{"title":"Low-cost commercial optoelectronic components-driven quantum random number generator with theoretical 64 Gb/s throughput via parallelization","authors":"Yifan Ge, Xubiao Zhang, Jiajia Shen, Mingyi Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a feasible 64-Gb/s quantum random number generator (QRNG) scheme based on amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise is proposed. A single-channel throughput of 1.05-Gb/s was experimentally demonstrated using commercially available 200-MHz-bandwidth photodetectors. Meanwhile, we develop a novel dual-rate cyclic shift XOR (DRCS-XOR) algorithm to mitigate inter-symbol correlations and enhance the uniformity of the power spectral density. The proposed DRCS-XOR prioritizes real-time efficiency with the complexity of O(<em>n</em>), while its security depends on the quantum entropy dominance of ASE. By synergistically integrating broadband ASE entropy extraction with cost-effective optoelectronic components, the proposed architecture achieves high generation rate and overcomes limitations in bandwidth-efficiency tradeoffs inherent in conventional quantum random number generation systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Delay-based reservoir computing for signal recovery in optical communication systems","authors":"Yunfan Zhang , Tiegen Liu , Jian Zhao , Tianhua Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the past few years, reservoir computing (RC) has garnered significant attention, with delay-based RC being proposed as a promising paradigm for realizing RC networks in hardware. In this paper, we have implemented and evaluated two major RC methods: one based on a Mach–Zehnder modulator and the other on a semiconductor laser with external injection and optical feedback. We conducted investigations to evaluate the capabilities of these methods in performing signal recovery tasks in an optical transmission system, which was also numerically simulated for various transmission scenarios. Specifically, the neighboring symbol pattern technique was introduced to enhance the chromatic dispersion compensation ability of these two RC methods. The results indicate that, despite their differing advantages, both methods can perform as well as classic digital signal processing (DSP) techniques, even for high modulation formats such as 16QAM, 64QAM, and 256QAM. This demonstrates their great potential as alternatives to traditional DSP approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dong Sun , Luming Song , Fumin Zhang , Shufan Li , Hongyi Lin
{"title":"Dual-frequency sweeping interferometry enhanced by four-wave mixing in highly nonlinear fiber","authors":"Dong Sun , Luming Song , Fumin Zhang , Shufan Li , Hongyi Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104415","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104415","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frequency sweeping interferometry (FSI) is a high-precision ranging technique commonly employed in various applications. However, the accuracy of FSI is significantly compromised by Doppler shift errors introduced by subtle vibrations of the target, which become involved in the beat signal. In this paper, we propose a dual FSI ranging method using the Four-Wave Mixing (FWM) effect. This method is not only cost-effective but also effectively eliminates the Doppler shift error. The FWM effect resolves the synchronization issue between the dual-swept lasers. Using this method, the standard deviation of the ranging accuracy decreases from 412 to 9 μm at the target vibration frequency and amplitude of 1 Hz and 1 μm. Furthermore, this technique allows for the concurrent calculation of the object’s velocity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104415"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145118934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Study on spatial disturbance characteristics in deep reinjection reservoirs for high-salinity mine water","authors":"Yali Peng , Shiang Xu , Pingsong Zhang , Jiankun Xue , Haibo Wu , Yucan Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the spatial disturbance and diffusion pathways of deep reinjection reservoirs for high-salinity mine water. Taking a coal mine in Yushenfu as a case study, a 3D physical model (240 cm × 180 cm × 150 cm) was constructed and integrated with a distributed optical fiber sensing system. Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) technology was employed to achieve high-precise monitoring of reservoir deformation. Concurrently, a numerical model was established in COMSOL Multiphysics to analyze the coupling between mine water diffusion and reservoir mechanics during reinjection, allowing comparison with the physical experiment. The results indicate that the physical model and numerical simulation have a good consistency. The OFDR technology effectively captured spatial disturbance caused by reinjection, with fiber strain curves delineating the extent and pathways of water migration. The reinjection process follows three stages: pore/fracture filling, hydraulic channel expansion, and sequestration pressure disturbance. OFDR strain monitoring exhibits excellent spatial resolution and measurement accuracy, making it highly suitable for physical modeling applications. Overall, this approach provides an effective means for evaluating the sequestration performance and optimizing the reinjection process in deep mine water reinjection systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fast, accurate and simple method for measuring the chromatic dispersion of optical fibers using a single-arm interferometer and a frequency comb","authors":"N.A. Koliada , D.V. Brazhnikov , A.A. Filonov , Y.G. Isaeva , V.S. Pivtsov","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose and study a novel method for measuring the chromatic dispersion parameter (<em>D</em>) of optical fibers by means of a single-arm three-wave interferometer (SAI) and a fiber femtosecond frequency comb (FFFC). The FFFC is frequency locked to a single-ytterbium-ion optical standard and employed as a source of highly stable and broadband laser radiation. The FFFC spectrum ranges from 1 to 2 μm, which is the most demanded range in fiber optics. The theoretical model developed in the work is used to derive simple analytical expressions for the parameter <em>D</em>, taking into account the dispersion slope (DS). To verify the method, the parameter <em>D</em> is measured for a standard single-mode SMF-28 fiber with a length of 1.23 m. At a wavelength of 1550 nm, the value of <em>D</em> has been found to be approximately 16.6 ps/(nm∙km) with taking into account the DS. The root mean square error of measurements is 0.86 ps/(nm∙km). Another key feature of the method is that it enables accurate measurements of the parameter <em>D</em> across a broad spectral range in a relatively short time. All these features make the proposed method very attractive for a wide scope of applications in fiber-optic technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104402"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wavelength switchable erbium doped fiber laser based on hybrid filter composed of Sagnac loop and Mach-Zehnder filter using tunable delay line","authors":"Lihang Xu , Wei He , Qiongyue Zhang , Shaode Li","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a switchable and tunable erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on a tunable Mach-Zehnder (MZ) and Sagnac hybrid filter was proposed. An optical delay line (ODL) was inserted into one arm of the MZ interferometer (MZI) to control the comb spacing, forming a hybrid filtering system with the Sagnac loop. The erbium-doped fiber (EDF) serves as the gain medium for the fiber laser, with a lasing threshold of 43 mW. When the EDFL was set to single-wavelength output, a tuning range from 1556.1 to 1567.4 nm was achieved by adjusting the polarization controller (PC). In the dual-wavelength output, the wavelength spacing could be tuned within the range of 0.84 to 6.62 nm, with side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR) exceeding 33.44 dB. Wavelength drift and power fluctuations were controlled to be less than 0.112 nm and 2.73 dB, respectively. Stable three-wavelength and four-wavelength laser outputs were also achieved, each with SMSR values exceeding 31.04 dB. The proposed hybrid filter EDFL exhibited flexible tuning capabilities and simple structure, indicating potential applications in fiber sensing and optical communication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaodong Wen , Zhenzhen Wang , Xiaoxin Ma , Haoning Gao , Shichang Ma , Mingyu Liu , Yan Bai
{"title":"Intensity-modulated rotation angle sensor based on multi-core fibers","authors":"Xiaodong Wen , Zhenzhen Wang , Xiaoxin Ma , Haoning Gao , Shichang Ma , Mingyu Liu , Yan Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An intensity-modulated rotation angle sensor based on eccentric dual-core fiber (EDCF) and seven-core fiber (SCF) is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor configuration comprises an EDCF and a cascaded fan-out SCF. Input light is coupled from the eccentric core of the EDCF into the outer cores of the SCF for transmission. The output light intensities from the seven single-mode fibers (SMFs) of the fan-out are detected by photodiodes to quantify the optical power in each core of the SCF. Both simulation and experimental results verify a correlation between the light intensity distributions in the outer cores of the SCF and the rotational angle of the EDCF. Lorentzian fitting is applied to the intensity profiles of the six surrounding cores of the SCF at each angular position. By extracting the peak horizontal coordinates from these fittings, a linear relationship is established between these coordinates and the rotation angle. The sensor achieves full 360° angular coverage with a resolution of 10° and a sensitivity of 0.0168 core number/°. Featuring a simple structure and wide measurement range, this sensor exhibits significant potential for applications in industrial automation and full-range angle monitoring scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rizal Ramli , Norita Mohd Yusoff , Abubakar Sani , Mohammed Thamer Alresheedi , Eng Khoon Ng , Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Zan , Mohd Adzir Mahdi
{"title":"Copper nanoparticle polyvinyl alcohol-film with multimode fiber saturable absorber for Q-switched lasers","authors":"Rizal Ramli , Norita Mohd Yusoff , Abubakar Sani , Mohammed Thamer Alresheedi , Eng Khoon Ng , Mohd Saiful Dzulkefly Zan , Mohd Adzir Mahdi","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have demonstrated the utilization of copper nanoparticle polyvinyl alcohol film saturable absorber with typical single-mode fiber (CuNP/PVA-SMF-SA) and multimode fiber (CuNP/PVA-MMF-SA) in an erbium-doped fiber laser for the generation of Q-switched pulses. For both methods, the CuNP/PVA film was coated with an index-matching gel sandwiched between two fiber ferrules. By incorporating CuNP/PVA-based SA in a laser cavity, stable Q-switched pulses were attained with a pump power range of 31–92 mW vs. 49–215 mW, a repetition rate (maximum pump power) of 16.61 kHz vs. 33.90 kHz, and a pulse width (maximum pump power) of 24.40 µs vs. 12.95 µs for CuNP/PVA-SMF-SA and CuNP/PVA-MMF-SA, respectively. The primary advantage of the CuNP/PVA-MMF-SA is its broader Q-switched pulse operation range relative to its counterpart, attributed to its weaker light confinement effect resulting from a bigger core diameter. This device could sustain a higher injected penetration power at 31.6 mW, yielding an energy pulse of 94 nJ, which represents a 1.57 enhancement factor. This approach facilitates pulse energy upscaling by maximizing the oversaturation power limit without compromising the device’s integrity. This will create new opportunities for high-energy Q-switched fiber laser applications in the photonics industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104389"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Surface-mode induced high birefringence in a low-loss 7-cell photonic bandgap hollow-core fiber","authors":"Chaochao Shen , Dakun Wu , Xinyue Zhu , Si Chen , Fei Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a low-loss high-birefringence 7-cell photonic-bandgap hollow-core fiber (PBG-HCF) is designed and fabricated based on the method of surface mode engineering. Within a smooth transmission band from 1472 nm to 1560 nm, a minimum attenuation of 39 dB/km is measured where up to 3.29 × 10<sup>−3</sup> group birefringence is achieved. The windowed Fourier transform (WFT) is applied in the analysis of spectral beating measurement results. The wavelength dependence of group birefringence of fundamental and higher-order modes is resolved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaojie Li , Haonan Sun , Xiufang Wang , Chunlei Jiang , Taiji Dong , Xu Liu , Dongao Li , Hang Pan , Yongzhi Liu
{"title":"Airborne particle trapping via counter-propagating laser beams for ultrasensitive acoustic sensing","authors":"Yaojie Li , Haonan Sun , Xiufang Wang , Chunlei Jiang , Taiji Dong , Xu Liu , Dongao Li , Hang Pan , Yongzhi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional electroacoustic sensors face critical limitations in extreme electromagnetic interference (EMI) scenarios such as ultra-high-voltage transmission and particle accelerators, manifesting as sensitivity constraints (SNR < 40 dB for MEMS microphones) and mechanical coupling failures. This study presents a counter-propagating dual-beam fiber-optic acoustic sensing architecture, where two precisely aligned single-mode fiber cores establish an interference field. A nebulizer delivers microparticles to the beam overlap zone, enabling stable optical-axis confinement to form a miniaturized Fabry-Perot resonant cavity. External acoustic perturbations induce particle displacement, which is transduced into optical phase modulation for contactless sensing. Experimental results demonstrate a operational bandwidth spanning 10 Hz–12 kHz with near-unity linearity (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.991) and maximum SNR of 57 dB @500 Hz, representing a 17 dB enhancement over conventional piezoelectric counterparts. The system also has high sensitivity, a sensitivity of 334.9 mV/Pa at 500 Hz, and a noise-equivalent pressure of 91.7 μPa/√Hz@500 Hz. Rigorous repeatability testing confirms tightly controlled SNR amplitude fluctuations, validating system stability. The compact geometry, inherent EMI immunity, and broadband detection capabilities position this device as a transformative solution for nonlinear single-particle acoustics and industrial monitoring under conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145097018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}