Open Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Necroptosis of hippocampal neurons in paclitaxel chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment mediates microglial activation via TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.","authors":"Lan-Lan Liu, Xin Liu, Shuang Zhao, Zhao Li, Jia-Xin Liu, Dong-Yang Ma, Xiu-Li Wang","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-1182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Paclitaxel (PTX) chemotherapy frequently induces cognitive impairment, which is closely associated with two key pathological processes: necroptosis of hippocampal neurons and microglial polarization. Necroptotic neurons release damage-associated molecular patterns, triggering inflammatory responses. As the primary immune cells in the central nervous system, microglia can exhibit either pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory activity depending on their polarization state. However, the relationship between PTX-induced neuronal necroptosis and microglial activation remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, both <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> experiments were conducted. <i>In vivo</i>, an adult male C57BL/6N mouse model of PTX-induced cognitive impairment was established and divided into three groups: Veh (vehicle control), PTX (paclitaxel only), and P + N (paclitaxel with Nec-1 treatment). Necrostatin-1 (Nec-1), a specific inhibitor of RIPK1, was used to inhibit necroptosis. <i>In vitro</i>, HT22 cells were used to prepare necroptosis-conditioned medium, and BV-2 cells were treated with this medium. TAK-242, a TLR4 inhibitor, was used to explore the role of the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway. Immunofluorescence staining, western blot, and ELISA were employed to detect relevant markers and cytokines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results demonstrated that PTX-induced necroptosis of hippocampal neurons activated microglia. Nec-1 effectively suppressed neuronal necroptosis and reduced M1 polarization of microglia. The TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway was involved in microglial polarization induced by the necroptotic-conditioned medium of PTX-treated HT22 cells. TAK-242 significantly blocked the regulatory effect of PTX-induced neuronal necroptosis on BV-2 microglial polarization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals that hippocampal neuron necroptosis activates microglia through the TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway in PTX-induced cognitive impairment, promoting M1 polarization and neuroinflammation. Inhibiting necroptosis promotes M2 polarization and neuroprotection. These findings uncover a novel mechanism of PTX-induced cognitive impairment and suggest potential therapeutic targets.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251182"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144036353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogen surveillance and risk factors for pulmonary infection in patients with lung cancer: A retrospective single-center study.","authors":"Hu Shan, Jing Wang, Qiuhong Zhang, Zongjuan Ming, Yonghong Zhang, Ping He, Ping Fang, Ming Zhang, Wei Li, Hongyang Shi, Yuanlin Guan, Shuanying Yang","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-1180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early and accurate diagnosis of pulmonary infection (PI) is crucial for the timely implementation of appropriate treatment strategies in lung cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Metagenomic next-generation sequencing and conventional testing were performed in lung cancer patients with and without PI. The pathogen profiles were analyzed, and risk factors for PI were explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 55 lung cancer patients with PI and 59 non-infected lung cancer patients were included. There were 41 underlying pathogens identified by both methods in lung cancer patients with PI. The coexistence of different pathogen types was common, particularly between fungi and viruses, which was observed in 28.57% of cases. The incidence of <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> and <i>Pneumocystis jirovecii</i> is significantly higher in small-cell lung carcinoma patients compared to that in non-small-cell lung carcinoma patients. Besides, cytomegalovirus, <i>P. jirovecii</i>, and <i>Aspergillus</i> were more likely to be found in advanced-stage patients. Risk factor analysis revealed that Karnofsky Performance Status <90 and chemotherapy were strongly associated with PI in lung cancer patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the complexity of PI in lung cancer patients, emphasizing the need for tailored diagnostic and therapeutic strategies based on cancer type and stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251180"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of smoking and smoking cessation on hematological parameters in polycythemic patients.","authors":"Kadir Ilkkilic, Dilek Karadogan, Tahsin Gökhan Telatar, Osman Cure, Aleksandra Klisic","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-1181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The number of studies on the effect of smoking cessation interventions in polycythemic patients is limited. Our aim was to examine the effects of quitting smoking on hematological parameters in patients with polycythemia and to evaluate the outcomes of smoking cessation interventions in polycythemic patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The prospective study was conducted in the hematology outpatient clinic between November 2022 and May 2023. Patients with polycythemia were grouped according to their smoking status. Smoking cessation interventions were applied to current smokers. Blood parameters were compared according to smoking status at the baseline and third month follow up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At first presentation, 65.4% (<i>N</i> = 93) of 142 patients were current smokers and 34.5% (<i>N</i> = 49) were non-smokers. Fifty-one percent (<i>N</i> = 47) of active smokers quit smoking at the 3-month follow-up after the intervention. Hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), mean corpuscular volume, very low density lipoprotein cholesterol, and immature granulocytes were found to be higher in active smokers compared to non-smokers at initial presentation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Hb and Hct values decreased in smokers who quit smoking compared to baseline values at 3 months (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Of the patients with polycythemia, 65% were current smokers and about half of them were successful in quitting smoking at 3 months with effective implementation of smoking cessation interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diverse electrophysiological demyelinating features in a late-onset glycogen storage disease type IIIa case.","authors":"Xiajun Zhou, Xingxing Zhong, Mingshi Gao, Dongyue Yue, Kai Qiao, Min Wang, Nan Zhi, Wenwei Cao, Lu Han, Jiahong Lu, Wenhua Zhu, Chongbo Zhao, Yangtai Guan","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-1172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycogen storage disease type IIIa (GSD IIIa) is a rare etiology among patients with adult-onset myopathy, which is typically associated with axonopathy rather than demyelination. We report a genetically and pathologically confirmed case that exhibited prominent electrophysiological hallmarks of demyelination, including prolonged distal motor latency, temporal dispersion, prolonged F-waves, and conduction block. The presence of these diverse demyelinating characteristics in this context, excluding other factors, is infrequently reported, suggesting that glycogen accumulation may influence not only muscles but also potentially the myelin, thereby broadening our comprehension of this rare disease spectrum.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251172"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048896/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144040764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Semaglutide treatment for type 2 diabetes in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia: A case report and review of the literature.","authors":"Yuchen Zhang, Anxin Li","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-1184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), severe obesity, and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) present therapeutic challenges, especially given the limited data on glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists in this setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We describe a 33-year-old female with poorly controlled T2DM (HbA1c 10.7%), severe obesity (BMI 47.05 kg/m²), and stable CML on tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. She received once-weekly semaglutide (0.5-1.5 mg) for 6 months, alongside insulin glargine and dapagliflozin/metformin. Clinical, biochemical, and molecular parameters were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 6 months, her HbA1c declined from 10.7 to 5.5%, fasting plasma glucose from 16.2 to 5.3 mmol/L, and body weight decreased by 18 kg. Lipid parameters improved, and molecular analysis confirmed continued CML remission (undetectable BCR-ABL1). The patient experienced only mild, transient gastrointestinal side effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this complex case, semaglutide proved safe and effective for achieving glycemic control and weight reduction without compromising CML stability. These findings suggest that GLP-1 receptor agonists may be a viable therapeutic option for patients with coexisting T2DM, severe obesity, and stable CML, warranting further investigation in broader populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032985/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels on the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair in patients with inguinal hernia.","authors":"Lifang Li, Renjie Cui, Wanli Ma, Kunhou Yao","doi":"10.1515/med-2024-1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2024-1066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effect of serum IL-6, C-reactive protein (CRP), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels on the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair in patients with inguinal hernia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical records of 42 patients with inguinal hernias who underwent modified preperitoneal Kugel repair were retrospectively analyzed. Serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 were detected before surgery and after surgery. The patients were divided into the corresponding high-expression group and low-expression group. The basic data and clinical characteristics of patients were analyzed and compared, as well as postoperative indexes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In patients with inguinal hernia, serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 increase first and then decrease after surgery, reaching the peak value around 24 or 48 h after surgery. Patients with high-expression of IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 had longer hospital stays and time to return to normal activities, and were more likely to have chronic abdominal pain. In addition, high-expression of IL-6 and CRP had a higher probability of postoperative VAS values and wound infection, and high-expression of IL-6 and MMP-9 were also more likely to have wound healing injuries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Serum IL-6, CRP, and MMP-9 levels in patients with inguinal hernia can affect the efficacy of modified preperitoneal Kugel repair and the prognosis of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20241066"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144017999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Comparing the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic minimally invasive surgery and traditional surgery for early-stage breast cancer: A meta-analysis\".","authors":"Qiji Ma, Tingting Shi, Huan Wang, Jie Xing","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-9994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-9994","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1515/med-2024-1133.].</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20259994"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144039288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender beliefs and legitimization of dating violence in adolescents.","authors":"Sónia Brás Ferreira, Mayana Bonfim Ferreira, Nadirlene Pereira Gomes, Amâncio António de Sousa Carvalho","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-1188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Knowing the gender beliefs (GB) that legitimize dating violence (DV) it is important for the prevention of this phenomenon. The aim is to evaluate the impact of GB interventions that legitimize DV.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single group quasi-experimental study, with a sample of 148 Portuguese adolescents. A questionnaire was used to collect data, with data processing carried out using SPSS, using descriptive and inferential statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The interventions included an infographic on gender asymmetries, a video about DV, and posters on the topic and Health Education sessions. The largest group fell into the less conservative GB (40.5%) and the categories of non-violent relationship and considerably violent relationship had the same percentage (38.5%). The rank mean of the gender belief inventory scale before and after the interventions was, respectively, 35.24 and 33.06 points, while the same measurements of the violent youth relations inventory scale were 2.74 and 1.63 points. There were statistically significant differences (Wilcoxon: <i>p</i> = 0.01) between the GB score before and after the interventions, as well as in the violent youth relations (VYR) scale score (Wilcoxon: <i>p</i> = 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interventions had a significant impact on reducing the GB legitimizing the DV and VYR, and were effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144013334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic metals and metalloids in collagen supplements of fish and jellyfish origin: Risk assessment for daily intake.","authors":"Gaetano Cammilleri, Marina Tortorici, Licia Pantano, Francesco Giuseppe Galluzzo, Andrea Pulvirenti, Maria Drussilla Buscemi, Gianluigi Maria Lo Dico, Andrea Macaluso, Vittorio Calabrese, Ursula M Jacob, Vincenzo Ferrantelli","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-1141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>We examined marine collagen supplements derived from fish and jellyfish for the presence of toxic metals and metalloids (Pb, Cd, Cr, Hg, and As). A risk assessment was also carried out by converting the obtained concentrations into average daily doses (ADDs) and comparing them with tolerable daily intakes (TDIs) to evaluate potential health risks associated with long-term consumption.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The levels of Pb, Cd, Cr, and As in marine collagen samples were quantified using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Mercury levels were analysed with a direct analyser. The study analysed various brands of marine collagen supplements from fish and jellyfish, ensuring compliance with EU regulatory limits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Arsenic was the most abundant element detected, with mean values of 0.59 ± 0.28 mg/kg, followed by Pb (0.13 ± 0.02 mg/kg). Significant variability was observed between brands. Hg was detectable in only 12% of the samples. Marine collagen samples derived from jellyfish and <i>Scomber scombrus</i> skin extract showed no detectable toxic metals or metalloids. None of the samples exceeded EU regulatory limits, and ADDs were consistently below TDIs, indicating safety for consumption at recommended doses. However, it is recommended that food safety regulations be updated to account for potential cumulative risks from simultaneous intake of contaminated supplements.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic changes in lactate-related genes in microglia and their role in immune cell interactions after ischemic stroke.","authors":"Jinzhong Yao, Huan Deng, Peng Wang, Bo Li, Zaisheng Qin","doi":"10.1515/med-2025-1178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2025-1178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to elucidate the dynamic changes in lactate-related genes (LRGs) in microglia following ischemic stroke (IS) and their associations with immune cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed differential expression analysis on bulk-sequencing (GSE30655 and GSE35338) and scRNA-seq data (GSE174574) to identify differentially expressed genes. These genes were intersected with lactate genes from MSigDB to identify post-stroke LRGs. We used t-SNE to visualize LRG distribution across cell types and selected microglia for cell-cell communication, pseudo time, and functional enrichment analyses. These findings were integrated with the GSE225948 scRNA-seq dataset to examine LRG trends in the chronic phase of IS. Finally, CIBERSORT was used to explore immune cell infiltration changes and LRG-immune cell associations post-IS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine LRGs were identified, including Spp1, Per2, Col4a1, Sfxn4, C1qbp, Myc, Apln, Cdo1, and Cav1, with Spp1, C1qbp, and Myc highly expressed in microglia. C1qbp and Myc are crucial in the acute phase, while Spp1 impacts both acute and chronic phases of IS. Microglia subcluster analysis revealed four subclusters (MG0-MG3). Immune cell infiltration analysis showed significant associations between these genes and immune cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, Spp1, C1qbp, and Myc are LRGs that are predominantly expressed in microglia and play regulatory roles in various stages of IS.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":"20251178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12032981/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}