Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.530009
Xiaowei Lu, Runmin Liu, Mingyu Guo, Defeng Zou, Youjian Song
{"title":"From breather soliton molecules to chaos in a laser cavity: the scenario of intermittent transitions.","authors":"Xiaowei Lu, Runmin Liu, Mingyu Guo, Defeng Zou, Youjian Song","doi":"10.1364/OE.530009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.530009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intermittency is widely observed in various nonlinear dynamical systems as an intriguing transient dynamic far from equilibrium. The internal dynamics formed by a pair of interacting optical solitons are often analogized to typical nonlinear systems. However, whether intermittency exists within the intramolecular motion remains to be investigated. Here, we study the intermittent dynamics of soliton molecules in ultrafast lasers, employing balanced optical cross-correlation techniques with sub-femtosecond temporal resolution. We demonstrate the occurrence of the bursting phase of intense variations of pulse separation within regular breather rhythms. In addition, we discover the intermittent transitions route to chaotic soliton molecules, facilitated by gain control. A series of analysis methods are used to assess the chaotic signals, providing compelling experimental evidence that soliton molecules can be analogized to their matter molecule counterparts. Our experimental findings shed light on the non-equilibrium intramolecular dynamics, providing insight into the transition of the attractors within interacting dissipative solitons in laser and fiber resonators.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"26207-26216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.521697
S Pautrel, F Malabat, L Waquier, M Colombano, M Morassi, A Lemaître, I Favero
{"title":"Efficient and stable coupling to nanophotonic waveguides and resonators in stringent environments.","authors":"S Pautrel, F Malabat, L Waquier, M Colombano, M Morassi, A Lemaître, I Favero","doi":"10.1364/OE.521697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.521697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using conical optical fibers, we explore new methods for coupling light to nanophotonic structures operated in constrained environments. With a single-sided conical fiber taper, we demonstrate efficient coupling to an on-chip nanophotonic bus waveguide immersed in a liquid. In the aim of coupling light into a target whispering gallery disk resonator, we then replace such on-chip nanophotonic bus waveguide with two conical fibers joined face to face. This latter approach leads to highly efficient coupling superior to 90% and is shown to be stable within a vibrating pulse tube cryostat operating at low temperatures. It is demonstrated in the telecom band and in the near infrared close to 900 nm of wavelength. Conical fiber methods hence enable reaching the coupling performances required in quantum optics or sensing experiments, even in stringent environments where signal-to-noise had remained a challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"26954-26963"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Miniaturized spectrometers based on graded photonic crystal films.","authors":"Tao Yang, Mian Aizaz Ahmed, Gongyuan Zhang, Yaqi Shi, Yinpeng Chen, Hao Cui, Yijun Sun, Hui Yu, Yiming Zhang, Zunfu Lv, Bing Hu, Zongyin Yang, Lufeng Che","doi":"10.1364/OE.530843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.530843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Miniaturized spectrometers have become increasingly important in modern analytical and diagnostic applications due to their compact size, portability, and versatility. Despite the surge in innovative designs for miniaturized spectrometers, significant challenges persist, particularly concerning manufacturing cost and efficiency when devices become smaller. Here we introduce an ultracompact spectrometer design that is both cost-effective and highly efficient. The core dispersion element of this new design is a graded photonic crystal film, which is engineered by applying gradient stress during its fabrication. The film shows bandstop transmission spectral profiles, akin to a notch filter, enhancing light throughput compared to conventional narrowband filters. The spectral analysis, with a resolution of 5 nm and operating within the wavelength range of 450-650 nm, is conducted by reconstructing the spectrum from a series of such notch transmission profiles along the graded photonic crystal film, utilizing a sophisticated algorithm. This approach not only reduces manufacturing costs but also significantly improves the sensitivity (with a light throughput efficiency of 71.05%) and overall performance of the limitations of current technology, opening up new avenues for applications in diverse fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"25830-25838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.527489
Hengzhen Cheng, Ting Liang, Wen Li, Weiyi Zhou, Caiyu Feng, Ziyang Wang, Bin Liu, Xinyue Wang, Yanbing Hou, Yan Zhang, Jingling Shen, Bo Zhang
{"title":"Optical terahertz metamaterial switch controlled via high-stability CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> microcrystals.","authors":"Hengzhen Cheng, Ting Liang, Wen Li, Weiyi Zhou, Caiyu Feng, Ziyang Wang, Bin Liu, Xinyue Wang, Yanbing Hou, Yan Zhang, Jingling Shen, Bo Zhang","doi":"10.1364/OE.527489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.527489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dynamic control of terahertz metamaterials using thin organic perovskite active layers has been extensively researched. However, the preparation of organic perovskite devices requires strict environmental conditions, and the devices are prone to hydrolysis in air, which reduces performance. Herein, we report an optical terahertz metamaterial switch controlled via hybridization with high-stability CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> microcrystals prepared through precipitation from a water-dimethylformamide (DMF) mixed-solution. Under light excitation, a modulation factor of 24% was achieved based on the photoelectric and photothermal effects of the CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> microcrystals. After exposure to air for four months, the modulation factor remained essentially unchanged, demonstrating the exceptional stability of the system generated. Following the integration of CsPbBr<sub>3</sub> microcrystals with the metamaterial, a frequency-shift of its dipole resonance and switching of Fano resonance was achieved, providing a novel approach to dynamic control of terahertz waves.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"26094-26106"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.527713
Xinzhou Su, Kaiheng Zou, Huibin Zhou, Hao Song, Yingning Wang, Ruoyu Zeng, Zile Jiang, Yuxiang Duan, Maxim Karpov, Tobias J Kippenberg, Moshe Tur, Demetrios N Christodoulides, Alan E Willner
{"title":"Temporally and longitudinally tailored dynamic space-time wave packets.","authors":"Xinzhou Su, Kaiheng Zou, Huibin Zhou, Hao Song, Yingning Wang, Ruoyu Zeng, Zile Jiang, Yuxiang Duan, Maxim Karpov, Tobias J Kippenberg, Moshe Tur, Demetrios N Christodoulides, Alan E Willner","doi":"10.1364/OE.527713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.527713","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In general, space-time wave packets with correlations between transverse spatial fields and temporal frequency spectra can lead to unique spatiotemporal dynamics, thus enabling control of the instantaneous light properties. However, spatiotemporal dynamics generated in previous approaches manifest themselves at a given propagation distance yet are not arbitrarily tailored longitudinally. Here, we propose and demonstrate a new versatile class of judiciously synthesized wave packets whose spatiotemporal evolution can be arbitrarily engineered to take place at various predesigned distances along the longitudinal propagation path. Spatiotemporal synthesis is achieved by introducing a 2-dimensional spectrum comprising both temporal and longitudinal wavenumbers associated with specific transverse Bessel-Gaussian fields. The resulting spectra are then employed to produce wave packets evolving in both time and axial distance - in full accord with the theoretical analysis. In this respect, various light degrees of freedom can be independently manipulated, such as intensity, polarization, and transverse spatial distribution (e.g., orbital angular momentum). Through a temporal-longitudinal frequency comb spectrum, we simulate the synthesis of the aforementioned wave packet properties, indicating a decrease in relative error compared to the desired phenomena as more spectral components are incorporated. Additionally, we experimentally demonstrate tailorable spatiotemporal fields carrying time- and longitudinal-varying orbital angular momentum, such that the local topological charge evolves every ∼1 ps in the time domain and 10 cm axially. We believe our space-time wave packets can significantly expand the exploration of spatiotemporal dynamics in the longitudinal dimension. Such wave packets might potentially enable novel applications in light-matter interactions and nonlinear optics.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"26653-26666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.530348
Qi Zhang, Chaofan Gu, Ragini Singh, Sourabh Jain, Ray T Chen, Bingyuan Zhang, Santosh Kumar
{"title":"Hump-shaped seven-core fiber-based WaveFlex biosensor for rapid detection of glyphosate pesticides in real food samples.","authors":"Qi Zhang, Chaofan Gu, Ragini Singh, Sourabh Jain, Ray T Chen, Bingyuan Zhang, Santosh Kumar","doi":"10.1364/OE.530348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.530348","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At present, pesticides are widely used in the cultivation of crops. Glyphosate is widely used in many pesticides. Glyphosate ingestion can cause a series of health problems. Therefore, this paper proposes to use localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) technology to develop a WaveFlex biosensor (plasma wave-based optical fiber sensor) to detect glyphosate concentration in pesticides. The evanescent field is improved by using the fusion of seven-core fiber and single-mode fiber and the tapering of the sensing area to improve the sensing performance. The gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are used to excite the LSPR effect. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and cerium oxide nanorods (CeO<sub>2</sub>-NRs) are used to increase the surface area and promote the adhesion of the enzyme. The sensitivity of the sensor is 137.7 pm/µM in the range of 0-60 µM glyphosate concentration, and the limit of detection (LoD) is 1.94 µM, which has good performance in compared to the existing biosensors. Subsequently, the sensor was tested for reusability, reproducibility, selectivity, stability, and excellent results were obtained. Finally, the sensor is tested on real samples, and the results show that it can be applied in practical applications. The test findings demonstrate that the sensor has a great deal of potential for use in glyphosate content detection in food samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"25789-25804"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.525632
Jianxuan Duan, Linfei Chen
{"title":"Image authentication method based on Fourier zero-frequency replacement and single-pixel self-calibration imaging by diffractive deep neural network.","authors":"Jianxuan Duan, Linfei Chen","doi":"10.1364/OE.525632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.525632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The diffractive deep neural network is a novel network model that applies the principles of diffraction to neural networks, enabling machine learning tasks to be performed through optical principles. In this paper, a fully optical authentication model is developed using the diffractive deep neural network. The model utilizes terahertz light for propagation and combines it with a self-calibration single-pixel imaging model to construct a comprehensive optical authentication system with faster authentication speed. The proposed system filters the authentication images, establishes an optical connection with the Fourier zero-frequency response of the illumination pattern, and introduces the signal-to-noise ratio as a criterion for batch image authentication. Computer simulations demonstrate the fast speed and strong automation performance of the proposed optical authentication system, suggesting broad prospects for the combined application of diffractive deep neural networks and optical systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"25940-25952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.525845
Yue Liu, Jingping Zhu, Chen Chen, Xun Hou, Yongtian Wang
{"title":"Irradiance-tailoring integral-illumination polarization homogenizer based on anamorphic aspheric microlens arrays.","authors":"Yue Liu, Jingping Zhu, Chen Chen, Xun Hou, Yongtian Wang","doi":"10.1364/OE.525845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.525845","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the realm of active polarization detection systems, the imperative for polarization illumination systems with high-uniformity and predefined-shape irradiance distribution is evident. This paper introduces a novel anamorphic aspheric (AAS) microlens array (MLA) integral polarization homogenizer, incorporating projection MLA (PMLA), condenser MLA (CMLA), polarization film (PF), and a sub-image array (SIA) mask based on Kohler illumination principles. Firstly, the optimal design of an AAS-based projection sub-lens is proposed to facilitate the creation of a short-working-distance, predefined-geometric and sharp polarization irradiance tailoring. The SIA mask is constituted by plenty of predistortion SIs, which are generated through a combination of chief ray tracing and the radial basis function (RBF) image warping method. In addition, accompanied with tolerance sensitivity analysis, detailed analysis of stray light generation factors and proposed elimination or suppression methods further ensure the engineering reliability and stability of the proposed system. A compact integral-illumination polarization homogenizer design example is realized with an overall irradiance uniformity exceeding 90% and a volume of 25 mm × 25 mm × 18.25 mm. Different predefined-geometrical-profile and high-uniformity polarization irradiance distribution can be achieved by substituting different SIA masks and PFs, without replacing MLA optical elements, which greatly saves cost. Substantial simulations and experiments corroborate the efficacy of our polarization homogenizer.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"26609-26631"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.521035
Si Wu, Xiaohui Su, Yaqing Qiao, Le Liu, ZiJing Yang, Wei Xiong, Qiaodan Chen, Leimin Deng
{"title":"Coating-assisted picosecond laser ablation for microstructure fabrication of SiC ceramics.","authors":"Si Wu, Xiaohui Su, Yaqing Qiao, Le Liu, ZiJing Yang, Wei Xiong, Qiaodan Chen, Leimin Deng","doi":"10.1364/OE.521035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.521035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics have emerged as critical materials in the production of high-precision components. Ultrafast laser processing is deemed the optimal technique for micro-nano manufacturing of SiC. However, the permanent deposition layer induced by laser ablation can critically impact the precision of the component. In this work, a coating-assisted picosecond laser ablation (CAPLA) method was proposed, in which sacrificial photoresist coating was utilized to improve surface quality without efficiency loss. The coating serves to prevent the uncooled plasma from contacting with the substrate, thereby preventing the formation of a permanent deposition layer. By comparing the CAPLA method with laser direct ablation, the influence of laser parameters and photoresist coating characteristics on the deposition layer was investigated systematically. A processed surface devoid of deposition layers can be achieved by CAPLA with low pulse energy and a high number of scans. The uniformity is critical to ensure the transmission of the laser beam, and a larger thickness can improve the processing efficiency by increasing the limit of pulse energy capacity. Pin arrays and vacuum grooves for SiC ceramic vacuum chucks were fabricated to demonstrate the superiority of the CAPLA method. These results suggest that this method can be a novel and promising approach for high-precision component manufacturing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"26512-26524"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optics expressPub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.1364/OE.519603
Eric R Sung, Yun Kai, Thomas Pezeril, Keith A Nelson
{"title":"Enhancement of terahertz fields in LiTaO<sub>3</sub> waveguides using a conical pulse front.","authors":"Eric R Sung, Yun Kai, Thomas Pezeril, Keith A Nelson","doi":"10.1364/OE.519603","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.519603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of methods for the generation of strong ultrafast electromagnetic pulses in the terahertz (THz) spectral range has led to a surge of progress in nonlinear THz spectroscopy and THz control of molecular and collective responses. For spectroscopy in the 1-THz range, the submillimeter wavelengths and associated large spot sizes, large optical elements, and short distances between final focusing elements and samples can lead to cumbersome experimental setups that are incompatible with some sample environments. Here, we introduce a novel terahertz ring excitation (TREx) optical pumping geometry to generate superposing, focusing fields in planar THz waveguides made out of the electro-optic material lithium tantalate. High THz fields, >175 kV/cm, are generated and measured optically with no free-space THz propagation. The field level achieved by pumping with a sequence of concentric rings of excitation light exceeds by about 20× the result of a single cylindrically focused line of pump light that has been used routinely in previous work. The technique opens new prospects for compact waveguide-based linear and nonlinear THz spectroscopy and signal processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":19691,"journal":{"name":"Optics express","volume":"32 15","pages":"26913-26924"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142625378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}