Oral health & preventive dentistry最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Oral Cavity Cancer and Lymphoma: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Analysis.","authors":"Yayan Deng, Min Kang","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2780","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2780","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Emerging evidence suggests a potential association between oral cavity cancer (OCC) and lymphoma. This study aimed to investigate whether this association reflects a causal relationship.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was utilized to screen genetic instrumental variables (IVs) obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of OCC and lymphoma, applied various MR methods (inverse variance weighted [IVW] as the main method) to assess the causal relationship between the two malignancies, and performed sensitivity, heterogeneity, and pleiotropic tests to evaluate reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No bidirectional causal association between OCC and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) or overall non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) was found. Subgroup analysis also showed that no noteworthy bidirectional causal relationship between OCC and NHL subtypes. However, we identified a statistically significant inverse correlation between mature T/NK-cell lymphoma and OCC (IVW: odds ratio [OR] 0.985, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.820-0.978, p=0.013). Patients initially diagnosed with mature T/NK-cell lymphoma would have a decreased risk of OCC.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This MR study ruled out the causal relationship between OCC and lymphoma. Future multiethnic studies with substantial sample sizes are need to replicate our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"649-657"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520831/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental Investigation of the Effects of 'Nigella sativa' and 'Vitis vinifera' on Intraoral Wound Healing.","authors":"İsmail Tekbaş, Metin Çalişir, Ebru Annaç, İbrahim Bozgeyik, Ziynet Çinar","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2793","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to experimentally investigate the effects of Nigella sativa and Vitis vinifera oils on intraoral wound healing in rats through biochemical, histopathological, and histomorphometric evaluations.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Sixty male Wistar albino rats (4-6 months old) were divided into four groups: Control (C, n = 6), Saline (S, n = 18), Nigella sativa (Ns, n = 18), and Vitis vinifera (Vv, n = 18). A full-thickness circular wound of 3.5 mm was created in the palate. Treatments were administered daily via oral gavage until the day of sacrifice. Serum IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were measured from collected blood samples using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Full-thickness tissue samples (1 × 1 cm, including healthy tissue) underwent routine histological processing. The resulting intraoral photographs were used for digital wound area measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the experimental groups, cytokine levels in blood samples collected during the first week differed significantly compared with the control group. Significant differences in IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were observed among the subgroups on days 7, 14, and 21 (p 0.05). Histological evaluation showed a significant reduction in intraepithelial ulceration in the Ns and Vv groups (p 0.05), along with increased re-epithelialisation. Wound area measurements revealed significant differences between the Ns and Vv groups and the S group (p 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Nigella sativa and Vitis vinifera support intraoral wound healing through modulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the first experimental comparison of these two phytochemicals in an intraoral wound healing model.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"695-702"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13509135/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Factors Associated with Tongue Lesions Among Children Attending a University Dental Hospital in the Western Mediterranean Region of Türkiye.","authors":"Derya Ceyhan, Gökçe Özcan Altınsoy","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2775","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2775","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Tongue lesions in children are often overlooked during routine dental examinations despite their clinical relevance. This study evaluated the prevalence of tongue lesions among children attending a university dental hospital from the Western Mediterranean Region of Türkiye and explored their associations with demographic variables, systemic conditions, and oral hygiene-related factors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional, clinic-based study, a total of 1097 children aged 2-13 years attending a pediatric dental clinic were included. Participants were categorized into two age groups (2-5 and 6-13 years). Tongue lesions were assessed through standardized oral examinations, and data on demographic characteristics, medical conditions, and oral hygiene practices were collected using a structured questionnaire. Associations between tongue lesions and these variables were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tongue lesions were detected in 6.2% of participants, with geographic tongue representing the most common lesion. Fissured tongue was more frequent in males overall (p=0.019) and in older children, while geographic tongue predominated in younger children. No statistically significant differences in tongue lesions were observed according to age groups or sex within age groups (p>0.05). Fissured tongue was associated with allergies in older children (p=0.039), whereas tongue lesions were more common in younger children with asthma (p=0.034). A positive family history of tongue lesions was statistically significantly more common among older and younger children with fissured tongue (p=0.001 and p=0.003, respectively), as well as among those with geographic tongue in both age groups (p=0.001 for both groups). Although tongue brushing was more common among older children (p=0.016), moderate and severe levels of tongue plaque were also higher in this group (p=0.040 and p=0.002, respectively). Tongue lesions (older children: DMFS, p=0.004 and DMFT, p=0.009; younger children: dfs, p=0.044 and dft, p=0.012), and higher plaque levels (older children: DMFS, p=0.020 and DMFT, p=0.022) were associated with increased caries indices, whereas mouthwash use was associated with lower caries indices (older children: DMFS, p=0.009 and DMFT, p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tongue lesions may provide clinically relevant information regarding oral hygiene, caries experience, and systemic conditions, highlighting the importance of routine tongue examination in pediatric dental assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"727-735"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520198/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148819136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum 25(OH)D Levels and Dental Caries Experience in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Çiğdem Güler, Emine Yurdakul Ertürk, Didem Odabaşı, Emre Serhan Alper","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2779","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and dental caries in children remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between current serum 25(OH)D levels and dental caries experience in children.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included children aged 3 to 15 years without systemic disease who presented to the Department of Pediatrics, Ordu University Training and Research Hospital, Ordu, Turkey, between November and December 2023. Serum 25(OH)D levels obtained from routine blood tests and intraoral examinations performed on the same day were evaluated retrospectively. Dental caries experience was assessed using dmft and DMFT indices according to World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and caries experience.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 326 children were included (172 girls, 52.8%; 154 boys, 47.2%). The mean serum 25(OH)D level was 50.08 ± 16.68 nmol/l, and the mean combined caries index (decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth [dmft] and decayed, missing, and filled permanent teeth [DMFT]) was 3.66 ± 3.44. No statistically significant relationship was observed between serum 25(OH)D levels and caries experience (P > 0.05). Girls had statistically significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels than boys (46.03 ± 15.21 nmol/l vs. 54.63 ± 17.10 nmol/l, P 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Within the limitations of this cross-sectional study, no statistically significantly relationship was found between current serum 25(OH)D levels and dental caries experience in children. Further longitudinal studies with comprehensive assessment of potential confounding factors are needed to better clarify this relationship.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"643-648"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13478706/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148727224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Cardiologists' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices on Calcium Channel Blocker-Induced Gingival Overgrowth.","authors":"Zeynep Akgül, Ahmet Çınar","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2777","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2777","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are widely used in cardiovascular disease management; however, calcium channel blocker-induced gingival overgrowth remains an underrecognized adverse effect that may impair oral hygiene, exacerbate periodontal inflammation, cause functional and esthetic problems, and potentially affect adherence to cardiovascular therapy. This study aimed to evaluate cardiologists' knowledge, awareness, and clinical practices regarding DIGO and to explore factors influencing preventive behaviors.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional, survey-based study included 139 cardiologists in Türkiye. A structured 25-item questionnaire assessed demographics, oral health awareness, prescribing habits, and clinical practices. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of preventive counseling and oral-focused history taking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 139 cardiologists participated in the study. Of these, 74.8% were male, and the most common age group was 40-49 years (37.4%). Within the past year, 66.9% had undergone a dental examination, and 47.5% reported a history of periodontal treatment. Knowledge of DIGO pathogenesis was reported by 41.3% of participants, whereas 31.2% stated they had no knowledge. Only 22.3% of cardiologists reported providing preventive oral health advice, while 61.2% referred patients after complications developed. Multivariable analysis revealed that knowledge of DIGO mechanisms was inversely associated with preventive counseling (OR = 0.44, p = 0.004), whereas prior oral health training showed a non-significant but clinically relevant positive trend (OR = 2.24, p = 0.061). Similarly, knowledge-related variables were not positively associated with oral-focused anamnesis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiologists' awareness of DIGO remains limited, and their preventive practices are inadequate. The findings reveal a critical knowledge-behavior gap, indicating that increased awareness does not necessarily translate into preventive clinical practice. Interventions targeting behavioral change and structured interdisciplinary collaboration are essential to improve early recognition and management of DIGO.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"631-641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13473818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148725847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in the Association Between Body Composition, Sarcopenic Obesity, and Periodontitis: Mediating Role of Oxidative Stress Markers.","authors":"Yike Yao, Jiahui Sun, Yanting Zou, Yuan Zhang, Yuanyuan Jiang, Jun Ji","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2770","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2770","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to examine, in a sex-stratified manner, the associations of fat mass index (FMI), muscle mass index (MMI), and the muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR) with oral health as represented by periodontitis (PD), and to quantify the mediating role of systemic inflammatory and oxidative stress (OS) markers in these associations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This research drew on cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 2011-2014; n=3,553). Confounder-adjusted weighted logistic regression models determined sex-stratified associations. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression evaluated non-linear MFR-PD relationships. Mediation analysis quantified the contribution of OS markers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among women, lower MFR was associated with a statistically significantly increased PD risk (OR=0.49, 95% CI:0.34-0.72, p=0.001). Higher FMI (OR=1.59, 95% CI:1.15-2.19, p=0.008) and MMI (OR=1.86, 95% CI:1.13-3.07, p=0.018) also conferred increased risk. No statistically significant associations were observed in men. Serum albumin mediated 15.1% (p= 0.040) of the association between MFR and PD, 27.9% (p= 0.040) of the association between MMI and PD, and 23.4% (p0.001) of the association between FMI and PD. Subgroup analyses revealed no statistically significant interaction effects (all p> 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In women, a lower MFR is independently associated with higher PD prevalence, while higher FMI and MMI are also associated with elevated PD prevalence. Serum albumin partly explains these associations, suggesting that oxidative stress may be one of the pathways linking body composition imbalance to compromised oral health. No comparable associations were observed in men. For clinicians, MFR together with serum albumin may serve as accessible and low-cost markers for identifying women, particularly those in the peri-menopausal period, who could benefit from early periodontal screening and targeted nutritional or lifestyle interventions. Prospective cohort studies and interventional trials are warranted to confirm causality and to evaluate whether improving body composition translates into measurable benefits for oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"599-612"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Analysis of the Oral Microbiome and Oral/Oropharyngeal/Tongue Cancers.","authors":"Leng Han, Xinxuan Wu, Beini Gong, Xun Li, Xiao Li, Zhifa Wang","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2778","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the potential causal relationships of the oral microbiome with the risks of oral cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, and tongue cancer using two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis, while distinguishing these from reverse causal effects of the cancers on microbial abundance.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Using single-nucleotide polymorphisms as instrumental variables, we applied the MR inverse-variance-weighted approach to evaluate the effects of the dorsal-tongue and salivary microbiomes on oral, oropharyngeal, and tongue cancers. Analyses were conducted with the R package TwoSampleMR, leveraging genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from CNGBdb, the FinnGen consortium, and other sources. Sensitivity, heterogeneity, and pleiotropy assessments were performed. Additionally, reverse MR sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the possible causal influence of cancers on the oral microbiota.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) significance threshold of p 5 × 10-6, our large-scale MR study revealed genetically supported causal relationships between microbial taxa derived from saliva and the tongue and the risk of oral, oropharyngeal, and tongue cancers. Integrating these results, we found that both 's Veillonella_rogosae_mgs_2008' and 's unclassified_mgs_1048' conferred a reduced risk of oropharyngeal and tongue cancers. Sensitivity analyses based on heterogeneity tests and pleiotropy evaluations further corroborated the robustness of our findings, lending additional credibility to the conclusions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study leveraged large-scale publicly available genetic data and identified significant causal relationships between the oral microbiota and cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and tongue. Reverse MR analyses indicated that oral and tongue cancers may in turn alter the abundance of specific oral microbes, suggesting a potential bidirectional causal loop. Future work should integrate metagenomic data to further validate these microbiota-cancer associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"613-621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13469316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Enamel Matrix Derivative As Adjuncts to Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy: A Split-Mouth Randomised Clinical Trial.","authors":"Nathan E Estrin, Paras Ahmad, Savannah Laurey, Nima Farshidfar, Richard J Miron","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2750","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2750","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory condition resulting in the gradual breakdown of periodontal supporting structures. Although non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) is the gold standard first therapeutic option, its effectiveness can be limited in moderate-to-severe cases, hence necessitating the application of adjunctive therapies. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and enamel matrix derivative (EMD) are among the most extensively utilised regenerative biomaterials; nevertheless, direct comparative evidence related to their adjunctive advantage in NSPT is scarce.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This split-mouth randomised clinical trial compared the clinical effectiveness of EMD versus PRF as adjunct biological modalities to scaling and root planing (SRP) in the non-surgical management of Stage II/III and Grade A/B periodontitis.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>Fifteen participants meeting the eligibility criteria were included, with thirteen completing the trial. Each patient contributed two interproximal sites randomly allocated to either adjunctive EMD or PRF after full-mouth SRP. Before the placement of biomaterial, EMD sites were treated with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), whereas PRF was prepared utilising the standard horizontal centrifugation approach. Periodontal probing depth (PD), gingival margin (GM) position, clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured at baseline and 6-month follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both biomaterials yielded significant intra-group improvements. Mean PD scores were reduced by 1.1 ± 0.6 mm in the EMD group and 1.2 ± 0.7 mm in the PRF group. CAL gains were 1.1 ± 0.7 mm and 1.1 ± 0.8 mm for EMD and PRF, respectively. GM levels remained stable across groups, and BOP markedly decreased (EMD: 77% to 23%; PRF: 85% to 31%). Intergroup comparisons revealed no statistically significant differences for PD (p > 0.999), GM (P = 0.174), or CAL (P = 0.556). Moreover, frequency distribution analysis showed that 100% of deep sites (≥ 6 mm) in the EMD group and 90% in the PRF group were reduced to 6 mm at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both EMD and PRF showed comparable clinical outcomes as adjunctive regenerative biomaterials in NSPT to manage moderate periodontal pockets. These outcomes support the versatility of clinicians in selecting either biological option based on practitioner and patient preference, availability, and cost, while opening avenues for future studies investigating their application in more complex periodontal cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"623-629"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13463701/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypomineralised Second Primary Molars in 3-5-Year-Old Children in Aydın, Türkiye.","authors":"Melis Bahar Akyıldız Çelik, Yiğit Karaoğlu, Özgün Öztürk, Ezgi Taşpınar, Işıl Sönmez","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2773","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypomineralisation of second primary molars (HSPM) in children aged between 3 and 5 years, in Aydın.</p><p><strong>Methods and materials: </strong>A total of 1035 children, aged between 3 and 5 years old, participated in the study from 16 randomly selected kindergartens across 5 districts of Aydın. HSPM findings were recorded using the modified EAPD MIH Decision Criteria Index. To determine the associated factors, a questionnaire consisting of questions about prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors was filled out by parents. Descriptive statistics and Pearson chi-square tests were used.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 4.66 ± 0.53 years; the prevalence of HSPM was 4.4% at the patient level and 2.31% at the tooth level. White, cream, yellow or brown demarcated opacities were the most common lesion type (69.79%); the most affected jaw was the mandible (71.87%), and the mean number of affected teeth among the children with HSPM was 2.17 ± 0.99. Considering the associated factors of HSPM, maternal febrile illnesses during pregnancy and children's febrile illnesses during perinatal and postnatal periods, along with nutritional supplement use, preterm birth, or breastfeeding duration, did not show statistical significance in HSPM development (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results of this study showed that the prevalence of HSPM (4.4%) in Aydın was slightly lower than the worldwide prevalence (6.8%). HSPM had many possible causes; to more clearly determine the aetiology of HSPM, more research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"589-598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13449282/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148679417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Effect of Nitrate Levels and Diabetes on the Risk of Severe Periodontitis: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Yu Li, Xiaolong Zhu, Ling Qiu","doi":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2771","DOIUrl":"10.3290/j.ohpd.c_2771","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nitrate levels and diabetes are important factors influencing the risk of periodontitis. This study intended to assess the combined impact of urinary nitrate levels and diabetes on periodontitis risk in the general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study employed the data on individuals aged 30 and above from the 2009-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. The urinary nitrate levels were divided into three groups based on the tertiles (low, median, and high). A multivariate logistic regression model was used to investigate the relationship between urinary nitrate levels and the risk of stage III/IV periodontitis, with stratified analysis conducted according to diabetes. The multiplicative interaction between nitrate levels and diabetes on periodontitis risk was analysed using the likelihood ratio test. A restricted cubic splines curve was utilised to assess the non-linear association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 3,292 included participants, 841 (19.28%) individuals had stage III/IV periodontitis, while 2,451 (80.72%) did not. Compared with median nitrate levels, high nitrate levels (odds ratio [OR] = 1.58, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12 to 2.22]) were associated with higher odds of stage III/IV periodontitis, but no statistically significant association was observed between low nitrate levels and periodontitis risk (P > 0.05). Urinary nitrate levels and diabetes showed a multiplicative interaction on the risk of stage III/IV periodontitis (P = 0.020). Specifically, high urinary nitrate levels (OR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.16 to 2.43) were correlated with a higher risk of periodontitis in non-diabetic individuals, whereas in diabetic individuals, low urinary nitrate levels (OR = 1.66, 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.58) were associated with a higher risk of periodontitis. Moreover, urinary nitrate levels exhibited a statistically significant nonlinear relationship with stage III/IV periodontitis risk in the general population.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>High nitrate levels and diabetes exhibit a multiplicative interaction on periodontitis risk. Clinicians may need to monitor both blood glucose and urinary nitrate levels to screen individuals at high risk of periodontitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":19696,"journal":{"name":"Oral health & preventive dentistry","volume":"24 ","pages":"577-587"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13448956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148679412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}