Jiatao Jiang , Zhiming Lin , Qianhui Yang , Zihao Zhao , Yi-Yuan Xie , Dewen Duan
{"title":"Temperature insensitive fully open cavity fiber inline Fabry–Perot interferometer optofluidic sensor with microlens enhanced visibility","authors":"Jiatao Jiang , Zhiming Lin , Qianhui Yang , Zihao Zhao , Yi-Yuan Xie , Dewen Duan","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present an all-fiber, fully open Fabry–Perot interferometer (FPI) optofluidic sensor with high visibility. The FPI is fabricated by aligning a spherical-ended fiber and a flat-ended fiber in series, with a gap between the two end faces acting as the open cavity of the FPI. The two fiber sections are supported by low-melting-point glass bonded to a support fiber. The spherical fiber end face acts as a microlens, reducing the reflected light transition loss due to light field divergence and coupling loss, thereby increasing the visibility of the FPI. The manufacturing process ensures that the two fiber end faces remain undamaged, thereby maintaining the high visibility of the FPI sensor. The complete openness of the FPI allows the analyte of interest to easily enter and exit the cavity without additional assistance. We have experimentally analyzed the visibility enhancement provided by the spherical fiber end face of the open-cavity FPI. We have also fabricated two such sensors and evaluated their refractive index and temperature responses. The results show that the spherical end face of the lead-in fiber can provide up to a 25% visibility enhancement compared to a flat end face. The proposed sensor exhibits a refractive index sensitivity of over 1116 nm/RIU in the range of 1.334 to 1.375 and is temperature insensitive. The proposed fully open FPI is a low-cost, robust, and easy-to-manufacture structure with potential for mass production. This makes it an attractive option for practical optofluidics applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fiber optic connector end-face defect detection based on machine vision","authors":"Longbing Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an important signal connector in communication data transmission, the performance of optical fiber is closely related to the reliability of data transmission. Currently, most manufacturers still use manual visual observation under a traditional microscope for fiber end-face defect detection, which suffers from low precision, low efficiency, and poor consistency. This study provides a machine vision-based method for identifying defects in fiber optic connector end face called the POL detection method. The method can be used to detect defects such as oil, dust, impurities, dents, and scratches on fiber optic end faces. The experimental results show that the POL detection method has a combined detection accuracy of at least 97.14%. The present technology indicates specific methods for realizing image acquisition, image preprocessing, feature extraction, and defect localization. Compared with the existing traditional manual visual inspection, the accuracy of the method is improved by about 20% and the efficiency is improved by about 6 to 7 times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nannan Liu , Tingting Liu , Qian Zhang , Wenyan Zhang , Yunqi Hao , Yafeng Jiao , Kun Yang , Xiaoying Li
{"title":"Generation of two-channel intensity difference squeezing by using a single fiber-optical parametric amplifier","authors":"Nannan Liu , Tingting Liu , Qian Zhang , Wenyan Zhang , Yunqi Hao , Yafeng Jiao , Kun Yang , Xiaoying Li","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multi-channel squeezed light sources are extremely desired in establishing quantum metrology systems. Using a single optical fiber parametric amplifier, we prepare a two-channel intensity difference squeezed light source. The directly measured squeezing degrees of the two channels are 3.18 ± 0.18 dB and 2.85 ± 0.18 dB, respectively. The squeezing degree can be further improved by cooling the fiber and reducing injected seeds power and the number of channels can be further increased by injecting more seeds with different wavelengths. The generated two channels of intensity difference squeezing lights can be used in different kinds of quantum measurement and different quantum information processes. Our study is helpful for energy saving and promotion of quantum technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143350421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A microfiber knot resonator for ultrasonic underwater detection","authors":"Haoming Huang, Jiangong Cui, Wendong Zhang, Guojun Zhang, Renxin Wang, Yuhua Yang, Yonghua Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104152","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a microfiber knot resonator (MKR) for detecting high frequency underwater acoustic signals is proposed. The micro-cavity structure based on the whispering gallery mode(WGM) has high sensitivity to the characteristic variables of the external environment, and the micronano fiber has the evanescent wave effect. Therefore, the MKR based on the WGM made by the micronano fiber can realize good underwater acoustic signal sensing. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which has low Young’s modulus and small refractive index difference with single mode fiber core, is selected as the packaging material. The PDMS films protect the structure of MKR while increasing the quality factor (Q-factor) of MKR. The Q-factor of the packaged MKR is up to <span><math><mrow><mn>6</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>7</mn><mo>×</mo><mn>1</mn><msup><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. The results show that the average sensitivity of MKR is −177 dB in the frequency range of 180 kHz-1 MHz, the sensitivity is −173.2 dB at 1 MHz, and the minimum detectable sound pressure(MDP) is 0.046 mPa<span><math><mrow><mo>/</mo><msqrt><mrow><mi>Hz</mi></mrow></msqrt></mrow></math></span>. This paper shows the excellent potential of MKR in ultrasonic underwater detection, and the prospect of MKR in the field of underwater acoustic detection is expected to be further developed, and the application prospect of MKR in the integration of small size micro–nano sensors and sensor arrays.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104152"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143314742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Piotr Bojęś , Yingchu Xu , Wonkeun Chang , Karol Krzempek
{"title":"Controllable multipulsing in a 1 μm dissipative soliton mode-locked laser","authors":"Piotr Bojęś , Yingchu Xu , Wonkeun Chang , Karol Krzempek","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We demonstrate a dissipative soliton mode-locked fiber laser with controllable multipulsing. The laser was constructed in a figure-8, nonlinear amplifying loop mirror, all-in fiber cavity configuration using polarization maintaining fibers and components and a 2-meter long PM double-clad active fiber as the gain medium. The self-starting configuration was capable of generating between 1 and 25 subnanosecond pulses in a single bunch, at a 4.05 MHz repetition rate. The number of pulses generated in a single bunch was controllable via the pump power delivered to the active fiber. We provide and discuss a theoretical model of the laser, along with an experimental investigation of the pulse splitting and the laser stability. The capability of utilizing the lasers as a seed source for further amplification was experimentally verified, reaching an output power of 2.63 W during the multipulse operation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143314743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhiyang Wang, Ailing Zhang, Pengxiang Chang, Yanmei Shi, Zhen Li
{"title":"Sensitivity enhanced SPR/LSPR biosensor based on Au/PDA/AuNps co-modified PCF for rabbit IgG detection","authors":"Zhiyang Wang, Ailing Zhang, Pengxiang Chang, Yanmei Shi, Zhen Li","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A photonic crystal fiber (PCF)-based SPR biosensor co-modified by Au film, polydopamine (PDA) and Au nanoparticles (AuNps) is proposed. The refractive index(RI) sensitivity of the sensor is enhanced by the coupling between the SPR inspired in the Au film and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) inspired in AuNps, as well as the high RI of the PDA. The experimental results show that the PCF-Au-PDA-AuNps sensor obtains a high RI sensitivity of 3523.10 nm/RIU in the RI range of 1.335–––1.365, which is 2.07 times of that of the PCF-Au sensor. In addition, in order to bioassay to rabbit IgG, an extra layer of PDA with excellent adhesion and biocompatibility properties is modified on the surface of AuNps to anchor a layer of goat anti-rabbit Immunoglobulin G(IgG). The bio-sensitivity of the sensor for rabbit IgG reaches 0.951 nm/(µg/mL), and the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.021 µg/mL. Due to its good biosensing performance, this fiber-optic biosensor based on SPR-LSPR coupling is suitable to be applied in clinical disease diagnosis and immunoassay.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143314756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation based on hexagonal core silica-photonic crystal fiber with low peak power","authors":"Duc Hoang Trong , Lanh Chu Van , Thuy Nguyen Thi","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel and simple structure of nitrobenzene-filled hexagonal core photonic crystal fibers with supercontinuum spectral broadening in the mid-infrared region is numerically simulated. We can optimize geometrical parameters such as pitch, larger and smaller air hole diameters, hollow core shape to control and design dispersion characteristics, achieving an all-normal near zero flattened dispersion with fluctuation of ± 1.807 ps/nm·km in the 0.431 µm wavelength range and low value of –2.496 ps/nm·km at the 1.55 µm pump wavelength. The two proposed fibers have small effective mode areas leading to high nonlinear coefficients, with values of 8966.877 and 7311.825 W<sup>−1</sup>.km<sup>−1</sup>, respectively, at the pump wavelength of 1.55 µm. At 370 W of pump power, a near-infrared supercontinuum spanning from 0.791 to 2.99 µm with a bandwidth at 30 dB of 1.726 µm is obtained using the first fiber with an all-normal dispersion profile. Soliton dynamics govern the expansion of the supercontinuum spectrum into the mid-infrared region when the second fiber is pumped at a wavelength of 1.55 µm in an anomalous dispersion regime, covering from 0.791 to 6.5 µm (bandwidth of 3.49 µm at 30 dB) with a peak power of 500 W. These numerical results can be useful for various purposes such as biomedical, sensors, and optical coherence tomography.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143314701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design and experimental Validation of an FBG accelerometer using Cantilever-Hinge structures","authors":"Yingnan Chen , Xinhao Li , Wenhao Xia , Faxiang Zhang , Shaodong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The FBG accelerometer, due to its advantages such as high sensitivity, wide frequency response, immunity to electromagnetic interference, strong corrosion resistance, and miniaturization, has wide applications in engineering fields. Under the premise of ensuring the sensor’s quality factor (<em>Q</em>), this paper introduces an FBG accelerometer featuring a cantilever-hinge structure, which effectively reduces the design and manufacturing complexity of the accelerometer. The accelerometer model is established using vibration theory, with structural optimization and simulation conducted in MATLAB and ANSYS. The accelerometer’s performance was evaluated through experimental testing. The study indicates that the accelerometer’s resonance frequency is 510 Hz, with a smooth frequency response between 0.1 Hz and 150 Hz. Its sensitivity is 54.12 pm/g, while the cross-sensitivity is under 9.7 %. This study offers a new approach to optimizing FBG accelerometer design, facilitating its broader engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143314699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lingbo Cai , Xiaoran Ma , Jianlei Wang , Xiaohan Chang , Hongyang Dong , Mingqi Fan , Tianli Feng , Chun Wang
{"title":"Realization of femtosecond harmonic pulse and high-energy pulse envelope in a self-pulsing fiber laser","authors":"Lingbo Cai , Xiaoran Ma , Jianlei Wang , Xiaohan Chang , Hongyang Dong , Mingqi Fan , Tianli Feng , Chun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report a self-pulsing Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL) which can respectively operate in different dynamic mode-locking regimes, including stable fundamental mode-locking (FML), bunched soliton mode-locking (BSML), harmonic mode-locking (HML) and Q-switched mode-locking (QML). The dynamic evolution of FML pulse to BSML pulse and finally to HML pulse shows a directly dependence on pumping power. At the pumping power of 29 mW, the fiber laser delivers the FML pulses with a repetition frequency of 11.64 MHz and pulse duration of 1.09 ps. The further increase of pumping power makes the FML pulse evolves into the BSML pulses with up to 9 sub-pulses. Once the pumping power reaches 210 mW, the 9th-order HML pulse with a pulse duration of 883 fs is realized. Moreover, the HML pulse can go into the QML regime by adjusting the intracavity polarization state, and the energy of pulse envelope reaches up to 344 nJ at the pumping power of 483 mW. To our best of knowledge, this is the first realization of BSML pulse, femtosecond HML pulse and >300 nJ pulse envelope in a self-pulsing EDFL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"91 ","pages":"Article 104145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143314700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siti Asma Che Aziz , Norita Mohd Yusoff , Nadiah Husseini Zainol Abidin , Mohammed Thamer Alresheedi , Eng Khoon Ng , Mohd Adzir Mahdi
{"title":"Q-switched erbium-doped fibre laser via sub-micron nickel particles saturable absorber","authors":"Siti Asma Che Aziz , Norita Mohd Yusoff , Nadiah Husseini Zainol Abidin , Mohammed Thamer Alresheedi , Eng Khoon Ng , Mohd Adzir Mahdi","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We demonstrate a sandwich-type saturable absorber (SA) configuration of sub-micron nickel (Ni) particles aimed at generating Q-switched pulses in an erbium-doped fibre laser. The Ni-SA was fabricated by depositing the Ni materials in between two fibre ferrules with 2.38% modulation depth and 225 MW/cm<sup>2</sup> saturation intensity. The integration of the Ni-SA in a ring cavity laser generated Q-switched pulses at around 1559 nm lasing wavelength. The pulse operation regime was obtained within 70–250 mW pump power, in which the pulse width and repetition rate were tuneable from 13.98 to 5.12 µs and 25.74 to 55.72 kHz, respectively. Meanwhile, the maximum achievable output power and pulse energy at 250 mW were up to 5.55 mW and 99.71 nJ, respectively. This work unlocks new possibilities of generating high energy microsecond pulses for valuable applications in the near future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"90 ","pages":"Article 104139"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143129105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}