Pathogens最新文献

{"title":"Interleukin-1 Beta rs16944 and rs1143634 and Interleukin-6 Receptor rs12083537 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms as Potential Predictors of COVID-19 Severity.","authors":"Inas A Ahmed, Taghrid G Kharboush, Hiba S Al-Amodi, Hala F M Kamel, Ehab Darwish, Asmaa Mosbeh, Hossam A Galbt, Amal M Abdel-Kareim, Shimaa Abdelsattar","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100915","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Host genetic variation has been recognized as a key predictor of diverse clinical sequelae among severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients. Insights into the link between the Interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) and Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) genetic variation and severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are crucial for developing new predictors and therapeutic targets. We aimed to investigate the association of IL-6R rs12083537, IL-1β rs16944, and IL-1β rs1143634 SNPs with the severity of COVID-19. Our study was conducted on 300 COVID-19-negative individuals (control group) and 299 COVID-19-positive cases, classified into mild, moderate, and severe subgroups. Analyses of IL-1β (rs16944, rs1143634) and IL-6R (rs12083537) SNPs' genotypes were performed using qPCR genotyping assays. The IL-1β (rs16944) CC genotype and IL-6R (rs12083537) GG genotype were substantially related to COVID-19 severity, which was also associated with comorbidities and some laboratory parameters (<i>p</i> < 0.001). The IL-1β (rs1143634) TT genotype was found to be protective. Likewise, the IL-1β (rs16944) CC genotype was associated with increased mortality. IL-1β rs16944 and IL-6R rs12083537 SNPs are promising potential predictors of SARS-CoV-2 disease severity. Meanwhile, the rs1143634 SNP T allele was protective against severity and mortality risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunoinformatics Design of a Multiepitope Vaccine (MEV) Targeting <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>: A Novel Computational Approach.","authors":"Romen Singh Naorem, Bandana Devi Pangabam, Sudipta Sankar Bora, Csaba Fekete, Anju Barhai Teli","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dental caries, a persistent oral health challenge primarily linked to <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>, extends its implications beyond dental decay, affecting over 4 billion individuals globally. Despite its historical association with childhood, dental caries often persists into adulthood with prevalence rates ranging from 60 to 90% in children and 26 to 85% in adults. Currently, there is a dearth of multiepitope vaccines (MEVs) specifically designed to combat <i>S. mutans</i>. To address this gap, we employed an immunoinformatics approach for MEV design, identifying five promising vaccine candidates (PBP2X, PBP2b, MurG, ATP-F, and AGPAT) based on antigenicity and conservation using several tools including CELLO v.2.5, Vaxign, v2.0, ANTIGENpro, and AllerTop v2.0 tools. Subsequent identification of linear B-cell and T-cell epitopes by SVMTrip and NetCTL/NetMHC II tools, respectively, guided the construction of a MEV comprising 10 Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes, 5 Helper T Lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes, and 5 linear B-cell epitopes, interconnected by suitable linkers. The resultant MEV demonstrated high antigenicity, solubility, and structural stability. In silico immune simulations showcased the MEV's potential to elicit robust humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. Molecular docking studies revealed strong interactions between the MEV construct and Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) and Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. Remarkably, the MEV-TLR-4 complexes exhibited a low energy score, high binding affinity, and a low dissociation constant. The Molecular Dynamic (MD) simulation analysis suggested that MEV-TLR-4 complexes had the highest stability and minimal conformational changes indicating equilibrium within 40 nanosecond time frames. Comprehensive computational analyses strongly support the potential of the proposed MEV to combat dental caries and associated infections. The study's computational assays yielded promising results, but further validation through in vitro and in vivo experiments is needed to assess its efficacy and safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11509883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From One Heath to One Sustainability: The Role of Contagious Mastitis Pathogens in Decreasing the Dairy Herd Sustainability.","authors":"Francesca Zaghen, Valerio M Sora, Giampaolo Zanirato, Alfonso Zecconi","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100914","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Economic, social, and environmental sustainability are the results of efforts aiming to improve all aspects of milk production, respecting animal welfare and improving herd health. An epidemiological study was designed to assess the role of contagious pathogens (<i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. agalactiae</i>) in a cohort of 120 dairy herds located in the southern regions of Italy. Milk quality was assessed using certified methods, and the prevalence of mastitis pathogens in bulk tank milk was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Welfare scores were assessed using a scoring card that has more than 100 items, including animal-based measurements. Statistical analyses were performed using general lineal model and logistic regression procedures. The results showed that <i>S. aureus</i> had a significant negative effect on the amount of milk nutrients delivered to the dairy plant, and on the level of welfare, whereas the presence of <i>S. agalactiae</i> did not show any significant association. The major risk factors associated with the presence of <i>S. aureus</i> were also identified to help prioritize control programs. These results support the \"One Sustainability\" approach, implying that an increase in animal productivity is related to the improvement of animal health and welfare and potentially leading to the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of an Infection Control Program Among the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo in Preventing COVID-19-Related Hospitalizations and Deaths.","authors":"Cameron M Torres, Victoria Aparicio, Gabriela Calzada, Ascension Mena, Charles T Spencer","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the United States declared a state of emergency and implemented large-scale shutdowns and public health initiatives to prevent overwhelming public resources. The success of these prevention methods remains unresolved as restrictions and implementation varied from national, state, and local levels. Despite national and local regulations, individual adherence to preventative guidelines presented an additional layer of variability. Cases of COVID-19 continued to rise and fall over a two-year period on a national level, despite masking recommendations, ease of testing, and availability of vaccines. The Ysleta del Sur Pueblo is a Native American tribal community and sovereign nation located in El Paso, Texas. Speaking Rock Entertainment Center is a major business operated by the tribe, employing many tribal and non-tribal members from the El Paso area. Following nationwide re-openings of non-essential businesses, Speaking Rock implemented an infection control program with strict adherence to recommendations provided by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and additional disease control. This response would result in a fully vaccinated workforce within the wider community of El Paso, where the vaccination rate was less than 80%. Herein, we examine the efficacy of these measures and report on the success of the program resulting in zero hospitalizations or deaths compared with rates of 1 in 250 and 1 in 40, respectively, in the surrounding community.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510218/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Escherichia coli</i> Occurrence and Antimicrobial Resistance in a Swine Slaughtering Process.","authors":"Aryele Nunes da Cruz Encide Sampaio, Evelyn Fernanda Flores Caron, Camila Koutsodontis Cerqueira-Cézar, Lára Cristina Bastos Juliano, Leonardo Ereno Tadielo, Patrícia Regina Lopes Melo, Janaína Prieto de Oliveira, José Carlos de Figueiredo Pantoja, Otávio Augusto Martins, Luís Augusto Nero, Fábio Sossai Possebon, Juliano Gonçalves Pereira","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100912","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The swine production chain can be a reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i>, which transfers resistance genes to other bacteria, serving as an important biomarker in the One Health approach. This study aimed to identify the frequency and antimicrobial resistance profile of <i>E. coli</i> in the swine production chain, assess the presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), and compare resistance profiles across different sample types. A total of 622 samples of swine carcasses from various points of the slaughter process (n = 400), swine feces (n = 100), commercial cuts (n = 45), environment (n = 67), and feces from employees (n = 10) of a pig slaughterhouse certified by the Federal Inspection Service, located in São Paulo state, Brazil, were collected. A total of 1260 <i>E. coli</i> isolates were obtained from the samples, with 73.6% of the samples testing positive. The agar disk diffusion test was performed with 10 different classes of antimicrobials. To confirm the production of ESBLs, the isolates were submitted to a double-disk synergism test using cefotaxime, ceftazidime, and amoxicillin with clavulanic acid. Of the total isolates, 80.71% were multidrug resistant. All ESBL-producing isolates were multidrug resistant and resistant to amoxicillin, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. Isolates from human feces samples had less chance of being multidrug resistant than samples from other sources. The diversity of resistance profiles was verified in the samples, not clustering according to the sources, except for human feces isolates that clustered, evidencing lower antimicrobial resistance variability of these samples. Antimicrobial resistance is significantly present in the pork production chain, necessitating a comprehensive multidisciplinary approach to effectively mitigate risks within the One Health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510025/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers: Virus Diversity, Vector Ecology, and Public Health Strategies.","authors":"Roger Hewson","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100909","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100909","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Viral haemorrhagic fevers encompass a diverse group of severe, often life-threatening illnesses caused by viruses from multiple families, including <i>Arenaviridae, Filoviridae, Flaviviridae</i>, <i>Hantaviridae</i>, <i>Nairoviridae</i>, <i>Peribunyaviridae</i>, and <i>Phenuiviridae</i>. Characterised by fever and haemorrhagic symptoms, these diseases challenge public health systems by overwhelming healthcare facilities, complicating diagnostic processes, and requiring extensive resources for containment and treatment, especially in resource-limited settings. This discussion explores the intricate relationships between VHFs and their transmission vectors-both animal and arthropod-and examines the impact of ecological and geographic factors on disease spread. The primary transmission of VHFs typically occurs through direct contact with infected animals or via bites from haematophagous arthropods, facilitating zoonotic and, at times, human-to-human transmission. With an emphasis on the role of diverse wildlife, domesticated animals, and vectors such as mosquitoes and ticks in the epidemiology of VHFs, there is a recognised need for robust surveillance and strategic public health responses to manage outbreaks. This review discusses the necessity of interdisciplinary approaches that integrate virology, ecology, and public health to enhance diagnostic capabilities, develop vaccines and antivirals, and improve outbreak interventions. Exploring the ecological and biological dynamics of VHFs will help bolster a deeper understanding of these emerging viruses and underpin preparation for future outbreaks. The importance of enhanced global cooperation, continuous research, and collaboration to mitigate the public health threats posed by these complex infections is a central theme, serving as a foundational strategy to reinforce worldwide preparedness and response efforts. Future directions include addressing gaps in vaccine development and tailoring public health strategies to the unique challenges of managing VHFs, such as the rapid mutation rates of viruses, the need for cold chain logistics for vaccine distribution, and socio-economic barriers to healthcare access, in order to ensure readiness for and effective response to emerging threats worldwide.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i> (Duttonella), <i>Babesia bovis</i> and <i>Babesia bigemina</i> DNA in Cattle from the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador, and Its Relationship with <i>Anaplasma marginale</i>.","authors":"María Augusta Chávez-Larrea, Cristina Cholota-Iza, Michelle Yugcha-Diaz, Jorge Ron-Román, Freddy Proaño-Pérez, Alicia Maya-Delgado, Jimmy Jumbo-Moreira, Armando Reyna-Bello, Claude Saegerman","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100910","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine trypanosomoses, caused by <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>, is a disease present in African and South American countries. This haemoflagellate protozoan parasite, as well as <i>Anaplasma marginale</i> and <i>Babesia</i> spp., are microorganisms that have a blood tropism, mainly causing fever and anaemia, which reduces the productive capacity of dairy or meat farms. This study aimed to detect <i>T. vivax</i> and other blood parasites in bovine herds in the Galapagos Islands. A total of 170 blood samples from bovines in 19 farms on Santa Cruz Island (the most populated) were collected and analyzed using different PCR techniques: <i>Da</i>-PCR and <i>CatL</i>-PCR to detect <i>Trypanosoma vivax</i>, <i>CatL</i>-PCR to detect <i>Trypanosoma theileri</i>, <i>ESAG</i>-PCR to detect <i>Trypanosoma evansi</i>, <i>18S rRNA</i>-PCR to detect <i>Babesia</i> spp., <i>rap-1</i>-PCR to detect <i>Babesia bovis</i>, <i>hyp</i>-PCR to detect <i>Babesia bigemina</i>, and <i>msp5</i>-PCR to detect <i>A. marginale</i>. The prevalence of <i>T. vivax</i>, <i>B. bovis</i>, <i>B. bigemina</i>, and <i>A. marginale</i> was estimated as 14.7%, 11.2%, 14.7%, and 67.1%, respectively. In this study, the presence of four haemotropic agents was evidenced in 26.3% (5/19) of the farms. Coinfected cattle (<i>A. marginale</i>, <i>B. bovis</i> and <i>B. bigemina</i>) had significantly higher body temperatures compared to others (two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum test; <i>p</i>-value = 0.047). The molecular techniques used in this study demonstrated the presence of <i>T. vivax</i> and <i>B. bovis</i> in cattle from Santa Cruz Island in the Galapagos for the first time. The study also investigates the relationship between <i>T. vivax, A. marginale</i> and <i>Babesia</i> spp., making a significant contribution to the field of veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HEV in Blood Donors in Switzerland: The Route to Safe Blood Products.","authors":"Mauro Serricchio, Peter Gowland, Nadja Widmer, Martin Stolz, Christoph Niederhauser","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100911","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is an emerging infectious disease with zoonotic potential, causing acute hepatitis in humans. Infections in healthy individuals are often acute, self-limiting and asymptomatic, thus leading to the underdiagnosis of HEV infections. Asymptomatic HEV infections pose a problem for blood transfusion safety by increasing the risk for transfusion-transmitted HEV infections. Here, we describe the journey from determining the HEV seroprevalence among blood donors to the implementation of routine HEV RNA testing of all blood products in Switzerland in 2018 and summarise the HEV cases detected since. In total, 290 HEV-positive blood donations were detected by mini-pool nucleic acid testing (NAT) in Switzerland in the period of October 2018-December 2023, equal to an incidence of 20.7 per 100,000 donations. Thanks to the implemented scheme, no transfusion-transmitted infections occurred in this period. Furthermore, blood donation monitoring has proven to be an effective means of detecting HEV outbreaks in the general population. HEV cases in Swiss blood donors are caused by two major genotypes, the Swiss-endemic subtypes 3h3 and 3c. Interestingly, 11 HEV cases (5%) were of genotype 3ra, a variant found in wild and farmed rabbits. Our results indicate that mini-pool NAT is an efficient method to reduce the risk of transfusion-transmitted HEV infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510004/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic Analysis of <i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i> ssp. <i>salmonicida</i> Isolates Collected During Multiple Clinical Outbreaks Supports Association with a Single Epidemiological Unit.","authors":"Konrad Wojnarowski, Paulina Cholewińska, Peter Steinbauer, Tobias Lautwein, Wanvisa Hussein, Lisa-Marie Streb, Dušan Palić","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Outbreaks of furunculosis cause significant losses in salmonid aquaculture worldwide. With a recent rise in antimicrobial resistance, regulatory measures to minimize the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry, including aquaculture, have increased scrutiny and availability of veterinary medical products to control this disease in production facilities. In such a regulatory environment, the utility of autogenous vaccines to assist with disease prevention and control as a veterinary-guided prophylactic measure is of high interest to the producers and veterinary services alike. However, evolving concepts of epidemiological units and epidemiological links need to be considered during approval and acceptance procedures for the application of autogenous vaccines in multiple aquaculture facilities. Here, we present the results of solid-state nanopore sequencing (Oxford Nanopore Technologies, ONT) performed on 54 isolates of <i>Aeromonas salmonicida</i> ssp. <i>salmonicida</i> sampled during clinical outbreaks of furunculosis in different aquaculture facilities from Bavaria, Germany, from 2017 to 2020. All of the performed analyses (phylogeny, single nucleotide polymorphism and 3D protein modeling for major immunogenic proteins) support a high probability that all studied isolates belong to the same epidemiological unit. Simultaneously, we describe a cost/effective method of whole genome analysis with the usage of ONT as a viable strategy to study outbreaks of other pathogens in the field of aquatic veterinary medicine for the purpose of developing the best autogenous vaccine candidates applicable to multiple aquaculture establishments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cats: The New Challenge for Rabies Control in the State of Yucatan, Mexico.","authors":"Aurea Mariana Salgado-Cardoso, José Ignacio Olave-Leyva, Ivonne Morales, Alvaro Aguilar-Setién, Irma López-Martínez, Nidia Aréchiga-Ceballos","doi":"10.3390/pathogens13100907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13100907","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growing population in Yucatan has led to the expansion of construction in the Mayan jungle for tourist spaces, residential areas, and agriculture. Recently, rabies cases in cats (<i>Felis catus</i>) have increased in the state. This study aimed to perform antigenic and genetic characterization of the rabies viruses in felines and to present the spatial distribution and environmental features of the areas where these cases were reported. The ArcGIS software and R were employed to generate maps depicting the geographic locations of rabies cases in cats. A total of nine feline rabies cases occurred during the period 2003-2022. Three antigenic variants were detected: dog-related RVV1 (<i>n</i> = 1); vampire bat variant RVV3 (<i>n</i> = 1); and the canine-originated atypical variant (<i>n</i> = 7). Cases reported in Merida (<i>n</i> = 4) and Muna (<i>n</i> = 4) were localized to urban areas, while Cuncunul (<i>n</i> = 1) was rural. This study highlights the concerning resurgence of rabies infections in cats, emphasizing the looming threat of its reintroduction in dogs should vaccination rates diminish. The genetic affinity between the atypical variant and the canine virus underscores the urgent need for vigilance in maintaining high vaccination coverage across all susceptible species.</p>","PeriodicalId":19758,"journal":{"name":"Pathogens","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11510174/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142505385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}