tomislav Kuliš, Arjana Tambić-Andrašević, Ivana Ivančić-Baće, Ivana Mareković","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060604","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060604","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Background: CRISPR-Cas systems provide adaptive immunity against mobile genetic elements (MGEs) carrying antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. Carbapenem-resistant (CR) Klebsiella pneumoniae is a major public health concern, and the role of CRISPR-Cas in its resistance is understudied. This study explored CRISPR-Cas associations with multidrug resistance in clinical K. pneumoniae. (2) Methods: 400 K. pneumoniae isolates (200 CR and 200 carbapenem susceptible (CS)) were analyzed. Carbapenemase genes (blaOXA-48, blaNDM-1, blaKPC-2), cas1, rpoB, and CRISPR1-3 loci were identified by PCR, while only CRISPR loci were sequenced. Genetic relatedness was assessed via PFGE, MLST, and spacer analysis. Statistical analysis utilized chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests. (3) Results: CRISPR-Cas was present in 15.8% of isolates, mainly subtypes I-E and I-E* (93.3%), with CRISPR3 loci showing the greatest spacer diversity. Clonal complexes ST14/15/101 (CR) and ST35 (CS) were identified. blaOXA-48 was linked to CRISPR-Cas-negative strains, while blaNDM-1 and blaKPC-2 were more frequent in CRISPR-Cas-positive strains (p < 0.0001). Imipenem/relebactam resistance was higher in CRISPR-Cas-negative isolates. (4) Conclusions: K. pneumoniae CRISPR-Cas systems correlate with specific carbapenemase profiles, suggesting pressure against blaOXA-48 acquisition. The coexistence of I-E and I-E* subtypes highlight synergies in targeting MGEs. CRISPR loci could be tools for subtyping organisms following MLST.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12195874/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Epidemiology of Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever) and the Disease Ecology of Coccidioides spp. in New Mexico (2006-2023). 2006-2023年新墨西哥州球孢子菌病（谷热）流行病学及球孢子菌病生态学研究。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060607

Paris S Salazar-Hamm, Sarah Shrum Davis, Jovani Catalán-Dibene, Adriana L Romero-Olivares, Karen Edge, Andrew W Bartlow, Donald O Natvig, Morgan E Gorris

{"title":"The Epidemiology of Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever) and the Disease Ecology of Coccidioides spp. in New Mexico (2006-2023).","authors":"Paris S Salazar-Hamm, Sarah Shrum Davis, Jovani Catalán-Dibene, Adriana L Romero-Olivares, Karen Edge, Andrew W Bartlow, Donald O Natvig, Morgan E Gorris","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060607","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060607","url":null,"abstract":"Coccidioidomycosis (Valley fever), caused by Coccidioides spp., is a fungal infection endemic to semi-arid regions of the Americas. Despite 80 years of disease recognition in New Mexico, there is limited disease awareness. We incorporated clinical, epidemiological, and ecological datasets to summarize the knowledge of Valley fever in New Mexico. We analyzed 1541 human cases from 2006 to 2023. On average, 86 cases were reported each year (4.1 cases per 100,000 population per year). The highest levels of incidence were in southwestern New Mexico. American Indian or Alaska Natives in New Mexico had a 1.9 times higher incidence rate of coccidioidomycosis than White people, and among age groups, older populations in New Mexico had the highest incidence rates. We analyzed 300 soil samples near Las Cruces, New Mexico, for the presence of Coccidioides and reported the first known positive soil samples collected from the state, the majority of which were from grassland-dominated sites and from animal burrows. Sequence analyses in clinical specimens, wild animals, and soil samples confirmed that Coccidioides posadasii is the main causative species of coccidioidomycosis in New Mexico. Environmental surveillance validated that locally acquired infections could occur in, but are not limited to, Catron, Doña Ana, Sierra, and Socorro Counties.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12196052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children in Hangzhou (2022-2023). 杭州市2022-2023年儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染流行病学及临床特征

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060603

Qin-Rui Lai, Xiao-Li Chu, Ying-Ying Chen, Wei Li, Ya-Jun Guo, Shi-Qiang Shang

{"title":"Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children in Hangzhou (2022-2023).","authors":"Qin-Rui Lai, Xiao-Li Chu, Ying-Ying Chen, Wei Li, Ya-Jun Guo, Shi-Qiang Shang","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060603","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060603","url":null,"abstract":"Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a highly contagious RNA virus that causes respiratory infections, especially in children. This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 control measure changes on HRSV infection patterns in Hangzhou by comparing epidemiological and clinical characteristics. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 12,993 pediatric nasopharyngeal swab samples from children with acute respiratory infections at The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. These samples, collected between February 2022 and January 2024, were screened for HRSV and 12 other respiratory pathogens using capillary electrophoresis technology. From February 2022 to January 2023, the HRSV positivity rate was 7.06%. In 2023, it increased to 9.26%. The highest positivity rates were in infants aged 0-6 months and children aged 6 months to 1 year. Coinfections were most common with rhinovirus in 2022 and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 2023. HRSV positivity rates were low from April to September 2022, peaking in December. In 2023, the peak occurred from April to September. Symptoms ranged from mild to severe pneumonia, with higher hospitalization rates in children with underlying conditions. The study revealed significant changes in HRSV infection rates following pandemic restriction relaxations, emphasizing the need for the early identification and prevention of severe cases.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12195890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Usefulness of the BD MAX MDR-TB Molecular Test in the Rapid Diagnosis of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis. bdmax耐多药结核病分子检测在耐多药结核病快速诊断中的应用。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060602

Tomasz Bogiel, Edyta Dolska, Małgorzata Zimna, Kornelia Nakonowska, Dorota Krawiecka, Renata Żebracka, Maciej Pochowski, Agnieszka Krawczyk

{"title":"The Usefulness of the BD MAX MDR-TB Molecular Test in the Rapid Diagnosis of Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis.","authors":"Tomasz Bogiel, Edyta Dolska, Małgorzata Zimna, Kornelia Nakonowska, Dorota Krawiecka, Renata Żebracka, Maciej Pochowski, Agnieszka Krawczyk","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060602","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060602","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB), primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), remains a global health challenge and can lead to severe pulmonary and extrapulmonary complications. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) poses additional challenges, requiring advanced diagnostic and treatment strategies. This study evaluates the BD MAX MDR-TB molecular test for a rapid diagnosis of MDR-TB, detecting resistance to rifampicin (RIF) and isoniazid (INH). The BD MAX MDR-TB test, utilizing real-time PCR, was used to analyze specimens collected from TB-suspected patients, identifying MTB DNA and mutations associated with rifampicin and isoniazid resistance. Results were compared with traditional drug susceptibility testing, and 79 out of 638 samples tested were positive for MTB DNA, with 65 showing a sufficient amount of genetic material for resistance gene identification. The BD MAX test showed a 100% correlation with phenotypic rifampicin resistance, though discrepancies were noted for isoniazid resistance, with a 93% concordance. The BD MAX MDR-TB test is an effective tool for a rapid diagnosis of MDR-TB, especially for rifampicin resistance. However, it may not detect certain mutations related to isoniazid resistance. Complementary tests like Xpert MTB/XDR or whole-genome sequencing could improve diagnostic accuracy and support more effective TB control strategies.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12195635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characterization of the Diversity in Host Range of an Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Type IV Secretion System-Encoding Plasmid in Acinetobacter. 不动杆菌广泛耐药（XDR） IV型分泌系统编码质粒在宿主范围内多样性的表征

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060606

Kailey Martz, Dalya Alomar, Marisha Karim, Sara Knezevic, Vanessa M D'Costa

{"title":"Characterization of the Diversity in Host Range of an Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Type IV Secretion System-Encoding Plasmid in Acinetobacter.","authors":"Kailey Martz, Dalya Alomar, Marisha Karim, Sara Knezevic, Vanessa M D'Costa","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060606","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060606","url":null,"abstract":"The World Health Organization (WHO) cites antimicrobial resistance as among the greatest threats to human health. The multidrug-resistant pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii, recognized as a priority pathogen for healthcare and research, is responsible for a diverse array of infections including respiratory tract, soft tissue and wound, and bloodstream infections. Despite this importance, the mechanisms of its pathogenesis remain poorly understood. Conjugation represents a central mechanism for bacterial adaptation and evolution and is responsible for the spread of genes that promote pathogen survival, antibiotic resistance, virulence, and biofilm formation. Our laboratory recently characterized a large group of almost 120 Type IV Secretion System (T4SS)-encoding plasmids in Acinetobacter, distributed globally across 20 countries spanning four continents, and demonstrated that an XDR A. baumannii plasmid from this family was transmissible to another A. baumannii strain. This research investigated the potential diversity of host strains for this representative member plasmid. Using the GC1 lineage strain A. baumannii AB5075-UW harbouring the XDR plasmid p1AB5075 and a series of previously characterized clinical and environmental Acinetobacter strains, conjugative analyses demonstrated transfer of the XDR plasmid to both A. baumannii strains of more genetically divergent sequence types and to non-baumannii Acinetobacter species both inside and outside the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii (ACB) complex. Successful recipients included diverse strains of both clinical and environmental origin within the Acinetobacter genus. Collectively, this research could provide insights into an important genetic element for future surveillance.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12196012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment of a Sandwich ELISA for Detection of Pan-Merbecoviruses. 泛merbeco病毒夹心ELISA检测方法的建立。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060605

Kaixin Li, Misa Katayama, Ayano Ichikawa, Hiromichi Matsugo, Yuta Wakabayashi, Akiko Takenaka-Uema, Wataru Sekine, Taisuke Horimoto, Shin Murakami

{"title":"Establishment of a Sandwich ELISA for Detection of Pan-Merbecoviruses.","authors":"Kaixin Li, Misa Katayama, Ayano Ichikawa, Hiromichi Matsugo, Yuta Wakabayashi, Akiko Takenaka-Uema, Wataru Sekine, Taisuke Horimoto, Shin Murakami","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060605","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060605","url":null,"abstract":"Merbecovirus, a subgenus of Betacoronavirus, includes MERS-CoV and multiple bat-derived viruses with zoonotic potential. Given the unpredictable emergence of these viruses and their genetic diversity, development of broad-spectrum diagnostic tools is expected. In this study, we established a sandwich ELISA targeting the nucleocapsid (N) protein of merbecoviruses. We generated monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) using recombinant N protein of a bat merbecovirus, VsCoV-1, and selected cross-reactive clones for other merbecoviruses. Three mAbs showed strong reactivities with multiple merbecoviruses but not with SARS-CoV-2 or endemic human coronaviruses. Pairwise ELISA screening identified 1A8/10H6 mAbs as the optimal combination for detection of N protein from six merbecoviruses-VsCoV-1, EjCoV-3, MERS-CoV, NeoCoV, HKU4, and HKU5-with limits of detection (LODs) below 7.81 ng/mL, including 1.25 ng/mL for VsCoV-1. Infectious bat merbecovirus EjCoV-3 was detected at 1.3 × 103 PFU/mL. No cross-reactivity was observed with non-merbecoviruses, indicating its high specificity. This sandwich ELISA offers a rapid, reproducible, and cost-effective diagnostic platform with potential for high-throughput screening and automation. Moreover, its design is amenable to adaptation into point-of-care formats such as lateral flow assays, highlighting its value for field-based surveillance and pandemic preparedness.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12196402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular and Epidemiological Investigation of Cryptosporidium Infection in Goat Population from Bouira Province, Algeria. 阿尔及利亚布伊拉省山羊隐孢子虫感染的分子和流行病学调查。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060597

Samia Bedjaoui, Djamel Baroudi, Karim Tarik Adjou, Bernard Davoust, Younes Laidoudi

{"title":"Molecular and Epidemiological Investigation of Cryptosporidium Infection in Goat Population from Bouira Province, Algeria.","authors":"Samia Bedjaoui, Djamel Baroudi, Karim Tarik Adjou, Bernard Davoust, Younes Laidoudi","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060597","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060597","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptosporidiosis is a gastrointestinal disease affecting terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates worldwide. This study investigated molecularly and microscopically the prevalence and the diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in goats across the Bouira communes, Algeria. A total of 559 fecal samples were collected from 70 farms, representing 16.6% of the regional goat population. Samples were analyzed using microscopy (modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining) and molecular methods (i.e., qPCR and nested PCR targeting the 18S rRNA gene, followed by sequencing). Microscopy detected Cryptosporidium in 6.1% of samples, while qPCR revealed a significantly higher prevalence of 13.6% (p < 0.00001), confirming the superior sensitivity of molecular diagnostics. Spatial analysis identified significant clustering (Moran's I = 0.330, p = 0.0003), with communes-level prevalence ranging from 6.7% to 45.7%. Infection rates correlated positively with humidity and rainfall but negatively with temperature. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed Cryptosporidium xiaoi as the sole species circulating, showing 100% genetic similarity to global caprine isolates. Despite C. xiaoi's host adaptation, a GenBank review highlighted six other zoonotic species infecting goats worldwide, underscoring potential cross-species transmission risks. The study emphasizes the need for PCR-based surveillance to assess true prevalence and zoonotic threats, while climatic findings support targeted interventions in high-risk areas.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12196339/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of HIV Late Presentation Trends: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Leading Ecuadorian Public Hospital. 评估艾滋病毒晚期呈现趋势：来自厄瓜多尔一家领先公立医院的横断面分析。

IF 3.3 3区医学

Pathogens Pub Date : 2025-06-18 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14060598

Adriana D Suarez-Vizcaino, Nicole C Bustamante-Pancho, Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy, Hugo Pereira-Olmos, I Alberto Castillo, Esteban Ortiz-Prado

{"title":"Evaluation of HIV Late Presentation Trends: A Cross-Sectional Analysis from a Leading Ecuadorian Public Hospital.","authors":"Adriana D Suarez-Vizcaino, Nicole C Bustamante-Pancho, Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy, Hugo Pereira-Olmos, I Alberto Castillo, Esteban Ortiz-Prado","doi":"10.3390/pathogens14060598","DOIUrl":"10.3390/pathogens14060598","url":null,"abstract":"The global impact of HIV is especially significant when diagnoses are made in advanced stages. While strategies exist to mitigate late presentations, Ecuador's 2018-2022 strategic plan has not yet been evaluated. This study assesses the prevalence and implications of late and advanced HIV presentations in Ecuador, using data from a reference hospital in Quito. A cross-sectional analysis of 436 medical records of people living with HIV from the \"Hospital de Especialidades Eugenio Espejo\" was conducted between November 2015 and February 2020. The data were divided into \"Pre-Plan\" and \"Post-Plan\" periods for comparative analysis. The mean CD4 T count showed a non-statistically significant increase in the post-plan period (January 2018-February 2020). Notably, 65.1% of patients presented late, and 39.4% had advanced disease. Demographic data indicated that 89.9% were men, and 54.1% were under 30 years of age. No characteristics were identified that were associated with advanced late presentation of HIV infection. Sexual orientation data revealed that 69.1% identified as homosexual or bisexual. A predominance of late and advanced presenters was identified in the post-plan period, associated with being employed (p < 0.05) and being drug users (p < 0.001). There was also a greater incidence of late presenters among immigrants in the post-plan period (p = 0.045). Despite the implementation of Ecuador's 2018-2022 strategic plan for HIV, substantial challenges in reducing late presentations remain. This study suggests that early diagnoses have not significantly improved. Employed patients and drug users were more likely to present late, with drug users also accounting for many advanced cases. This study highlights the need for more focused and targeted strategies to supplement the existing plan.","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":"14 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12195847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144485433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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