Open Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Postoperative malnutrition predicts severe chemotherapy toxicity after gastrectomy: evaluation of an inflammation-anemia phenotype.","authors":"Jiangtao Zhao, Zhengyu Jin","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Severe toxicity during adjuvant chemotherapy after curative gastrectomy is common. We evaluated whether postoperative malnutrition predicts severe toxicity, whether an inflammation-anemia (IA) composite adds incremental information, and whether a simple risk model offers clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this single-center prospective cohort, adults received adjuvant chemotherapy after curative gastrectomy. Malnutrition was defined as albumin <35 g/L, BMI <18.5 kg/m², or low skeletal muscle index; IA as CRP ≥1.5 mg/L plus hemoglobin <120 g/L. A ridge-penalized logistic model included age, pathologic stage, regimen (S-1 vs. oxaliplatin-based multi-agent), malnutrition, IA, and a malnutrition × regimen interaction. Nested 5-fold cross-validation and decision curve analysis evaluated model performance and net benefit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 222 screened patients, 219 were analyzed. Severe toxicity occurred in 48/219 (21.9 %), more often with multi-agent therapy than S-1 (23.5 vs. 8.7 %). Malnutrition was strongly associated with toxicity and remained an independent predictor (penalized OR 3.42, 95 % CI 1.75-6.68), whereas IA was not. Out-of-sample AUROC was 0.695, Brier score 0.156, and calibration slope 0.86. At a 0.30 threshold, net benefit was higher for the full model than for base + malnutrition.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Postoperative malnutrition is a key predictor of severe adjuvant chemotherapy toxicity after gastrectomy. This parsimonious model may support risk-adapted supportive care and treatment planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13660740/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ATG5-overexpressing MSCs improve ligament healing with an associated shift toward M2 macrophage polarization in aged rats.","authors":"Xiaoyu Chen, Jinmei Gao, Yao Wei, Guosheng Xing, Yu Yuan","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1545","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Autophagy is crucial for maintaining mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) function, yet its role in age-related ligament healing deficits remains unclear. This study examined the relationship between MSC autophagic activity and age-related ligament healing and evaluated ATG5 overexpression effects on autophagy and regeneration.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury models were established in young and aged rats. Healing was assessed using ultrasound, histology, immunohistochemistry, apoptosis assays, and biomechanical testing. Aged MSCs were engineered to overexpress ATG5 and transplanted into injured ligaments. Repair outcomes and macrophage polarization changes were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Aged rats exhibited impaired ligament healing, and aged MSCs displayed reduced autophagic activity. ATG5 overexpression enhanced autophagy in aged MSCs, and transplantation of ATG5-overexpressing MSCs was associated with improved ligament repair in aged rats, including increased proliferation, angiogenesis, collagen organization, and biomechanical strength, alongside reduced apoptosis. ATG5-overexpressing MSC transplantation was also associated with lower M1 and higher M2 macrophage markers and a more anti-inflammatory cytokine profile. Reduced MSC autophagy was associated with age-related ligament healing deficits.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings support a potential relationship among ATG5-associated autophagy, macrophage phenotype, and improved ligament repair, while the causal dependence of therapeutic effects on autophagy and macrophage polarization remains to be established.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261545"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656048/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149182806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hysteroscopic polypectomy with vs. without levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system in women with endometrial polyps and dysmenorrhea.","authors":"Yongyan Ni, Yue Chen","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate, among premenopausal women with endometrial polyps and documented dysmenorrhea, whether levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) placement after hysteroscopic polypectomy (HP) was associated with better outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed 276 premenopausal women with pathologically confirmed endometrial polyps who underwent HP between January 2022 and December 2024. Patients were classified into an HP-alone group (n=162) or an HP+LNG-IUS group (n=114).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At 12 months, the HP+LNG-IUS group had lower VAS scores than the HP group (aMD=-0.36; 95 % CI, -0.60 to -0.12; p=0.004). Clinically meaningful dysmenorrhea improvement occurred in 79.82 % in the HP+LNG-IUS group and 65.43 % in the HP group (aOR, 2.22; 95 % CI, 1.23-3.99; p=0.008). HP+LNG-IUS was also associated with a lower 12-month PBAC score and thinner endometrium. Exploratory analyses showed lower measured FSH, LH, estradiol, and progesterone levels. Polyp recurrence was observed in 2.63 % in the HP+LNG-IUS group and 9.26 % in the HP group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study, LNG-IUS placement after HP was associated with modestly lower pain scores, lower menstrual blood loss, thinner endometrium, and lower observed 12-month polyp recurrence. Residual confounding, sparse recurrence events, ultrasound-based recurrence ascertainment, and retrospective adverse-event capture limit causal and safety inferences. Prospective controlled studies are required.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261524"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656975/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole peritoneal radiotherapy in malignant ascites: a hypothesis-generating conceptual review.","authors":"Mirosław Kiedrowski, Katarzyna Ziemba, Paweł Banatkiewicz, Przemysław Kapała, Ewa Szulecka, Paweł Nurzyński","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1546","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Malignant ascites (MA) impairs quality of life and remains difficult to control with symptomatic treatments. We summarize the rationale, uncertainties, and potential role of whole-peritoneal radiotherapy (WPRT) as an investigational palliative strategy for MA. The available evidence is limited, and no prospective or high-quality data currently establish WPRT as an effective treatment for MA.</p><p><strong>Content: </strong>We conducted a narrative review of MA in the context of palliative radiotherapy, whole-abdominal and whole-peritoneal irradiation, technical feasibility, and treatment-related toxicity. Because no prospective or systematically designed studies have evaluated WPRT using ascites-specific endpoints, indirect evidence was included. An illustrative radiotherapy planning simulation in a model patient was also presented to demonstrate technical considerations.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Direct evidence supporting WPRT for symptom control in MA is lacking. However, the available literature provides a plausible rationale for this approach. Published literature supports the technical feasibility of large-field abdominal irradiation in selected oncological settings, but does not establish the feasibility, safety, or efficacy of WPRT specifically for MA.</p><p><strong>Outlook: </strong>WPRT should be regarded as an investigational palliative approach supported by clinical rationale rather than evidence-based practice. WPRT may extend symptom-directed palliative radiotherapy to selected patients with MA, but its value requires prospective evaluation using ascites-specific endpoints.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261546"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and evaluating per-protocol adherence definitions in a large pragmatic clinical trial: insights from the Diuretic Comparison Project.","authors":"Sonia T Anand, Cynthia Hau, Michael J Davenport, Areef Ishani, William C Cushman, Peter A Glassman, Addison A Taylor, Robert A Lew, Ryan E Ferguson, Sarah M Leatherman","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Pragmatic clinical trials leveraging real-world data, such as the Diuretic Comparison Project (DCP), present unique challenges in measuring treatment adherence compared to traditional randomized controlled trials. In DCP, medications were managed through routine VA care and monitored via pharmacy claims, requiring tailored methods to assess adherence beyond standard measures like medication possession ratio (MPR). To develop a data-driven approach to define protocol treatment adherence for pragmatic comparative effectiveness trials.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Structured EHR pharmacy dispense records guided categorization of treatment changes for two diuretics - chlorthalidone (CTD) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). We examined fill intervals, total drug supply, filling patterns among others to identify prescribing characteristics informing medication adherence definitions and time censoring for per-protocol analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nonadherence was defined as having a gap (>90-days pause in assigned treatment), switch (receiving the other study medication), or discontinuation (without CTD/HCTZ for >90-days). 5,476 patients met nonadherence criteria - 2,851 (52 %) in CTD and 2,625 (48 %) in HCTZ. Switching occurred earlier in CTD patients, gaps were more common in HCTZ, but discontinuation was similar between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Defining adherence requires complex decision-making hybrid framework entailing both clinical and statistical expertise. Pragmatic studies should allow flexibility to generate data-driven, clinically-sensitive measures that appropriately describe trial compliance.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261514"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13656047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149183030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety study of sitagliptin combined with metoprolol on the treatment of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension.","authors":"Xiaoqing Dai, Jiali Yu","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1538","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Sitagliptin is a standard therapeutic option for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), while metoprolol is an antihypertensive agent. This study aimed to assess the safety of their combination therapy in elderly patients with T2DM and hypertension.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Medical data of 52 elderly patients with T2DM and hypertension from June 2021 to March 2024 were retrospectively collected. According to different treatment methods, 52 patients were categorized into the sitagliptin + metoprolol group (n=26) and the sitagliptin group (n=26). After a 12-week treatment period, the baseline characteristics, therapeutic efficacy and biochemical indicators were analyzed between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 12-week treatment, both groups exhibited significant improvements in therapeutic efficacy, immune-inflammatory status, coagulation function, and liver-kidney function (p<0.05). Compared with the sitagliptin group, the sitagliptin + metoprolol group showed better therapeutic efficacy, with lower FPG, HbA_1c, SBP, and DBP levels (p<0.05). The combination group also achieved greater improvements in immune-inflammation, coagulation, and liver-kidney function (lower CRP, NLR, Fib, Scr and BUN, as well as higher PT and APTT) (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in incidence of adverse event between the two groups (p>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Short-term observation indicates that sitagliptin combined with metoprolol can improve blood glucose, blood pressure, inflammation, coagulation, and liver-kidney function in elderly patients with T2DM and hypertension, without a significant increase in the risk of adverse reactions during short-term follow-up. However, as a single-center, small-sample retrospective study, the present findings should be interpreted as preliminary clinical evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261538"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13633647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple indicator cluster survey (MICS) related to early childhood health: an ecological intercontinental analysis.","authors":"Evilly Santos Andrade, Nuno Damácio de Carvalho Félix, Martha Peixoto da Silva, Felipe de Alcântara Moreira, Maria Carolina Ortiz Whitaker, Simão Pedro Pereira Vilaça, Alan Lins Fernandes, Amâncio António de Sousa Carvalho, Climene Laura de Camargo, Josielson Costa da Silva","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1495","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Child health is a fundamental measure of a population's social and sanitary conditions and enables the identification of priority challenges to promote well-being in early childhood. This study aimed to conduct a joint and comparative assessment of reported child health indicators in developing countries participating in the sixth round of the Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys (MICS6).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This ecological cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2024, using UNICEF data from developing countries that implemented MICS6 and reported country-level continuous quantitative indicators, such as under-five mortality, complete vaccination coverage, adequate skilled childbirth care, prevalence of low birth weight, and access to safe drinking water services. The Human Development Index (HDI) was included as an additional indicator. Statistical analyses comprised multiple linear regression and Pearson's correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 72 countries and territories initially considered, 58 were included in the inferential and descriptive analyses, and 39 had complete data and were included in the visual mapping, representing the following regions: Africa (n=17), Asia (n=13), Oceania (n=5), Central America (n=2), South America (n=1) and Europe (n=1). Access to safe drinking water (<i>β</i> = -0.63; 95 % CI: -1.11 to -0.14; p=0.013) and HDI (<i>β</i> = -101.18; 95 % CI: -175.03 to -27.32; p=0.008) were significantly and inversely associated with under-five mortality risk, as were the strong inverse correlations between mortality and both HDI (r = -0.793) and access to safe drinking water (r = -0.782). All correlations among variables were statistically significant (p<0.001). Africa exhibited the poorest performance across multiple child health indicators, while Asia reported the highest prevalence of low birth weight. Serbia, the sole European country analyzed, demonstrated the most favorable outcomes overall.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore substantial inequalities in child health, particularly in Africa, and highlight the imperative for targeted global health policies to address these disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261495"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2026 10^th International Conference on Medical and Health Informatics (ICMHI 2026)Japan, : 15 - 17^TH May 2026.","authors":"","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1526","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive performance of blood urea nitrogen, cystatin C, and their ratio for in-hospital mortality in sepsis: a Chinese two-center analysis.","authors":"Zhitao Zhong, Zhihua Xie, Shihao Liu, Lukai Lv, Minyan Fan, Kefeng Li, Chao Chen, Guan Wang, Li Ye, Ping Xu","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1522","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Early identification of septic patients at high risk of mortality is crucial for improving outcomes. Renal function indicators such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and cystatin C (Cys C) have been individually associated with sepsis outcomes. However, the comparative prognostic value of these indicators and their ratio remained unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study in two hospitals in China. Associations between renal indicators and mortality were examined using multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline modelling, and threshold analysis. Discrimination was assessed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), evaluated both individually and in combination with the SOFA score. Clinical applicability was examined with calibration and decision curve analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1,039 patients were included in this study. After adjustment for covariates, multivariable logistic regression identified both BCR (OR 1.247, 95 % CI 1.165-1.335, p<0.001) and BUN (OR 1.047, 95 % CI 1.029-1.065, p<0.001) as independent predictors of in-hospital mortality among patients with sepsis, and these findings were replicated in the independent external cohort. In the exploration cohort, both BCR and BUN exhibited nonlinear associations with mortality risk. Incorporating BCR into the SOFA score resulted in the highest overall predictive performance (AUC 0.717) and the greatest net clinical benefit (0.106). Reclassification analyses further demonstrated that BCR achieved higher NRI and IDI values than BUN or Cys C, and that adding BCR to the SOFA score improved both NRI and IDI compared with SOFA alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BCR and BUN were independently associated with in-hospital mortality in patients with sepsis. BCR showed modestly better prognostic performance than BUN or Cys C alone, and its integration with SOFA may provide supplementary risk-stratification information. However, BCR should not be considered a replacement for established severity scores, and further prospective validation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261522"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13629720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunohistochemical and bioinformatic analysis of pannexin-1 expression in cutaneous basal and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas.","authors":"Fikri Erdemci, Ömer Acer, Özden Yülek, Fırat Aşır, Hayat Ayaz, Inga Adanır, Fatih Taş, Ebru Çelik","doi":"10.1515/med-2026-1530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/med-2026-1530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In this two-center study, we aimed to evaluate PANX1 expression in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and cutaneous basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and to investigate molecular pathways and biological differences associated with PANX1 expression in these tumor types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, the biopsy samples obtained for pathological examination from patients diagnosed with SCC and BCC were analyzed. The histochemical and immunohistochemical characteristics of the samples were evaluated. Bioinformatics and molecular docking studies were conducted for further analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Digital image analysis using immunohistochemical staining and H-score evaluation on paraffin-embedded tissues revealed that PANX1 expression was significantly higher in SCC cases compared to BCC (p<0.001). In SCC, prominent cytoplasmic and membranous staining was observed in invasive tumor foci, while weak and homogeneous staining was detected in BCC samples. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that PANX1 interacts with proteins such as CASP1, CASP3, and P2RX7. However, Venn diagram analysis showed that CASP3 is the only common gene interacting with PANX1 and associated with SCC. No overlap was detected with BCC. Furthermore, molecular docking analyses revealed that ATP binds to PANX1 with high affinity and that caspase-3 establishes a stable interaction near the DVVD cleavage site of PANX1.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our two-center study demonstrated that PANX1 expression is higher in SCC compared to BCC and may play a role in the invasive phenotype. Bioinformatic analyses support the idea that PANX1's interaction with CASP3 through inflammatory and apoptotic pathways may contribute to the progression of SCC. However, more comprehensive studies are needed to determine the diagnostic and prognostic value of PANX1.</p>","PeriodicalId":19715,"journal":{"name":"Open Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":"20261530"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13625721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149113059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}