Optical Fiber Technology最新文献_第10页

Implementation of ultrastable microwave frequency transfer with optical–electrical–optical relay stations over long-distance urban fiber link 利用城市长距离光纤链路上的光-电-光中继站实现超稳定微波频率传输

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103982

Shaoshao Yu , Wenxiang Xue , Wenyu Zhao , Shougang Zhang

{"title":"Implementation of ultrastable microwave frequency transfer with optical–electrical–optical relay stations over long-distance urban fiber link","authors":"Shaoshao Yu , Wenxiang Xue , Wenyu Zhao , Shougang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103982","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103982","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The frequency transfer over long-distance optical fiber link is one of the important research subjects in the field of time and frequency. In this paper, the implementation of ultrastable microwave frequency transfer with optical–electrical–optical (OEO) relay stations are investigated over long-distance urban fiber link, and the experimental results show that the method is effective. In an effort to establish a full urban fiber link of long distance, a 106 km urban fiber is split into three sub-links by two customized dense wavelength division multiplexing components, then extended to 212 and 318 km with one and two OEO relay stations, respectively. The achieved frequency instability of the 212 and 318 km compensated link is 5.7 × 10<sup>−15</sup> at 1 s, 4.0 × 10<sup>−18</sup> at 4 × 10<sup>4</sup> s and 1.3 × 10<sup>−14</sup> at 1 s, 8.3 × 10<sup>−18</sup> at 10<sup>5</sup> s, respectively. In addition, a frequency signal coherent with the reference signal of the transfer system is extracted at each relay station along the 318 km compensated link. It shows that the frequency instability of the signal extracted at the first and second relay stations relative to the reference signal is 1.4 × 10<sup>−14</sup> at 1 s, 4.6 × 10<sup>−17</sup> at 10<sup>4</sup> s and 2.7 × 10<sup>−14</sup> at 1 s, 8.0 × 10<sup>−17</sup> at 10<sup>4</sup> s, respectively. The proposed scheme can potentially be used to further extend the length of fiber link by adding relay stations, which provides a novel solution for multiple-access ultrastable microwave frequency transfer over long-distance urban fiber link.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 103982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous measurement of strain and temperature based on PDMS sealed NCF offset sensor 基于 PDMS 密封 NCF 偏移传感器同时测量应变和温度

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103983

Jia Liu , Xianchao Yang , Zhongyang Li , Yuhuai Liu , Jianquan Yao

引用次数: 0

Revealing the Impact of Composition on Oil Monitoring Performance of Ni-Ti-Cu Coated Optical Fiber 揭示成分对镍钛铜涂层光纤油液监测性能的影响

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103974

Navneet Chouhan , Suhel Khan , Nandini Patra , I.A. Palani , Vipul Singh

{"title":"Revealing the Impact of Composition on Oil Monitoring Performance of Ni-Ti-Cu Coated Optical Fiber","authors":"Navneet Chouhan , Suhel Khan , Nandini Patra , I.A. Palani , Vipul Singh","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103974","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Shape Memory Alloy-coated optical fiber provides an economical, Smart, and real-time monitoring technological solution for Industry 4.0. In this work, the compositional influence of Ni-Ti-Cu coating on optical signal actuation has been studied. Morphological studies showed improvement in the grain size, surface roughness, and a better shape memory effect. Thermal characteristics revealed an increase in the phase transformation temperature of NiTiCu with higher copper content. Experimental analysis of optical fiber sensors in Mineral Oil resulted in a gradual shift in the actuation temperature range. A sensitivity of ∼52 mV/°C was recorded in the actuation window, showcasing the improved response time for copper-rich composition. A comparison of coated-uncoated optical fiber performance in oil has also been presented, and delamination studies were conducted by continuously exposing the samples to hot oil. The work can be referred for requirement-based composition selection for real-time and smart monitoring capability in the Oil industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 103974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142311997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel deep-learning model for detecting small-scale anomaly temperature zones in RDTS based on attention mechanism and K-Means clustering 基于注意力机制和 K-Means 聚类的新型深度学习模型，用于检测 RDTS 中的小尺度温度异常区

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103969

Honghui Wang , Xike Yang , Tong Liu , Qianfeng Shui , Xiang Wang , Guangle Yao , Chen Wang

{"title":"A novel deep-learning model for detecting small-scale anomaly temperature zones in RDTS based on attention mechanism and K-Means clustering","authors":"Honghui Wang , Xike Yang , Tong Liu , Qianfeng Shui , Xiang Wang , Guangle Yao , Chen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the increasing integration of RDTS technology into disaster monitoring systems, such as pipeline leak detection and fire surveillance, promptly and precisely identifying small-scale anomaly temperature zones characterized by short lengths and low temperature variations within RDTS data is crucial for effective early warning systems. Current anomaly detection algorithms for RDTS, including PCA and CNN-based approaches, are typically designed to identify large-scale anomaly temperature zones, which exceed spatial resolution and exhibit temperature values significantly above room temperature. To address this gap, we have introduced an innovative RDTS anomaly detection model that incorporates global and local feature extraction modules, a multi-head cross-attention fusion module, a self-attention module, and an AR module. Additionally, we developed a label generation method based on K-Means clustering that adaptively generates labels using anomaly scores. We collected four distinct types of RDTS data with varying temperature zone distributions and conducted performance evaluation experiments on our model. On test dataset, our proposed model achieved a peak F1 score of 0.772, which improved to 0.832 after employing the K-Means clustering-based label generation method. These findings demonstrate that our model possesses superior capability in detecting small-scale abnormal temperature zones in RDTS data. Moreover, the proposed K-Means clustering approach for data label generation significantly enhances the model’s detection performance. The refined model consistently performs anomaly detection tasks on RDTS data with temperature zone lengths equivalent to or greater than the sampling interval (40 cm) and holds potential for widespread application in RDTS-based disaster monitoring scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 103969"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142271893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large-energy operation of an Er-doped fiber laser with ZrGeTe4 saturable absorber 带有 ZrGeTe4 可饱和吸收器的掺铒光纤激光器的大能量运行

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103976

Yujia Xue , Hongqing Li , Dehua Wu , Jun Yu , Jing Wang , Kai Jiang , Huanian Zhang , Wenjing Tang , Wei Xia

{"title":"Large-energy operation of an Er-doped fiber laser with ZrGeTe4 saturable absorber","authors":"Yujia Xue , Hongqing Li , Dehua Wu , Jun Yu , Jing Wang , Kai Jiang , Huanian Zhang , Wenjing Tang , Wei Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>ZrGeTe<sub>4</sub> as a layered semiconductor material with good stability and optoelectronic properties, and excellent saturable absorption characteristics, but its application in fiber lasers is still insufficient. In order to explore its application in fiber lasers, we prepared ZrGeTe<sub>4</sub>-PVA thin film by liquid phase exfoliation and performed a series of characterizations. A modulation depth of 13.15 %, a non-saturated loss of 6.4 %, and a saturation intensity of 5.5 MW/cm<sup>2</sup> were obtained. Then used the ZrGeTe<sub>4</sub>-PVA thin film as the saturable absorber (SA) in an Er-doped fiber laser (EDFL), the large-energy operation could be realized. In the case of a cavity length of 234 m, when the pump power was increased to 1229 mW, a maximum single pulse energy of about 32.72 nJ was achieved, with a repetition frequency of 859 kHz. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest single-pulse energy achieved in an EDFL based on ZrGeTe<sub>4</sub>-SA. This experiment shows that the ZrGeTe<sub>4</sub> is a promising two-dimensional (2D) material with good nonlinear absorption properties, proving that it is a promising pulse modulation of SA and laying a foundation for its subsequent study in fiber lasers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 103976"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142243677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optical fiber with varied flat chromatic dispersion 具有不同平面色散的光纤

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103972

Maciej Grzesiak, Krzysztof Poturaj, Mariusz Makara, Paweł Mergo

{"title":"Optical fiber with varied flat chromatic dispersion","authors":"Maciej Grzesiak, Krzysztof Poturaj, Mariusz Makara, Paweł Mergo","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the design and properties of the conventional all-solid silica based flat dispersion specialty optical fiber. The design utilizes depressed-clad type of refractive index profile which allows for precise control of the optical fiber modal properties, particularly the chromatic dispersion. Specifically designing the dopants concentrations and depressed clad to core diameter ratio allows to obtain optical fibers with flat chromatic dispersion ranging from anomalous to normal dispersion regime. The regime and the values of chromatic dispersion in optical fibers is obtained through the change of the core diameter with the refractive index profile being the same in all optical fibers. The influence of the dopant choice on the mechanical and optical properties is shown using finite element method (FEM) studies. The study demonstrates that fluorine is a better candidate than boron for optical fiber designs that require precise chromatic dispersion characteristics. Six optical fibers were manufactured with the same refractive index profile differing with core radius. This allowed to obtain optical fibers that have chromatic dispersion in anomalous region (17.82 ps/(nm∙km) at 1.96 µm) for the fiber DCFDF1 and normal region (−115.14 ps/(nm∙km) at 1.57 µm) for the fiber DCFDF6.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 103972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1068520024003171/pdfft?md5=c0827f1e3967ec6c49c2cf99c9a21f90&pid=1-s2.0-S1068520024003171-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142228829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research on vector bending sensors based on taper-drawn seven-core fiber Bragg grating 基于锥形拉伸七芯光纤布拉格光栅的矢量弯曲传感器研究

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103975

Yulun Zhang , Yicun Yao , Liqiang Zhang , Fan Zhang , Zhaogang Nie , Minghong Wang

{"title":"Research on vector bending sensors based on taper-drawn seven-core fiber Bragg grating","authors":"Yulun Zhang , Yicun Yao , Liqiang Zhang , Fan Zhang , Zhaogang Nie , Minghong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a novel vector bending sensor that enables simultaneous measurement of the bending response in six outer cores of a seven-core fiber (SCF) without the need for fan-in/fan-out configurations. Utilizing femtosecond laser technology, we inscribe seven Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) with distinct wavelengths across the SCF cores. The sensor’s tapering process, tailored for the bending sensing scenario, effectively combines the reflection peaks of the FBGs into one detection channel, thereby substantially improving the measurement efficiency. Our experimental results demonstrate a strong directional dependence of the bending response, with a maximum sensitivity of 127 pm/m<sup>−1</sup>. The bending angle and curvature magnitude are reconstructed by analyzing the wavelength shifts of any two non-diagonal outer cores, offering a versatile solution for real-time monitoring applications. This sensor design, by eliminating the need for additional fan-in/fan-out devices, simplifies the system architecture and reduces both measurement time and sensor size, making it highly suitable for applications in precision manufacturing, environmental monitoring, and robotics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 103975"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142228828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spatial resolution improvement method of RDTS assisted by small-scale thermal region length recognition model 小尺度热区长度识别模型辅助 RDTS 空间分辨率改进方法

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103967

Honghui Wang , Tong Liu , Xiang Wang , Xike Yang , Yuhang Wang , Yiru Wang , Shangkun Zeng , Jizhou Ren

{"title":"Spatial resolution improvement method of RDTS assisted by small-scale thermal region length recognition model","authors":"Honghui Wang , Tong Liu , Xiang Wang , Xike Yang , Yuhang Wang , Yiru Wang , Shangkun Zeng , Jizhou Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Total Variation Deconvolution (TVD) algorithm plays an important role in signal reconstruction, however, when it is used to improve the spatial resolution of Raman Distributed Temperature Sensor (RDTS), there are certain challenges in parameter settings. This paper proposes to use Fully-Connected Neural Network to identify the length of small-scale thermal regions(SSTR), and based on the recognition results to set the TVD parameters automatically. We constructed training sets based on the periodic changes of SSTR signals in RDTS (which we call Thermal Region Response Modes, TRRM), to verify performance, we conducted comparative experiments between models obtained from a training set containing 100 types of TRRMs and 25 types of TRRMs, the Macro-F1 value of the former one is 0.2749 higher, reaching 0.9087, performed well in SSTR length recognition tasks. the traditional TVD assisted by this model can increase the spatial resolution of RDTS from 1.6 m to 0.4 m without manual intervention, which complements the lack of automation in applications of TVD and has practical value.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 103967"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142228827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Plasmonic coupling dependent sensitivity in localized surface plasmon resonance based optical sensors 基于局部表面等离子体共振的光学传感器中与等离子体耦合相关的灵敏度

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103970

Rani Dutta, Tapanendu Kundu

引用次数: 0

Research on FBG curvature sensor based on PET substrate and silicone package 基于 PET 基底和硅胶封装的 FBG 曲率传感器研究

IF 2.6 3区计算机科学

Optical Fiber Technology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103968

Xin Li , Zhaojie Xu , Yang Miao , Guanjun Ma , Yuze Gong , Chunwei Wang

{"title":"Research on FBG curvature sensor based on PET substrate and silicone package","authors":"Xin Li , Zhaojie Xu , Yang Miao , Guanjun Ma , Yuze Gong , Chunwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103968","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2024.103968","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To address the low repeatability and accuracy in single package form and lack of strain transfer theory analysis in composite material form of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) curvature sensors, a flexible curvature sensing test scheme for FBG based on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and silicone package is proposed. Firstly, the factors affecting the strain response of the FBG are obtained through the analysis of the multilayer strain transfer theory, and the relationship between different material encapsulation forms and the strain response of the FBG is explored through finite element simulation. Secondly, the FBG curvature sensor with optimized simulation parameters is fabricated in package, and the curvature calibration verification experiments are performed on the sensor. Finally, the experimental results show that the deviation index of the FBG curvature sensor is between −1.89 % and 1.62 %, which indicates a better repeatability consistency. Based on the computation, the maximum sensitivity of the FBG curvature sensor is 13.32 µε/m<sup>−1</sup> when the spacing between the fiber and the substrate layer is 2.50 mm, and its error is 0.30 % comparing with the simulation of the same condition, which supports the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and simulation of the multilayer strain transfer of the encapsulated FBG sensor conducted in this paper, meanwhile, the optimal encapsulation process of the FBG curvature sensor is obtained.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"88 ","pages":"Article 103968"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0