Optical Fiber Technology最新文献

{"title":"Switching of soliton rain, bunches, and NLP from a thulium/holmium co-doped fiber laser using NPR","authors":"Edwin Addiel Espinosa-de-la-Cruz ,&nbsp;Manuel Durán-Sánchez ,&nbsp;Ulises Alcántara-Bautista ,&nbsp;Alejandro Reyes-Mora ,&nbsp;Adalid Ibarra-Garrido ,&nbsp;Iván Armas-Rivera ,&nbsp;Miguel Bello-Jiménez ,&nbsp;L.A. Rodríguez-Morales ,&nbsp;Baldemar Ibarra-Escamilla","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An experimental study on the switching between different multipulse regimes in a Thulium/Holmium-doped fiber (THDF) laser is reported by precise control of polarization controllers. Gaussian and square-shaped noise-like pulses (NLPs) and multiple solitons (MS), including soliton rains (SRs) and soliton bunches (SBs), are generated by the nonlinear polarization rotation technique (NPR) and by employing a double-pass amplifier (DPA) configuration. The study examines the role of polarization controllers and pump power in driving the transitions between these regimes, with a detailed analysis of their temporal and spectral characteristics under different pump powers. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first demonstration of switching among SR, SB, conventional NLPs, and the coexistence of square-shaped NLP with MS within a hybrid cavity configuration that combines NPR and a DPA. The system operates with a tunable central wavelength ranging from 1984 to 1993 nm, employing a THDF as the gain medium. This investigation provides new insights into the transitions between various multi-pulse regimes and nonlinear dynamics in mode-locked fiber lasers operating near the 2-µm wavelength region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent developments in the understanding and passive mitigation of transverse mode instability","authors":"César Jauregui ,&nbsp;Yiming Tu ,&nbsp;Sobhy Kholaif ,&nbsp;Friedrich Möller ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Palma-Vega ,&nbsp;Nicoletta Haarlammert ,&nbsp;Till Walbaum ,&nbsp;Thomas Schreiber ,&nbsp;Jens Limpert","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article we look at the newest developments in the understanding and mitigation of TMI in single-core fibers. This includes recent quantitative measurements that reveal the dependence of the TMI threshold on the modal content of the seed, systematic measurements on the dependence of the TMI threshold on the fiber core size, as well as the study of TMI in PM fibers including a novel passive mitigation strategy and the static modal energy transfer recently observed in these fibers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-power ytterbium-doped multicore fibers","authors":"Arno Klenke ,&nbsp;Cesar Jauregui ,&nbsp;Mehran Bahri ,&nbsp;Johannes Nold ,&nbsp;Stefan Kuhn ,&nbsp;Nicoletta Haarlammert ,&nbsp;Thomas Schreiber ,&nbsp;Jens Limpert","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber lasers are nowadays one of the preferred coherent light sources when high average powers up to the multi-kW regime are targeted. Additionally, they are also widely employed for the generation of ultrashort pulses with moderate energy in the mJ-range. However, numerous physical limitations currently hinder a further performance scaling. One way to overcome these limitations is the coherent beam combination of parallel amplifiers. This approach has led to laser systems operating beyond the limits of a single amplifier, albeit at the cost of an increase in footprint and complexity. Amplifying multicore fibers hold the promise to combine the simplicity of fiber lasers with unprecedented performance scaling prospects and the additional benefit of enabling dynamic beam and pulse shaping. In this paper, basic considerations about design parameters of multicore fibers with non-coupling cores are given and the impact of physical effects on the output emission is discussed. State-of-the art results of multicore-fiber-based laser systems are reviewed with these fibers now being able to output kW-level average powers and nanosecond pulses with over 100 mJ pulse energies. Finally, an outlook regarding future performance targets and possible applications is given.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104471"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145435400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic enhancement of ammonia sensing using U-shaped tapered no-core fiber and functional group-modulated MXene","authors":"Pengyu Liu ,&nbsp;Yongchao Zeng ,&nbsp;Lihui Feng ,&nbsp;Xiangyue Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of high-sensitivity sensing technologies for ammonia (NH₃), a common and toxic industrial gas, is crucial for public safety and environmental protection. Two-dimensional materials MXene have shown great potential in gas sensing due to their excellent electronic and optical properties, yet their integration with fiber-optic platforms and the underlying sensing mechanisms require further exploration. In this study, we propose and fabricate an NH₃ sensor based on a Ti₃C₂T_x MXene-functionalized U-shaped Tapered No-core fiber (UTNCF). This structure enhances the light-matter interaction with the MXene material through a strong evanescent field effect. Concurrently, we employed density functional theory (DFT) to systematically simulate the interaction between NH₃ molecules and Ti₃C₂T_x with varying ratios of functional groups, calculating the band structure and charge transfer. Furthermore, the BoltzTrap module was utilized to analyze the changes in Ti₃C₂T_x ’s optical refractive index upon NH₃ adsorption, thereby revealing the intrinsic physical mechanism of the sensor. Experimental results demonstrate that the developed sensor exhibits good performance over an NH₃ concentration range of 0–320 ppm. The sensor’s transmission spectrum shows a significant redshift with increasing NH₃ concentration, achieving a high sensitivity of 1.8 pm/ppm with good linearity. Theoretical calculations confirm that the primary sensing mechanism is the charge transfer from NH₃ molecules to the Ti₃C₂T_x surface. This process alters the material’s carrier concentration, leading to a measurable change in its complex refractive index, which is in high agreement with our experimental observations. This work successfully combines theoretical calculations with experimental validation to not only develop a high-sensitivity fiber-optic NH₃ sensor but also to elucidate its sensing mechanism from a first-principle’s perspective. It provides an effective strategy for designing novel, high-performance Ti₃C₂T_x-based optical gas sensors with significant application prospects in industrial safety and environmental monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104489"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deployment cost optimization in fiber-wireless network: A study of greedy and dynamic-programming based approaches","authors":"Ravi Babu ,&nbsp;Govind Sreekar Shenoy","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber Wireless (FiWi) access network combines fiber optics and wireless access technology with the objective of providing solutions to the problems of dimensioning, scalability, planning, and quality of service (QoS) offered by the services such as smart grid, smart cities, and the Internet of Things (IoT). The growing bandwidth demands of emerging applications implemented by these services pose significant challenges for the planning and scalability of FiWi network infrastructure. Providing a large-scale FiWi access network to accommodate large user groups requires cost-effective deployment solutions. It is important to recognize that FiWi network deployment strategies must achieve an effective balance between minimizing deployment cost and ensuring scalability. Consequently, planning and scalability considerations in communication infrastructure have emerged as key areas of research interest. Motivated by this requirement, this paper attempts to address two key problems in FiWi network deployment: optimizing FiWi deployment cost and maximizing user inclusion for network services in cost-constrained deployments. To address these problems, we propose greedy, dynamic programming, and genetic algorithm–based approaches. Experimental evaluations across diverse test cases demonstrate that the proposed methods yield optimal cost deployments while ensuring more than 95% user inclusion under cost-constrained scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring ultrafast photo-thermal and photo-acoustic dynamics of material employing localized surface plasmon-mediated fiber optic sensor","authors":"Rani Dutta,&nbsp;Tapanendu Kundu","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores ultrafast photothermal and photoacoustic dynamics of materials using an evanescent wave absorption-based U-bent optical fiber (U-Fb) sensor, functionalized with gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles. Leveraging localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), the sensor enables rapid detection of refractive index (RI) changes due to non-radiative heat dissipation under optical excitation. The nanoparticle-functionalized probes were first calibrated under controlled temperature and RI conditions. In order to get the insight of the photothermal processes, pump–probe experiments were conducted using a 514 nm chopped continuous-wave (CW) laser and a 532 nm nanosecond pulsed laser as pump sources, while a 405 nm probe beam monitored LSPR responses under both resonant and off-resonant conditions. It was observed that when the excitation beam overlaps with the probe, nonradiative decay of LSPR absorption contributes to the thermal change of the surrounding medium. To further explore heat propagation dynamics, the distance between the fiber probe and the photothermal source was varied. This allowed for temporal analysis of RI changes and differentiation between thermal contributions from the immobilized nanoparticles and the absorbing material. The results revealed that, under chopped CW excitation, AgNP-functionalized probes exhibited higher sensing sensitivity than AuNP-functionalized probes, despite having approximately similar thermal response times. Since the AgNp LSPR is off resonant with pulse excitation and resonant with the probe beam, this configuration provides better sensitivity and the clarity in monitoring the time profile of the material thermal response than AuNp- functionalized probe. Notably, AgNP- functionalized probes also detect shock waves and acoustic signatures generating from the absorbing material under nanosecond pulse excitation, underscoring their potential in measuring the fast pressure dynamics. Overall, the U-Fb probe sensor offers a compact, tunable platform for real-time monitoring of ultrafast thermal and mechanical events, with applications in photothermal spectroscopy, thermal wave sensing, and advanced material diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104492"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145621145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linewidth reduction of a thulium-holmium co-doped fiber laser to sub-kHz using self-injection locking with an external sub-ring","authors":"Dandan Yang ,&nbsp;Fengping Yan ,&nbsp;Qi Qin ,&nbsp;Ting Li ,&nbsp;Chenhao Yu ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Wang ,&nbsp;Hao Guo ,&nbsp;Yuezhi Cai ,&nbsp;Wenjie Ji ,&nbsp;Youchao Jiang ,&nbsp;Qiuyu Huang ,&nbsp;Siyu Peng ,&nbsp;Ting Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104448","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104448","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, a self-injection locking technique combining a delay fiber and sub-ring is proposed for the linewidth compression of a single-longitudinal-mode (SLM) laser in the 1.94 µm band. The laser output with an optical signal-to-noise ratio of 74.1 dB and linewidth less than 1 kHz is obtained. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, the feedback cavity, which exhibits excellent linewidth compression, was formed by the combination of a sub-ring and delay fiber and has been experimentally demonstrated for the first time. This narrow linewidth SLM fiber laser is highly competitive in advanced coherent light detection fields including coherent Doppler wind lidar, high-speed coherent optical communication, and precise absolute distance coherent measurement.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104448"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145527241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invited Paper: High-power monolithic narrow-linewidth 1.6 mJ/8 ns fiber laser system based on all-glass spun tapered double-clad fiber amplifier","authors":"Hossein Fathi ,&nbsp;Uttam Kumar Samanta ,&nbsp;Evgenii Motorin ,&nbsp;Ebrahim Aghayari ,&nbsp;Andrey Grishchenko ,&nbsp;Matias Koivurova ,&nbsp;Regina Gumenyuk ,&nbsp;Valery Filippov","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-energy, narrow-linewidth nanosecond pulses are highly demanding for many applications that require high temporal and spatial coherence. However, the amplification of narrow-linewidth pulses is primarily limited by stimulated Brillouin scattering, which causes pulse instabilities, back-reflected pulses, and catastrophic damage effects on optical components. In this work, we present a 1.6 mJ narrow-linewidth nanosecond pulsed fiber laser system based on all-glass spun tapered double-clad fibers without employing any mitigating technique for the stimulated Brillouin scattering effect. The system delivers pulses with an 8 ns duration at a 100 kHz repetition rate, over 97.5% degree of polarization, a beam quality factor of <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>∼</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></math></span>, a spectral linewidth of 53.8 MHz, a 160 W average power, and 188 kW peak power with a slope efficiency of 97.6%. The degree of spatial coherence of the amplified signal was measured to be 0.94. Our results are highly valued in applications requiring high-energy, high-coherence pulses with spectral, spatial, and polarization characteristics in a compact system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"96 ","pages":"Article 104465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinforcement learning-based wavelength-dependent power control for WDM systems","authors":"Gustavo Sousa Pavani ,&nbsp;Dipankar Sengupta ,&nbsp;Maria Freire-Hermelo ,&nbsp;Antoine Lavignotte ,&nbsp;Christine Tremblay ,&nbsp;Catherine Lepers","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104470","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104470","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In dynamic optical networks, wavelength-dependent power control is a challenging issue because it can dramatically affect lightpath quality of transmission. To address this issue, the authors proposed a reinforcement learning (RL) channel power equalization method to compensate EDFA wavelength-dependent gain in a single step. The optical power of the active WDM channels is monitored at the endpoints of the optical multiplex section (OMS) to learn the best policy for optimizing the variable attenuation elements of the reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM). The proposed approach is validated experimentally on a three-span WDM experimental testbed, where a surrogate model of the RL environment significantly reduces the management effort required to collect samples. The applicability of the RL method to our experimental system demonstrates an average power difference reduction up to 87%, which was obtained for the 24-channel random allocation use case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145416269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly Yb-doped silica-based fibers for ultra-short lasers and amplifiers","authors":"Mikhail E. Likhachev ,&nbsp;Egor K. Mikhailov ,&nbsp;Tatiana S. Zaushitsyna ,&nbsp;Vitaliya A. Agakhanova ,&nbsp;Lyudmila D. Iskhakova ,&nbsp;Mikhail M. Bubnov ,&nbsp;Alexey S. Lobanov ,&nbsp;Andrey A. Umnikov ,&nbsp;Denis S. Lipatov","doi":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.yofte.2025.104427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent state-of-the-art for ultra-highly Yb-doped silica-based fibers have been presented. Detailed properties of the developed fibers, i.e. refractivity of different co-dopants, background loss behavior due to Yb-doping, photodarkening effects and lasing efficiency degradation at high Yb concentrations have been studied. Application of highly Yb-doped fibers for obtaining of lasers and amplifiers of an extremely shot lengths have been discussed. Novel results regarding development of ultra-highly Yb-doped large-mode-area (LMA) fiber amplifier have been presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19663,"journal":{"name":"Optical Fiber Technology","volume":"95 ","pages":"Article 104427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}