Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia最新文献

{"title":"Asia-Pacific consensus statement on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with osteoporosis","authors":"Akira Taguchi ,&nbsp;Daisuke Inoue ,&nbsp;Jin-Woo Kim ,&nbsp;Keskanya Subbalekha ,&nbsp;Wai Sin Chan ,&nbsp;Hee Dong Chae ,&nbsp;Chung-Hwan Chen ,&nbsp;Ching-Lung Cheung ,&nbsp;Eddie Siu Lun Chow ,&nbsp;Yoon-Sok Chung ,&nbsp;Linsey Gani ,&nbsp;Muhammad Kamil bin Hassan ,&nbsp;Unnop Jaisamrarn ,&nbsp;Chakorn Vorakulpipat ,&nbsp;Nutchada Sriyaranya ,&nbsp;Aasis Unnanuntana ,&nbsp;Tanawat Amphansap ,&nbsp;Seng Bin Ang ,&nbsp;Fen Lee Hew ,&nbsp;Julie Li-Yu ,&nbsp;Natthinee Charatcharoenwitthaya","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A unified consensus statement on medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) has not yet been established among the Asian member countries or regions of the Asian Federation of Osteoporosis Societies (AFOS). This study aimed to develop a consensus on MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis across these countries and regions. In this study, the term “Asia-Pacific” refers specifically to the Asian member countries and regions of AFOS. A structured survey consisting of nine MRONJ-related questions was distributed across 10 countries and regions to assess the level of agreement and summarize regional perspectives. In addition, a manual literature review and voting were conducted to evaluate the current evidence on MRONJ. The key aspects of MRONJ, including definition, staging, diagnosis, pathogenesis, risk factors, management, and prevention, were generally consistent among the AFOS countries and regions. The annual incidence and incidence rate of MRONJ associated with low-dose antiresorptive therapy in patients with osteoporosis ranged from 0.025% to 0.136% and 21 to 283 cases per 100,000 person-years, respectively. However, evidence regarding the benefits of drug discontinuation before dental surgery, such as tooth extraction, remains insufficient. Large-scale, multinational studies across AFOS countries and regions are warranted to determine the incidence of MRONJ better and evaluate the impact of antiresorptive drug discontinuation before dental procedures. These findings may contribute to the development of effective evidence-based strategies for preventing MRONJ in patients with osteoporosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of genetic polymorphisms of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 on the efficacy of intermittent parathyroid hormone treatment and bone mineral density: A retrospective multicenter study","authors":"Hinako Obara ,&nbsp;Takafumi Tajima ,&nbsp;Manabu Tsukamoto ,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Yamanaka ,&nbsp;Hitoshi Suzuki ,&nbsp;Masato Nagashima ,&nbsp;Satoshi Nishida ,&nbsp;Satoshi Ikeda ,&nbsp;Kazumichi Maekawa ,&nbsp;Akinori Sakai","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2026.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2026.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In a mouse model, aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) knockout resulted in lower bone mineral density; however, higher parathyroid hormone receptor expression than wild-type mice. This study aimed to investigate whether ALDH2 polymorphisms influence efficacy of intermittent parathyroid hormone therapy and bone mineral density changes in humans.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighty-two patients with primary osteoporosis treated with parathyroid hormone for &gt; 1 year were divided into wild-type ALDH2 (ALDH2∗1) and variant (ALDH2∗2) groups. Bone mineral densities were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Changes in bone mineral density, treatment response, bone turnover markers, and new fracture incidence were evaluated. Furthermore, bone mineral density was analyzed using a mixed-effects model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Femoral neck bone mineral density increased by 1.0 ± 7.4% in the ALDH2∗1 group and 4.3 ± 8.1% in the ALDH2∗2 group (P &lt; 0.05), whereas lumbar spine bone mineral density increased by 5.7 ± 8.2% and 9.4 ± 9.1% without significance. Treatment success rates were higher in ALDH2∗2 group (femoral neck 38.7%, lumbar spine 68.8%) compared with ALDH2∗1 (16.3%, 51.0%). Statistical significance was observed only at the femoral neck. Bone turnover markers and fracture incidence were comparable between groups. Mixed-effects analysis adjusting for confounders showed a significant ALDH2 genotype × duration interaction for femoral neck, indicating genotype-related differences in the rate of bone mineral density increase over time. For lumbar spine, the genotype main effect was significant, whereas the interaction was not.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that ALDH2 polymorphisms may influence the therapeutic response to PTH treatment and highlight the need for larger future studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 26-33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative data and standardized scores for sarcopenia indicators in middle-aged and older adults: a large screening-based cohort study","authors":"Hsiu-Wen Kuo,&nbsp;Chih-Dao Chen,&nbsp;Ariel Chang-Yu Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Sarcopenia, an age-related skeletal muscle disorder, is assessed by handgrip strength, gait speed, and muscle mass, yet population-specific reference data and standardized scores for Asian adults remain limited. We aimed to establish sex- and age-specific normative reference distributions, smoothed centile curves, and model-based standardized T scores for these indicators in Asian adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed adults aged ≥ 40 years attending a tertiary-center Adult Preventive Health Program in 2023–2024. To assess construct validity, we compared sarcopenia indicators across age groups using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Sex- and age-specific reference distributions were estimated using Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS), from which smooth model-based age-specific centiles (5th–95th) were derived. Individual values were standardized to model-based Z scores and transformed to T scores on an approximate 100-point scale. Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) cut-offs were used in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses to determine corresponding T-score thresholds.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 8095 participants, model-based mean handgrip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass were 20.03±5 kg, 1.12±0.37 m/s, and 6.93±1.43 kg/m² in women and 30.69±7.46 kg, 1.12±0.37 m/s, and 8.79±1.95 kg/m² in men. GAMLSS-derived centile curves demonstrated age-related declines in strength and gait speed and milder changes in muscle mass. AWGS cut-offs corresponded to T scores in the mid-40s for strength and gait and around 40–41 for muscle mass.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We established sex- and age-specific normative values and GAMLSS-based reference distributions, and derived model-based Z and T scores that provide standardized sarcopenia metrics in Asian adults, align with AWGS thresholds, and support detection of muscle decline and risk stratification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenic obesity and sarcopenia in relation to frailty, independent of locomotive syndrome: the DETECt-L cross-sectional study","authors":"Naoki Deguchi ,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Akita ,&nbsp;Yasushi Uchiyama ,&nbsp;Ryo Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Frailty among community-dwelling older adults increases the risk of adverse health outcomes. Sarcopenic obesity (SO), characterized by low muscle mass combined with excess adiposity, may worsen frailty. Locomotive syndrome (LS) shares features with frailty and sarcopenia. This study examined whether LS modifies the association between body composition and frailty.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed cross-sectional data of 481 adults aged ≥ 40 years from the DETECt-L cohort in Japan. Frailty was defined according to the Japanese Cardiovascular Health Study criteria. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance, based on skeletal muscle mass and body fat, to categorize participants into normal, sarcopenia, obesity, or SO phenotypes. Logistic regression-estimated odds ratios for comparing prefrailty/frailty with robustness were calculated. Model 1 was unadjusted; Model 2 (fully adjusted) adjusted for age, sex, pain, fall history, and Timed Up-and-Go and single-leg standing tests; and Model 3 additionally included body mass index (BMI) (sensitivity).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 41.6% of participants were classified as prefrail or frail. The distribution of body composition phenotypes was as follows: normal (42.8%), sarcopenic (31.2%), obese (15.8%), and SO (10.2%). In Model 2, both sarcopenia (odds ratio [OR], 2.24; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.38–3.63) and SO (OR, 2.51; 95% CI, 1.21–5.24) were associated with increased odds of prefrailty/frailty. These associations remained robust after adjusting for BMI. However, LS did not significantly affect these associations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Sarcopenia and SO were independently associated with prefrailty/frailty regardless of LS status. Integrating muscle function and adiposity metrics may support early risk detection in community settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 44-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-assisted screening reveals high prevalence of osteoporosis in Vietnamese adults using pelvic and hip radiographs","authors":"Dat Minh Nguyen ,&nbsp;Chih-Hsing Wu ,&nbsp;Tuan Van Nguyen ,&nbsp;Lan T. Ho-Pham ,&nbsp;Kim Thi Hoang Dang ,&nbsp;Hy Van Nguyen ,&nbsp;Sung-Yen Lin ,&nbsp;Chung-Hwan Chen ,&nbsp;Ta-Wei Tai","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Osteoporosis is a silent disease with low screening rates in many developing countries. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using an artificial intelligence (AI)-based system to screen osteoporosis from pelvic and hip radiographs in Vietnam.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a cross-sectional study at a tertiary medical center in Central Vietnam in 2023. A total of 2000 consecutive pelvic and hip radiographs from patients aged ≥ 40 years were collected. After excluding poor-quality images, 1987 radiographs were analyzed using an AI-based software designed to estimate bone mineral density (BMD) from plain radiographs and derive T-scores. Osteoporosis was defined as a T-score ≤ −2.5. Patient characteristics, radiographic findings, and risk factors for osteoporosis were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 1987 patients (mean age 66.4 ± 15.1 years; 41.3% men), osteoporosis was identified in 872 patients (43.9%). The prevalence increased with age and was higher in women than in men (58.7% vs 22.8%, P &lt; 0.001). Osteoporosis was associated with femoral neck (OR = 3.8, 95% CI: 2.7–5.2) and intertrochanteric fractures (OR = 7.0, 95% CI: 4.5–11.0). Patients with lower T-scores had a higher risk of hip fractures, especially those with T-scores ≤ −3.0 (OR = 11.5, 95% CI: 5.5–24.5).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>AI-based analysis of pelvic and hip radiographs is a feasible and effective tool for osteoporosis screening in Vietnam. The prevalence of osteoporosis in this hospital-based setting was high, particularly among elderly women. AI-assisted screening may offer an accessible strategy for early detection of osteoporosis in resource-limited settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"12 1","pages":"Pages 18-25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147584478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effectiveness of opportunistic osteoporosis screening using artificial-intelligence assisted chest radiographs in Japan","authors":"Jean-Yves Reginster ,&nbsp;Takahiko Hamasaki ,&nbsp;Saeko Fujiwara ,&nbsp;Majed Alokail ,&nbsp;Mickael Hiligsmann","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Osteoporosis is often undiagnosed due to the shortcomings of conventional screening, resulting in missed chances for early treatment. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly deep learning applied to chest X-rays, offer a new opportunity for opportunistic screening. This study assesses the cost-effectiveness of this approach in Japanese women aged ≥ 50 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An economic model estimated the cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained (in 2024 Japanese Yen, ¥) for a strategy involving AI-assisted chest X-ray screening followed by treatment, compared to no screening. Patient trajectories were modeled using the AI system's diagnostic performance and aligned with the Japanese osteoporosis guidelines. Analyses were conducted for Japan overall, in Kure City (a high-fracture-incidence area), and in a lower-incidence scenario. Real-world medication persistence, the probabilities of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry examination after screening detection, and treatment initiation rates were incorporated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nationwide in Japan, the cost per QALY gained from opportunistic osteoporosis screening was estimated at ¥189,713 for women aged ≥ 50, substantially lower than the accepted cost-effectiveness threshold of ¥5 million. In Kure City, opportunistic screening was dominant (lower total costs for more QALYs). In the lower-incidence scenario, 25% below the national average, the cost per QALY was ¥1,055,095, remaining below the threshold. Results were robust across all age-specific populations and in sensitivity analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Leveraging AI-assisted chest X-rays for incidental osteoporosis detection demonstrates strong economic viability for older Japanese women. This approach also proves to be a dominant strategy in areas with elevated fracture rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 127-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Asian Federation of Osteoporosis Societies 2025 consensus on atypical femoral fractures in patients with osteoporosis","authors":"Thanut Valleenukul ,&nbsp;Thawee Songpatanasilp ,&nbsp;Unnop Jaisamrarn ,&nbsp;Surapong Anuraklekha ,&nbsp;Varalak Srinonprasert ,&nbsp;Sumapa Chaiamnuay ,&nbsp;Aasis Unnanuntana ,&nbsp;Lalita Wattanachanya ,&nbsp;Hataikarn Nimitphong ,&nbsp;Noratep Kulachote ,&nbsp;Ong-art Phruetthiphat ,&nbsp;Rahat Jarayabhand ,&nbsp;Tanawat Amphansap ,&nbsp;Ekasame Vanitcharoenkul ,&nbsp;Pojchong Chotiyarnwong ,&nbsp;Satoshi Mori ,&nbsp;Kwang-kyoun Kim ,&nbsp;Swan Sim Yeap ,&nbsp;Sharmila Sunita Paramasivam ,&nbsp;Linsey Gani ,&nbsp;Natthinee Charatcharoenwitthaya","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) are a rare but serious complication of prolonged anti-resorptive therapy for osteoporosis. This study aimed to develop consensus-based recommendations for the clinical management of AFFs across the Asian Federation of Osteoporosis Societies (AFOS), for harmonizing practice and improving patient outcomes.</div><div>A structured questionnaire covering ten key domains related to AFFs was distributed to expert representatives from the 10 AFOS member countries or regions. Responses were analyzed to identify areas of consensus and variation in regional practice. A concurrent narrative review of the literature was conducted to inform evidence-based recommendations.</div><div>Survey responses were obtained from 8 of 10 participating AFOS member nations or regions. Among these, Thailand, Malaysia, South Korea, and Hong Kong reported established national guidelines or position statements on AFFs. Contributing risk factors include extended anti-resorptive therapy, femoral geometry, comorbidities, and specific pharmacologic exposures. Diagnosis depends on clinical suspicion and multimodal imaging, with high concordance in diagnostic criteria across regions. Screening emphasizes full-length femoral imaging in high-risk individuals. Incomplete AFFs are managed conservatively or with prophylactic fixation, while complete AFFs typically require intramedullary nailing, tailored to anatomic variations such as femoral bowing. Post-fracture care involves discontinuation of anti-resorptives, assessment for secondary osteoporosis, and potential initiation of anabolic therapy, including teriparatide, abaloparatide, and romosozumab.</div><div>This AFOS-led initiative highlights the importance for early detection, individualized management, and region-specific strategies. A multidisciplinary, patient-centered approach—encompassing risk assessment, imaging surveillance, surgical intervention, and tailored pharmacologic treatment—is crucial to reduce AFFs impact and improve skeletal health outcomes across Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 111-120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in rheumatoid arthritis patients: prevalence and their relationship with joint damage and functional impairment","authors":"Iris Paola Guzmán-Guzmán ,&nbsp;José Rafael Villafan-Bernal ,&nbsp;Ilse Adriana Gutiérrez-Pérez ,&nbsp;Ramcés Falfán-Valencia ,&nbsp;Héctor Ugo Rojas-Delgado ,&nbsp;Antonio Alarcón-Paredes ,&nbsp;Andrés Felipe Villaquiran-Hurtado ,&nbsp;Gustavo Adolfo Alonso-Silverio ,&nbsp;Oscar Zaragoza-García","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity are associated with a depletion of muscle mass, strength, and performance in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity, as well as the clinical factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was carried out with 262 patients suffering from RA (230 women and 32 men). Demographic data, anthropometric measurements, clinical features, and previous medication were recorded. Sarcopenia was defined based on the 2019 consensus of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. The combination of sarcopenia and an excess of body fat mass was classified as sarcopenic obesity. Multivariable-adjusted regression analysis was used to explore potential factors associated with sarcopenia phenotypes in RA patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the study participants, 49.6% had sarcopenia; of those, 66.9% had sarcopenic obesity. Subjects with sarcopenia were significantly older, had a longer duration of illness, more morning stiffness, higher radiological grade, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate levels. Additionally, female sex and the use of combinations of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were significantly more common in the sarcopenia group compared to patients without sarcopenia (all P &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity is high among Mexican patients with RA, and the current study shows that sarcopenia phenotypes are linked to worse functional impairment and significantly higher joint damage score. Early detection, nutritional intervention, and treatment of muscle dysfunction could enhance the quality of life and outcomes for RA patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 145-151"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and tolerability of electrical muscle stimulation during rehabilitation in older adults with osteoporotic vertebral fractures","authors":"Yuko Fujiwara ,&nbsp;Toshifumi Fujiwara ,&nbsp;Seiichi Kamo","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>In the context of Japan's rapidly aging population, osteoporotic vertebral fractures are becoming increasingly prevalent, creating greater demands for rehabilitation amid healthcare labor shortages. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and potential efficacy of abdominal electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) as an adjunct to rehabilitation in older adults with osteoporotic vertebral fractures, focusing on muscle thickness and bowel function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-four elderly patients (mean age: 85 years) hospitalized for osteoporotic vertebral fractures underwent conventional physical and occupational therapy combined with abdominal EMS four times per week. Rectus abdominis muscle thickness was assessed by ultrasound, and bowel function was evaluated using bowel movement frequency and laxative usage. Interrater reliability for ultrasound measurement was high (ICC = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.90–0.99).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Rectus abdominis muscle thickness increased significantly by 0.5 mm (P = 0.001). A non-significant trend toward increased spontaneous bowel movements was observed (5–6 times/week; P = 0.058), and laxative use decreased significantly (P = 0.0172). No EMS-related adverse events were reported, and all participants completed the intervention as scheduled.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Abdominal EMS is a feasible, safe, and potentially effective adjunct to conventional rehabilitation for older adults with osteoporotic vertebral fractures, even during periods of bed rest. It may contribute to muscle maintenance and support bowel function. These findings support further investigation in larger prospective studies to confirm efficacy and explore long-term outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 152-158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary analysis of combined romosozumab and denosumab versus teriparatide and denosumab on bone mineral density","authors":"Ming-Hung Chiang ,&nbsp;Tian-Sin Fan ,&nbsp;Chia-Che Lee ,&nbsp;Tzu-Hao Tseng ,&nbsp;Hung-Kuan Yen ,&nbsp;Chih-Chien Hung ,&nbsp;Yi-Chien Lu ,&nbsp;Ning-Huei Sie ,&nbsp;Chen-Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Shau-Huai Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.afos.2025.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The effectiveness of combining romosozumab (ROMO) with denosumab (Dmab) remains uncertain. We compare the six-month effects of Dmab plus monthly ROMO versus Dmab plus daily teriparatide (TPTD) on bone mineral density (BMD) in treatment-naïve postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study analyzed 26 treatment-naïve postmenopausal women with primary osteoporosis. Participants received either a monthly regimen of ROMO and Dmab (N = 14) or a daily regimen of TPTD plus Dmab (N = 12). BMD at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck was measured at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum levels of C-terminal telopeptide (CTX) and procollagen type I N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) were assessed at the same intervals.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both regimens significantly improved lumbar spine BMD at 6 months (ROMO + Dmab: +9.75%; TPTD + Dmab: +7.42%). Improvements in total hip and femoral neck BMD were modest and similar between groups (∼2%). Serum CTX and P1NP were significantly suppressed in both groups at 3 months, but P1NP suppression waned in the TPTD + Dmab group by 6 months. No statistically significant differences in BMD or marker changes were detected between the two regimens.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both combination therapies effectively improve lumbar spine BMD over 6 months. The ROMO + Dmab regimen yielded numerically greater increases with fewer injections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19701,"journal":{"name":"Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia","volume":"11 4","pages":"Pages 137-144"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145760592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}