Open Medicine最新文献

{"title":"The effects of different types of RAGT on balance function in stroke patients with low levels of independent walking in a convalescent rehabilitation hospital.","authors":"Dae-Hwan Lee, Bong-Sik Woo, Jong-Hyeon Lim, Jin-Ook Choi, Yong-Hwa Park","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1212","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Stroke patients with low levels of walking independence often experience persistent deficits in gait and balance, which significantly limit their functional mobility and quality of life. Robotic-assist gait training (RAGT) has emerged as a promising intervention to promote motor recovery and improve postural control in this patients. While previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of RAGT, few have directly compared the effects of fixed end-effector type and mobile robotic gait devices in patients with severely impaired ambulation. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of these two robotic gait training on balance and lower extremities motor recovery in stroke patients classified as functional ambulation category 0 to 2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-eight stroke patients were randomly assigned to either end-effector or mobile robot groups, undergoing 12 weeks of therapy with one daily robotic session and seven conventional physical therapy sessions per week. Outcomes were measured using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and Fugl-Meyer Assessment for Lower Extremity (FMA-LE), with subcategory analysis for reflex activities, volitional movement within synergies, volitional movement mixing synergies, volitional movement with little or no synergy, normal reflex activity, and coordination/speed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups showed significant improvements in BBS and FMA-LE, with the mobile robot group showing greater gains. Both groups improved in walking independence, though no significant difference was found between them. Subcategory analysis showed improvements in reflex activities and coordination/speed in both groups, but volitional movement within synergies and volitional movement with little or no synergy improved only in the mobile robot group. Correlation analysis revealed significant relationships between FAC and BBS, and BBS and reflex activities. Volitional movement within synergies and volitional movement mixing synergies had high correlations with motor recovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both robotic methods effectively improved balance and motor recovery, with mobile robots showing greater potential for enhancing functional autonomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12205575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The maternal factors during pregnancy for intrauterine growth retardation: An umbrella review.","authors":"Ensiyeh Jenabi, Hoda Arabzadeh, Sara Abdoli, Salman Khazaei","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1217","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is no umbrella review on maternal risk factors associated with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR). Therefore, we assessed an umbrella review on maternal risk factors during pregnancy for IUGR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched three prominent international databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. We focused on meta-analyses that examined maternal factors during pregnancy associated with IUGR. The comparison was based on the odds ratio (OR) or related risk ratios reported in the included studies, heterogeneity <i>I</i> ², 95% prediction interval, small-study effects, excess significance biases, and sensitive analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four risk factors for IUGR include placenta previa with an OR of 1.19, placenta abruption with an OR of 2.06, epilepsy in pregnancy with an OR of 1.28, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with an OR of 1.53 were categorized as having suggestive evidence (Class III). Celiac disease with an OR of 2.48 and mullerian anomaly with an OR of 1.93 were considered risk factors with weak evidence (Class IV).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Four risk factors for IUGR including placenta previa, placenta abruption, epilepsy in pregnancy, and HCV infection were categorized as having suggestive evidence (Class III). Celiac disease and Mullerian anomaly were considered risk factors with weak evidence (Class IV).</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12205574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional risk assessment and nutritional support in children with congenital diabetes during surgery.","authors":"Jiaoyan Lian, Fang Zhang, Haoyu Chen","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1204","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1204","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This work investigated intraoperative nutritional risk and nutritional support for children with congenital diabetes.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 60 cases of children with congenital diabetes were assigned into two groups: the intravenous group (<i>n</i> = 30) and the oral group (<i>n</i> = 30). Medications were administered based on the actual conditions of patients. After surgery, the relationship between intraoperative nutritional risk score and glucose changes was studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients had normal liver and kidney function. In the intravenous group, 26 cases had sufficient calorie intake. The numbers of cases with normal nutrition, malnutrition, and severe malnutrition were 7, 12, and 11, respectively. The incidences of infection, delayed wound healing (DWH), difficult glucose control (DGC), and respiratory system complications were 3, 6, 12, and 1, respectively. In the oral group, 21 cases had sufficient calorie intake. Numbers of cases with normal nutrition, malnutrition, and severe malnutrition were 8, 9, and 13, respectively. The incidences of infection, DWH, and DGC were 2, 6, and 9, respectively. Fasting blood glucose <6.5 mmol/L and body mass index <17.3 were independent risk factors affecting nutritional support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nutritional risk assessment and support during surgery for children with congenital diabetes were crucial for appropriate support.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12203482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144529198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of enhanced external counterpulsation in long COVID.","authors":"Sachin A Shah, Quy Phan, Joshua A Radel","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1216","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251216"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison and correlations between findings of hysteroscopy and vaginal color Doppler ultrasonography for detection of uterine abnormalities in patients with recurrent implantation failure.","authors":"Nazli Navali, Esmat Sadat Kazemi, Hosein Azizi, Parvin Hakimi, Elham Eghbali","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1226","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Hysteroscopy is the gold standard for diagnosing endometrial and cervical canal pathology and can be used alone or in combination with other methods. The study aimed to compare abnormal findings of vaginal color Doppler ultrasonography (transvaginal sonography [TVS]) and hysteroscopy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 100 infertile women with a history of two or more failed implantations of <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) from January 2020 to January 2021 in the infertility ward of Al-Zahra Hospital in Tabriz, Iran. All patients underwent hysteroscopy and TVS in the follicular phase to examine the endometrial cavity. We calculated the sensitivity and agreement of TVS color Doppler compared to hysteroscopy and using appropriate statistical tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall proportion of abnormal findings was 69 and 66% through hysteroscopy and TVS. The sensitivity and kappa statistics of TVS compared to hysteroscopy were 95.6 and 93.2%, respectively. Endometrial polyps were the most common abnormalities in hysteroscopy (31%) and TVS (25%). In examining the relationship between hysteroscopy findings and vaginal color Doppler ultrasonography findings, a significant association was found between submucosal myoma and non-homogeneous myometrium (OR = 1.8 (1.02-5.3); <i>P</i> = 0.027), endometrial polyps and non-homogeneous myometrium (OR = 2.7 (1.04-7.4); <i>P</i> = 0.025), intrauterine adhesion and uterine artery PI (OR = 1.9 (1.3-8.2); <i>P</i> = 0.001), endometrial atrophy and endometrial thickness (OR = 2.4 (1.01-4.5); <i>P</i> = 0.034), and thick/irregular endometrium and adenomyosis (OR = 2.5 (1.4-15.9); <i>P</i> = 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal findings of hysteroscopy and TVS were observed more in patients who have a history of two or more unsuccessful IVFs. Comparing and evaluating the relationship between them can be considered a positive prognostic factor and a better diagnosis for achieving pregnancy in the IVF procedure in women with a history of recurrent implantation failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251226"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12176008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144326410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the measurements of peripheral oxygen saturation values in healthy young adults.","authors":"Oktay Uysal, Dilek Yılmaz","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1219","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The aim of the study was to examine peripheral oxygen saturation values in the index and middle fingers of the dominant hand in healthy young adults measured while lying in a supine position or sitting straight up.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was a non-randomized and non-controlled, quasi-experimental repeated measures study. It was conducted with 200 healthy young adults in Turkey. A pulse oximeter was located at the same time on the index and middle fingers of the active hand of each participant while sitting upright, and after being kept there for 1 min, the results of the measurements were recorded. Later, the participants were brought into a supine position, and after 10 min of rest, measurements with a pulse oximeter placed on the index and middle fingers of the active hand were repeated in the same way.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participants was 20.4 ± 1.8 years; 76.5% were female, and their mean body mass index was 22.5 ± 3.6 kg/m². It was found that when the individuals were sitting upright, the peripheral oxygen saturation values measured from the middle finger were significantly higher than the peripheral oxygen saturation values measured from the middle finger in the supine position (<i>p</i> = 0.003). It was found that the peripheral oxygen saturation values of female participants measured from the index finger in the upright sitting position and from the index and middle fingers in the supine position were significantly higher than the saturation values of male participants (<i>p</i> = 0.018, <i>p</i> < 0.001, <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively). In addition, it was found that the peripheral oxygen saturation values measured from the index and middle fingers of underweight individuals in the sitting position and from the index and middle fingers in the supine position were significantly higher than the saturation values of overweight individuals (<i>p</i> = 0.021, <i>p</i> = 0.006, <i>p</i> = 0.001, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In the conclusions of this study, it was found that the highest oxygen saturation value of the young adults was measured from the middle finger when they were in the upright sitting position. It was also found that the variables of gender and body mass index significantly affected the peripheral oxygen saturation value.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251219"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12198945/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144507273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic value of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and prognostic nutritional index for survival in patients with colorectal cancer.","authors":"Xianya Zhu, Qiuping Xu, Yi Zhou, Chunrong Zhu, Lili Zeng","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1214","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To analyze the impact of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), prognostic nutritional index (PNI), and body mass index on the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients and to assess their clinical value. This cohort study included patients who underwent radical resection (R0 resection) for colorectal cancer. Peripheral blood laboratory test results for all patients were obtained within 1 week prior to surgery for the calculation of the NLR, PLR, and PNI. A total of 201 patients were included in the analysis. A total of 19 patients experienced relapse, and 30 patients died. The median follow-up duration was 39.2 months. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicated that the PNI demonstrated moderately high predictive accuracy for overall survival (OS), with an area under the curve of 67.31%. After stratification based on the cutoff value, patients with a PNI of ≥44.48 exhibited a better survival prognosis than those with a PNI of <44.48 (<i>P</i> = 0.001). However, according to the univariate Cox regression analysis, the PNI was significantly associated with OS (hazard ratio: 0.29; 95% confidence interval: 0.14-0.62; <i>P</i> = 0.001). The PNI, rather than the NLR or PLR, exhibited better predictive performance. After classifying patients based on the PNI cutoff value, patients with a high PNI had better survival outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The law on oncological oblivion in the Italian and European context: How to best uphold the cancer patients' rights to privacy and self-determination?","authors":"Dalila Tripi, Susanna Marinelli, Federica Spadazzi, Francesca Romana Guarnaccia, Simona Zaami, Paola Frati","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1222","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Italy's oncological oblivion law codifies the right for cancer survivors to choose not to disclose their medical history under certain conditions, after 10 years from the end of treatment, or 5 years if diagnosed under the age of 21, in order to prevent discrimination in social, work, and professional opportunities.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This article compares Italy's law with other European countries', aiming to analyze its implementation 1-year post-enactment and its medicolegal implications. Official sources and research from platforms like Google Scholar and PubMed were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oncological oblivion was first mentioned in the EU's General Data Protection Regulation and further emphasized in the European Parliament's 2020 resolution. Italy's Law No. 193, enacted on December 7, 2023, aligns with constitutional principles to ensure freedom and equality for cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Balancing privacy rights with collective security is crucial, especially in high-risk professions or insurance, where data concealment could raise ethical and legal issues.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, while the initiatives implemented thus far are cutting-edge, there is an increasing necessity for more effective protection of the rights to privacy, self-determination, and psychological support to stave off patient discrimination. This is essential to ensure true equality among insured individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"End-of-life in cancer patients: Medicolegal implications and ethical challenges in Europe.","authors":"Susanna Marinelli, Nicola Di Fazio, Miriam Ottaviani, Gianpietro Volonnino, Simona Zaami, Lina De Paola","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1218","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study explores the complexities and distinctive traits of end-of-life (EOL) care and assisted suicide in cancer patients across Europe, and the challenges they entail. It analyzes various countries in the Southern, Central, and Northern regions. Legal, ethical, and cultural dimensions of euthanasia are examined. Differences in practices across Europe are highlighted.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The aim of this study is to provide an overview of EOL care policies in Europe by delving into the legislative/policy-making approaches of three selected nations, and implications thereof.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Disparities between regions are identified, to figure out margins for improvement. This includes advocating for a balanced approach that both upholds legal frameworks and respects patient autonomy. By doing so, the ultimate objective is to foster a culture of ethical and empathetic EOL care for cancer patients throughout Europe, ensuring that their needs and preferences are prioritized till the end. Advocacy for a balanced approach is recommended.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ultimately, the findings herein presented point to the need for a collaborative effort among policymakers, healthcare providers, and communities to build a more holistic approach to end-of-life care that harmonizes legal regulations with the ethical imperative of respecting individual choice in an environment marked by sensitivity and compassion.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163574/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with maternal attention and distraction during breastfeeding and childcare: A cross-sectional study in the west of Iran.","authors":"Roya Ahmadiniyatabesh, Erfan Ayubi, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Elham Fatholahi, Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi, Neda Skini","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1213","DOIUrl":"10.1515/med-2025-1213","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study was designed to address factors associated with maternal attention and distraction during breastfeeding and childcare and the role of smartphones in western Iran.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 breastfeeding mothers in Iran in 2024. The data collection tools included a demographic-obstetric questionnaire and the Maternal Distraction Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 16, and the significance level was set less than 0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest distraction during breastfeeding was associated with mobile phone use (62.14%), while the lowest was linked to reading (6.78%.). Mobile phone use was the highest distraction during breastfeeding and baby care (79.64%), while the lowest was reading a book (12.86%). Additionally, individual and social variables, such as education level, number of children, and economic status, were significantly associated with maternal attention and distraction levels (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Distraction during breastfeeding and during child care between women with three or more children was higher compared with women with one child. Additionally, distraction during child care between women with three or more children was higher compared with women with two children.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12163571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144302663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}